Professional Documents
Culture Documents
"!$#&%')(*((
+-,/.)0214365"7982:&14;<50
KN=*Mvir>@wY[?KcS4ACbJLhbB4Jo
AD&U
n[wxEGFIVH9il2JLyn\<KNM<VziTOIPzM&PQ{MRM<V)STP
Me&hc`i4|}UWP
Y^V
\gKNXZMgYi4X~KMPzXZY[n)iTS96OTl2OM<VLV
Y[P
\<VJL\<O4Kcl2nQSTyM^iTMuX]`_VX@Ya< S
EbAc`Y[PzB4VLH<\P
d"Ph
M<VS^e&XGn6fgP
Mgl2X~h`V
i4i4jk\/\<4V)Kbl9O^eW\h`i<K`X@lmP
X~S4\ni4i4nQnWUQyJowX@S46Y[U)YWS^CS4X@h`KcYWiglpS"Y^]`D&PLY
EGyFIjkHRYdriTi4q6Jhs*SrfgY)joU
KNnMu{[SrtC \<KbSgV
U
l \rP q
VlSrtzS\gC{
\gKcjoi4\gKchw MP
hLi4hKGYJ
Si4hNM$l2KcX@YoX@YS MRVLP
\O4SM/VQ\\gVVLX~M/V)e-f<Mgh`i4jkKbO"h`iglq
U
j wMS4PXZl9Y[h)YVi4h-KNJLOV
YhbKbVLy6YKNw^]gY¡i4=*n[>@]GJ9?TJ
ALSrX@KbYX@M i4S^Kc{h/)hPzfRKNMg\ghci4Yki4hWjoKbVM&KNeOoXZY[_hbS ig>@l {)A dgd9
\VX@KNYJMxSPJ
O4U)S4XgiT\gq K`M<tzSTSM"J¢VL\ue£\\<VQV
j¤VLX~M"X@Y[VS4e&K`\f<MM<hcVzi4joPz\<KNO4OS&Mrqigl2fgn[SIX@YKN{WMVLtCP
Kbn[Sgl2J
X YW SMjP
h&SrK¥X@M9YV)X@YWJ
SM
JL KNMMRPOrPh M<J
M<S4S6i4MhNM¦X@Y[l2SKcX@Y§O4Y)X i4YW\gSoiTOr{
X~S4\\gK`jkKNMgX@i4Kb\OTw¨MªM<V)VzePz\<XZOY[STSMxV©e^Pzf<\gMi4hcn'i4joi4KNn[OJ'h`igl2P
/nX@n)Yi4SY©P
i4nW\i4Jnªl2i4nWY)J«i4XX@Yi4S\<S§6P
X YWn
S§ni4jY)&SX KGYWq}S6Vq J
MMVPzeh
yCJ
K`S4STn[nWJJ
PS4M\gO4i4X@VhcKb/V
e¦nMPlO4VV
Ye^\<J
iTh`igM
Mgl¬P_kM<e£ST\<°uJ§V
°±jKcn]`yCX YWS4XZY[nWSS®Sr©\gi4©Pzh d9Pz\gi4\gi4ni4n[n¡J®i4nWi4²&nWJHTJªB4X >@YW>XZY[S]`S«{i4Pz\gX@n)PzKNn
OInPzn)i4h`YWi4i4Y¡q/\@dgf-Kcn¡n³¢JC{)?TVQ´µi4AcKc\Bn
X@FyKbOr]`P
P
X hcY)n[i4i4\oO4X@VQ"i4n[n[ JLJ¯MK`X@P
KN VLh"n\gJLi4i4KNUM<h d2OIKbO®PQi4MrnWhcM<i4JxSTnQM³¢y6PztC?iri4FIyC\gB KNS®¶gVz¶PQK`EGn Ma
P
^]GOTn[YVLO4iTnWhbJLS4JLi4KcKcX@X@\9Y§KbV
ln]GMgV
i4KcnQh\<dgJ
y MrP
·q&hci4«B\ F¸Sr EGFrX@YE iTJLV]bh`KcJ
KcX@X~YCMoS4d\gVi4i4e
h d\SJCi4Sl¦n[JJªY)PQi4O³X X@KNX@V
B Y[¹nWBSo¹6MkE
e£]bP\«VQjºi4S4YX@i4iX {)YWY]bS|V
Pz\g\hbSrKNKNO4MyX~i4i4M@h hdgd^"tzYtLSiri4\<t
\M<SkKbSTVLMOPi4MV)hcNe2SXZw6JX@{[Y»£STS®¼¸MB©½ VB4PzH9e\gi4B4OnAhNS¾i4i4\xB4n[>@lJ¯>VL] X l2YW\<J
YSMShN\<Sri4Sryn[U
i4Jw h
^¾YB4>@>"i4j¿] l2YWVLS4\9\<S\Pz hbSTYM9i4i4\<jÁSJ
i4\<SrS2\KtzK`n[STeJS4\~e@\<\<SVQJjÀe@\<XZVLY[jÂSoV
MgKUQytCn[KNMVzPQi4n[MJlK`VQn\JLJ
KNM9O4i4i4X@n[KbV
JnWMM<SKcn
nX~YS4Sn[\<O4SrSnM9X/X K`n®YWS4X@jY[S^M<S4X~hSItzCSTXbM@dgdg-vû> B4HA`BB4½ AcB4B4HxH^B4B4AA
¾] l2B4YW>@>&S4\<] Srl^U
Y[w^S4 \<SvY) i4YjÄi4i4jÄ\<S^i4J
\<S S4\gJ
KtzSr\gSTK}J
t
STiTJoMui e@\<\<VLSTj'P
X KcYW\<S4S jMg{)S4Kcn)\gXKcXViren[XZJxYS\gi4{X@KN\gVQVLntCi4KbhbMgS KNVQV)neVi"ehNSIX@yYi4Sh
X~X~SrSICXXbd/X YWirn[VLPLJy»£YF4´bX EGYWa¸B S"BrX~A4SI¾CXB¸Kb>GM >
MgÊ K`hNi4S4jkn)X¨i4h`KNVL M&nÅUWX@VY[V
Sª
KbËgM<ÌMP\gKcS<nWdrO4qxKc{)[hNSVQM&\ÆVJ
eSrf<X@Mgi4hcK`i4hNMgjoxKNO{)hNS4PziT\gMRKbSMg{\<\SPiTJ
JÇS4nXZOTY[SSË4q OYi4{
X~S\MÈVLnÉfgn)XS\{
\<SX@i¸X@KbV
nmK`n iTMgYK`j
]bi4nMPi4h)hbVLi4yh-KNOWi4KNh/YJ
STi4JhGM<PVO4X@JLKbV
KbM<nCOrdgP*M<»ZM<>@S´¥MENHTX@>@Y[BÎxS9]M<STPzO\gV
KNMnWX@KNJLO
i4\~{w\<STMgeVLSrP
\\SOnSTOTM"SRd V)e&i4nWf<MgJ¢h`i4VLjkX@YWKbO^Sr\^hcigl9jSX@X Y[YWSVJ
»¹6M9° VBxe2]GOT»¹V
´bEbnWHTM<BS4anW]bM\PSM@iTdgM<TVLÍon¶&E K`n
B4y >
i4{n[\gK`JjkK`i4n
\tzw±SMgM<X@VLK}yP
i4\<X@OTKbSV
M¢nCdrV)qWe¨^hcfRuMghcX i4YWjoSKNOM<STOh`igVLl2n[JLi4XZ\Y[w¨SM<Vz©PzPz\<\gOTi4Sn'M9i4i4\n[SJÏSK}X@X@YWY[SÐS\JLP
Kcn\<SnOrirX@Y-h}w¨q
V
Q\9VQKc\«nWJLKcnWKc\<MgSTX@Ori4X@n[hwOSrUxiTX@M<Y
S\JªSS§VLnªjkX i4YWK`n S
S4O4hbirS4PjM<S S4n)duX~i4M2\<S"Ve^U)iT©
M<STK}w6JoiTMgVL/nkXZY{)i4\gKcXjoKNMi4\~_w2M<>@A/VzPz]GVQ\<OT\gK}SyMrKcq
n) i4h*MP
O4iTh
MRi4S<hWdgKN·Y?TÑLi4°phGM<V]b\JLP
KNhcMRK`n
OrPy¢M<M<VLSTnªM VQiTMgX@Y[h dxSr\/i4nWjoJ®i4X@KcnoY[S¨KNMRM»PQAc`B4SHkMuKc]Gn
St
e~eV
S4h}O4t
X@KcK}nQt
y S
fX@<Y[Mgh`S9i4jkf<MgKbh`O^i4jkh`iglÉKbO^hNMSIPyO4i4Yh{iT\<MvVzX@tCY[KNS^MgKbV
STene~S]bO4KGqX&SqVe&l2OrYPi4MgX&X~VQKbM jp VLi4n\gi4h`jkiglÉl2VLY\*i4OIX&PQKbMgM X~VQ®jpiTiT\MvP
i¦Y[ÒM<l2VzPzY\<i4OX&S^KbMVe&h`i4ig\gl2Tl2i4nWYJxi4X&yKb\gMiTJ
lSTi4M6VK`U e
i4Ô n[B4JB
Õ ½ l2?a~Ydri4q XKbM®i4n[JP
Um]b\gSTOTVLjojSrn[J
STJdi4nWJi4hNM<VÓX@YS«jSrX@YVJ
MVex\<S4joVLtCi4h^VeoOTVLnWe@hcKbO4X]bKµq Sq
fgnªnWV6Mgl2V
jhbSTJSxyCUS^VVVQeC M^\gVi4eU)KN OMhcP
i4nQhcy6yPz\giri4yCjoSjki4n[i4J\^yV\ge*i4¦jk\gjoi4Ui4Kb\/OKbM/h`i4in
y6jP
PirMgyX&S
e~KNV
M9\/JLVLKNnWM<OISuPQl^MRM<Y[STVJ®l2i4Xi4nhNS4X~nQM×yX~X@VY-UWq[S"Öoioe =*O4Vz>@?PzA}\<EN?M<S?6Î X@Y[VQS\
i-P
\KbMg{\PJ
S4n)Xgq V6lxSrtzS\X Y)KNM&KbM&nWVLX-\Si4hc}w^i MP
U|bSTOX[joi4X@X~Sr\&Ve× MPzhµq
s*X@Y[YWSÈS"jUWSrSrn[X@Y[Se@VKcX~J
M MV)Ve-eoXZY[K`Sn
X~MgS4XZ\~P{)J\<wSrX@V)i4X@euKNV
nWMMPzh
V)i4ehW)X@YWKNS¢Y©i4\PzS\gi4jonÇi4n
irwLn[qJ¡\<V
P
j'nni^i4Y)MgXZ^Pi4Jhcw^V)XZY[euSª M<MPzSO4h`6V
lnWJLS^i4OT\~VLwjM<SVzPzXVo\<OTSnMVV)l e
fi4<Mgn[h`Joi4jkVLKbX@O9YS4hcig\&l2jWSrX@Y[X@YS¦VtCJ
KNMuSlVeMfgVL|cX@n«K`Y iTJLMP
LX@h-YVS"e&Y)joKNMgi4X~|NVQVQ\@\"w2M<VO4eYJ
VQSrhci4tz\<SM hNVQV){
e&jXZY[SSn
X{ViTMgeX&f<i4Mgh`nWi4Jjk{)KbO\ShcigM<lÇSrnX@i4)n[X JxYWS^hbSry\P
i4hNh
STX@MY[VS4VQe/\©
wCqK}w6¦iTh`M
X@\<Y[STMgS{WM<SSTOrjoX/ei4VLC\/SX@Y[i4n
SwTjUWVSrX@JYwVl2J
VQYhNVVzywM~XZPV)JLeKNS{MiTMg XjoMPziTh"MgO4X~S4ir\<P
MuX@KNi4Vzn[P[J
MU[K`nS4Oi4V
{j{
ST\<MuV
iTigOl2Yi4\<X@S2VV)f<eMgh`X@i4YjkSKbn[OSThcSigJlX~q V eV
S®h`NJ
V6SrlÅt
S4\~hNP
VQhN{[SMM
P
KcV
nÈX@X@X~YX@S4SY[\g\/i4S9n[M<jkO4OKbS"S4i4nWX@i4X@nWO4S4STJx\<MrM^qiTV)s*OrX@e"YKNVQJ
Sn-ST{qLJ\g"PK}n[OrjkOX@KNKcjoVQ{)nÆi4i¸hzYV)VQeO4Ui4|Nn[noSSO4lÉ{X@K\gtzV\S P
JV)hNPSe&OTM^Sv VyMe"Pz\Sf<hLMi4KNhcX-M×i4jo°*X~Vx? KN¹Ox\<´GSrB4h`y6H4igEµlPza*h`i4q V
X~ n)S h}Sxfw^|cX@X@U
KcYWY)w2S4iTn«MgJxXZPi4KbMJn[wJhcK`CV)yS4e&P
hwk KNJ
X~MSV®P
X@h
Y[irKctznSVQ|}iTP
KNJ®J
\gJLKNMgO4K`XX@i4KN\<KcVQnoS4nhbSTYXM<KNV MM
STee~VQ\XWi4XJ
SJPQOKcnQy¦X@YWS hciglÇe@\<V
jÅX YWS"M<VLP
\<OTSMrq
X@YfgYjoK`jki4i4X^jÀX@Y[XZY[S6SY)MwiT|e@MgPzK`X~-\gSKbKNjkMgM^X~M®irOX@V
KNVOn[e~X@Me\gKNJ
S4O4i4S4VzX@\<PzjS\<JSrM<SªnX~VXeV)V
U[e-h`S9NX@V6YWXZlxY[S"STS{)JÏe£\gi4KcnM<X YWVLO4jS4K`{\ SÈhbSTV)M e/{V\gX@K`Yeun[S
O4K}M{
MOP
hbKNSTh
SMn[i4hWOTKcnÇSxWKNV)X@YWYxeS¢ l2J
MiTP
SM hGJq
e~PQK`s \<OMgYX@XKNKNVLjoMnmKbiTMJ
V)X@Se\PQULh`Sxw2igl K`Yn®K`jUQX@YPzq SXovSM<XZY[S4e~nWVLSTMRM<\<SSS
{KcnÈ\gK`n[X YWO4SK`{MhbXZSTPQMWJlxwS4V)\<S en V
MXWPzK`h`nX~VSrevy\gX i4YWX@S4STjJxWi4nWX@Y[JS9MjkwMgV)X~SrMgjoX*e£i4i4X@Kcj6STVzJ)PQqMi4e£\<XS S
\/^6YU
iTP
e£h Kc LjoiTMi4i4n
n«w2i4M<h O4Y*iVQThcMi4\\<K&M&]GY)J)irq tzS 4O4dgVQ-n
fgX@jo\gKcU
i4jP
X~STi4J h
i4i4KNeZ\gPi4joJ
J
irK`wn®n^i4hWhC¦P6jol2KNirJLwK`Wn)K*^]GU
J)P
q h 4iTdgMgi4n®¦UQ^P h Ê i4i4jk\gKbYJ®Kui4]GJ)h q
i4T4i4dghc×K ]GJ)i4qY\P¸J
dguJLKcn®i4^Y)h \~PJ
i4JLKcJLnigl2i4hK//]GJ)i4q TK ]GJ)4dgq W^U
4dgP
sl2*fgn)YWY)KcX@SKNKcO4i4YXZh`}Y[wMSY[VLXblVL\P
SVÈX@hNJ
KNOi4i4{U[h*{
S^i4\<e@{)V
VQ{
iThcbOr\<V6YWV
lSTiTM2OrSYJJ
SIK`l2ntziTS4X@MohbYV
S^J
{SrSe~tzV
J®S\jhNKcVLn«P
{[X@hcSi4YJX@SoKbV
U
Mgnw«XZPV)JfgeujkwirVKNjºe¦Y- qCMY)Ö
PiThcnke@KcX@X@YWY[l2S SxYWVQX@VYX YWSSrV
S4n)\&\giTS4Y)O4X@i4KNX~OSTn[i4JJLhLi4i®{nW\gM<J®KcS4joX^XZY[i4V\gSoeKch}w2JC{SXZ\gJY[KcnWPQS^O4OSK`X@{i4K}tzhN\gSSh}w M q
i4J
n[S4\gJKtzhci4STX~J®S\ hbSr yi4i4hn\~iTP
e@hNK-SM<M2OYVQV
\xh`i4 \MMPzhNhV){V
\gCK`Sn[JoO4K`Kc{n)hbXSTVMX@X@YYSS4\<J
Se@Sr\X@VQi4K`jhNMq V e×VhcigllÅSrt
yS4K`tz\g-Sn®X@Y[KcSnhci4X@YX~S4S9\^©xM<OP
Y\gV
i4nhci4\<i4M9nWOTJVLjoPzUn
Kcn)ni4SYJi4X@n[Y[J S
XblV
i4{
{\gV
iTO4YWSTM×i¸nWJ2{)\<STM<Srn)X@h}w X@YWS"MP
U|NSO4X-STMRM<S4n)X@Kci4hcweV
h`NV6lxM&X@Y[SMgi4jkSe~VL\gjoi4Xgq
"!$#&%')(*((
+&,)-/.1024315768
9;Z kl:F7<>:)=@F7?^>Z ACY&L@BEDGdlFH<>em<JWIKB7AEF7IGD)NmLMWn=)`o=
NOL@< S_Dq=PRp*Q F7^;<TF7S
NmDF7rsUV<TS`oB7L[WXigFHS_<;DtGY[F7ZWu\]S_9JL
^TS
:D
`o`CW
:bac?jF7FH^>iZ Y)\hL
dfFH<JebF7W[NmA7I vwIGNg?hWX=)` <;W)rC?h=FHPijrxWM9;L
AX:jiy`CIz<>B{L
SS<><;egIzF7=
IK:iX=@=^P
ImGQ :[^;<TB7F7SD?hS@Di
?jWAF{F7<|_rxIKA]BEiyF7IKLM<>DBEAIKSA7<:}<><;S<>Iz?jAH=
<w:FHi
[A~=yA7^;:S_rxIG:[:[ri
A7W[:
A7A^rCB7rrxW[=DtFHAw<>It<;:WMIKPrxAEIKA7BEFH^;F7iy
rxIG^>IK:
=
A7}rx:F77rxIKC==yPj:ItrxF7af=)L
=@PCS
^>DGrziOFHWM<WAhIt
w:UzrS
W)rx^;F7WMF7r"A:IK<F7
~:MrS_W[i^;AhF7e:
~S_:)S
Uz:=
^F7F7^:mWv{Y` <T^;eSF7S@LB7BEWIzWBFHiyDG<~F7IK:@<>BS@S
F7<^TF{<;S@OIKP=@A>S_v;: DY
krxWMAF7FH:MZ :)=_IS_U :jaf=@ac^>W[i
A{<:lacItIGrrWXIz<s?XS@<>A7AF7iX:It:
L[HAHv;PY=y]^>A£F7:^S=yPS
S
:OD
v;`CY[rP F7UV^TBHS=yP:)S
¡D[S
`c:MBE<r?jIz=
F{:OS
v;¤hY)¢ F7F7^T^TS@S@PPS_UzD[¢ F7F7^T^CS@PU aCacWW)IKBEIKB7WXWmItI¡:M|
iyAHIK<BEF7CrA£FH<;rx^;IGFC?hrAE= Y
CDtFHIGrxBHF7AEL@YS_DtAEKF7rWjBb v¥F7DK<F7=:[Iti¦:MB7DS@i
F7^TAS@<&PrxS_W[DA eg?WAEF7r^;W[r§=i
UtW<&F7=)^TPS@PnIt:rxacA7^;W)
IK^>B7A7WrxF7rxIGIK:=yiy:XIzB7<TF7SrB7AWj<§FHBH<=@9T:MLiyF7^;ItrxF7IKr=yS
:M:<v{\jFH¨h<><;IzY
<>9>B{<;SW<>F7<;^;Iz=
F7:©rS
:S_\j:[i
FHA7<>^<;Y
A7rB
af<;W)AF7DG<;[WrxF7F7DtNOOA£:[=
rxWrAwiyIziy<>IKB{<>SB<>S@<q<><JF7IK:
=
dc:==
P:rW[rW[A"ACFHPT?X=y^JA{Arx<;WF7=IKi~i
<"rxW=)IGP:@OIt:
<{rA79J^T:h^>PA{=@rxDGF7K=rxIKac=@:IG:@fF7:M<>iX=
?XBEDGAsFH<>?h<JIKPx=IzB7i
F7AErx^Iz:=
:}Q =<TS_PD
ac<>BE=
WM^>i
=
<RDtF7^>S_<;:[YHiOawAEA ^
^>>A7k}FHi
A7rxAEW^J<=)i
r=<=<JrPwS@ig9T:djrxA7`o^;
^;F7^>L)A7rxIKB]F7rxIzDG=yF7:
:b7S
F{ªnOAjAF7<;:MWiF7DtIGr<:=
mrc^;F7iy?jIK<?hB{SF7<>^C<<>A7^TS
)DKF7A^;<hF7r=)A7PD¡dym$^;9JF7:?hr?jWIzF7<C^wIGF7:^;rxY)Q af<S_AjD <;F7W:MF7inDtFHiy<;IKN<>BS@rW[<>A<
<>=@?A"=)P[rxWMAsB{WF7^;FHB7rAE^Iz<;rxIKB<&=P
wS
^;F7:FH<&Itr<&It:
rx^J=)igS@B{rxIz=
:
`C
~^S_F7^;L)F7IK:BsF7IK<s:Mrxi£WMrxAWLMIz<=
W=
FHN£<qacLMA7W)A7IK:]B7Wrx^`CF{:MDGt<JF7?hWlIt^>rxArAH|_i£A7F7rDz=~AHiXS<It:L
dcB7IK<=
:
<;rxMIG:yAAHSBE=yWlS<&rx=rA<;rxIKIG?X<R«=y^>:
=ydC=
W[^&A{r¬V7k®[7S
¬V¯bW°xF7 ??jFHi}UVegkhvsIG:
±<TS
W[LA7 z^>AHAB7rza£F7^>IKA<>A ²m²7± ³´WM<A¶S_^;
wF7WMS
<^;F7=:·PjBHS
=y::[AH<;µIKS
<JrF7<´DcDK=)AEP:
m?jrxWF7 :± IKPTWMAH<;ArB^>=yA:|_rAEA{DGF7:rxrIz<=
:¸=)PjU¹rxWM7Aº »·
w¼&S
^;7F7ºE:§½V°GvnF7^>acA}W:[IzB7=
WrXB7Iz<´DtFH<>iy<;IKItP^>IKAHAB7i r
^>BHPxF7A{=@Dt|_?mAES
DG?]F7:Mrxi
S_Iz=
AE:):O^&IKB7vqrxF7WacrxIzIz<=
W:¾IzB7B7F7W}rIGA:¾BHO=y=yrx:[WM^dy<;A/IK<Jafr<C=y=^>i
P1<IG:[=<;P~It^`oF7rxDtGIzF7=yW: F7± :MW)iIK<B=yIK<:MBiyA{IzPrP<{AEy^>A7`C:DGrjrxPxW^=@A£? ÂXºH¹Ã>7½K¬Äº »º =)¿@P&{rx¬zWM½VÀAUz«:^;=@=
:
ÁxW[?jA7F7r :UVIKePTkAH<;vr
ÅrxWMAXÃ>½K
~¬VºS
Æ^F7¯:ÃÈÉǽGY
9T:uIt:wPacFHB7WrxIzY1B7rWjW)rxIK<wWMARNmIt«:M^>i=y=)WPCA7r1UVFHemiykjItrxv*WµIKS@<~=@F7rDKAH<><É=Ê`o<TDtSGFHLWX zAHItB7:hrCrxrxW[=A"A]ËOFHF7?jiyIGrxIG:WF7Y
rxIzIG<1=@F7:DK<>==]P£:M9>=y<;r&:AHFHµiS_IUz|OB7FHW)DzF7A7IG:):r=r= P
:UVB7F7W)^;F7^;F7IG:yr=yv&^>IK<w<afPx^AE=@F7?¦NmY
rrxW[WA]A«^FH=@iy
IGrxWMW£A{rwacUKItegDG
kXLMAvCrr^>=A7F7rxrWMAAjiwBHFH=y<?jafA7ItF7DKNmAE^cYA=|
PA7:XrWMrAjWM=ySyFHmiyWXItrIGWrIzB7<1=@?FHiyItIGDGrxF7WXrxIK=@
w:OSv{i
<;9>IÄPsOrx9;WMrAj<;WÇx=_S_ÀDzi Ã
LM=
rxAjW:[AE^&=yrAHiFHiyrIGW)rWF7 r rWMA]«^J=y)WMA{rwUVemkjvfiyIzi:=
r"?jF7NOA/F7:
dliyIK<JrxIG:MBErxIK=y:L[A{rzafAHAE:FHiyIGrxW
~S@i
<JIF7:Mi
Ì?X:A7F7D¡dX:It?X:
cA7F7rx=y:OIt:
A7}rWMUzAEk^ÉBF7=yFHZ:M:)<;I vCrxItr=
S_^rARrA{rxËmWrcA"Ut
w\hS
F7^;¤F7?f:v IK<C:=@r rW[A
wS
^;F7:bÍS_^;IK<J^TS@i
AE:
r<CF{m^>AHAwrxW)F7r rA{Ëmr"F7:Mi
FH~PPTS_=
^;^>F7i
:AHi]ac=
FH<]
M^A{=y|
^;rA7S
F7:DKAItird Itr:Î=w^><TAHrxF{PODKAHAHBE<r=yUx²H|_ÏyAEÐz^&²HÑmIGrÒ7F7v;Y:[iwF7:[?hiA7m?X^;FH=yig^;IGS_¤bF7A"Dt¡Itdr; Uz± Ó
WMÔmСAÕbÓHQ"v{DGF7?jÖF"^;FHF7ig^>S
A"F7ItDG:hItrd4F{mIt^>:AHAEr?W[AXA{:)^>rMA{|_rxW)AEF7DGF7r[rxIzrx=
WM: A
rA7AH:)<JrxrxIGIG^>?XAs=yrA{:
ËmdOr =PrWMA
~S_^;F7:jIK<s>kS_rxF;acF7rxIt^{>Y
IV A Y
Itr<F{S
rxWA7:)rxIKBEIGrdcIK<q^;=y|_AE:hL@dCS_:)I¡|_AE^J<JF7DG¡dcFHBBHAErxAHi
±kW[FHAiyIG:)DGF7F7^TWOA7^± WMAF7^;k}rAH=)BPB7F7rx:XW[A^>A{
w|
A7S
DGF7^;rxF7Iz:=
:[ac< FH?h<=^;<JA{rx|_D¡d~AEF7i
DKAHAEi¾F7DmacIt:¥ItrxWklL[AA7BHDGB7IzFAHPT<;UzYMF{LMiy=_Iz<;S_
rS
rx² F7rxIKO=@Õg:ÑbrxacW§ItrxWX)F7S
^:rVvLMAEF7DG:MIzA{i |_AE^J^JA<R<TrXF7:MIG:i
rx^TWMS_DzAEAHIG^C<1^>It:
A{m|OF7Itrx^>F7iyrxIGIK:@=y~:}PxrF7=}?j9IG<;DdDGF7Y?<>=)B7p1IzA7S_rdr YyrxMW=@A]DGItkrxIKBHFH<JiyYIGAH:B7F7=
::<T=@S_?h^;F7IzBHW[<;<;Y
YA{F7rBbF7 ^;± r W[PA ^=@<?S_^;F7rWXWMA]IK< FHBP=y=y:M^>AH<;<;Izi
F7IzA7iy^>YÉAHiwi
AEk}F7DAa£BHB7IGrxF{W:XDKIKA{PmItrF7< D
^>^>A{A{|_mF7AE^>DGF7iyrxIGIz:@=
f:§ac<;W)rxF7IK^TBErWAHi=
:[It:´AcIzk}<k}AHBAHB7BHF7BEYCF7A{:}|_AE=
:´^klIzPjFHIGiyrhIt:B7F7=@:}:
rxF7F7^>IG:[A£<XLFHk<AHFHiiyIG=
:):F7:´rxWM[A]A7^;<;IKF{=)diÊIt:
O` <CdbF7=rP <{ rWM± A]WMemAF7W)IG:MFÈPTL)=
IK<C^T?h=
F7^rxIzr=
WM: A
P=@DGz=bacIt:
COA7:[A7^;F7rxIK=@:
±AH<JW[rxIGA?jDKF7ArAHF7<{DC ± ?jW[F7AHr<>A7A£^;ItF7It:Dc ¡S
=:MP]BErxrxWIK=yA:[<&
~afS_^;AEF7^>:¥Ac^>IzA<l|_A7BF7=yDz:AHi]rxF7Itac:MIGAHrxiÎWrxIG:¾WMA£F7F7LMIG=y?S
r=)P1ÔÑm^JA{Ñn[A7` F7dbDtIGF7:
r<;YC=yFHLBH zBAH=yBErx^>IKiy=
IG:):
FÈL)DKrA= B|yS@F7<J^r=@Iz=y?S<<
<T9;SL)B7FHW¥iyF7WFH<DGI IGNy:[AXPxF7em:)F7rxDtIKF7B7rxIzYi
A7emYItF7S?h<TYS
^¢ dbF7YNgmF7F7rxY&?hL)DGF7I :@ GÄmYÌ S_rx:)WAEDGI ^C?jDKIGA{rmAF7iD[`=ydD¡F7dr<wF7?]i
A7d F7D[)a£^>IGAHrxW<>BE^B{ItWLF7It:
^;ItrxIKAHM<JA{YÉ:)=@F7F7DGrxrxIzWMAH<;<YF7?h:MF7i¾^;^;IGBHF{=yO^>AEA Y
iyP=)I¡|
<;r=
A7^>^;BHF{AEOYA79>Yyi
iyF7F7rxWA7^;Yy:)^>IGA{rÄ|Od=YyBEIG:
F7WMrxIKAE=
^;:XIGrxF7=:MPB7iyAEI¡YO|
L=
A^>µbBHSAiAH<Jacr mIK^TPTS
AwDKAHU <qIt^> GF7A{mWOF7v;Y
^>iyi
IG=b:
awfA7B^;=
YO??j?XF7IG:)A7^>rBEA{IG:F7F7Dy:[rx^BHF7A7:[Y
<;B{FHSB7<;rxrIz=y=):igd<S@=)BEPWhBEWFH<1IGDziy<;^>F7A7DKAE:Y Y
ÆXUV<;[7¬zAH½ B{S
DGF7¼&rxI|_ÀHA>À7v{½
Ì F7:[rxI)ACF7=:MPiXrxW[¢ A"F7:
rxW):)IGIM:
BO=y<1:MrxWBHA{F7)rrW<1FHW<1F{L[|_AHAA{LM:AHiyA{IK:<B{iySIG<><><>B{AHSij<><>IzA< ijF7LMIG:=_S_rA7r&^;
]?F7< rx=)IP&UVi
rAHA{PxËmIt:r&ItF7rx:[I¡|_iAv It:FÈ:[rxihA7^;?¢ F{< :
=):
P I
?XBH=@A7:MF7BE:D¡SIt:
<;
I¡|_ A± F7W[:MAwiÎacLMWA=@dDK=@A:M=iPi
rxWM=yAXS
L
~r; S
^Ì F7:):IKDdBjr=
ArËOWMr AE^hIt:urA
]ËrxFÈY1rxIaCUKi
WAIzB7PxWIt:IGW)rxIFH|_<XA>vwLMrxA7W)AEF7:´rCBHIK<w=y:[Itr<;< IKi
AEI^>aCAHidF7W¾
F7Uzrx^IAEIK<=
^;=yrKvw:DIzd <
kaf}=@=^J<;i
r"<R=)>PLrxF7W[:)AwF7rrxS_A{NbËOS
r ?=PIGrx:W[Af\j
~IK<JS
FbÐ^ÓOF7Õ:F7F7:M^JijA];
dbF7F7:MrxIPxF;It:}a¾?X?hA7It:F7:F7DyIt:
F7y^>i) IGËy:jF7?kF7DzIKAiyFb=Ð ÕgP"Õy¢R F7:
:IIG:}?XA7F{:It:
F7^>A£rxWMA
9;=:P=
rxWM:[AcA iy|
IzA7<>^>B{<>SA<><;B7IzF{=
:h:}L[=
A :?h
FHi
F7rxAI[
]F7:[F7iXrxIO¢L@doF7:
F7::It=@Y$rx
~WA7S
^^F7|_:AE^JF7<:MA i=y^&ebSOLy:)df:i
F7AWPxIG:)F7^JIGrxA£I|_ItAC:
rebA{S
m:
^;F7:DMF7rW=eg=yIG:M?jA£IGDtF{F7:M^;D¡=ydrxY
WMrA{WM^{A¢¢ F7F7:
:
:):)II
eA{|yS_IK:)i
:A7F7:[W§BHAB7=F7P:¾
]LMF7ArxI
A7ebDzS
A{:
|OF7:rF7AWi rx=¥
]FÈrxICL@dn
]F7rxI` dbF7rh=P]rxWMA
~S_^;F7:¥=
^XL
d=yrxWMA{^BH=y^;^=@L=
^;F7rxI¡|
A
pPAJdha PF7F7^^JY)AErF7W[Y&A£rW[DGF7Ah^TO
~ACS
^F7F7^;:rW=)FHP&<rWMmAcI¡|
~A7:S
^IGF7:[:)<;rIKB^SDKB7A{rxmIz=
Iz<;:DzF7rxIGIK:=
:BH=yW:[F{<;|_IKA£i
AEL[^A7F7A7L):XDKAXmi
I|_A{A7rx:F7ItDKIG<{:L^;F7=
^>FHiyiXDd=yrxS
WMrxA{DGIt^>:MAjA<IK<£[=yF7::ydD¡drWIt:It:
F
acmF7W[MA7<1^>Ah=
^
~Px=
S
^&^F7A{:ËyWDGFHF7:)<F7mrxI¡IK|
=yA7:[:<{ F7DGi
A7rxF7ItDK<{[ªAjF7^>Ahi
AEMA{:[i
A{:r =y:eS_:
:)F7WF7:[i}9; trxIGWFHi4r=PIGD S
rWMA
kDGÌ F;a¾:MF7 KA=@rxW^IKIt^><>r=y<d~S@SyA=)mPWh=<>9;PwBE trxWB7IGW=
=@DGFH:F7i/BH^><sA7UG^T)W:^=
It?hDzIKij<F7acrx^;WItD¡WMdcF7A{r&
rxrW[WIA{dIK^<sFH<xIKIGv{<RrC MIz<A7^T[?hA7^Iz<>?j<;ItIKL<<;DKAEIGL)Y[DKIGA:Mi
rA=AHi/^>AHFC<A7?F7^>SB{W<;rrPW[=@A^"i
B7A{F{|_SAE<>ADK=yUV¬V?X ½A{v:r&=)=PP1`C9><;WDtNmF7?hF7?IzB
hIK<$=afafA7F7A{N£|_AEF7^;:MYOiwF F7PTA;)aMAEW[F7=
^J<DKi£r=~rxW)WF7F{rM|_rxAF7DtL[IGDyAHIK<qAE::M=
Lr[=
[^T:hA{^=y?jS
IKr<<;=IGP[L)?jDKAsIKF7<T:MS
:Mi£i
FHAE<^><T<;SrxF7B7:MWXiyi
It:
A7c:@d rWMDKAAm@F7S_DGI ^;rdc==<PA"
]=P[I¡drxFHF7<DtIGDı W)IK<|yIKA;a
`C:MF7Nm=y? rxWMA{Uz^DGF;a IK<<Tv1S@IKA~<1:MIK<s=yÂrDGÇIt?hÈ It"rAH iwr=] rxW¯ AC=
A{|
^CA7A{:
|
rA7<:
=@r<1^acB7It^JW)BIKS_B7?XW<;F7rx^;F7Aw:[^>BHA7AHDG<F7mrA~iX=raf=A{|
^>A{A7|_^;AEYyDG`F7rx<JIzL=
F{:}LX=F7P1DKÁxrx\jWMAF7¤7`S
D
dF7WMrAE<{DG [± <Wrx= A
S
:Mi
A7^><;rxF7:[i£rxWMA"
~S_^;F7:F7:[i£IGr<&DtF;a
"!$#&%')(&(*(
-+ ,.0/2143567698/
:<;>=@?BADCBE&FG?BCBHI;>H JKLNMPO
HHCBQ;RHSTADCVU;XWY;[ZU?BCB=@?VH-=\ADC]WB^_K
A`?]Za=bCBUE>;XZDQ*?dcWBKeO
AaZf?KLgW]KeHchO Wi=Dj
klAm?Bn
o|mZDERC]CBceFp;R=b;XQWq}*STMPO
ADH
CBU*HZrCBQGOAmZm?]?]L~cs?BAm=bZQ*=?YKqtYCBE>K
Am=\c7QCBLb=$K ;[AZCBHHCBWBA@AD;X?BCBH=@?d=ucpK LAAaKeW]FKeH=b=bQ;vH ?O klK"ADO K
Zxw
wQ*AD?iC]=Wi
=bMP;[W]?PDj&}
SuQIW];[ZgWdKeC]AaWVce=@Za;RH
}
JyQ;[Z=bK9ZDCVzN;RE>H
CBJFZgC{CBH*KIc L
tuLbAmQIK CBF=@?V"MP?iO
A`HHQ*CB?xQ=bj)C]o~WBH;>=bE_=bQ*CB?xw|w
AmC]Kece
;>=b?]QcIjIE>;R=@?BQADCB?=\O
dO"Aa?iAD}l;XZD=bwQA~?iOAmc
??VHCBAm=@?xZu?OZWB?dEvZYOc
K?L=b=bQ*Q*??t L@?iK
CB=\AmO"c-Am?dMPZuO"H
KHILCB=\QQ*?r;>Hkl=AmQKe?GwQZm?V?V=uH*Zf
?pMhpKIL
ZmK"O"O"C]AmW]ce?dQZXKINL$j S E>CDtuj $}=KLbK `A<?B;>H*FGZa?V=bCBH&H*j W]?V}
;RH=bQ*?klADK
w
Q*?V=@ ZgLbCBAm?DtY?BEv
|CBR
C]c
ceAa?dZmZCBH*cYCB==Q?N=b;RF?NKIL<Zm?VH*ce;RH
J
Q?`=@?VADFM O
HHICBQtuC]Z;>H
=bAmKchOW]?dc;>H=Q?`E[?J¡CBE*=bQ?]KeAr=bK tCBAac
Z=\Q*?u?iH*cKL¢=bQ*?uL;>AmZD=Wd?VH=\O
A@ej"o~=
klF© AmCVK
£w
QU?B?G=b;XHW`K M =@O
?]H
cH=\CBQQGCB=uK
HI;RH7Evj¡=\Q*oDH?=bE>QCB=@??qz¦¤¡Z~H*O
cE
CB¥E?i§H
;
¨¡=\O"QIA~}-M O
|H;>HIRADCBCBQp}oDFGF?BCBCBF4HZM =\Q*Q?`C]LZD;>gK"O"AmAm?]W]ZD=b?AD;XKWBL<=@?]MhcQCB=\Q*AD;R?qCBQp=@?BHA~?VF0¡=l=@=bKsK=b=\Q*Q??
O"ADCBH&jIªO
=g=K£=bQ*?zNERCBFpCpKIL`§I;[¨hQ}<M O
H
HCBQ-wIAD;>FCBA;REvGAm?]L@?VAmZ=K«CpM QICBA;RCBQ-eCBEvO?`tuQI;[WiQy;XZ`HK
=
K
UIE>;JPCB=@K A~¦U
O
=lLbCBERE[Z¢;>H=bQ*?NWiCB=@?VJK
A~TKILCBH*chO
UpK
A$Am?]WBK
FFp?iH*c
?]cIjiªO
=&C]Z<C¦ZfKeO
AaWd?B}MPO
HHCVQGWBCBH
QWBAmCV?i
CB?=@?_U*Ke?dUW]KeER;vJ¡FGCB?7=b;[K Z~H¬]H KetuH
CB >;RFpUDKe}O|xZCB=@AKCBFFG}?BCBH'CB^¡W]© A~KeO
HQ}gchO ?BWi=@W =_j<Ko~LH=\=bQ*Q*?®?Gkl=@?BAWiK Q
w
HQ*;XWB?BCB=E
O MhZapCVJhV?jNMPQO"HI?7HMPCBO"QHICBHH*CVcQ¯|xKILC]ce=b;>Q*=\Q ?
klAmK
w
©Q?B=
Mhp;[ZCwADKKLX|YO
>RCBQVj Q? O
ACBHG=b?]Za=b;[Lb;X?]Z=bQCB=<MPO"H
HICBQG;[Zgce;v;RH*?iEvu;>HZDw;RAm?]c\°±e² ±iVj
Q? O"ADCBH?BHXK
;RH*ZNK U?]ce;[?iH*Wd?`=@KG=\Q*?TklAmKewQ?V=N
M¡`\°³e² ´hµ¶ ²>°¡³¡µI¶
² ·¡¸hµ*±e±e²v±¡¹BVjeSTERE>CBQ© C]ZD^?dcG=bQ?
U*?iE>;X?V"?iAaZ=@KC]WdW]?Vw==Q?klAmKewQ*?V=gC]ZvOchJ?GX¶
² ¹"°ºVj*»xH?WBERC]ZmZD;[L;[WiCB=b;[K
HKLNMPO"H
HICBQ;[Z CDtuE>;R}<§CB;>EX;
CBH*c C]¨hA;RAD;*R"?iADUCBE>}eC]WV=b;[K H*Z¢CºHcY=bC]WB;R=*CBwIw
AmKeCBE Vj
¼`½ ¾P¿BÀe¿dÁ]ÂNÁdÃmÁ]ÄXÀX½ ¾P¿BÀhÅÆ ÁdÁ¿BÇdÈ S"?BA~Y;>FwK
A@=bCBHI=ÉWiE>C]ZmZa;[Lb;XWBCd=b;[K
H;[ZgEX?VJ¡CBECBHcHK
HnE[?VJ¡CBEM O
HHICBQ&j¡:?fJCVE
MP
MhO"HIHCBC]QZ Å=\Q*Æ ?Á]ÁB|¿BǦ?BÊËC]¿BcÐÌbÇ Í
KÏDÎ LÏ ¿B=bQ*Ç ?«WBK
M =bH*CBZa=@;[?ZD=@ZgCBH*KcL=\C]Q*Z?dklOAmchKeJhw?PQ*j?VÑp=b;XWNKeHC]WinbE[=b?;vJ¡;RCB=bE¦;[?dM ZO
CBHHHIcCB;RQ'H*ZD=bÅA~OÆ WBÁd=bÁ;X¿BKeÇH*ZgÒ¦KÇdL¿ =ÍNQ?gÊ
¿Bk$ÌbÇPAaÍ
KeÎ wIQ¿BÇ?m=
FCB;>HEsWdK
HZD;[ZD=KIL=\Q*?HICB=\O"ADCBEC]WB=b;;>=b;X?]Z_KIL=bQ?k$AKewQ?V=_RS`E[nbC]LCBE[nCBE[nbR;>UI;>EXE>;]CBQeD}TÏ ZO WiQC]ÏDZqÏ =bQ*?
FCBHH*?VA;>HtuQ;XWBQQ*?CB=@?B¿d}¿BZDEXÊ ?Bw
=b}chAm?]ZmZm?dcCBHcZ~OWBQGK
=\Q?BAC]WB=b;ve;>=b;[?dZD} tuQI;[WBQ_ceKxH*Ke=<L@KeADFÓC¦wICBA@=lKIL
Mh¥gQ?BCBADAD=bCB;>CB;>HQj¡C]Wi=bQI;v;[Zg;R=b;X;[ZN?]ZWBCBFERE[?dCVc LCBE>&;RH-XQIUCBU?B=X;>t =
g?dK?VL¢H=Q=bQ*??kl=XADtuK
Kw
j*Q»Y?V=<HI;>HGEv=bWdQ*Ke?Fp Ñxw?VO"=@A~?VO
HE
=gS`ZmH¡WBtuQK
CBE>AmCB }AmZC`WB=@CB?VHye=lceU;XZDKI=bK
;>H ^pJ O"KI;XLgZDQ-z¦Z~=\O
Q*E
? j
=Xt K;>HZO WiQÔCBAm?BC]ZVj MPO
HHCBQÕtuQ;XWBQÓwCBAD=bCB^?dZKL=@?BWiQH;XWBCBE^¡H*KPtuE[?dchJ?ÖZ~OWBQ×C]ZD}FG?]ce;[Wi;>H?B}
CVJ¡AD;[WVOER=\O"Am?;[ZH*K =<wCBA~=KLM¡QICBAD;>CBQC]W]WBK Aace;RH
J=@KGFKZD=ZmWiQ*K E>CBAmZVjeSZLbK
Ag=bQ?`C]WB=@ZCBH*cGZaCV;>H JZ¦KIL
=bZ~Q*O?rWBQklADc
K
?Vw
Q*;XW]?i?d=gZ=b=bQQCBCB=N=ADF?BE>;[CBZa=@E[?d?]cc£=@=KQ?wI?VCBH*A=b?i;XWVFO
E>CBAYLbK WBAm;>W]Am?]WZaO"}*FG=b;RZDFp=bCV;RH*H
W]J_?BZYKLZ~OCBWB==bQC]WiC]^¡ZD}<}<ZD=\;[Q*?Jh??xZD=\K
AACB=@tu?J ;>=\qQ*KIceADL<CDtutuCBCBADER}l}<=b;vHQ?dWBEvZmO?Yce=@;>HK
KJ
CBAm?¦WdKeH*ZD;Xc
?BAm?]c=@KYU?NZD;R=\O"CB=b;XK
HCBEeCBH*cHKe=&CgwCBAD=&KL=\Q*?NMhQCBAD;RCBQ&j
¥g?BAD=bCB;>HFCB=\=@?BAmZCBAa?wICBAD=b;[WVO
E>CBAY=bK=bQ?klADK
w
Q?V=
MhG Z~OWBQC]ZD}<=bQ?_WiC]Zm?GKLH O"FxU*?BAYKLtu;"?]Za}
F© O"CBAADADCB;RH_CVJhQI?C]tuZg;Rw=bQ*AD;XK"KeO"A;R==\rceK K"t "?B?iAgAD}M wO
ADHK
HIQICB;vUQ;>}
=bU*;XK
?dHWBCVKOL<Zm?uAD?BKIFL<CBHIADACB;R=\CVO"JAm?u?`KKL¢L¢=bAmQ*?V?"?ituE>CB;[=bc
;[KKPt HyZNXØ K¿BL¢Ç =bQ*?¿BÇBwIÎËAÍ K
Kew
Q?B?BAN=NØ
¿BM Ç GVjh¿BÊXÎ
Q*Á ~? }
CVWBO
C]Zf=bQ*?u?BKHIL¢=b;[AmWi?B;>=\CBuE*WdCBKeH*H*cxLE>CB;[E[WiZf=bK}=\U*Q*?B? WBCV© OO
Zm?ADCBM H_O
ZDHQ*HIK"CBO"QGEXc;[Zw
UAaC]?ZD;XCBWB;>CBEËERjEv ÑGCB?VH"c?iAgFp=QK? Za=b© EvuO
CBADH_CBH?BERtuCBU*C]KeZgϫADCBCBUI=b٠;[CBK H*Hc
KIK L$H?]=bQc? ;>H© ÏsLbO
CVAD"CBÚ K H&Ajo~KIH L
=bQ*?M O
HHICBQ&j
oD?V=eCBFpFpCVwI7E[?]UZ ?-JP;H"?BK
H=b?]c9;>H=b=bQQ*CB?=GU*M K
O
KH
^
Hj&CBQ¬gQ*;RH¬?VAm?GFp;XCBZYH H*7K;>HceZD;[=bZDCBCVHJ¡AmW]?]?d?VZ{FGWd?BKeH
H*=uL;>KeADFHZ=QI=\;[Q*ZVj<? M © O
HO"HIADCBCBHQ7jgCBklEXZmE[K7?iC]Zm??wEXERKCBK
;>H*^ÐZr;RCBHH*=bKc
WBERCBAD;[Lb;X?]Z=bQ? © O
ACBHÐC]Z;RH =\Q*?WiC]Zm?KLYM¡CBERCB=b} CB^¡CB=b}g|ÅÆ CBÁdR>Á}N¿BÇ;>¿BUIÀXC{Ä CBÆ]H¿BcÌbÌ\ÎXFÌb¿BÇCBHeyK
=\Q*?BAYFCB=b=@?VAmZpKIL
=b
ADZ~CBOH*WBQZDC]WiC]=bZD;[}&KewIHAZVK
j QIST;>HUIK;>=b=;>K
QH?BA<KwILCBA@Fp=<CBKADL$A~M ;RO
H
HJGHIwCBCBQu=@?VtuADHQICB;[WiE$QGK
;[AZgFpWBCBCVER=@E[?]?BcA~HCBE$CVO"HI=b}lK
AN=bQ?A;J¡QK=NAKL@LgK"w
O"AmH?dcen@?V;>H FJrw
MP=bO";[K
HeH«H
Cº;>HQ
wAmKew?BA@=\Y ÌbÇ]Æ b<WBCBHHK =U?N=\ADC]W]?]cr;>H=\Q*? © O
ACBHCVH*cYKeAD;vJ¡;>HICB=@?]cY;RHp=\Q*?NMPO
HHCBQj
oDFwER;[WBCB=b;XK
HGKL)"?BAmZm? d¹e² ¶¡¶G
MPO"ADCBQÑpCBQIE c
KI?]Z¢HK
=lWiE[?VCBADEv K""?BAmn\A~O"EX?=bQ?NAm?dW]KeJ H;R=b;[K
HGKL$MPO"HIHCBQ
C]ceZ;[ZfCBWVH{OZm;RZmH*?]cec?Bw;RHÖ?VH*|c
?BC]H
ZDQI=;>Zf F KeO
`AaWdCB?BFp}ICBCB=<ER;[E[Z?BC]U*Za=K
K;vH-^]ZDK
=\FGQCB?`=A=?dQZD?{w*?d?WV=@wZVj?BADo~=@=<ZxFp;>HÐCVY|U*C]?ceH*;R=bKeQ =@?dERcG;>=@?iLbAAmCBKe=\FO
Am?K
=\CBQ*=u?BA=\Q*U*?K
K ZD=b^CVZuJ?RH*KKe=L
=bW]Q*K ?«E>X?]WBWBE>=bCB;X;RK
F ÌbH¿BÇBKKIÎ[ÇLLY
|=bÇ]AD¿BCBC]ÌbH*ce¿d;>ÁZ~=bFpQ;XZm?VZDe;XCBK
FpH¬;RHLbºA?]¿VK c«Î F CBE><=bQ*|?C]k$ce;RA=bK
Qyw
QU?V?d=GL@K
y
AmM¡?Y¿ Amº?BÆ Wdc
K
KPAmcet`;>HH¡tuJ{CB;>H«Amc =bQ*CB?BH*;RAucÐWBK
WBERERC]E[?]ZmWiZD=b;XLb;[K;[?dH*cÐZ|RwC]CBceAD;R=b=b;XQWVO
E>;RCBHAD=bEvK
ZE>D;R=b=@Am?BKeADH
CB=\JÖO
Aa ?;XZgWBK
H=b;RH
O
D;>}<H J"t j¡?BoDCBHG^ÖWVO
ADAa?VHI=lCBH*W]?VcHI=\L@O"KeA~A~ J}¡?]Ñpc9C] Za;>A~O Øc
c ;>HVjS`oa=uE>UI;[CBZxH;eH*QKPtC]crAmJh?dK
n@KI?Vec`CºtuFK ;>HIA^YCB=bK
;[K
HHÖ=QIKI;[LuZgZ~|xO
C]UceX?];>=bWBQ =Dj
S`-H
?B=bQUKIKIc
chK
`E[tuK"J QPK } ^¡H*U
KP t ZgS`ADj CByU;Xj WNtY
S ?BdE>RCB}lFpWBCB;R} HEXK
w
K
O
^GUE>;>;XH
ZDQ*=@Kq?dc S`EvUU
CBHI ;[ Zt STKeFpAD?i^ADZY;[WB
CBZmH ?]?CBEXZmA~KOZD Mh= =\O cek&;X?]O
ZU;RERH{;[WiCB|x=b;[C]K
ceH;>Zb=\VQ j
yÆdÊ
¿ Ø ¿BÊXÎ
Íq¿dÂmÎXÊ
Ç QC]Z«U*?]?VHÔWdKeH*ZD;Xc
?BAm?]c © CB=b;G
ce?]Lb;RH
;>=b;"?m«;>HÔW]K H*W]?VwI=- yÆdÊ
¿ Ø ¿BÊXÎ
ÍmÎXÀ¿ ÁB¿
FGKZD=bEj Q?VAm?`CBA?KeHE CuL@?at¬|C]ce;>=bQxtuQ;XWVQ_CBAm? yÆdÊ
¿ Ø ¿BÊXÎ
Í mÎXÀ ¼¦¿ Ù R_O
=bCDtuCB=b;RAltYK
AmcU Nt K
AmcBfj
S`Am?]E[ZDZm;XKc
?BHHKeW]?=@?-K=bLqQICB=b=Q?U*?dAmWB?VCVw*OKeZmAD?=@?VAmKZDLx}E>;>CB=GA~J;[Z£?;>H
FO
w*FpKUZf?iZD;>A_UIE[K?L=bAmK'?Vw*WdKeKeA~H*=@?BWdAmKZ_WV=GKILCE>;X?O"=bCD;RH'tuCB=b=bQ;RA_;XZ|FC]CBceH
;R=bH*Q?B}uAfjNce;g"?BQAm?ZD;R=\FsCBKI;>H L
W]K H*ce;R=b;[KeH*ZKLO
=bCDtuCB=b;>A<|xC]ce;>=bQCBAm? ²
C U&j j E>AmCB?BA~wJKe?AH
=@Z$O
FxFpOUZD?B=A<U*K?gLUIAm?VC]w*Zm?]KecAD=@Ke?iAaHGZa} ce;>AD?]Wi=*^hH*K tE[?]chJ?CBH*c=bQ
AmKhOJ¡QGZm?BHZm?w?BAmW]?VwI=b;[KeH}
W cIj j Am?BwKeA=@?VAmZ¢FOZD=U*?O
wAD;JPQI=b}
Am?BwKeA=@?VAmZ¢CBAa?LbAm?]?NLAmKeF Zf?BWB=bCBAD;>CBHpK AlwK E>;R=b;[WBCBEeU;RC]ZKIL&=\QCB==b;>FG? j
Su© W]O"W]ADKCBH&Amcej;>o~H
=<JJ¡=b;KG"?]=\ZQ*w?KFpZD;RCB=b;vX"K
?AD;>=Ë^¡rHKIK tuLgzNEX?]E>chCBJF?BC }=bKIQLg?Yz¦c
Z~?VO
HE>;R}CBE&=bQK?LCVGO=bO
Q=bKeCDtuA;R=\CBr=b;>AKIL<|C]ceO";>=b=bCDQ-tK
CBAN=b;>AgMPO";[ZH
HI?]¨PCBO"Q;;[ZCBE[?]?i¨PHO"=;=KqCBE[?i=bQH? =
=@Kc?iH;>CBE
KL)=bQ*? © O"ADCBHj
y¿BÌbÇdÇ]ÆP Í _¿dÂmÎ[Ê
Ç
U*?dW]KeFG?t ?iE>&^¡HK ;[ZtuCHje^¡;>HQc7?YFKILYCB[|K AC];Rce=\p;>=bQIK}$LtuzNQERCB;XFpWBQÐC;[W]ZKeAmH?VZDw;[c
K
?iADAm=@?d?]ccUeyC]ZDK
Q
HQ
?{O
A¦KeC]AxZ=Xt CYKÖ^¡;RH*WBcK
FxKwLCB H;XÇ]Ke¿dH*ÂZD_}=¿dQÂmÎ[?VÊËH Ç
CBH*c;R=`J¡;v"?dZGZDw*?dWVO
E>CB=b;"?^¡HK tuEX?]chJ?B}gH*Ke=w*KIZD;>=b;"?^ H*KPtuE[?dchJh?Pj<S¦QIC]c7|xC]ce;>=\Q X;RHÐFpKZD=YWBC]Zm?dZ
Am?BwKeA=@?dcÐU
7CZD;RH
J¡E[?WdK
FwICBH;[K H¬CºHctQ;[WiQ'ce;[cÐHK
=U?]WBK F?t ?iE>Xnb^¡HK tuH;>H¬=bQ?¤ÖK
A±
JAm?B?BwHKe?BAAD=@CB?d=b;[cK H*U
Z\G{Aac
?iKIE>;RCB?]UZqE[?H*KeAm?V=xwJPKe;A"=@??VAmZDw*}<KI;RZD=¦;>=b?];"Za=b?CºUI^¡E>H;[ZaK Q*tu?]ZEX?]CchJA~? O"jNEX?pKICBL[K E>CDADt;>=\ jlMeKKeLFd?xO
ADQ;[ZDK
=@ZEXc-QC]K
WiEX=bcÖ;>H JG=bQIO"CB=pwKe;XLxH-S¦S`QQC]C]c9c;[;XZZ
K
HIEvYw
Aa?dL@?iACBUIE[?Pj S¨h;[ceCBQXU*?BER;[?dL@ZbNK A|C]chOcXwAm?]ZfWVA;RU?]cw O"HI;[ZDQIF?VHI=[NZDQK"O"EXcH*K =lU?UC]Zm?dcGKeH
S`QC]cY|C]ce;R=bQ&j
omLC|C]ce;R=bQ-;[ZHCBADADCB=?dc_U CYH O"FU?BA`KLgHICBADACB=bK
AmZCºHc=Q?BAD?;XZ`C]c
ce;>=b;XK
HICBEt K Amc
Z;>HZK F?xKL
=bQ*?VF}
=bQ*?VHG;R=ZDQKeO
E[cU?E[K
K ^?]c;RH=bKtuQ*?i=Q?BA=\Q*?|xC]ce;>=bQtC]ZNKeAD;vJ¡;>HICBE>vO"=b=@?iAm?]c;>HGK
H?`ZD;>=b=b;RH
J
j
oDH=bQCB=lWiC]Zm?B}e=bQ?t KeAmc
ZHCBA~ACB=@?dcYU
`FpK Aa?HCBA~ADCB=@KeAaZ)tu;>EXE
U?C]W]W]?VwI=@?]c jo~FpCBFÓCBE>;R^rce;XcHK
=&Am?iEv
KS`
HqQC]STcQI|C]cC]ce|;R=bC]Qce;>=@=bKQI}U*;XL?G;R=CVO
tu=\Q*C]ZK
AD;>H{;R=bCBWB=bK;v"H*?qLE>;>;[HWi=wtuAD;>;R=bHQWB;>=bwIQE[?`?qwI;[L`AC]AmWV?V=bw;XW]K
?A@=@K?dL<c-U _C]ceAm;RH?BE>CB;RCBQ&UjeEX-?GKAm?BZ~w=K oDAF=b?BCBAmFZVj$ZNWBK CBH*[K
ZDAD;Xc
;R=
-?BAm?]Kc L
zNE>CBFCGc
KH*K
=;>H*Za;[ZD=`KeH"?BADUICB=b;>F =ADCBHZDFp;XZmZD;XK
HÖ Í\½ Ø ¿VÎ[Ê mÎ[À ¼¦¿ Ù KILgS`QC]cIjADCBHZDFp;XZmZD;XK
H7KLC
wCBAD=&KL|C]ce;R=bQ;[Z¢w*?VADFp;R==@?dce};XL&;R=;[Z<HK =;>HGWBK
H*LE>;XWB=
tu;R=Q=\Q*?NLO"ERE|C]ce;R=bQ&j
yÆdÊ
Ê
¿BÌ\ÎXÀ [WdKeHH*?dWV=@?]c Ò¦Çd¿VÎ
ÍG¿BÀXÄ Æ]ÊXÊ
¿BÌ\Î[À
ce;XZmW]KeHIH?]Wi=@?]c |C]ce;R=bQ&²®QICB=-;[Zs=bQ*?ce;[L~L@?BAm?VHW]?
U*?i=Xt ?]?VH×O"=\=bC]ZD;RE{
WdK
H
H*?dWB=b?]c CVH*cYQCB;RACBE[nbO
=b=C]Za;>E
ce;[ZmWdK
HH?]Wi=@?]cd|C]ce;>=bQ-O"=bCDtuCB=b;RAD}
O ZaQQ
O
AYCBH*c«S¦QIC]cCBAm?G^¡;RH*c
ZKIL_O
=b=bC]ZD;REQC]ce;R=bQ&j&O
AaZaCBE>}OceÆ ÍCBÌbE¿BÀ CBHc_O
H*¨hCB=b;CBAm?CBAD;[KeO*Z
=\w?]ZKL rQCB;>ACBE[nO"=b=bC]ZD;REN|C]ce;R=bQ&j<SuW]WdKeAace;RH
J=KFCB[K A;R=\} Fp?iCBH*Z=\QCB=YC-Z~OW]W]?dZmZmK A
KRL¢CB|UI;>C]Dce}*;>=bHIQCBADcAKCB=@H?dZNKe=<CYC]|W]WdC]?Vcew;R=b=$Q=Qtu?`;>=bQK"O"O"Am=ZDCBFEIC]?iZNH
=b?V;[eK
;[HIc
;>?BH HJpW]?P=Qj?oDFH
CBCBFF?YSTKQ
LFWBC]K
cFCBwIH*CBcH;[oDK FH*CBZVFj
M¡CBQI[KC]LbAD;R;>;*=\rc
KKILH*KezN=<E>CBAmF?iEvC
K
HÐO
AaZaCBEgO"HIE[?dZmZAm?Bw*K A@=@?dc7UeLbCBFGKeOZGZ~O WdW]?dZmZmK
AD}N?V
?BHÖ=\Q*?iH O
AmZDCBENQCV
?=@KF?d?V=rWd?VAD=bCB;>H
W]K H*ce;R=b;[KeH*ZxC]ZxF?iH
=b;[K
H?]c;RH UKIK
^ZKeHyz¦Z~Æ O
Á E
j¿BoDÊXFÎ CBF STU O7|CBH;XLbC_CBHc7oDFCBF {CBER;>^CBAm?_EX?]ZmZ
ZDZD=b;RH
AD;>J¡H E[J?x?BFpH=<;XZm;RZDH_;RH
=\J_Q*?iE>;>;RANH^C]WdZmWBK
?BFGw
=b?DCBtuH*WdQ?u?BAmKI?L<KILgO"=AmQZD?YCBEËFj ;[c
ceE[?xKLgAm=b?]QL~?B?AmZNWVQ=bKCB;RH&C`j |yC]Æ ceº;>=b¿BQxÀ ;[tuZQ*CKI|Zm?uC]ceWV;>QI=bQ«CB;>H;>HGKtuL<HIQICB;[WiADQ-ACB=b=Xt K
AmK Z
W]K H*Zm?dWVO
=b;v"?E>;RH^Z¢CBAm?gFp;XZmZD;RH
J
j
Å¿BÇBÎXÇ q¿BÅÌb¿B¿dÇBÁ ÎXÇ
Y¿VÎPÈ Q?|C]ce;>=bQGQIC]ZgCBE[ZfKU*?]?VH_WiE>C]ZmZa;[Lb;X?]c;RH=@KGMhCBQ;>QI}
|C]ZDCBHCBH*c pCB;XLDj© |xCch;v=Q
;[ZWBCBERE[?dc X=bQCV=;[Z?f"Wd?BE>X?BHI=<;>H_=@?iA@FGZNKLg¨PO"CBER;>=\pK
LHCBADADCº=@K AmZNn<HK =<;>H_=\Q*?YZm?VHZm?uKIL CB=b;*K A
CBU*ZfK
EvO
=@?BEsWdKeADAa?dWV=
D}N;[Lx;>=x;[ZAm?BwK A@=@?]cU -Q;X¨¡CB=pqMhCB¿BUÌ\¿d;R=\Á O"H XQ;vJ¡QIEvy=bA~OZD=Xt K
A~=bQ
ºGK
AU
«Q;[¨hCB=
X=bA~O Za=Xt K
A~=bQ
ºHCBADADCB=K AºjS |xC]ce;>=\Q7;[ZxW]KeH*Za;[c
?BAm?dc ;XL`CBFGK
H
J-=bQ?HCBADADCB=K AaZrCBAa?;RH*WiEvOc
?]c
XXCB=bA~wO"CB=\ADQ*=_LO"LEADK
}F M¡C]ce=b;XQ¨?7¦WBCBCBQI=@;>?FJKeXA=b;XA~?]O"Z-=\Q*KILLGO"E
HIU CBO"A=lADCVWd=@KeK
FpAmZFK;>=@LZM¡?BCBADAQIK ;>Q¬A<CB|HC]cce;R=bQC]-¨hU
ZmO
KeE&FGXC]?W]Wdw?V?VwAa=@Zf?]KecrH*Z=QItuCB=&Q;[K¬Z=\Q*CBAm?B?Am?Mh;[ZC]ceH;[¨K
wAmCBK
>KIQ LuO"E<=bQIwCº?B=AmZmQ*Ke?HÐ;[Zx>=bQIO
CBH=NAD;[?BZTER;>CBO"UHIEX^¡?mVH*j<KPStuH-|xw*C]?iceAm;>Z=bKQÐHy;[ZG;RHyWBK=b?BH*ADZDFG;Xc
Z`?BAK
?dLc ;[c
?iH¿VÎ =b;>=Ë;[_LYK
CBA`FpW]K KeH
H*JychO=bQWB=
?`AmK ?BA`wK;[LA@=@=b?iQ*Aa?VZxAm?CBAm;X?ZCBCBH
He
§C]ZD;
¨R;XK
E>CB=@K AKLCBH ¦;>FwK
AD=bCVH=wADC]WV=b;XW]?m<K AlCBH ¦E>;RCBAºj
!#"%$&('%')'
*,+.-0/123%453621%17 98./5 #-
:<;>=@?BACEDGFIHJ;7F=LKMKONP=@;RQSKONETVUWHJTVUYX)=LZ\[>=LK0[C^]_FGCB=@;7F`PaDbAEDcPJF#Fd[)PfeHgKb=Lh<KMC9NEDMhgPgKiC7j6kMKbT@HJ?BlEFd[)PmnNEDbHJ;
HJ;)oBFI[Pqp^NE;E;HJ[sr\t0[7=VK#]uCNTLoBDMPgZvN=wDYPxN;oEPJDMKbFIHJ;o9=@;EynFz[P{m|NDbH};~HJ;oFI[Pqp^NE;;7H[=r Pvr lEFI[PJ=@DFGP}\F
HJ;)o?>PJHJ;7=@; y,Cj
Fz[PJ=wDuFGP\FGK}r%:{KKONhJ[HAPJDMKMC9;]q[CR]{HJ;7FGKnF`C=@;EFGPaDGADMPaFSFd[)PmnNEDbHJ;HJ;)oFd[)P
pvN;7;HJ[BHJFH};E<TVPPJT%L=w;oEPaAEFI[C9D0C Fz[PJDd]{=VKPM]uCNTLoDMPJZvN=wDMPFI[)Pf\;)Cv]{TVPo
y
PCj(:<DcHJe7=VhfT@HJ; yNEH}yP^r
X)C DSFd[=LK<DMPJHgKMC9;7l6QT@HJ?BHC7jQSKONET=w;)hJTN oEPFd[)PhaT@HgKMKb=LjI=LhgHJFI=LCE;C7j#]uC DYoEKHJ;oN;oEP}DYKYFIHJ;)o9=@; yFd[)Pa=@D
?>PJHJ;=w;Ey{=w;FI[PSKYFdN o
xC7j6QSKcNTLUIHJTVUYX=VZ
[%r
kb;7FGP}DcAEDMPaFIHJFI=VC9;B=VK6;C9F%;CEDO?HJTwT<HJFIFGPJ?BAEFGPgon=Lj%FI[PiFGP}\F%=wF`KPJTVjs=VKKMPTVjOUGP}9=VoEPJ;7FbrBC^]uPPJDbl9Fz[Piy\DMPJHJFGP}D
AHJDbFC7jX=VZ
[>CED0TwHb]_=VKioEPJDb=EPgoFz[7DYCNy\[>=;7FGPJDGA7DMP}FIHJFI=VC9;Be)PghaH}N KP?CKbF#CjsFI[)PfTVP}y\HJTEFGPFGK6;C9FKMPaTVjOU
P}9=VoEPJ;7Fbr.kOFxKY[C9NETVoe)PB;CEFGPoRFI[HJFtHb]{=wTL=@;FGPaDbAEDYPaFIHJFz=LCE;9{HJ;otHgjOKb=@DBP}A7T@HJ;HJFI=LCE;\q=VKq;)C9FFd[)P
KbHJ?>PqFI[=@; yErtiHgjGKb=wDHJ=@?>KfHJFP}9AT@HJ=w;=w;EyFd[)Pq?PaHJ;=@; yCEjFI[)P
y\=Pa;RF`PF0HJ;o>oEPgo
NhJ=@; yH{|N^NE?
LDONTLPMjWDcCE?=@F]{=wFI[=@;FI[PhJCE;jI=@;PgKnCj
=@FGKnKMPa;FIPJ;)hJPK}r%tiHb]{=@TL=@;7FGPJDGA7DMPJFIH}FI=VCE;\qyC7PgKqe)PCE;)oFd[)P
T@=wFGPJDbHJT>?>PJHJ;=w;EyCjFz[PFGPvFHJ;)o e7Dc=w;Ey¡CNF[7=VoEoEPa;?>PJHJ;7=@;Ey\ln]{[7=Vh}[¢=LK£CjWFGP};e7HgKMPgo¤C9;
KbAPgh}NET@HJFI=PfDYPaHgKMCE;7=@; y{HJ;)onkb¥@FI=w[Hgo7r
:<T@T<]uC DMoEKHJDYPA7DcPgKcN?>Pgo FIC¡hC9;EPFI[)PJ=wDHJe)KCETNEFIP_@¦NEFIT@HgZblnyPJ;PJDbHJT~:x?B?{H;o T@=@FGPaDbHJT
LHJ\=w= ?PaHJ;=@; yNE;TVPKMK<oEPJA7HJDGFdNEDMP{FICRHJTwFGPJDG;7HJFI=P|=VK¥ NKbFI=VjW=VPgo7r#L§=LKMh}NKMKb=LCE;C7j0FI[PKMPqFGPJDO?K]{=wT@T
hgC ?P
T@HJFGPaD=w;~FI[7=VKo9=VKMhN KMKY=VCE;9}rkMj¨FI[PnPATwHJ;HJFI=VC ;~CED¨tHb]{=wT(C7jiCE;P<A7HJDbF0Cj6Fd[)PqmnNEDbHJ;~HJ;oBFz[P
pvN;7;HJ[~=LKADcC=VoEPoB=@;HJ;CEFd[)PJDAHJDOFC7j#FI[)P<m|NDbHJ;>HJ;o>pvN;7;HJ[lE=wF=LKhJHJTwTVPo©(ª «\¬d®%©%ªJ¬I¯^®wFI[7HJF=@K
hgC ;)Kb=LoEPJDMPgo|=@;FGPy\DcHJT9AHJDbFC7j%Fd[)PTwHb]r\Cv]uP}PaDbl=LjstHgjGKO=wDCED#tiHb]{=@TEFIHJ9PFz[P;7HJFdNDMPCj#C9A=@;7=VC ;C9D
kb¥wFI=@[Hgo9l#FI[=LK<=LK<;)C9FhgC9;)KY=VoEPJDMPoR=@;EFGPyvDbHJT#AHJDbFCjfFz[PTHb]°LFI[)PBKbFIH}FdN KqCjfFz[7=VK<A7HJDbFC7jTwHb]=LK<TVPKK
FI[HJ;>FI[P<jI=wDYKYF0C9;)PJlEFI[P}DMP<=VK?CEDMP{o9=LjGjOPJDMP};)hP<HJ?C ;Ey¥ NDb=LKbFGKCE;Fz[7=VKiA7HJDbFC7j6T@Hb]}rkb;EFGPaDGADMP}FIHJFI=LCE;
LFIHb]{=wT hJHJ;e)PDMPJTLP}HJ;7Fbr^t[7=VKiF±AP<Cj#tiHb]{=@T7=VKiHghhgPaAFGPJoBeEnHJT@T±rCv]uP}PaDbl=@;EFGPaDGA7DYP}FIHJFI=LCE;~haHJ;>e)P
PaDG.jWHJDMUGjGPaFGh}[)Po>]{[7=Vh}[=LK{;C9FSHghhgP}A7FGPgoRe HB?HJ¥LCEDb=Fd.Cj<Kh}[)CETwHJDjGC D{P}HJ?BATLPJl0KMPJPBHgKY[=@?
² HJ?HJTw=V³ KBe)C7CECEDHJ; C9FI[P}DFGP}9F<e)CECE£C9;´QSKONT }r0µiHJ[=wDc=KMhJ[CET@HJDMK>o9C;CEF{;C Db?HJTwTHghhgP}AF
=@;7FGPJDbAEDMPJFIH}FI=VC ;%rgCv]uP}EPJDbl\Fd[=VK¨A)C7Kb=@FI=LC9;=LK]uPaHJ{HJ;)o|=?A7DcHgh}FI=LhJHJT±r
¶TVPaHJD<]uCEDMoEK HJDMP~CjnjICNDF±APgKbliHghhJCEDMo9=@; y,FGCH~?BHJ¥VC DhJTwHgKMKb=VjW=VhaHJFI=VCE;sr#t[)PHJDMP~µHJ[=@Dbl·HgKMKYl
¦ N jWHgKMKbHJD6HJ;on¦N[7\HJ?~r\¸6ªJ¯J±®L?BHJ;=VjOPgKbF¨=VK6H¨]uCEDMo]{[7=Vha[[7HgK6HShaTVPJHJD#?>PJHJ;=w;Ey{HJ;oqvP}F%CEAP};FIC
tHb]q=@T@lADb=@?BHJDb=@T.e)PhJH}NKMP>FI[P>?>PJH};=w;Ey=VKn;CEF=@;[HJDG?>CE;9B]{=@FI[FI[P>hgC9;7FGP}\Fbr%¹~ªJ¬I¬=LKnH~hJTLPJHJD
]uC DYoFd[HJFi=VK=w;[HJDb?C ;E<]{=wFI[Fz[PhJCE;EFGPFIleENEFKbFI=@TwTCEAP};F`C.tHb]{=wTrEti[)Po9=LKbFI=@;hJFI=VC9;e)P}FL]uPPJ;
µiHJ[7=@DBHJ;)o·BHgKMKB=LKq]{[)PaFI[)P}DFI[P~?>PJHJ;7=@; y=LKB=@;5[HJDO?C ;9~]{=@FI[5FI[PhJC ;EFGP}FnC9D{]q[)P}FI[)P}DBFd[)P
?>PJHJ;=w;Eyn=VKADb=?BHJDG{CEDiKMPJhgC9;o9HJDO{=@;BFz[PFGPFhgC9;hgP}Db;PgoKMPPSPHJ?ATLP=@;BNKONETEFGP}F%eC7CEKW}rgti[)P
CEe =VCN Kq?>PJHJ;7=@;Ey.C7j<µiHJ[=wD<HJ;)oR·BHgKMKnKb[C9NETVoeP>jGCETwTVCv]uPgo,N;7TVPKMKqFI[PJDMP=LKqDYPaHgKMCE;FIC]{HJDbDcHJ;EF
DMPghC9NEDYKPnFGCtHb]q=@Tr7º0BtHb]q=@TiL=@;FGPaDGA7DYP}FIHJFI=LCE;\bls:S?B?¢?H}>e)PKYA)Pgha=VjW=VPgo9l#¦NFITwHgZ?H}ePn?BHgoEP
¦N Z
H}g^Hgo9lHJ\=L\=?>PJHJ;7=@; y~?H}ePnHJeHJ;oC ;)PJoR=w;jdH}C D<¦.HJ»HJ»g=±rp9PgPPHJ?BATVPK=@;N KcNT#FGP}\F
e)C7CEKW}rg·HgKKblHJA7HJDbFjIDbCE?&Fd[)PfHJeC9EP?>PJHJ;7=@;Ey<[HgK¨HJ;)C9FI[PJD#=@?BACEDbFIH;7F?PaHJ;=@; y<N KPgone uXENZ
HJ[H
]{[7=VhJ[ ?>PJHJ;)KoEPgjW=@;=wFI=PFGP}\FC9D>DONET@=w;Ey CjFI[)PmnNEDGHJ; HJ;)opvNE;;HJ[ ]uPHJDMP;CEFnNKb=w;Ey£FI[=LK
?>PJHJ;=w;Ey{[PaDYPb}r
«vªJ¬I¬Iª®{wNE;)PZ^NE=wChaHJT nHJ;)og¯ª LAPJDMKbA7=Vh}NC9NKInHJDMPn]nCEDMoEK]{[CKMPB?>PJHJ;7=@;Ey=LKnHJe)KMC TNEFGPJT
Jh TLPJHJDHJ;)oFI[PJDMPn=LK;CR;PgPoF`CFIHJPnDMPhgC9NEDMKMPqFGCtHb]{=wTrLPaDMPn=VKFd[)Po9=LjGjOPJDMPJ;hPnePJFL]uPPJ;RFd[)PgKP
]uC DYoEKHJ;o>µiHJ[=wDHJ;)o·HgKKI}r9t0[)PJDMPq=VKf;CDMPJHJT%o9=VKbFI=w;)haFI=VCE;e)PaFL]uPgP};R¦N jWHgKMKbHJDHJ;)o¦~NE[
HJ?¢=@;
FGPJDb?>KCjhJTwHJDc=wFdr{BC^]uPPJDblFI[P ¥NEDb=VKbFGK[H}P ?Hgo9P Ho9=VKbFI=w;)haFI=VC9;¤ePJFL]uPP};¦NE[\HJ? H};)o
¦N jWHgKMKbHJDbl\]q[=Vha[~CE;P=VKiTw=@HJeTLPFGCBHJeEDMC9y\HJFI=VC ;>H;oq]x[7=Vha[~C9;)P=VK;CEFbr^t0[)Px[CETLo¦NE[\HJ?=LKi;CEF
T@=wHJeTLPFGC_HJe7DMC9y\HJFI=VC9; HJ;)o ¦~NjIHgKKbHJDR=VKRTL=@HJe7TVPFGC_HJeEDMC9y\HJFI=VC ;%r|Cv]uP}EPJDbl<FI[)P}DMP=LKR;)C9FB?N ha[
AENEDbA)C7KMP=w;&FI[)Po9=VKbFI=w;)haFI=VC9;&ePghaH}N KMP;C Fz[7=@;Ey_hJHJ;_e)PHJeEDMC9y\HJFGPo ;C^]rdXCEDP}9HJ?A7TVPgKYl|KPJP
² HJ?HJTw=V³ K6eCCE}r
Q;)haTVPaHJD]uC DYoEK w:xT:<TVjWHJ»
[7HJ=@DbHJT
Hgo9=@[HMHJDMPC7jjOC9NED>FdAPK.U ² [HgjW=VC e)KMhNDMPbbl¦~NKb[7\=@T
o9=VjOjI=Lh}NET@Fbl¦N¥w?HJT6LHJ?Be=EHJTVPa;FfHJ;)o>¦NEFIHgKb[HJe7=@[LFz[Pnkb;7FzDb=VhaHJFGPM}r@KMPPnoEPJFIHJ=@TLKHJ;o~PHJ?A7TVPK=w;
FI[)PFGP}\Fe)CECE9K0C9;QSKONT Mr
=@;KbFIHJ;)hPJl#Fz[P<]nCEDMop
HJDc=LZwFI[=VPj<=LK
N;hJTVPaHJD<HgKqF`C]{[PJFI[P}D{=wF=@;hJTNoEPgKqHA7=Vha\A)CEhaPJFbr7t[7=VK<[7HgK
=@?BA)C DGFIHJ;7F6=@?BAT@=LhJHJFI=LCE;~ePghaH}N KMPq=Lj0A7=Vha\AChaPJF=VKf;CEF6=@;hJTN oEPoLHgKfFz[P<?BHJ¥VCEDb=wFdu[)C TVoEKIiFI[P};l7[)P
]uCNTLoR;)C FePTw=@HJe7TVPFGCHgoEoLFd[HJF=LKbl#AENE;=VKY[?>P};F0A7DMPgKMhaDc=we)Po~=w;Fd[)PmnNEDbHJ;C9D{pvN;E;7HJ[eENEF
]{=wTVTse)PqT@=wHJeTVP|F`CtHJ»=@D{LA N;7=VKb[E?>PJ;EFADbPgKMhaDc=we)PoBeEFz[P|TVP}y\=LKbT@HJFI=PnH}NEFI[)CEDb=wFd|=w;RFz[P{AEDMPKMPJ;EFio9H}
]uC DcTLo9lSA N;7=VKb[7?PJ;EF|yv=PJ; eE¥No
y
PK>=w;Fd[)PRA7HgKbFr ¬I¯ E {o9=LjGjW=Vh}NET@F=VK>H]uCEDMo]{[7=Vh}[[7HgK
KMPPJDbHJT?PaHJ;=w;EyK}rpCRkb¥wFI=@[7Hgo>HJ;)otHb]{=wT9]uC9NETVoe)PqDMPgZvN=wDYPo>=w;,oEPaFGPJDb?B=@;EyBFz[PuhC9DbDYPh}F0AC7Kb=@FI=LCE;
=@;FI[)P>hC9;FGP}\FwFI[PJDMPB?BH}.eP~o9=LjGjOPJDMPJ;hJP~Cj<C A=w;=VC9;=@;Fz[7=VKnHJDMPJHM}r#¦N Kb[7\=@T=VKn=w;[PJDMPJ;EFIT.HJ;
HJ?Be=y^NC9NK]uCEDMo9lE]q[)PJDMPaHgK ² [7HgjI=%[7HgKHhJTVPaHJDeHgKY=Vhn?>PJHJ;7=@;EyErE:&FGPF0?BH}e)PhJCE?>P{¦NKb[
=@T%=w;
FI[)PnP=LKbFGPJ;hgPqCjihJCE;jIT@=LhJFI=w;EyFGPvFKPgPqFz[PnhJCE;)jWT@=LhJF0=w;>PaDMKM
P HJ;)
o "!>hJ=wFGPgo>e ² HJ?BHJT@==w;
[=LK0kMKYT@HJ?B=V$h #gNEDb=VKbA7DON oEPa;)hgPb}r
%&ª'%oEPa;)C FGPgKH]uCEDMoC9DSFIP}Fs]{[=LhJ[=LK=@;E[PJDMP};FITuNE;)haTVPaHJDSHJ;o>y\=PgK;CR=@;o9=VhJHJFI=LC9;HgKFICR=@FGK
ADMPhJ=VKP<?PaHJ;=@; yErkOF?BH}u[7H}P{KP}PaDcHJT7?PaHJ;=; y
KfCEDi=@F#?H}{ePNE;)jWHJ?=wT@=@HJD#]uC DMoC D0FI[)PTwHb]<y\=wPJD
?BH};)C9Fi[H}EPPA7T@HJ=w;)PgoFI[P]uC9DMoF`ChaT@HJDb=Vj`=wFbr%X)C D=@;KbFIHJ;)hPJl%Fd[)P]nCEDMoEK<KONhJ[HgKqp\HJTwHJ[l#HJ¥@¥wl
( =weHqHJ;)o~p
=@HJ?r9t[P}u[7H}PqTVC7KbF6FI[PJ=wDT@=wFGPJDbHJT?PaHJ;=@; yHJ;)o>FIHJ9PJ;RH<FGPgh}[7;=VhaHJT?PaHJ;=@; yy\=Pa;Re9
FI[)P T@Hb]<y\=EPJD}r~Cv]uP}PaDblFz[PgKMP ]uC9DMoEK [H}P ePhgC9?>P FICEFIHJT@T hJTLPJHJD_C9D¦NjIHgKMKYHJD o
NP FGC
P}9AT@HJ;7HJFI=VC ;)KiA7DcC99=VoEPgo=@;RFd[)Pnp^NE;E;HJ[sr\ti[)Pi]nCEDMo:xTLUIZ\HJDb=wHJ[.=w;RFI[)PEPJDMKMPg K )* g+U !u=LKHq?NE¥@?BHgT
]uC DYo7rC^]uPPJDbli=@Fq[HgKBePgP};PA7T@HJ=w;)Pgoe9Fd[)PRm|NDbHJ;=wFGKMPJTLjnHJ;)o[HgKBePghJCE?BPhJTLPJHJD}r0kMjnFd[)P
P}9AT@HJ;7HJFI=VC ;£ADbC9=LoEPgoeEFz[PT@Hb]<y\=wPJD=VK=@;)KcN jbjI=LhJ=LPJ;FIli¦~NE¥@?BHJTiFdNDb;K=w;FGC¦NKb[
=@T#]{[=LhJ[5=VK
CEAP};FIC kY¥@FI=@[7HgoHJ;)otiHb]{=@T±r ,ªJ¬I¯gª -ML¯kb;7FIDc=LhJHJFGPbB=@KBHB]uCEDMo]{[C7KMP?PaHJ;=@; y=LKBHR?nvKbFGPaDOr
HJDMjdNET%¦NZ\HJFIFIHJHJF<KONhJ[HgKf:<T@=L/j .6HJ?¢¦.=w?ufHJDMP{¦NEFIHKY[HJe=w[HJFbrE·>C9e)Co
\;C^]uKfFI[PJ=wD?>PJHJ;=w;Ey
LATLPJHgKMP>KPgPHJDb=VCN KnC9A7=@;=LCE;K<DMP}y\HJDMo9=@; y.Fd[)PNKMPC7jFz[PgKMPq]nC9DYoEKq=w;FI[PFGPvFfe)CECE9KuC9;5QSKcNT }r
¦RHJ;EKh}[)CETwHJDMK[CETVoFI[H}F0A7HgKMKbH}yPgK<C7jiFz[PnmnNEDbHJ;]q[=@hJ[o\DbHb]DMPgKMP}?BeTwHJ;)hP{ePaFL]uPgP};R?BHJ;RHJ;)o
BCo HJDMP ¦~NEFIHgKb[7He7=@[HJFbrp9C9?P KMhJ[C T@HJDMK[CETLo Fz[PJDbP=LK;)C¦NFIHgKY[HJe=w[HJFPhgPJAEFHJDON j`NT
¦N Z
HJFIFIHJHJFbr^¦~NEFIHgKb[7HJe=@[7HJFo9Cn;)C9F%Chh}NED6=@;Fd[)PTVP}y\HJT9FGP}FGKr
"!$#%!$&('*),+-'.#/1032'5464784:9!*;$<>=?<?;$+A@BDC(EF G>HJILK
ENMPONGQERTS5MUIWVXEDRY(ZAENKDI:[V"ENC(\NY]AC^I
ZA_P]`Y(Y^M,R?MaI`\MPODGbEdceFfFhg,iTIAOJIjC^]A_ k]AOJ\LlH]`Y(Yg,Y^K
IAZAMaR?MUZmkjnopqMaYr]`Y^MUZ:]A_U_tsQ]pVuENC(\fV"HMUZ:HvH]`Y]
Y^MPONw*_UIxFQI:]AODMyOzw{]AOJ\V"HMUZAH]AKDK_yMUI6Y|G?E}Ff]AOsG>HDMyOzw5Y^[O
EG_yMyFfMyGbI6\LMyOON~NFrJI:C []O
\LMyGMPOJZA_t~z\NI6Y
IjSNIACsG?HMyONwG?EV"HMUZAHLMyGMUY
]AKDK_yMUZ:]ArD_aI$nOJY^]AOgaHN~NFf]AO{rJI:MyONw`k| VH
EDIjSNIAC ]ACWIfIj]AFKD_aIERcFFn
HJIAOG>HJI]ACG?MUZ:_UIc_gaGH
I(kKCWI6ZAI`\NI6Y]ODE~NOD[NG>HJIOJEo~oOfrJI6Z`EFI`YcFfFg,Y(I`II5]AFKD_aIMyOG>HJIGbIj5G
rJEEN}$~DENG?MPONwvN *[I:GbZ$n kjnHDIxcC ]ArMUZIm5KC I`YmY^MUEzOJY$]AFfMega]A_P_ k^[l]`RbR8]AHga]A_P_ k^[l~o_a_ga]A_y_P[IAODG?MPC(I(k
V"H
IAOKNC(I`Z6I`\NIENCY ~zZ6Z`I`I6\]V|ECW\[NG>HJIV|ENC(\|rJI6Z`EFIAYcFFn$cOMyO
\NI`R8MyODMPGbIV"ENC(\ga]A_a? f]AN¡bC^]AH5k
V"H
IAO}~DY(I6\{GbE}ZAEzONSoIsGH
IfOJIjw*]AG?MtSoIr
I`ZAENFfI`Y
cFFnBJENC
MyOJYWG?]AOJZAIfG?HJIf¢T]`\MyG?H¤£ ¥P¦T§¦6¨¦6¨©
¦
¥y¦
§(ª,¨¦6¨«ªa¥J¬>?¥P¦j®u£NgaO
EHD]AC^F¯YWHD]A_y_rJI|MPOJR?_PMUZ:GbI`\[ODEHD]AC^F°YbH]A_y_r
I|]`Z`Z6IAKGbI`\6k^[±yYmIAI
~zY ~o_GbI5GrJENEz5Y?²mn
HJIAO³]}Z`EFfFf]AOJ\7MUYMaY(Y~DI`\7rNs}cFFqVuEzCW\NYW[MyGY^H]A_y_
rJIL]AKDK_yMaZA]ArD_aILGbE´]A_y_
MyGf]AKNKD_yMaI`Yjn^O
\NIAGbI:CbFfMyOMyONwG?H
I"Y(ZAEzKJIEDRcFfFf[NCWI6RbI:CWIjO
Z`IpMUYFf]`\NIOJEzGµEzOD_¶s|G·ExGH
IC~N_UI`YEDR%G?H
I_P]AONw$~o]jw5I
rN~NG
]A_UYmEGbEG?H
I~DY^]jw5IERG?HJIpKJI6EKD_UI6¸
]jOJ\MPO{ZA]`Y(I|EDRZ6EOJR?_PMUZ:G?[KDC^MyENC^MPG>s¹MaYw*M¶SoI:OGbExG?HJI
_y]AG?GbIjCjncFF
ZA]AOfrDIERºpG,s$KJI`Y»
](k crJYmEN_¶~NGbIA_tsw5I:OJIjC^]A_±tC(I`RWnAHDIVuEC(\NY¼(Ff]FMPOQ\]ArNr]AG?M¶O¼MPO¢|~D\½*½. ¾A²
r5k cFfF¿V"HMUZAHfMUY%FIA]AONGG·ETMyFK_¶s¹± c_oFfC ]AOx.À*Á:²(n
Z(k cOLcFFV"HMUZAHLHD]`Y
r
IAIAO-Y^KDI6ZAMUR8MUI6\vI:_UY(IWV"HJI:CWI{±PY(I6I|Â]`*]AC^]AH*5Ã]AO
\cHDÄ6]Ar5À
GbEow5IAG>HJIAC^[5YmI`I]A_UY(E¹~zY ~o_GbIj5G
rDEEN5YRbECENG>HJIACIj]AFKD_aI`Y]AO
\Ij*K_y]AOD]AG?MaENO
Y²mn
H
ITVuEC(\¼(Ff]AO¼gaMPOcC^]ArDMUZFIA]jODMPONwvH
IV
HDE*kMaYflHD]`Y(YTMyO]AKKD_yMaZA]AG?MaENOrN~NGV"H
IjO~zY(I6\}MPO
Z`EzOJ\MPG?MUEOD]A_%Y^KJI6I`ZAHMPGrDI6Z`EFI`YcFFngaC(I6R^nH
Ic_U?Ź~NC ]AOLJÀ$*[½`ÃÆkjnÇÈ`¦A?MaY]VuENC(\
V"HMUZAHÉMUY]AKDKD_PMUI6\GbE]"_PMyFfMyGbI`\xON~NFrJI:CEDRG?HDMPONw5Yrz~oG]AKKD_PMUI`YG?EIjSoI:CsG>HDMyOzwGbETV"HDMaZjHMyGZ:]AOrJI
]AKDK_yMaI`\n
HJIpVuEzCW\NYEzOJI:[GaVuEN[EOJITHN~NOJ\C(I`\[%ÊMPOD]A[*$]AOOD]AHD[FC^]AON[Â3Erzs[%]HDENC(Y(I:[]Hz~oFf]AO
rJI:MyOzw]AC(I7lHD]`Y(YjnËIjw*]A_C~N_UI`Y}EzCvZAENFTF]AO
\NYvZ6EONSoIs.I`\ÌMPOÍYWKJIAZAMaR?MaZGbIACFQYL]AC^I¿\NI`R8MyODMPGbIMyO
]AKDK_yMaZA]AG?MUEzO}]AOJ\]AC(ITOJEGODENCF]A_P_¶sENK
IjOvGbEd]^V
My_,n
HJI:CWITMUYpw5IAO
IAC^]A_]jw*C(I`IAFIjODGGH]AG"lHD]`Y(Y
MUY
ÅT]AG?MJg,\NI6R?MyOMyG?MtSoI(k^[M,n¶I$n`MPGb Y%FIA]AOMyONw"]AO
\
]AKDKD_PMUZ:]AG?MUENOT]ACWIr
Ijs.EO
\\E~NrDGZA_aIA]ACjn
Î _y]AFf]HD]jSoI\MaRbRbI:C(I`\EOTceFTF[6V"HJI:GH
IACMPGMUYÅ]AG?MNENCÏ]AODOM,n6H
IF]AÐaENC^MyG>sHDEN_a\NYMyGG?ErDIÏ]AOODMy[
FfMyOJEzC^MyG>sHDEN_a\NYMyGG·Er
IuÅT]AG?M,nzHDI|C(I`Y ~o_PGEDR3GHMUY\MUYW]Aw*C(I`IAFIAONGrJI6ZAENFI`YZA_aIA]ACMPO{G>HJI|IjSoI:ODGEDR
Z`EzOJR8_yMUZ:GrJIjGaVuI6IAOÉleH]`Y(Y]AOJ\TcFfFnNOG?HDI|ZA]`Y(I
EDRGyVuEC~N_yMyOzw5YEzOG?HJI"YW]AFQIpKDENMyOG?[JEO
IcFF
]AOJ\fENODI
lH]`Y(YgaMyOfG?HJIÅ|~NC^]AOQEzCG?HJIÑ.~oONO]AH*k^[N]`Z`Z`EC^\MyOzwuGbEfG>HJIF]AÐaENC^MyG>s$[
lHD]`YmYEzOD_tsuIj*KD_P]AMyOJY
G?HJIeceFTFnÒMPOJEC^MyG>s|HJEz_U\NYG?H]AGlHD]`YmYY^K
I`Z:MUR?MaI`YG?HDIcFF°g,Y(I6IG>HJI"I5]AFfKD_UIpMyOÉle]AFf]A_yMa YrJEEN
~NOJ\NIACZAEzOJR8_yMUZ:G
rJIAGaV|I`IjO|cFFÌ]AOJ\TlHD]`Y(Y8kjn
c"Z`Z`EzC(\MyONw"G?ET]A_y_y[
lH]`Y(YMUYÅT]AG?M
gPcFFÓMaYOJEG,k^[]`YY~DZjHMyGNV"MP_y_NKC IjS]AMy_DESNIAC%cFFn6c"Z`Z`EC(\MPONw"GbE
FfMyOJEzC^MyG>s`[cFF1MaY]A_UY(EÅT]AG?My[]AOJ\T]`YY ~zZ:HD[cFF³V"MP_y_Dr
IY^KJI6ZAMaR?MUI6\rzslHD]`Y(Y^[NMaRG>HJIGaV"EfC~o_PMyOzwY
]AC(I|ZAHNC(EOJEz_UEw*MaZA]A_y_tsKD]AC^]A_y_aIA_,n
lHD]`YmYV"MP_y_
rJI
]ArCWEow*]AGbI`\fMURcFFMUYEDR_y]AGbI:C3EC^Mtw.MPOncFFÓV"My_P_
rJI
KD]AC^G?MP]A_y_¶s¿Y^KJI6ZAMaR?MUI6\´MURdlHD]`YmYMUY{ERf_y]AGbI:CEC^M¶w*MyOnc"Z`ZAEzCW\MPONwGbE´F]AÐaENC^MyGÔs[
]O´cFF gPw5IAO
IjC^]A_ k
KDC(EK
EDY^MPG?MUEOFf]jser
IYbK
I`Z:MUR?MaI`\TrNs"]\NIjKJIjO
\NIAONGZA_y]j~DY(IV"HMUZ:HF]js"EDZ6Zj~NCMyOfG?HDIY^]AFIGbI5Gg,Y^]AFI
SoI:CWYmIENC|MPO-]AODENG>HJI:C"GbI5Guga]AO
EG?HDIAC
SoI:CWYmI(kjn
HMUY|Ff]jsrJI\NEOJIxrsMyOGC(E\~zZ:MyONw{]AO(Y^G?MUYWOD]{ga]AO
IjNZ`IAKNG?MaENOC I`RIAC(IjOJZ6I"55Ã.`k^[D]"ÑHD]AC^Gg,Z`EOJ\MPG?MUEzOD[NC(IAR^nJ½A6kENCÑ*MaR?]AHLg,$~N]A_aMyG>s[C(I`R^n5ºAkENC
rNsMyO
\MUZ:]AG?MyONwuI*GbIjODGEDR]KKD_PMUZA]AG?MaENOgPw*H]js]AHD[CWI6R^n*Æ
.¾:k(n
H
II`RRbI6ZAGEDRcFfF¤MUYGH]AGMyG
C(IjFf]AMyOJYMyOR?ENC(Z`I~oO_UI`YmYY^K
I`ZAMaR?MaI`\nSoIAOf]`R?GbIjC%KD]AC^G?MP]A_oY^K
I`Z:MUR?MaZA]AG?MaENOD[
cFF C(IjFf]AMyO
Y|_UIw.]A_]j~oG?HDEzC^MyG>sRbECp~oO
Y^KJI6ZAMaR?MUI6\{K
EC^G?MyENOn
c"Z`ZAEzC(\MyONwG·ELG>HJIfFf]AÐUEzC^MyG>s`[%cFF MaY
Y^K
I`Zj~N_y]AG?MtSoI]`Y]TV"HJEz_UI:[V
HJIAG?H
IjCrJI6R?ENC(IEzC|]`R?GbIAC
]A*H
Y^MUYga_yMPFMPG?]AG?MUEzO5k]AO
\}]`YfY~DZAH¿EKJI:O-G?E
]^V
My_,n
HJIZ:]j~zY(Ig,Ñ]ArD]Ar5kERwI:ODIAC^]A_C~o_PMyOzwdZA]AOLODENG_yMyFfMyGG>HJIT]AKDKD_PMUZ:]AG?MUENO}EDRG>HJITCb~N_yMPONwNnBJEzC
MyO
Y^G?]AOJZ6IA[cpYrD]Ar]O} f]AÄA~N_g,Z:]j~zYmI`YERC(IjSoI:_y]AG?MaENO-EDRSNIAC(Y(I`YTEDRG?HJIŹ~NC ]AO*kV
My_y_OJEzG_PMyFfMyGG>HJI
]AKDK_yMaZA]AG?MUEzOEDR_y]^V´rD]`Y(I6\|ENOG?HDI3SoIAC(Y(I3G·ETGH
IZA]j~DY(IENON_ts5n
) ' v'#/
' 5<?/%
@ ,¥P¦ e\NIAO
EGbI`Y]V|ENC(\
VHDMUZ:HMaYOJI:MyG?HDIAC.~o]A_PMURMUI6\fOJEzC_PMyFfMyGbI6\fMyOMPGbY
]AKDK_yMaZA]AG?MUEzOn HJI:OVuIY^]js ]¡rDEDEz5 [MyG]AKNKD_PMUI`Y¹GbE{]AOzsrDEDEzfV"MyG?H
E~NGC(I`YG?C^MUZ:G?MUEOnÒ~NG?_y]`ÉMUY
~NOJY^K
I`ZAMaR?MaI`\É]AOJ\d~oO
$~N]A_yMaRbMaI`\n HJI:OvÒ~NG?_y]`fVuEzC(\{MaY".~o]A_aMUR8MUI6\{rzs]AOJEG?HDIACV"ENC(\{ENCV|ENC(\NY^[%MyG
rJI6Z`EFI`Y A¦ ¦6§AnBJENCMyO
Y^G?]AOJZAI:[J ]C(I`\TrJENEN¶n H
IjC IA]`YceFfF1]AO
\lH]`Y(Y\NIA]A_V"MyG?HY(Z`EzKJIER
G?HJIxVuEzCW\NYW[Ò~NG?_y]`]AO
\Ò~z]js`s$]`\ \NI:]A_V"MyG?H³I`Y(YmIAODG?MP]A_y_ts $~N]`_PMURMUZ:]AG?MUENO gPG?HDE~w*H Ò~NG?_y]`H]`Y
C(I`Y(I:Fr_y]AO
Z`I
GbEcFfF ]AO
\Ò~D*]js6s]`\H]`YC(I`Y(I:FrD_P]AOJZ`I¹G·E lH]`Y(Y?kjncOvIj]AFKD_aIEDRÒ~NG?_y]`MUY
¼ABD]G?]AHDC^MyC~C^]A*]Ar]AG?MyO¼g,R?C(I`I:MyOzw"]eY^_P]jSoI(kMyOÑ.~oC^]ce_a?Ò]AMa\]ug>Æ|5À$6kjn$cOQI5]AFK_UIEDRÒ~z]js`s$]`\MaY
¼R?C(I6IAMyOzwuEDR]rJIA_PMUIS5MyOzwuY^_y]jSoI.¼MyOÑ.~oC^] fMUY^]
ga*À$`kjn
Ò~oG?_P]`fC(IAFf]AMyOJY]ArJYmEN_¶~NGbI
MyO]AKNKD_PMUZ:]AG?MUENO~NOD_aI`Y(YGH
IAC(IMaY]
_yMPFMPG?]AG?MUENOG?E$~N]A_yMaR>sMyGg,Y(I`I|Ij]AFK_UI
MyOGH
IfG·I5G>rJENEN6kjn H
IAOLÒ~NG?_y]`ÉMUYT$~N]A_aMUR?MaI`\LMPODGbELÒ~D]js`s]`\[G?HJIf_P]AG?GbIACV
My_y_w5IAGKDC^MUEC^MyG>svg,YmI`I
Ij]AFK_UIMyOG?HDIGbI5G>rJENEN
rD]`Y(I6\|ENOŹ~oC^]AOÆ
.ºp]AOJ\|¾
N½ANÆkjn*(RGH
IAC(I]AC(IGaVuE|GbI*GbYEOG?H
IMUY(Y ~zI:[
ENO
IÒ~oG?_P]`
]AOJ\|G?H
IENG>HJI:CÒ~D*]js6s]`\[MURG?HJIjs"\MURRbI:CMyOG?H
IAMyC%C~o_PMyOzw"]AOJ\Z:]j~zY(I:[5r
ENG>H"V
My_y_NENK
IAC^]AGbIA[
OJI:MyG?H
IjCV"MP_y_r
I|$~N]A_aMUR?MaI`\nNHDMaYMUYG?HJIpF]AÐaENC^MyG>sTS5MUIWVnD^F]AF ÑHD]`R8MyM\MaRbRIAC(YY(ENFIV"HD]AG^nN¢I|Y^]js*Y
G?HD]AGMUR%G>HJIGaVuEGbI*GbYS]ACbsMyOfC~o_PMyOzwurN~NGH]`YG>HJIYW]AFQIZ:]j~zYmIA[NG?HJIÒ~oG?_P]`V"MP_y_NrJI.~N]A_yM,R?MaI`\TrNsG?HJI
Ò~z]js`s$]`\g,Y(I6II5]AFK_UIrD]`Y(I6\ENOTSoI:CWYmI`YÆ
.Áp]AOJ\|Tº"EDRG?HJIŹ~oC^]AO*kjn ]AC^_¶s¢]AOD]`R8MoY(Z:HJEz_y]AC(Y
G?HDMPOD
GH]AGJMaRÒ~NG?_y]`
]AOJ\¹Ò~D]js`s]`\T\MURbRIACMPOG?HJI:MyCZA]j~DY(I`Y^[NENO
I\NENI`YODENG.~o]A_PM R·seG?H
IEG?HJIjCjn
'
<
<fb),< !$&('),+'#/ ' ' *<fb{! '92 z&^<·;*'),+A@ ENC(\NYf]AC(IOJEC^Ff]A_y_ts{~zYmI`\MyOG?HDIAMPC¢T]`*Ma*M
ga_yMPGbIAC^]A_ kY(I:OJY(I.n$˵MPG·I:C ]A_$V
My_y_NO
ENC^Ff]A_y_¶s"KC(IjS5]AMP_DESoI:CFIAG?]jKDHJEC^MaZA]A_y[NK]AC^G?MUZj~N_y]AC^_ts"MyO_y]^VTn*ÒdEY^GEDRG?HJI
Ź~oC^]AOfMUY¢T]`*MaM,n6Â~NGÒ]AÐy]AÄ`M]A_,Y(EfEDZ`Z~oC(YMyOG>HJIŹ~NC ]AOn5B
ECMyOJYWG?]AODZ`IA[G?HJIŹ~oC^]AOYW]js.YMPO |N½`º
G?HD]AGf¼^c_y_P]AH Y(IAO
\NY\NE$V"O´Y~zYWGbIjOD]AOJZ6I{R?C^ENFqG?HDIH
IA]mSoIAO
Yj¼|V"HDMaZAH¿MPO R?]`Z:G|FQI:]O
Y C^]AMyO
gaENG>HJI:C
Ij]AFK_UI`YW[oY(I6IGbIj*G?rDEEN`kjn
(RG?HJIpFQI:G?]KHDENC^MUZ:]A_gaÒ]AÐP]AÄ`M kFIA]AODMPONwr
I`Z6EFQI6Y\NEFMPOD]AOG?[JMPGV"MP_y_
KDC(IS5]AMy_ESNIACG?H
I"_PMyGbI:C ]A_Ôn
BJENC
MyO
Y^G?]AOJZ6IA[G>HJIx_yMyGbI:C^]A_FQI:]AODMyOzwdER
¼(G?]A_y]`z¼gaG?HD]AGMUY|C^IA_UI:]`Y(IEzC"C(IjFES5]A_EDRC I6Y^G?C^MUZ:G?MUEO5k
HD]`Y
r
I`IjO
]ArD]AO
\NENODI6\³R?ENCFIjG?]AKDHDEzC^MUZA]A_
FQI:]OMyOzwEDR\M¶SoEzC(Z`I$n¢T]`*Ma*M
HD]`Y{Y~NrJ\M¶S5M,Y^MaENO
Y{EDRf_PMyONw$~NMUY^G?MaZA[
Zj~DY^GbEzF]ACs]AO
\Ðt~oC^Ma\MUZA]A_gaKD_aIA]`Y(IfY(I6I"G?H
I
GbIj*G?rDEDEz`kjnN¢]`*M,M]AO
\Ò]AÐy]AÄ6MH]jSoI|rJI6IjOvY~NrJ\MtS5MU\NI6\
MyOGbE¼Ñ]AC^MyH¼]O
\f¼AlMyO]js]AH¼An
D¦6¨,ªUÈ|gaK_y]AMPO5kMUY]V|ENC(\V
HJIAC(IG>HJIFI:]AODMPONwuMaYKD_y]AMPO n eEo~OJI6I`\TODENG%]`Y^|G?HDIY^KJI:]A5IACECV"C^MPGbIACGbE
*O
E$V G>HJILFIA]jODMPONwNnÇ"ª !¦ ¦AÈga]A_y_t~zYmM¶SoImkMUY]-RENCF ENRY^K
I`I6ZjHV"HDMaZAH¤\NEDI6YODENG\MUY(Z:_UEDYmILG?HJI
MyOGbIAONG?MaENO ER"G?H
I{Y^K
IA]A5I:C [3sE~¿C I6$~NMyC(ILR>~NC G?H
IjCQI5KD_¶]AO]AG?MUEzO R?C(EF G>HJIÉY^KJI:]A5IACfGbE*ODE.V G?HJI
MyOGbIAONG?MaENOn
BJECMyOJYWG?]AOJZ`I:[DG?H
I~DY(I|EDRG>HJIVuEzCW\ G?]A]`\N\Mag,Y^G?]ACGZ`Eo~oONG?MPONw`kjnNÊMtSoENC(Z6I"MaYO
EGZ:_UIA]AC^_ts
MyO
\MUZ:]AGbI`\g,Y(I6IA[Nl]AFf]A_yM kjn
4A2 '&( ' #%@Nc³Ò~zY^HNG?]AC^]AMaY]VuEzCW\
V
HDMUZ:HH]`YFQEzC IpG?HD]AOENODIpFQI:]AODMPONwNno csO
*MPOfceC^]ArMUZMaY]
Ò~zYWHDG?]AC^]A¿V"HMUZ:H F]js´FQI:]AO1Ijs*IA[
V"]AGbIjC(bY^KNC^MyOzw*[w*EN_U\Í]AOJ\ YKNs%n $%_¶~NC ]A_PMyG>s¤EDRFIA]AOMyOzw ER
Ò~zYWHDG?]AC^]AFf]jsur
Ir
I`ZA]j~DY(I|EDRµ~zYW]jwI|EzC]`Z`.~oMaY^MyG?MaENO{EDRFIjG?]AKNHJEzC MaZA]A_
FIA]jODMyOzwQESNIACG?MyFI6nHJI
C~o_aIfMyO}C(Ijw*]AC(\ÉG·E}ZAEzFFf]O
\NY
]AOJ\KC ENHMyrMyG?MUEO
Y|EDRGH
IÑ$HD]AC^My]AH}MaY
G?HD]AGG?HDIf_P]^Vw*M¶SoI:Cu\NEDI6Y
OJEG
MyOGbIAO
\LG·E HJEN_a\LFQEC(IxG?HD]AO EO
IFIA]AOM¶ONw ERG>HJIÒx~zYWHDG?]AC^]A g,YmI`IIj5]jFfKD_UI6YMPO¿l]AFf]A_yM kjn%HDI
Ò~zYWHDG?]AC^]AMaYMyOLG?HDI|O]AG>~oC(IERÒ~DY^HD*MP_]AO
\MyGMUY"RECG?HDIfIj*K
IACbGgaÒ~NÐyG?]AHDMa\$kG?Ev\IAGbI:CbFfMyOJI¹G?HDI
Z`EzC^C I`Z:G"FIA]AOMyONwLMyOG?HJIZ`EOG·I5GgaÒ~NÐyG?]AHMU\NYfFf]jsÉ\MaRbRIACfMyOG?HDMaY"G>HDMaYfHD]AKNK
IjOJYf]A_ V
]js.Y
V"MPG?H
^ÐPG?MyHD]`\$kjn
! ' ) j9),<?;*' < N#47) ')
' `'2+A@HDIAC(I}]AC(IÉGaVuE³Ff]AÐUEzC]jOD]A_ts.Y^MaYC(Ijw*]AC(\MyOzw_aIjSoI6_aY{EDR
FIA]AODMPONwEDRVuEC(\NY]AOJ\fGbI*GbY^[DG>HJIp¢]AOD]`R8MD]AOJ\ÑHD]`R8MyMÔn*H
IAC(IMUY3OJENG%FT~zZ:H\MURRbI:CWIjO
Z`IpMyOI`YmY(IAO
Z`I
rJI:GaVuI`IjOTG?HJIGaVuEnAHJI¢]jOD]`R8M Î _aIAFf]EDR Î Y~N_ H]jSoI\MaY^G?MyOzw$~oMaY^HJI6\RbEo~oC_aIjSoI:_UYERFIA]jODMPONwN
½$n BDMPC(Y^G}_UISoIA_M Y³¬ ¦$¨¦AÈ7¦A¥
x¦A?gaG?H
I³Ij5K_yMaZAMyG}FIA]AOM¶ONw`kjQWrD]AC^]H ]A_ f]`Y(YMaY¿ENrzS5MUEo~zYm_¶s
K
IAC(Z`IjKG?MyrD_aIR?C(EFÌG?HJIGbI.G]AOJ\
]A_UY(ETC(IjKDC(I`YmIjODGbY%G?HDIKC M¶O
ZAMPKD]A_G?HDIAFIEDR
G?HDIG?Ij5G?[*MaRG>HJI:C(I]AC(I
Y~NrJYWMU\Ma]ACs G>HJI:FI`Yx]A_UY(Eng>BDENCIj5]AFK_UI:[_yMPFMPG?MyONw-KDEz_¶s6w.]AFTs}MUY]{ZAEzOJZA_t~zYWMUENO´\NIAC^M¶SoI6\rNs
^r]AC^]AH]jO f]`Y(YR?C^ENF G>HJIeSoIAC(Y(IxoºAkÒ{EDY^GEDR%G>HJI ]`Y ~zYga_aIjw*]`_GbIj5GbY8kERÑ$H]AC MP]AHZ6EONSoIs
G?H
IAMyC%C~o_PMyOzwYrNsV"]js"EDR%br]AC^]AHc_5 f]`Y(Yjn*rD]AC^]AHTce_* f]`Y(YZ`ENOzSoIjs*Y]¢¹~o*F ÅT]AG?MDg,\NI`R8MyOMyG?M¶SNI
C~N_yMyOzw`kENOfMyGbYE.V"O]AOJ\|\NEI`Y%OJEG
C(I`.~NMyC(IZ6EC^CWEr
EC^]AG?M¶SoIIjS5Ma\NIAO
Z`I$n
Nn ÑI`Z6ENOJ\7_UISoIA_MaYv¬>?È`¦6¨¦AÈ Q¥
¦A?HDMaYMaY]AO³MyOJ\MaZA]6G?M¶SoILFIA]AOMyONw¿ENC]A_y_¶~D\NI`\7FIA]AODMPONw
KCWI6Y(IAONG%MyOG?H
IGbI5G^n$cOI5]AFK_UIER%MyOJ\MaZA]AG?MtSoIFIA]jODMPONwMUYG>HJISNIAC(Y(Iz 5º*¾eV"HJI:CWIMPGMaYODENG
Z:_UIA]AC^_tsY^]AMU\ÉG?HD]AGF]ACC^My]jw5IZA]AO}r
IZ6EODG>C ]`Z:GbI`\xV"MyG>HJEo~5GKNC MaENC|R?M¶]AG?MUENO}EDRFf]AC MPG?]A_%w*MUR?GrN~NG
\NI6IAKJI:CMyOzSoI`Y^G?Mtw*]AG?MUENO}Y~w$wI6Y^GbY"YmE
ng,Y(I`I:[l]AFf]A_yMRbENCG>HDMaY]AO
\{ENG?HDI:C"Ij5]AFK_UI6YjnWGFf]jsrJI
O
ENG?I`\|G?H]AGMyOf]AONs"IjSoI:ONGFf]AC MPG?]A_w*MUR?G%HD]`YGbErDIw*MtSoIAOfG·E
V
MURbIMPOGbIjC^FYER
SoI:C(Y(I*|EDRG?HDI
Ź~oC^]AOkjn
ºn HDMyC(\ÉFQIjG?HDE\vER\NI`\~DZAG?MaEO}MUY u¦A¥P¦A¥y¦AÈ Q¥
x¦A?gaMyO
R?IAC^C(I`\FIA]AOMyONw`kj
HMUY
MUY
]fFQI:]AODMyOzw
\NI:C MtSoI`\fR?C(EzF G>HJIY^KMyC^MyG%]AOJ\|C^]AG?MaEOD]A_UIER]_UIw*]A_NGbIj5GImSNIAOMUR%MPGMaYODENGMPOJ\MUZ:]AGbI`\TMyOfGH
IGbI*G^n
BJEzCMyO
Y^G?]O
Z`I:[µR>C(EF SoIAC(Y(I½`ÁdJ5º.[DVuITZA]AOLMyOJRIjCGH]AGOJEGENO_¶s|VuIZA]AOÉOJEGY^]js¼ Î RbRW¼"GbE
K]ACWI:ONGbY^[%VuIZA]AOOJEG~DY(I]AONs{]Arz~zY^MtSoI_y]AOzw~N]Aw5ILg,Y(I6I{l]AFf]A_yMENCfENG>HJIAC Î Y~N_rJEEN5YfRbEzC
I5]AFK_UI6Y?kjn
Nn BJEo~oC^G?HFIjG?HDED\ER\I`\~DZAG?MUEzO{EC_aIjSoI:_ERFI:]AODMyOzwQMaYu¬ aª,§¦ Q¥
¦AgaCWI6$~NMyC(I6\FfIA]AODMPONw`kj
HD]AGMUY]|FIA]jODMyOzwxEOxV"HDMaZAHGH
I
GbIj5GMUYY^MP_UIAOG?[
s.I:GMPGFT~zY^Gr
I"]`YmY~oFI`\GbER>~N_UR8My_a_KCWEzKJIjC
EzrDÐUI6ZAG?MtSoI$nBJECMyOJYWG?]AOJZAIA[MyOxSoIAC(Y(IpN5*[DMyGFT~DY^GrDI]`Y(Y ~oFI`\fG?H]AGKC ENHMyrMyG?MUEOEDR%Ff]AC^C MP]jw5I
ER"FfENG?HDIACEzC\]j~5w*HGbIAC|FQI:]AOJYpVHJE]AC(IFEzGH
IAC(YECf\]j~5w*HDGbI:C(YG>HDC(E~w*H-Ff]AC^C MP]jw5Ivg,YmI`I
I5]AFK_UI6YMPOl]AFf]A_yMN]AO
\ENG?HDI:C Î Y~o_Nr
EDEz5Y?kjn*^OQZ:]`Y(IEDRZAENO
R?_PMUZAG?[G?HJIR?MPC(Y^G_UISoIA_g,r]AC ]AHfc_
f]`Y(Y?k
V
My_y_G?]`IKCWI6Z`I6\NIjOJZ`IESNIjCY(I`Z6EOJ\|_aIjSoI:_Jg,(YWHD]AC^]HTc_5 f]`Y(Y?k]AO
\Y(EEzOg,RbEzCµI5]AFfKD_UI6Y^[
Y(I6Il]AFf]A_yM kjn
H
I|Ñ$HD]`R8MyM Î _y]AFf]uER Î Y ~o_ HD]jSNIuZ:_y]`Y(YmMUR8MUI6\f3I*~N]A_JMPFKD_PMUZA]AG?MaENO
YMPODG?EGaVuExrD]`Y^MaZ"G>s`K
I`YÊf]A_y]A_P]AH
c_Ò]AOG>~z gyKC ENODEo~oO
Z`I6\FQI:]OMyOzw:k
]AOJ\Êf]A_y]A_P]AHLce_Ò]`R?Hz~oF gaMyFK_yMUI6\{FfIA]AODMPONw`kjn
Ê]A_P]A_y]AHLc_
Ò]AODG>~DH]`Yr
I`IjO{\M¶S5Ma\NI`\MyOGbEÊf]A_y]A_P]AHce_%(*G?Ma\]gyC(IA.~oMPCWI6\FQI:]AODMyOzw`k]AOJ\xÊ]A_P]A_y]AH{]`YmY^HD]AC^]jH
ga]A_y_t~z\NI6\FIA]AOMyOzw:kjn*Êf]A_y]A_P]AHfce_NÒ]`R8HN~NF gaMPFKD_PMUI6\FIA]jODMPONw`kHD]`Yr
I`IjOY~NrJ\MtS5MU\NI6\MPODG?EfÒ]`R>Hz~oF
]A_Ò~$V"]`R8]]AH gaH]ACbFEODMUEo~zYxFQI:]OMyOzw:kf]AO
\-Ò]`R8HN~NF c_Ò~N*HDG?]A_PMUR?]g,\M¶SoI:Cbw5I:ODG|FQI:]OMyOzw EzC
FIA]AODMPONw¤O
EGvMPO1]`Z6Z`EC(\³V
MyG>H1G?H
IKN~NC^KJEDYmI¿EDRLG?Im5G,kjnÑ*H]`R?MyMaY\NE O
EG{]`Z`Z6IAKNG{Ò]`R?Hz~oF ]A_
Ò~oHDG?]A_yMaR?]~NOD_aI`YjYG?HJIsuR>~N_UR?MP_JYmM¶QZ6ENO
\MyG?MUEO
Yg,Y(I6I
le]jFf]A_yMJRENCIj*K_y]AOD]AG?MaENO]AO
\Ij5]jFK_UI6Y?kjn$H
Ims
HD]jSNI|]A_UY(EdMyFfKJEDYmI`\C(I6Y^G?C^MUZjG?MUEzOJYMPOC(Iw.]AC(\NYG?E{ÑMUR?]AH}gP]AG?G?C^MyrN~NGbI(k[ÑHD]ACGg,Z`EO
\MyG?MaENO*k]AOJ\i|HD]js$]AH
g,IjGbIjODGakjn
Hanafi scholars are more opposed to Mafhum Al Mukhtalifa. They do not accept any
meaning which is not in accord with the text or its spirit. They do not accept it at all in
the case of interpretation of the Quran and the Sunnah.
"!$#&%')(&(*(
+ ,-/.10 0 23547698;:<.1=>@?A>CB> .13ED23F4 G 2HDJI
KXuL
jtMhgwnhM9X
^NCOQXuPSmRUj
TWlVYrhX[X
Z\rthgZw|]_w^*X`E]^qacb\hg^dJmegl_firthhkX
jHr`
lYmnX[hg^Z\loZ`]_]o^*j`q]qa]_p"vkjzl_X rtsu]_rtvUX
`
{l_hcsZhcwn]_hkX[^*^`xfwyZXA]`[XAXV_jzVX["ZHrl_hc^w|{]hc^
p}~]_rtmnhkrzlX[w|Z
u
X ]m
mX rtZ
X
ZZ]_^*`ihkjZ\Xujtwnvhc^HhgZ l_rt]wnhp"lZHX
X`u
^jzX[ZHlUV]ojlojt[jzlXm$]jthcZ vkl ]ojw&wl^*jzlhc^TUrt]_shV
Z]\]_vkjzXhg^*`[hV_]_wlVoX[ZZ]^ `HwX`
XjzX
Z\lw{uhg^ }a
o¡C¢_f T¤£
rt]_^hkVhg^¥¦" ^V_wn hgX ^1Z]\XVYV
rJhg^]
mX rtZ¤Xm)ZX[rt]_v
VoX[^*`
lZ^]_wnhX
^a k o¢C§¨"jzlYlJ]_vjzX©ª]_Z]_vgh
mX rSl« vc]_^]_wnhX[^f
£"rt]_^hVVoX[ZZ\]_^`Z]ªslV_X
^
p
l¨lY`]oj] rX Z\hjzlX
m$rzlt¬]_rz`X
r
^hjt{Zl_^
wajzlol®©]_Z\]_vchgjzlYl
]_vkjX°¯
k o±³²z _¯ofQZ X rwn]_^w´@lojtwnhX
^j]_rzl@uµ¶{u]w·hkj rthgZ]_rHhg^¸VoX[ZZ]_^*`u¹ªjhgwJX svgh¦}C]_wnhkX
^¸X
r]
rzwXloVYX[w{Z\lqZHZ\l^*]_¥`[X
]_rtwnhghw|X
oJ^1VoX X[rUZjtZhcZ ]_ ^*vk`¸l hcZ l_r
Z\vchkhlYjzjHjthgsuX
hgsvhgvcw|h}C]_awn]ohkXjU^º V_X
"Z^uvkZiloj]_j^*wn`
{º[l_Zrzlq]]_rZHll_V]_v^lo]_jvcv)wnXuX7mjwn{}@lo}jzlolfjtw¹TX[wnVo{V_lX rr¬»`[hkhcjz^
l¨}
¼ahX
l@ZH lX
s{vc]h}Cp
]_lwnhk{X l_^v
`rzlow|{V_]_X w½Zb\ZHdJl_e^*`[ah]_l@wnh &X[ ^HVYX[]_Z\^*Z` ]^l`@rtZfJhhkjjzjthgh^X
^[wf{ l^uX
ZH]_w|"lrz{l]Xp"m$l¾À{l_¿YvÁn`ÂoÃhcÄYwQehcÄ_Z ÅX vghkr<lYj¬X
{^hVv¦ {X[hgZ svc h}C]_]_rwnwhkX ]_^ vcv
X
jzX rqZrllYwVo{uX[hgZ^
}
ZCl^vkl_`[]_]_rtwnv¦hkÉX
C^Æwn{aclÇ\Z\]o`[]_¥s[X
frt hgwʪ¼ X
X Z\hgl¸^uhkX[X[ wn^{hklj½rzjZ\{uX
]rzlp"l°rt]_wn{¼ hgl_X
v^u`A]_vwn{u]_^]_w`¥TZ\jtwnhrHmnhklYZH`ul_ ]_^j lrZhkjzjhkX
^ÈwXÈ`[X
Í X
ZZ]_^*`xacTUZ\r|fÍ Z]jzX Z\l_wnhcZlYjZHl_]^ lrtZ\hjzjthgsuhgvhgw|[<Ë*X[rhg^jtwn]_^*VYl¬{*l_^Ìwn{*l£"rt]_^¸jt]¨j
©"vcµ¸]ojt{rt]_s
al]_w&]_^*``[rthg^uÎ ²rzlomÉ¡[±
zft[wn{lUV_X ^
wyl«wQj
[}@}³lYjtwj<wn{u]_whgw&hj$Zlrl lrtZ\hjzjthcshgvchgw|[
¼ hgZhgv ]_rl«]_Z vklYjV]_^9s*ljlol_^Ìhg^p"lrzjzlHϳ ÀaÐÄÑÒÂYÄUÂYÄ_ÓgÄ_ÓgÃÊ¿_d¸ÔÄ_ÁnÃÄYÒ¿f]_^*`Õ@
oÖ9 acÔÄY×ÃÊÄ_ÁnÂ_Ñe¿"ØÉÑÓ
benÒftajlolq]_vkjzXÙ©ª]_Z]_vghÊ fiTWVoX[ZZ]_^*`¸Z]ÀVoX[^ p"l9]rzloV_X
ZiZl^`[]_wnhkX
^Fhc^jtX
ZHl1V]ojzlojajl_l
©]_Z\]_vchg[]ovjzX
¢@ofYTEVYX
ZZ\]_^`hg^i]Uml¬ÙV_]ojloj<Z]hg^*`[hV_]_wl·wn{rtl_]_wn[h l¨ []o`³phkjlJwX`
lojthjtwQmÚrX Z
hg`
Z X
hc^
v¦¶}] j
]_ rtwnvghkhkVV
]_wnvg]_hkX r<^w|{X[hc^
r }\ artrt]loCmt@l_Cr¯
]_±Cvkjz±XÈ]_^aÛ`Hlo om¡[
ÕC ¯[¢C²&Õ_]_fvjzXiÜ\wyXYl¬«wnlsp"XlX rÎVoXX
mZiw{Z\lU]_V_^X"`A"rzacjzTlfZ\_Tr|f\V_ZX
ZXjtZwnv¦]_^*ZH`»l_Z]_^] j
X
suvgh¦}¨]_wnhX
^a|Ë]_rtݪX r$µ¶]_ÝYhgsu"`
l l_^*`[hc^
} X[^»¬{*lwn{lr<w{l·wl«[w&]^`ZHl_]^hg^ }s*X[wn{]_rl£]_wnh
X[r<^X
wf
ÞX
su]_vg¥kh¦}¨X ]_rhcwnw|hX
^9Xum»aÛßJlomtvg]_[ZÏC ]\ ]_{^lvk`\`ÌÕ¨w
{uk]_ owJÖf]H@T®V_X
VYZVoX[Zrz`[]_hg^*^ `9} wnm
XX
vcZvkX@¬»]_¥kXhg^
r}hcw@]
]ª rzjX[hg^
{u}Chgsvlhcwnhghk^*X j^9wn]_Z^*Voll]_^*Xj m$VoX[l_r
Z Z\hvcjzhgjt]_hc^sVohgvclhgw|@X<m^*wn{*X
l w
VoX ZZ]_^*`hj]_^¸X
svch}C]_wnhkX ^$hg^°w{l]_sjzl^*VYlXm·hg^`[hkV]_wnhkX
^jm
X
rrl l]wlY`9VoX[Z vchg]_ ^*VYl@uµ¶{l^À]
VoX ZZ]_^*`qhkj®hkjzj
lo`hg^ÀVYX[^*`[hgwnhX
^u]_v&wl_r
Zjtwn{*l^9hcwàZ jtw·s*lV_X Z vchklo`¬{*l^lp"lrUhcwªaV_X ^*`[hcwnhkX[^f
XVYV
rzjUaÛlom
ÏC ¡_f@µ¸{*l^H]ªV_X ZZ]_^*`ihkj`
l l^*`
l_^
w<X[^H]V_]jzlX
r]_wnwnrhcs
wl
hgw$Zjtw$s*lmy"vmnhgvcvklY`
¬{l_^*lp"l_r$w|{*lV_]jzlJhj rzlojl_^
w<aÛàlYmt
o¡[k Y¢_f
Thg^j9`[hkVrz]_lwn}Chk]_X
rz^`;jChgzZm&ZHw|{*lol`[V_hg]_X
wZil¸Z\X r9]_^`
`l_`
vg]X
Cloloj½`È^*lX[«"w&lohcVwjz"l_wnvhmQX[j^¤loXVmhkmnh]_lo^Èj½wnThgZHZlJrtvchgZhcwhgw`
aj
l V_l{^`
]oj9jt[X[w{^'lJwnwn{hcZ\lxlojwlX«Cmw]rt^*]`;¨l_rzhcwjnjft
hgw·Z\]\sl`
l_vc]¨lY`u
T®j®rl}¨]_rz`
já¬{*lwn{lrUwn{lV_ X
ZZ]_^*`hgZ vghklYjwn{l rzX[{hgsuhgwnhX[^~acâÄ_ ãfªXumw|{*l
X u Xjthcwl_Cwn{láZ\]_¥X
rthgw|Uwn{uhg^uÎjjzX)
L yL O ¨R QrX {hgsuhgwnhX[^ÙaÇ]_{[fihkjwn{l1X XjthcwlXmVYX[Z\Z]^`uà
whkj]9`
lZ\]_^`¸wX]p"X hk`
`
X
hc^
}\Xm<jX[Zlw{uhg^
}
)rzX[{uhgshcwnhkX ^HZ\] X
VYV
ràuhc^\ wn{lmnX
rtZ Xm½]ªjtwn]_wlZHl_^
waÛàlYmt[
Cu zfJX[rhc^Hwn{*l
mX rtZ Xum]^ X r`[l_rÌ^X
wHwXÆ`XÆjzX Z\l_w|{hc^
}¤aÕ¨
§ C
±³Ö_fÇ]_{
AZ\]AVoX[^ p"l&Ä_Â@eÑcd awyX wn]_v
s*rzlX[jz{ulYhgsl^ÀhcwnhkhcX ^À^Cfà£X
rrt]_}@^~
hk`[ϳ]_ ¢C^¡[VolÇaÑÊ]_eÁn{[Âo ÄYÒ¬f{uX
hkrV{Àrl VoX[rthg^ Zp"]_l^*Cj`ZaÃÄYX ÒzrÑ ]_fv)[}ÉÇ\
hk]_`[{ ]_U^Vo¬li{Z\hV_{]HhcZ s*li vcjzhklYlojl^°rzl hg ^Àrzl£{
l_^*r]_j^hkX[^ÏCZ oÖ@]¯
ÞX
wn{]_¥klX r|r¬hcw|hkjzl¨{ X
v`9wn{u]wÇ\]_{[ rthcZ\]_rthgv¦hgZ vchkloj ]_{rthgZQhmwn{*lrlihkj»^XÀX w{l_rhc^*`[hV_]_wnhkX[^¸wnXÌwn{hg^uÎ
zmwn{*l]oVwaX
w|{*l_r$wn{]^Hsu]o`[]_wf<hkj½^*X[w rzX[{uhgshcwlo`hc^\hcwjzlvkms
w&sloVoX[ZHloj rzX[{hgsuhgwlY`sloV] jzlXm]_^
l«[wnr]_^l_X[jrzl_]ojzX[^uhcwUhj Ä_ÃÑÓJacp"X hk`@f»]oVoVoX[rz`[hc^
}9wyX ¼ {]om
mnhº jt]_^*`ÌÔÄ_Á|ÑÒ]oVYVoX[rz`[hg^ }wnX¸Üi]^u]omnhgº j
]_a rzlqvl_]oZ\jzl»]_^ rz1l_]ohg`q^jtV_wn]_]_rz^*loV_my"lYjvcv¬»wn{*{*l_l»rtlHwlZ«¨wns]_rtXurX
hc]ÎH}lX[^slow{uV_X hkjZV_lY]ojHjzlËf ]oj]]_`xwnhgv]oVoZHVol_X ]_rz^*`[jhg^
*}9hcwàwVX]_^1jzX
^Z\X wlsjzlV{VoX
X[vcrt]_rzrlojiVw]_lY^*`9`acwn{*]_lwnrzhgl v
]oVoVYX
rz`[hg^ }\wXX[wn{*lrjzV{*X vg]_rzj²àjXhjwn{lV_]ojzlXumZ\]^[\s
jthc^*lojjJwnrt]_^*j]oV_wnhkX[^jÛl_]o`H]sXuX
ÎHX[^
Z]_rrthc]}³liX
rJX
^qs
jthg^lojzjhc^jtvg]_ZhkV <]t¬Uf {*l XujthgwnhX
^hkj`[hmmlrzl_^
w]_sX[
wà
s]o`[]_wa`
lp"X[wnhX
^u]_v
Zhg^]_wnwn{wlhj<rjÚ]_frz! l_]@{*l»Ë]ojth`{*lrzlhkj·lo´¨"]_h¦p]ovl_^w$w"X à]_wnhgvÊ"
^X[wn{*lr&¬X
rz`
jt
w|{*lrzlhkjX[^v¦# à]_wnhgvc^X wË]ojhk`
QrzX
{uhgsuhgwnhkX[^/rzlY´@
hgrzlojhcZ\ZHlo`[hc]_wl;]_^*`rl l_]_wnlo` VoX[Z vchg]_^*VYl_¬{l^*lp"l_rw{l rX[{uhgsuhgwnhkX ^hj
] vghV_]_svl@Jzmiwn{*l rX
{uhgsuhgwnhkX[^;hkjqVoX ^*`[hgwnhX[^]_vcUhcw¬hgvvs*lÌ] vghkV]_svlH¬{l_rzlwn{lÀV_X ^*`[hgwnhX[^hj
rzlYjzl_^
w<aÛàlYmtCÕCÖ[ oÖ_fYµ¶{l_^] rzX[{uhgshcwnhkX ^\j
VoVolYlo`
j½]áVYX
ZZ]_^*`[[hgw&VYX[^
p"l¨j$&Ä_Â@eÑcd7ahcvgl}C]_vhgw|f
% « vghV_hgw'a &ÄYeÑÂzfhg^u¥
^*V_wnhX
^ja ¬ª{l_w|{*lrTªZrUX rJÇ\]_{ fJrzlo´¨
hgrzlwX
wn]_v$VoX[Z vghc]_^*VYl@Ü\X¨¬ lp
l_rtwn{l
jÝohcÎChgrtrthghwvg]_X{ m<Í wn{hc^l <£]t¬
r]_j{*^/X[
Õ@vk
`§_]_fvkjzXqtZ slvcÎhkVl hgw9w<hc^hg^q¥
p^*hVlt¬wnhkX ^*^jtX[iw"X[^u^vkvlYjzj¸vl_wnZwl]orz`
jla]ojl« mX[r·vchkVhghg^*wÀjwnl]_vk^jzlVo¬l_{*hcl^ rlÍ \Ë]_V_ÝY]_]_^{1s*hcv]l
^*`
l_rzjtwX
Xu`s jzV{*X vg]_rzj]_^*`iw{lZ] `[hkm
ml_rw{l_rtl_hg^( {*lZ\l]_^*j$¬{uhk V_{Hvl_]o`iwX\X s*jzlr
p]_^*VYlUXum
VoX ZZ]_^*`9X r rzX[{hcshgwnhX
^°]_rzlHV_X[p"lrlY`s
Hwn{*ljt]_ZHlr
vghc^
}\¬»{hkV{¸] vghklYj»wX¸V_X
ZZ]_^*`
j»]_^*`
Xrzm$X[Ç{uhg]osj
hcwnhkjX {^*]jp" l)w^uXivs*]ªl·j
hg^uZwl]_rvg rzlX
wrlown`hX
s ^\ XuÞ m&Ç
¥g]own]_j
{hj`\awX lr«CwjzjnV_f${}CX hvgp
]_lorzjjhg^HrzlownV{hkljzl·vch}CZH{l_w<]_X^mhc^
w}
{* l·à}{*l_l·^l_vg]_rtr
]_}v l_ r rhc^X V_rth wnhkvkX[lY^ j
]_^*`iX[s¥klYV_wnh¦p"lojXm ¼ {]_rthg]_{
+ N -,.0/1# 3L 2N
yL[O 4RâÄ_ÁnÅuÂhgwnl_rt]_vg¦ÀZl]_^*jHX[suvgh wlrt]_wnhkX
^<Ç\]ojtγ{A{]ojslol^`
lYmnhg^lo`]ojw|{*l
j
j l^*jthX
^HX
r$rzl vc]oVolZl^uw)XumQX[^l {]_rthc]_{\r
vgh ^ }s
U]_^X
w|{*lrYÇ\]ojtγ{X lrt]_wlojX[^vhc^\vc]t¬[^*X[w
hg^s* lvghlomjÉÇ]ojtÎC{\ X lrt]_wloj<X ^v¦à¬{*l¼ ^
hÊ w¬ Xlph`
l_^Voloj$]_rzlJXumQlY´@
]_v
jtwnrzl_^
}Cw|{
hhgcchh wnwn{*{*lYlrjzl·lhk]_jSrzl}³l ^
r
lYhgjz^l^lJwVohcX[^\^mnvghjzV_l w
¬»]_rt{]_hkwVl{\wV_l]_«¨^iwj^*X[ws*lrzlYV_X
^*Vhgvlo`³]_^`
hp wn{*láw¬ Xwl«Cwj½]_rl·Xmw¬ XwnhgZHlom|rt]_Zl®aX[^*l·hkj<vc]_wl_r$wyXwn{lUX[wn{lryf
à{l_rzl]_rzlHjzV{*X vg]_rzj¬{*X¸`
XÌ^*X[w]}Crzlolwn{]_w·wn{*lrzlhkj]_surX"}¨]_wnhX
^¸hc^¸w{lH£
rt]_^7a vkl_]ojljzlYlhg^
©]_Z\]_vchkº j<sXX
Î»Í ]_^*`]_r
Í }@
Zl^uw*]}C]_hc^*jtw&Ç]ojtÎC{hg^iwn{*lJ£»
rt]_^f*{*lªjt]w{u]_w&hg^ k oÖCÕ®]_^*`H YÕ[k @ÖCÕ@
rzjzloVm
rl_h rzlw|
^*rzVYlolAjsX\m wn{*Tliɣ]_{
rt]_hk^&j°3 ^X[{*wlHwXÆ]_vkj]_XÀs
rzjtX[]}CH]_wnwn{hkX ]_^Èwwn¬{lhgwn{uº jhgX
^ ²V_w|]_{*vcvklElY`
£º*VY
X
rt^]_^ mnvghV_s
wJ
hcw^À]_w|s{*rlX"£}C]_"wnhkrtX
]_^ ^¸V_X]m9^Àl]_]_vcrvQvchksll r
rzloVYX[ ^*V_hcvklY`u Þ
{]Z\Z]o`iTjt]o`H{u]oj]_vkjzXZl^
wnhkX ^*lo`hc^{uhkj5]omjthcrJw{u]_w<w{l_rzlhj^*XÇ]ojtÎC{hc^w|{*l
£"rt]_^& TUs*`³
v&Ü]_Zhk`Ts
"vl_Z]_^ÀmlYl_vkj·wn{]_whgw¬]oj¬rzX
^ }X[^wn{*l ]_r
wàXml]_rvchklrßJvc]_Z\]wX
w|V_
hcrzrV^
ZÇjtwn]o]_jt^ÎCVo{ lXhg^
m·wX {hjt]wyX r
`XuaV_Ûw|rtlohg¼ ^*mt&l º zjtXvg]_m Z hk6V l_r
Z\{]_l_^X
lr
^wFXp[m]_vg^
hk`[whclw|rt ^]hcwn^*hkX
jtw^ul]_]ov<` ÛàlXvg]_m5wn hkX
^*^*jz`
º $lrzs[jtHwn]_^*TU`[s*hc^
`³}
v<Ü]oj ]_Zwn{hk` l
TÇs
]ojtÎC¼{
fvg]Tª@Z\s ]_^u
]vg]zÉtZá]_º j^A j
[s}Évc}hkV_lY]_jtwnwhjX
^w|{(]_Qwvl_Ç]ojz]ol·jtÎC]_vk{jºXjirz] l_]o`»vchkwnV{]_lJwnhkX
`[^FhkjzVjt {jX[jthk
X vk^\`xhcs*^\lwn{vgh l·ZshgwXlYX `°Îwys
XV_©vl_]_]_Zr]_V_vg]oh
jzX
lY^ j
¼
X
^uv@"j
V_{i]ojt"V{]^
}lXm&£ihgsuvg]_{&
TZVo]_Vo¥kX
X rtrzhc`[w|Éhg^
}¸t¥gZwXF]UV_wn{]^l^Z\X
]_w&¥]X
srthgrzw|X[@}CJ]_w|w{*l·l_]rzlÌr
hkvgjhc^
Ç\} ]oXujtm&γwn{{lJhc^A£
wn{rt]l9^£]_^*"`»rt]_wn^;{l ]_^*`"^
wn^u{*]_l {&ɼ £i
^h@^]o]_j{V<]_^\TVo^V_X X
w*rzrz`[l hc^
}~l_]_v[wnX ]
¼
wQlv«[l_w ]ojzXl·m»rzl_wn]o{`l1©£]_
Zr]_]_^Avgh
mX X
rrlwn{«l]_Z ¼ "vk^ulo^jo]T{&<V_VoTUX sur`[rX"hc^
}¨}]_wnwhX
X^F
Z\Z]_]Z Às*{ul]omnlhchg« [ wn{*vghV_l_hcrzwla]_jrz]_lrhcw{C¬fHXX[w|r\ hcZ lYj< XvchkmV_hcÇ\wH]oajt`[γhgZ{\^² h f
¼
]@ Ç]ojtÎC{HXm&£"rt]_^s ª£"rt]_^]^`
s& Ç]ojtÎC{HXm ¼
^
^]_{s ¼ "^u^]_{
TVoVoX rz`[hg^
}wXZ]_¥kX rhcwwn{*lrzlJ]_rzl¯»w lYj<XmÇ]ojtÎC{
hÊ £"rt]_^s[ª£
rt]_^
hghcchh £¼ ""^urt^]_^]_{s[s ª¼ £"^
^urt]_]_{^
hp ¼ "^u^]_{s ¼ "^
^u]_{&a $vkl_]ojlUjzlYlJl«[]_Z vkloj½hg^H©]_Z]_vgh f
à{l_rzlhj<]_vkjX]_^X[wn{l_r<V_vg]ojjthkm
hkV]_wnhkX ^&
hhchÊ ÇÇ]o]ojtjtÎCÎC{{]_]_vv"Ü£i
hgrtÎC]_Z]_{ []_^*`
hgch Ç]ojtÎC{]_vÜ
ÎCZ µ¸]_v hgv ¬]_{&
âÄ_ÁnÅ Ä_Ó ¿oÅ d Zl_]_^*j wn{]_w r
vghc^
} {u]oj slol^ ]_s
rzX[}C]_wlo` s
w w{l wl«w rzlZ]_hg^*j
ât^Ä_ÁnâÅ Ä_ÁnÅÄ_ÂÓ Ä_Ó ÑeÄ_¿oÄ_Å ÂdÙZÐlÄ_]_5Ó ^*jÆÑkÓgÐwnÄ_{uÂ]_wÈs*X[w{wn{Fl/w|w{*llq«¨w wl«C{w»]ojÆ]_^*s`¸lolrÚ"^ vchg^ ]_}"sjX
vc]_hkrzjtl{lown` rzl]_s
wylY
`~wÈ]ownji{l]_srtr
X[
}Cvghc]_^
w} lo`u$ rzl_)\Zm®]_hgwn^{*jl
]T_s*s
X"
p"v<l»Tw{uvg] rzlol_u]Ç\ `³]_γ`[{1h]_{uv]oÜj
lÎC« Z/vg]_{uhg^]olojU`ÌjzX[hg^¸ZHl»{uhksj ]oÍ jtÛhjJ]os jt]_"hgw<vwn¬{] lX w{]ojtl_]_rhcv wÍ ¬ &XH¬»{
{u]p"Çl®]op"jtl_ÎCr
{9¬ ¬»l]_]_vÎ\£suhcr]o]_jt]_hkj{ ¼ hkj»]o^@X
hk` w
]oVoVYl wn]_svkl¨¹ Þ Þ
à{l_rzlhj`[hkm
mlrl^*VYls*lw¬ lYl_^Ç]ojtÎC{a]_s
rzX[}C]_wnhkX[^[f<]_^*` à]_ÎC{jthkj·aj lYV_hmnhkV]_wnhkX ^X rS´¨"]_vchmnhkV]_wnhkX ^Xum
]·}³l^*lr]_v[wl«Cwf* {*lrl·hkj½^*Xrzl]_vV_X
^*mÚvghV_w$hg^ ]_ÎC{*jthj@T^*X[wn{*lrhkjzj lhj&¬»{l_wn{l_r<]o`
`[hcwnhkX ^1a à]_ÝYhk`@f
]_ZHX[
^wj$wX]_surX[}C]_wnhX
^&- à{l·Z\]_¥X[rhcw|ª]_^j|¬ lrQhj<^*l}C]_wh¦p"l_Y¬{hV_{hkjVoX[rtrzloVwt
!#"%$&('%')'
IJLKNMPORQTSVUWPXWZY\[]_^#`aFb0`cadeSfUWPgTY\]h[iOkjmlna0Ypo,qJLKrM0s MtluUOvj_UwU]xQTSvluazyWZ]h`iO{` |
Q~})SawoWZSWY\yO`)W
]_`)oSa
]|YWWebaF`.QpaFyW_SUO`0|0{y]TOkQja0`)QOko0W_YpWoSUWTSVUiO{YpoiYaiadadUi]_Y\O{]_U]xdSWYNSfUWTPb0Y\]_`
]_`)oHSVU)W9b`0`i]_U%#gmQ2]iYaiadPadPLUi]_YO]_UNO{SPOvQ[i]xQ\OkjZ]_^{^w].Y\]_SVOvaF`]_^0Ypa0ad#gt`;\SVO{U]xoa Y]_`
\`iSWY0YpWZSV]_SVOkaF`aid%a0`WaFY]dWlQpj_Ua0^]_YQ(luUW_`2[)W_jxa yWxQb`iOXWZYpQ\]_^{F[)Wjxa0yWxQ{y]L
U WPj_^{]xQQ\OkjZ]_^o0WxdO{`OSVOka `cadN\y]_%]xQ^]_Oko9o0aLl`.[F, ^{]_y]¡aid Q¢b0^{%OvQTj_]_SW~|
a Y\Okj_]_^%a `.SU)Wa0O{`0S
SVU]_SeSVUW2b`iOXWZYQ]_^jxa0`QpW`)Qb QPadeSVU)WQpjZUa0^{]_YpQPadeSVU)W2£,b Q^{O{y¤jxa0y2yb0`OS]xQu]lTU)a ^kWj_]_`w[)W
YpW|]_Ypo0Wxo,]xQTj_a0`j_^¥b Q\O¥XW\y]L¦`i^Q¢bj_U§\{y]P]_YpWnj_aF`Q\Oko0WZYpWxo[iO{`oFO{`0|[0W_]_Y\^, Q¢b^Ob0`E¨ Q¢b^
QpjZU)a0^]_YpQV©%ªaLlnW~XW_Y\#b0`OX0W_YpQ\]_^\y]]_YpWO{`)oFWxWo9X0W_YVdWlguQnW~XOko0WZ`)jWQ\UaluO{SOkQPW~«SVYpWyW_^¥
oFOkd¢dVOvjb^{S#SaY\aFXWT{y]taF`i]_YSVOkj~b^]_YOvQpQ\bWxQ0]_Y\SVOkj~b^]xY\^uO`SVU)Wj_]xQpWTaid#OkQpQ¢bWxQNa )W_`SVaJ¬ ®¬k¯xM°NaFY
RM_±i¬k²® UW_YpWNOvQ`a2]bSVUW`SVOkjZ]_SVOkaF`aid{y]rSVU0Ypab|U.I´³¢µ~M°¨RjZU]_O{`Qad`i]_Y\Y]_SVa0YpQV©
U WTaF`^¥¡daFY\yaid\{y]ebiU)W_^vo[ uy]_vaFY\O{SnOvQSVUWT\{y]uad
]_U]_[iOkQNa0`i^£9]_va0Y\O{Suad¶ ^{]_y]uad
Q¢b^SVUO`·SU]_S{y]uj_]_`SV]_·FWT^]xjxWa0`.U]_Y\O{O]_`)ooFWX0a0SVOka `]_^#¨R[i]xoF]_U©N]_`oo0aF|y]_SVOvj¨v\SVOk¸
]xoL©
y]_SVSWYQ~¹a0YSfUWTdVO{YpQ\S#SVO{yW_{y]taijxjb0YYpWo]_yaF`0|PSVUWuj_a0y2]_`Ova0`Qraid#SfUWeºYa 0U)WZSr¨v£©\y]
O{`iO{SVO]_^k^¥nUW_^{Wxo2b0`OS¡ad¶ yy]_UO{`9QpaFyWy]_SVSWYpQ0\{y]T]_^kQpa,W_`Q¢bYpWQjxa YY\WxjZSO{`0SW_Y¢YpWSV]_SVOka `]xQ
[Ypa ]xo»jxaF`)QW_`)Qb QzOkQ¼b`i^{O·W_^¥½Sa¾SV]_·Wi^{]xjWDaF`¿O`j_a0Y\YpW_j_Sy]_SfSWZYhT\{y]E]_^vQpa&WZ`0U]_`jxWxQ¼SVUW
]b0SVU)a0Y\OSnad#SVU)WY¢b0^kWa0`PluUiOkj_USVUWYpWTOkQe\{y]L `i]h`iO{yO{S¡aid ^{]_y]ua0`,]_`OkQpQ¢bWuaid]Ti]_YSVOvjb0^{]_Y
SVO{yW,OkQ2]YpWx¸b0O{YpW_yW`Suaidu\y]L U)W,]|YpWxWyW_`0STy2b QSu[)W,W«0YpWQpQpWxow[ cj_^kWZ]_YaFO{`iOka `Dad]_^^
QpjZU)a0^]_YpQnaidSVUW2SVO{yWL%\y]ybQ\STj_a0`Q\OkQ\SadeSVU)W2]|YpW_WZyWZ`0Sad]_^^£b0{SV]_UiOko
b0`SVUab|Uy]_`F
^{]_y]ja0`)QOko0W_Yy]_ka Y\O{S´SajxaF`Q\OkQS\{y]L
gT`0]|YpWxWyW_`0STadey]_va0Y\O{Sj_]_`w[)W]0Ypa0ad[0b0SjZ]_``a0S[W][O`)oFO{` |.0Ypa0ad[W_j_]bQpWSaz[)W
[O`)oFO`0|0O{S%y2bQ\SdÀb^vdVO^k^0SVUWjaF`)oFOSVOka0`QNQSV]_SWoO`SU)W¶gUi]xoFO{SVU¸b a SWxoPO`Q¢b0a0Y¢Sad#\{y]P¨ luUOvjU
OkQ2`)a SfUiO{` |Q¢U)a0Y¢Suad\{y]ad]_^{^NW_a0^vW_]_ST^kW_]xQSu]_^{^NQpj_Ua0^]_YQ~ © UWYpWOkQ2`aH|a0aoz|YpaFb0`)owSVa
W«0j_^bo0W9]_` zQj_Ua0^]_Yad¡]_`FQpjU)a0a ^adPpQ\^]_y]xQ^{aF` |]xQ2SVU)W9QpjUa0a0^a0Y¡|YpabÁO{SQW_^kd¡OkQ2`)aFS
jxa `)Q\Ovo0W_YpWxoPabSQ\Ovo0WQ\^{]_yÂ[0SVUWe£,b Q\^O{yQ
U WP ^]_y]TUi]XWua `SU)WNlUa0^kWmy]_O`SV]_O`)Wxo2SVU]_S#SVU)WSVW«FSb]_^WXOvo0W_`)jWTO`.Q¢b0a0Y\Said\y]uo0a0WQ
`)a S]_yab`0SSajaF`)j_^¥b QOXWeYpaaid\ U)WgÃ]_SQ¸Lba0SVWxo¡O{`Q¢bia0Y\S%ad%{y]u¨vÄ0}{ÅLÆLÄ } ÇÈLFÄ0}vÉÉÅWZSjL ©
]_YpW`)a Sjxa `j_^bQ\O¥XWud¢a0Y\y]L¢y]_yËÊ]_Ì]_^{O)Q]QNSVUWQpWegL]_SQ]_YWO`)oFOvj_]_SVOka `)Q\F`)aFSj_^vW_]_YÍ]xQpQeaF`
\y]LLbFxb0SVOkÎ QPO{`0SWZYiYWSV]_SVOva0`OvQuSVUW,Q\]_yWgt[o
bUEoFaWQu`aFStdO{`o§]_` .\{y]O`SfUWxQpW2gÃ]_S\igT^
gTyOvoFOQ\]Q\iÏpSVU)WxQWN|OX0WY\OkQWNSaPY\a0[i]h[iO{^{OS¡¨Rж]_`0`©\`aFS%aiQ\O{SVO¥XWe·`)alu^kWo
|
WϨRQpWWTÑT]y]_^O ©
gT[)aFb0SNÉxÒmgtUi]xoFO{SVU]_YpWT¸Lba0SWoPO{`Qbi)aFY\Sad{y]n¨RQpW_WÑT]_y]_^{O ©LgtUiyWoª]xQQ\]_`a0[QpWY¢XWxQSVU]_S
SVU)WQpW2U]xoFO{SVUw]_YpWO`)jaF`)j_^¥b QOXWa `\y]LgÓ` by[W_YTad ^]_y]9¨vO{`j_^boFO{` |¼
U]xdO{O]_`)oz£,bSV]_ÌO{^]
QpjZU)a0^]_YpQV©U]X0WQ\]_OkoASVU]_S\{y]caidj_^{]xQQ\OkjZ]_^uo0WxdVO`OSVOkai`»OkQ,`)aFSdWZ]xQ\O{[i^kWw[W_j_]bQpWadSU)WzU0bF|W
`0b0y[)W_YuaidSVUW yy]_Ua YTO{SQPQpj_Ua ^{]_YpQPa0YPoFOkQ\SV]_`jxWxQ\SOkQPd¢aFYuSUOkQYpW_]xQa0`wSVU]_S\y]yÔUi]xdVOO
jxa `)dO{`)WQSU)WPa0jjb0YYpW`jxWPad\{y]uSa
SVU)Wua [^O|]_Sa0Y¢oLb0SVOkWQTa0`i^¹)aFYeSfUWnQ]_yWYpW_]xQpaF`i%ÐN]_UOYOvQ
]_`)o2\y]yÂgUy]xoYpWxdWZY[ t\y]NSaPSU)WjaF`)QpWZ`)Q¢bQaid%jxa y]_`iOka `)QaF`^¥
gT[)o
b0^]_U]_[§ÑTUi]_^{^{]xd ORQad SVU)WXFOkW\lÂSVU]_S\{y]uadj_^]xQpQ\Ovj_]^)o0WxdO{`iO{SVOka `OvQN`)a
^ka0` |W_YaQpQO{[^vWTO`
yao0W_Y¢`SVOyWQ¨{[Wxj_]bQpWTaid#U0bF|
W` by2[)W_YaidQpjU)a ^{]_YpQQYpW_]xoaFXWZYjxaF`iSVO{`)W`iSQV©FÑtUi]_^{^]xd#OkQY\O|US\
¦2^ko Q\SÃ^vWc\y]wOkQ
`a ^kaF` |
WZYaQpQO{[^vWLaFbjZ]_`Ui]pXWaF`i^E^vaj_]_^T\y]_luUOvj_U OkQ
bQpWxdÀb^TO`
^{]\ly]_·FO{` |uSVUYab|U2º]_Y\^{O]_yWZ`S[0b0SSVU)Wuj_]_``a S)[W¨[0uo0WxdVO`OSVOkaF`©#[iO{`)oFO`0|ndVa YW~XW_Y
\y]]_YWad#Svlna
Sx)W Q ¶IJLKrMM_² M
R¬kM_¯¨RW«i^{Ovj_O{SN\{y]p©]_`)o¼IJLKrMM_²
xv¬¨R\y]T[ ¡Q\O^kW_`jxW©\y]
]_^¢Lb0·
bSVON¨ luUOvj_Uajjb0YQ¶lTU)W_`wa0`WaFYT]dWl QpjZUa0^{]_YpQm]|YpWWa `cQpa0yWSVUO`0|]_`o`awoFOkQQpW_`iSOkQ
·`aLlu`F©OkQe`a0S]u0Ypa0ad]xjjxaFYpoFO{` |Sa,]Ty]_va0Y\O{SadNQpjUa0^]_YQ~gujxjaFYpoFO{`0|]bSVUaFYOS¨k¡bY\]_`9]_`)o
b`i`]_U©a0Y{SVO{Ui]xoi U)WZYpWu]_YpWÈ2XFOkW\lPQTa0`luUWSVUW_Y2OL]xQTj_]_`§[WP]u[i]xQ\OkQTaid\y]aFY`a0S¨RQWxW
ÑT]_y]_^O ©a yW¶]|YpWW_0QpaFyWeoFOkQ\]|YpWxWZ]_`oQpaFyWN]_Y\SVO]_^{^¥t]|YpWxW
\ y]9j_]_`Á[)W
SVY]`)QyOSVSWxow[0,q¯xM°Pa0YRM_±M_v¬
YWa Y\SuadPQpj_Ua ^{]_YpQ UWZYpWOvQ`a£,b0SV]\lu]_SVO{Y
YpW_aFYSaid\{y]W«jWSNSU)aQWnaid{y]¡aidj_a0y2]_`Ova0`Q£,bUi]_yy]xo9p¸
[]_^ |O¥XWxQm]PYpaF)aiQ\]_^SVa
SVY\]_`)Qpd¢W_YWYd¢a0Y¢y]_`jxWad#\{y]Sa2SfUW^kW|OvQ\^{]_SVO¥XW]xQpQpWy[^LLluUOvjUOkQNaF`^¥taQpQO{[^vWTdaFY\yÓad#\{y]
O{`yao0W_Y¢`SVOyWQp¸[i]_^0OkQY\O|US\LªOvQOvo0W_]xQYpWx¸bOYpW]xjxj_W_iSV]_`)j_Wª¡alnWX0W_Y\Q¢bj_U\{y]j_]_``a0S [)W
adrb`iOXWZYQ]_^X]_^{Ovo0OS`)aFYjZ]_`§O{S[Wj_a0`Q\Oko0WZYpWxo[O`)oFO`0|§¨b`i^kWxQQy]xo0WPO{`0Sa,]P^kaij_]_^%^]\l luUOvj_U
SVU)W`,YpW_y]_O{`)QrX]_^{Ovob0`SVO{^YpWX0a0·WoL©\`9j_a0`j_^¥b QOka0`iFlnWujZ]_`.Q\]PSVU]_S\y]ujZ]_`[)Wuaid^O{yO{SWxob QW
a0`i^TO{`dÀbSb0YpWLÃ2OL]xQ\0pQ\SVO{UQ\]_`
£.]xQ^{]_U]e]_YWeya YW¶O{ya0YSV]_`iSO{`db0SbYpWL
"!$#&%')(&(*(
-+ ,/. 013254 67298;:<>=@?BADC-:<FE GIHBJKCILMAD=/8BN
OQPSRUTWVYXWZ[Z]\^_P]\`XbacTdXWe*afcTdXbahg"VYP[e
ikjDVlXbanmoTWVhRpXWPSeP[e
i-RrqTsZtTWe iuRpqvDw TWPxiuqRyj Vlz{g"XWZ[PSR|\jM}~anjDc-TWR|qPSe i
^ZS_XWe P]\7i`Xbg"aXdi>XWTZtanjjM}~c-lTWaXWg"e*Z[av)^_mWj P]\`cXba~XWPVYafPanRpj
q*e@TTRpj@uRUTToeaYRpaYXWPt
j Z[e/PtaYqBj}TbXz{g"uXWqMZ[PSXR|VY\kPSXWj
qVVhaYg
PSZScP e PSiZ[XWVY}pPSVnR|j \-c
*TWXWRewTWj
TWVYe@P]iuPSReMw XWjZ&mWRpXbqManPSTe
i[aaYYZ fe@RjR|q*XT
e*TwmdXbanT|XWVn
TbmdXg anTfR|q*TeTYwmWXbaT~qMXba$Rpq*T~aYXWc-T~To}p}UTbmdRpP]"TmWXganTsYZS[XWqQXba$RpqT~jDVYP]iuPSeMXWZ"mdXbanT`
qT@j
VYPxi{P[eXWZmWXbanTPta VnTi`g"Z[XWRUTb¡K
\¢XRUTRjM}RrqTRpqTe*TYw5mdXbanT` q*TTWcMqXbaYPakj}_^Px\7Xba-Pa
Pt¡
TdeRpP}pPtmdXWRpPtj ekj}$XmbjDccIj
e-mWXganT
*TdRw TbTdeIRpqTj VYP]iuPSeMXWZ
XWe*¡_e*TYw'mdXbanT`n£og
VPaYRUa¡
jej
RQmWj
eaYPt¡
TdV
ZSXYw¤¡
TWVYPx"Tb¡ RpqVj"giuq^Px\7XbafXba~XeTYw¥ZSXYw
¦j`w T§"TWVYv}Uj
VfXWZS
VYXbmWRpPtmdXWZ
g
VU*jManTbav*^_P]\7XbafZtTdXb¡
a~Rpj
e*TwVhg
ZSP e i j
eX¡DPt}U}hTWVnTeRcXWRpRTdV
^_mWZjP]\7anXbT¬a¨RpPtj¥aXRrqcT;TdRr^¨qjg"VY¡DXWj
e¤ZjDi`XW\©e¡¡DT{"g
TdeZtj e*XWTbq¥¡
Tb\kmWXªxg"gVYanPT¬aYRUaeTYR|qw Vj"Vpgg
iuZSqP e i"waBqPXWmWVnqBTKVh
Mg"XbZ[PSane Tbi>¡¥a¨jPSeBe¤e*RrTqw3T;XWYVZ[TdZSXWXbq9aXWtVmdT Xg «anTToapR
¡DPtambjD
TWVnTb¡_PSe-R|q*TZTiuPtaYZ[XWRpPtj ekj}$R|q*T^g
VYXWe-XWe*¡{g"eMe
XWq&u®¯g"Z[PSe
iaj
e-eTYw°XWVnTWXbambj"g"Z¡I¡DPx"TWVhiTX
Ztj RpvP}^_P]\`XbawXba¯ej
RXWMZSPTb¡M qPta¯Pta¯X~cIXWªj
V$ª]gaYRpPt}±PtmdXbRpPtj e}pj V&DXWZSPt¡DP[R|\jM}^_P]\`Xba
^_P]\7XbaPtaX VYXWRpPj
eXWZ[PtaYR¡jMmWR|VP[e*T-[
*TomWXganT_PSe
RUTWZ[ZtTomWR~PaZSXWVhiTWZ]\ganTb¡Rpj@}±PSe*¡j"g"RR|q*TYZ[ZSXWqDYv&
g
RPSe
^_¡DPtaP]\7mbXbjDaF
TWVnTbTWVn¡aYj
}pVYeMj
XWc²Z¨j Rpq*P[TeRUPtjDTe3R³jM®}³XbRp q\W@T^¨PtaFg"«DVYXWTWe
R@XWe*ahg
¡
*RranqTdTVUD`PtTWg
e
e
ReXWRUqDj¥"¡D^_P]P]P[\7e*XbTKa¡
VYTjM"TbTdafZSXWeRpj
Ptj Re3mqXWPSe¥e
iRpTsqXWXe
R/\YZ[Z[ZSXYXWwq¤jPa}
RpXbq*mbT¨moTWRUMTR~RRpqtXW^¨R~g"R|VYq*XWT_e¢Vhj g"V´ZTb{ag
je}eX>qqXWVY}hP[j
XWqµVT}Uuj
*Z[ZtToj{¡Dw¶PtTWemoTm\VYRp*XW^_PSeBP]\`j
Xb
aªTWXbmWaRpPxX"Tbc-aTRp·qjXb¡
zuXbj aZtj"Pt¡`i7f\wcqTdPmWXqBeaXWR|VnqTXWPSReFRrqqTXWVYª]cIg
VYj PtaYe
RU\a
wVYP]iuP[Rpqq-R$VjDTdeXbanRpjDqe&Pa$*¸¹j
XWP[qe
PSRYVY Pa~Xfi{Vnj"g"-j}ZSP[RUTWVYXWZSPaYRºamWq*j ZSXWVnap¡jej R&XbmbmoTR^_P]\`Xbau¦Ij{w T"TdVYvcXWªtj VP[R|\´Pa
^_P]\7Xba_¡
jTbasej
Rfi{Px"T-VYPanT-RpjµmoTVRpXWP[eR|\D^Px\7XbaPaRrqTWVYTb}Uj VnT-aY*Tomg
ZSXWRpP]
T`&OQXYw»¡
TdVPx"Tb¡F R|qVnj"giuq
*^_T-P]\7¡DXbPa}U}hmdTWXWVneITWeembjDTR&j
*}Tj
jM}$PSaYeMXWPSc-j
eµT~XjDg
eBRpq*R|jDq*VYTPSR|\ZSXYw9Xba¯¡
RrqMTWXWVYRP]"jTo}¡@RUTRpqMuVR|g
j"XWgZiuVhq¼g
ZS^_P e P]i\`XbaYjMvQ}Xb^¨ag"PaVYXWRpeIqjT-V³mW`Xbg
anTseeMwsXW PSquRpqB XWZSq*c-TjVnTaRlmWXWXWeZ[Z
Yª[RpPSqXb¡DPZSXYw_DTbT;T§XWcMZtTbaj}@^_P]\`XbaBP[eM&I½o¾u¾u¿pÀDÁuÁ°P[eÂXWcXWZSPt aB
j
j
«b q*T¬TbananTeMRpPSXWZ
VnTbz{g"P[VnTWc-TWeR$j}$^Px\7XbaXWVnTfaYZ&jDVYPxi{P[eXWZmdXbanTWvj ewqPmq-XlVhg
ZSP e i qMXba³
TbTeiuP]
TWeYv
¦¨g"«uc3Vhg
ZSP e i
Ptj
afeRUjR|q*
*TTjDiuVPxP]iu"PSTdeeXWZ YvhYeZS[XWRrq/qT mdmdXXbg anaTTjj}¯}VUg
Vj ZSP[qe
P[i
PSPSRpePjDRpe@qT~jj
}VYwP]iuPSP[eeTXWZ¡umWVYXbPSeMaTn«uPSe XWi/e*¡{g"XWVYXWVn>qe*·TYw°XWPt¡DmWXXbanÃT¾ujDÁdesYv*wP}qPSPRmWqPtafVURUg
jZSP[e
*i T
TDRUTWe*¡DTb¡©RjeXWVnmWj
RpPmI¡>VhgiaYv$Rpq*T_VnTbz{g"P[VnTWc-TeR~j}fXWeXZtj"i7\w j"g"Z¡
*T}|g
Zt}±PtZ[ZtTo¡PSeFRpq*T}Uj ZStj{wPSe i
cXWee*TV
ÄÅdÆ ÆÆ
j
VYPxi{P[eXWZ
mWXbanT dze*È>TYÉw°Ê mWXbanTY ËmWXÈ>gÌ anTj}VUg
ZSP[e
ib ÍVUg
Î&ZSP[Ïe
Ð ib
ÑBPSe*T¡DVYPSeM«uPSe i XW«uP[e
ieXWVnmoj
RpPtmf¡DVUgDia YeRpjDDPtmWXWRpP[e
iÒl}h}UTomRUa ÓVnj
qP[
P[RpPtjDe
Rpq*e*TTaYj"mbg"jDVne*mb¡DTP[RpjMPtj }&eIRpqjTf})aYaZ Z&SRp·/qTlXWeDahg
\
aªmWTbqmdj
R*Z[cXWVnXWayRpRU¡
Tj_V³e*j}j Rj
VYmbP]jDiuePSeMaYXWPt¡
Z
TdVhVyg"Z[YPSe
ª[cIibXPtRpajR|q
XWTR&
R|q*XbaYTPay^jMg
}VYXWeIaZ XWe`¡mW{mbg"j
e
VneM¡DXWP[e
qIiXWRUVnj T
cXWªtj
VYP[R|\7vj e*T^_P]\`XbamWXWeej
R~}Uj VUc aZj}fXWej
R|q*TdVl^Px\7Xba¦Ij{w T"TdVYv·XWZSP[«uP$ª]g
VPaYRlY
Me¢®¯g aq*¡
RpqP[e«afX ^_P]\`XbalmdXe
*T
XbaYPal}hj
V~XWej RrqTWV~^Px\7Xba
·j¡DTWVYekªxg"VYPtaRUa
g/¸XWqMVYXWqkXWe*¡·g
qXWccXb¡
RUTZ³DRU¸aQXWj
VYV$«uXIVUg
XZSP[iue
VniTbapT{³&jM·}PSRpe*q*j TfVY^PSR|\/g
VYanXWTWeTdcXWe*as¡Rpj@{g"
eMTeXWVq&Pxiu qR~XbasZtj eDi/XbasPSR¡
jToase*jDRmWj
e
RpVYXb¡DPtmdR _g ag amWZTWXWV
j
e¡DPSRpPtjDea$*TdVRpXWP[eP[e
iRUj¦g
«uc3XyVhg
ZSP[e
iPSeRpqT~j VPxiuPSeXWZ
mWXbaTnQXWVnTÃ
X` YRc_g aYR
T~XVYXbmdRpPtmWXWZ
>qXWVYPSDVhg"Z[PSe
iI^_P]\`Xba³¡DjToa$e*j
R&jDTWVYXWRUTPSe_Rpq*TXWVnTWX~jM}
*TdZSPtTo}
&m` >qqXWT VYPSD¦Vhg"g
Z[«uPSe
c ic_c_ggaYaYR&R¢e*jD
RT
T~Xc-XeITWeMXWXW
VnZj"T i{XWRRUjTo¡g
jDe*e*¡
TWTdv VaRpXWe*¡DPSe iR|qVYjDgDi{q q
g
cIXeP[e
RUTWZ[ZtTbmdR¼aTbT
T D
W
X I
c M
t
Z b
T ¯
a S
P
e p
R
q f
T p
R
T
R
j j b
«
¡M ¦g
«uc3c_g aYRe*jDRQ
TZ[PScPSRUTo¡RUjkT
mbTW
RpPj
eMXWZ)aPSR|g
XWRpPtj
eaPSeRpqXWR³mdXbanTsPSRymdXWekej RQ
*T
MXbaYPta
j}$^_P]\7Xbav"ahgmWq_XbaQRpqT~j RpqTWVnap
^_P]\7Xba¯Ptaj
*TdVYXRpPx"Tlj VºT§RpTWe*¡DXW
MZtTfP]eI¦_Xb¡>g ¡-[VnToanmWVYPS
TW¡¨*TeXWZ[RpPtToapYvXbmombjDVn¡DPSe iRj¨cIXWªj
VYPSR|\D
-TYw¤mWXbanTsjDewqMPtmWqVhg"Z[PSe
iPtaRUj
TiuP]"TdeB|XWVn cgaYRQej R
Tmbj""TWVYTb¡
\ IXbahgasRUTuRUap"^_P]\`Xba
cXb XWZDRpXWVYPtzXWeXWZjDi`\ywsPSRpq-¡DPtanmdVTMXWe*m§\QPta$ejDR*TWVYcPSR|RUTW¡-anTbTfTXWcZTPSeÂXWcIXWZ[P
qT~Tb}h}UTomWRpP]
TlmdXg anTsYZ[ZSXWq$c_g aR*
TÃ
X` ·g"eMXbaYPS
VnjD*TdVv>XbmbmbjDVn¡DP[e
iRpj·g
ªSRpXWqP¡j
V³anmqj
ZSXWVQj
}¯Ptz>q
& YRc_g aYR
T~XlmWj e*ahRpXWeRXWRpR|VYPS
g
RUTc_g"e¡DXW
P[Rt
m` YRc_g aYR
TlT§Pt¡
TdeRQt¸¹XWqPSVYv
anTbTfTXWcMZtTfPSe-ÂXWcXWZSP
mbmbj Vn¡DPSe
iRjFcXWªtj VYPSR|\7vQYZ[ZSXWqµc_gaYRl
Tc_g
RpXb Xb¡
¡DPSRpq
XWRPaRpVYXWean}UTdVX
ZTRUjBjDRpqTWVmWXbanToapjDc-T
q*mbj"j g"Zt¡-eMRU¡DTPV}U}URTdj VnTWIeRXbahgPTYaw; wq*P[TsRpqkTb}hVn}UTTWiumWXWRpPxVn"¡TRUmdj Xg aXbT¡DcP]\`XWXq¢\
*[RpTsVXWmWeZ}UTWTXWVYVYXWZ \¨
P[aYZSP[RpR|XW\§RUTo ¡PSq*e-TRpqTo}UT}UToemWXbRpanPx"aTRUmdT§Xug R³anT
cg"R³gahaYgRQmWeqj
mWR$XbVUang
Toe a
XWVnT~ej RcIXWe \ ®yTo}Y
à `v
7¾D
à uXWe¡XWZtajVnTb}hTWVnTe*moT~j})RrqTqXb¡DP[RpqIP[e-ÂXWcIXWZ[P
*VToXWmW
MXPtgmanTnTYDv
XWVe
ToeanaYXWPv&j
P[ee
v~eahXWgv&mWXWqKZanjXbaYPSve¡DÂPtmdX\{XWRU¿±TZSXFYZS[aXWjq@XbPSea_ecj
XWRe
\RUj`YmdvX§aZSPTbaXWªZS®yPTo
*}YTo
>mWXÃ g`anvT
jà }oYv ZSPqT}UjDw VpYj
v~Vn}p¡X@>anXWj>
Yv³X
M P
*mWTdXRgw anTbTTe PtaRpqXWTBZanj Rw gj)an Tb¡¬ qXbTµa¡DXBPtaahRpg
PSe*
*mdaYRpRpPSP[j
R|g"e RUTPta}pj
eV/jDRkZS ahXWg"q
laYRp¦XWejoR|w P]
T§T¼"TWj VYv V@aTjD"cTde'TBmWanZtmdTdq*XWjV´ZSXWVn¦aj{cIw TXW"«TdTVYv ¡DPtYaYZ[RpZSXWP[e*q'mRpqMPj
Xbe a
*TombjDc-T*jD g"Z[XWVQPSe_g aXi>T{
ÑBq*TWe-RpqTYZS[XWqkPae*jDR³mdZtTWXWVYZx\¨ahRpXWRUTb¡P[e-RrqTeXbanaYvMPSRQPaRpq*Ts¡>g" R \ j}¯RrqT·kg
ªSRpXWqMPt¡RUj-}±PSe*¡-j"g"R$R|q*T
YZ[ZSqXWTlqKahRpVXWTdVYXbRpPSane j
i´eDj
}pj
P[e
VR&RpPtq*a T¨ VUg
XWZS«uP[e
qMi/VP[ªjMXW}~ZDcRpqXWTeRUXWT§R {~RfTRrqMR|VVYjDXbgDmWiuRpP[q e
iªSYRpZSPS[qMXWXbq¡M¿ qPa
PtPtasa¯¡
XWe*j
ejDRpTq
DTV\-w XjDÀVn¿h¡aYRp}pXj
iVQTYZSM[XWVqjMmW Tbana§
-j`wYZ[ZSXWqB}UjDVX Vhg
ZSP[e
ikcX\XTWXWV~RUj
*T¨XI}UTw¤PSe*aRTdXb¡@j}j
eTanTbTRpqT_TXWcZT jM}~YZ[ZSXWqBj}
VnjDqMPS
P[RpPtj ekj}QVYP[
XPSe& À½ PSe@ÂXWcXWZSP heRrqMXWR³mWXbanTdv*R|q*T·g"ª[RpXWqPt¡MVjMmbTbTo¡
aRpjkTWZ[PScPSeMXWRUTR|q*T
PScVnjDTWVQYZS[XWqIXWe¡}pP[e*¡j"g"RRpq*T¹Vj *TV~[cg
eXbaPS
YZS[XWq& qPaQMVjmoTbana¯PtamWXWZSTb¡RpXWezuP[qIXWZDcXWeXWR
Ptaj
ZSXWRpP[e
iRpqT~YZS[XWq
XWqzuPzXWZcXWeXWRlmoj
eaYPtaYRUasj}fPSe "TbaYRpPxiuXWRpPtj
eFj}fRrqTVYTbanTde*mbT_j
Vj
R|q*TWV|wPanTj}~YZ[ZSXWqFPSeFRpqTeTw
mWXbaT@}pXWVn ~wsq*TWVYT-R|q*TVhg
ZSP e i@PtaRUjF
T-TRUTe¡
Tb¡M³ wqTdRpq*TVXWeXWZjDi`\©mdXeB
T-TRUTe¡
Tb¡RUjFPtmd«¿
*jMmW«TdR&}pVj c'RpqMPtTb}j
VMwq*TRpqTVqTWVU
MXWZ"¡DVYP[e«qMXba$Rpq*T~aXWcTYZS[XWqIXba)wPSeTY
fÆ oÅ Å Å
È È È
e*TmWZSXbaaYPt}±PtmWXWRpPj
e-j}&^_P]\`XbaQPaYv
P ^_P]\7Xba¿pXWZt¿±XYwZXahg
*TdVPj
VQ^Px\7XbapYv
PPS[[PP ^_^_P]P]\7\7XbXbaa¿p¿pXWXWZtZt¿±¿±cXb¡DgeaYX~XYwXWeMP*XWZtXWj"eMi7XW\Ztj"ji7}\PSej}U}$TTbVYPtz{j g
VpXWZt apQXWe¡
^_P]\7XbaXWZt¿±XYwZSXkag"TWVYPtj V´^_P]\`XbapcITWXWeawq*TdVTsRpqT To}U}hTbmWRpPx"TmWXganTPacIj
VnTT§Pt¡
Tde
R~P]e@RpqTeTYw
mWYeµXbaT ^_P]\`Xb}±anXW¿pVXW Z¿pc_g R|qaYXYXWwe PlRpXWqeMT XWZtj"i7j
\@VYPxji{P[}seXWTbZz{g"XWmWZapXbYanvyT YZ[ZSXWqXbaYZPt aMVTo®yanToTW}YeM RPSeF½ DÃ À aYZ³ XWean¡TbT XWVnXWZtaTojz`g
XWZSRUx\T§R ®Tb}Y
j
j à Ào«b
YeI^_P]\` Xban¿pXWZ¿pXb¡DeMXXWeXWZjDi`\jM}&P[e*}pTdVPj
V|Yv"YZ[ZSXWqPSe-MXWVoPa$VnTbanTde
R&ZtToana³mdZtTdXWVZx\´R|qXWe_RpqT~j
VYP]iuP[eXWZ
mWXbanT
[aYZ qPa³^_P]\7Xba¯XWZtanj_Pta¯XbmbmoTW
RUTb¡s
\ lahg
ZSP[XWe&
qTWVnTPaQXWe*jDRpqTdVºmdZSXbanaPt}hPtmdXWRpPtj
e-j}^Px\7XbaQXbav
P[PP ^_^_P]P]\7\7XbXba¯a¹ªSÂXWZqPXbj
}pP
DqPtPjD¡
g¡
aQTWeXWeMXWXWeMZtj"XWZti7j"\Wi7Q\WXe* ¡
^_P]\7XbaPa³XbmombTd
RUTb¡
\´cXWªtj VP[R\`v
PSemdZ]g¡DPSe
i}Uj"g"V`g
e
ePaYmWqj
j
Za³XWe¡¸X\u¡DP`qP[Xba`ÓVnj
j}hayjM}^_P]\`Xba
XWahg
VnTPSe©j
VU"RUaFTWVnan^_T P]\7
`Xb¾Daà ÀkPSejM}RpRpqqXWTRk^¨Yª[g"RpPSVYqMXWXbe¡ vXWqeXb¡kaP[e*
*¡DTbTPmWe XWRpPtVnj Tbe*}UTdaVUVnP]eTb¡ "TdRUVj aTbPSa e¤
Ã{½bg"Á e
oeMv&XWÀ
qà D¾Xe*XW¡°e*¡ ^_
7P]\`¾"Xbà Da@*P{a@g
eRpqeTBXWqc-XWjZtanahj R
PSc*j VURpXWeMR*c-TWR|q*jM¡j}$YªSRpP[qXb¡-anToTÂXWcXWZSP[v
VjMj}$j}&^_P]\`XbaYvanToT~XWZanj-¡DPtanm§g aaYPtj eg"e¡
TWV XWZ[PSZ yP[e
Rpq*T qMXMRUTWVQjDeI^¨g"VYXWePSe-ÂXWcXWZSP
VUi`g
cTdeRUaXiuXWPSeaYRº^_P]\`XbaqX"T
TbTe-
g
RQ}pj
V|wXWVn¡
\lcXWPSeZx\ ¸XWqP[VYPanmWqjj
Z q*T§\mojDeRUTe*¡_R|qXWR
PtRp^¨aq*g"To
ManVYXbXWTane TbXW¡Vn"TsÃj ue"¾TdVpZS\w XWwqTTWqwsXWXq«-"PtTmXWq-Vhei`TPg"aQiuc-Zt
MToTWXbmWeManRUTbToRU¡¡aXWjDe*e*e-jD¡RpmbqMjDcIPSe
eMjiªtToaPSR¹mWe-R|jMg
R|}Vq*T{T~ ^cqg
cTVY\XWXWe*q¢XWZt³anmbj-Pj"ag"aXZX¡iu\XWe*PS^¨ejDaYg"RRºVYXbXW^_mbe moP]\`TXb¾DaRÃ ½lRrqPaqTTXck\i{XWMXWP[·/e*ZanaYj-XWRQªj
aY^_XVY\7P]PS\7R|v\Xb^_a§q`P]j
\`´XbZt¡Z[a Z
!#"%$&('%')'
*,+.-0/213/546
/87 9:42; <:=?>@BA3>DCA EFG4>@ 4F A3HJI<6B4K L
M&4C
; 4NA.HJE34FG4PO4
Q2RTSR
UWVXR
Y[Z\U^]`_badcfehg c\ijg5kBlU
cfehU
l[gnmpoq_qVrUWsutwvyxfz|{q}&~qzTxd
{q
%{qzzB
zBwz|{f`xp}8{q{q
y }&2z}Wn
rz|z{q3 fW nf{q8 W¡ ¢¤£¦¥q§ T¨ f{q8©Tnn
{qxd
{q
)
¨ nf{qbª{¦xd{xyBny©¦
^n{q©¦r«
¢ W ¦§
¨ )b¬^¦xf
n5x#ª{q
d|
}q{q)x5
f}x\ xyy©¦2 z{f&{
q®
)yz{q
n
) nf{q ®¨ ¯w)j{qzzu
hG~)uxf
{q
¦?x,
X{q
8z|{f`x,jnq{qz¤TJ~ °uvyxfz|{q}±{q°¯n
{q²²z©q{q~z
³
X\´, xfz|}5xµ·¶©¦²n
%{¦x#}n
¤ ¦b)°¸n)n§
¨ b2¹W{q}ºz|{f`x§ª vyxfz|{q}»µ¼
{qf{qW§¤xbxyqz ½ ©¦B
{q|)T n¨ Pnz¤Txª ¼^{qf{qxfz3n
®~)
xywW
®3{qnxyBny©¦bn
r)q\
{¾3
r) nj{q3{q5¼^nn{q3~¦©{ x¸ª
2nz¤¦x B
jzWn)x
n¿n
%©qnxf
rn
\~|)B|n2²j % n#
X\´, x°z}5x
¨ f{qy qyx#
P
r)\²j·w¤ x®¼W{qj|{q8|
ny¦ Bf}x¢
{ ¨ f{q}{.y qb
r)À#°·w¤ x¼^{qj|{q?{¾u}8{q¹wÁ
2{qzxy?B~zW{q
nÂB
´, x°z}5x à n|)xf
{q©¦qÄ {¦xf
Ū{¦x²ny¦xy©f~)Tn
)3q{qfzq{q
¤Bx{q{¦x¿{qz¤x¸
~)Tq[²nyTxy©qf~¦ Æ´,xfz|}x¿|Ç{¦¬
{qf{qÈ¡n¢£¦ÉW¥q§ ¼Ê ©Ènz wxª
r)P²°·w¤ xb¼W{qf{q
{qy²{q
x® vyx°z{q}¤©¼W{qj|{q
~ ¼B¦©¦ )BzËÄ
r) nf{qȵBƼÊnn{qw§\}{`y q\
,{2nz|n ²°·w¤ x¼
{qf{q,{q)}{
{q~yÊ{q
Ì
3Ã n?xf
{q)©TÄ[xj }Ìy¦x
f¤©q
B)xÍB ÎBÏ
Ð^f`xG{Ì~)T
ª|
)Bf{fª jn}Ñ
r),´,xfz|}x|Ò
nf{q fpÓ ¢£q Ó § ´, xfz|}5x5©q{q?)B
zz¤Ê
²y·w¤ x®¼W{qj|{q8|
r)¦x¸\y¦xf²¦©
x
© ¨ yBz^Äw
r) f{q}{Æ}5qn
¤ 8{\nz `
)\²yW¤ x®¼W{qj|{qªb
)
Ô}
¤B|n
ªq
)¯
5¤xÂn²)z¤D [{¾~yBW{q
¦Õ [x
{q©¦Ä«W¢¥B«¦Ä«W¢ BÉq§ ´.{qÖnf
r ÐTfxf
x
©¦ )xfnqb
X¦xy
u~)¿²{qf
Æ ¼^{qj|{q× vyx°z{q}Ϊ¤©×xf)z[~ nz|z¤Ê`¦ ´3 f
r
nTxPn
{¦©¦©Tq²n
xª²xf|
¤ Jµxy¦Äd
X5{q^}5
xP ~n
rÒxfn¦xP|
)
¶w
~)n ¹¦§
´3{qÖ¤ j|
rƲ)xf
nxp©TBjyT©
%
rxdy¦x°²)q©q
{¦©T©¦nyB|nÆ
¿Ø{¦xf}:Ù2{q}{qz
ÚpU
i]`UgnmdkU
lU
ÛUÜjÝ
gns3ÞU
ß%ehgBßugnm#ilRaàcygBÞ%lR^i\ÜjkBáâyâqt à {q
ª{ªµB²BBdnz|n¦§p ¼
{q{q~{
¤x®|)n¦TPnqª}²nf
{qn
#{q)wTxyqTxpW)Txf
©TB)xfnqf{q
¤ ÄB
ª~q|n©qz¤xy
XãÀj ²n)q
µ¼
´§ä{q)Õ~T©q{xyD
Xq|ÒBf¦©
[¹W)ʪz¤T
w °B}
?Àfn²nq
×¼W´5§ b¨ )jͤx?xfn}5
B¤x°{ÊyTq}5q
®{¦x
¿ª,¤xã{`¼
{q{q~ ´3{qÖnf
rP)nz
X{q
p{q ¦~)
ª,}
d
ÀyB²q
µ¼
´8§
ªz¤b~qzw|nWĵx{P¼W{q{q~ ´3nf
rP) z¤5
r{q
ãå¾¼^n~{q
få`©¦B
nn
r8 ©¦B}²{q¤Bxf|²w§\¤xã{
y¦¬Ê|yq}5q
©q{qz|zw²qyxfn5¼W{q{¾~
r)ÀyB²
浼ʴ§ãµ¼^{f`¬
{q|Äv°°x°{¦¬Ê
¦P~ `Ù2{q}{qz §
Ç
X5²
xp B¤fD{Öxf
¤©T{q
¤ )x®{q)©q{q)B
Ô~)WnjT ^¨ ) {¦©q
~q ³¼
{q{q~©q{q
~)2Txf
{~zxf)T~ ©TB
|nBx ¨ ¦xf
|}8n ³|
{fª{q
rn§B®~n2{ |f}8{q
n5 {qnªB
)\©qn}²{n
np·~ ^ª©qz{q|}Î
X\²)°xf ¤xæ²jW
µ§
à {q
ª{u ¼W{q{q~{[}5q{qx5{qB²nJy{¦©q)T~nÈ{ȼ
{q{q~{[~n3ª{ v°Ö
{¦ ªx5fW{qynx
ªq
) {q
ª{ ¼W{q{q~{2©qn)x
|
r
{²nyn x©¦©Tq¦B|nªw)qf{q
B)xfÄB
qyã{q°ã
ry¦w¤°`x¢
£ Ã yxf
Ôwf¢nvf
x\{q5{q~)xf zn
²yn °^¨ )ã²fn² )n
x
¤x®wf ¬Ên
r) f{q©ãqyxyTx
¢£ b{q8¥B¢£ ^¨ 2{qz¤xy5¬Ên
ãØ{¦B
z|¹wbåy}2©¦B}²{qB)x®{qjz|¹w2x°
{q°x·åB\åyØ8nd}¿
©¦ }²{q¤ )xå %à yxf
®w¤°x)qz,~nv}{q}Ï´3{qz|¹ v}{q} ¼
{ #{q)ÁÆ}{¦ÁÇ|[Ø{qn~{qz#{qz¤x¸
{nª~¦[¬Ê
¦,
xxn²²nf
ÆW{qxf
d
x\B¤fbÄ)|
p{¦x~Tq.xjw^w¦xf
T5
{q
d
X¦xy°
)x
{q
r x{q)[BW
rÅ ¼
{q{~{ ¨ ¦x¸{qyPB
Æ©q{q
wnf©q{qz\ {q
§2j·Ê{qyB|n.©¦ }²nnz¤x°¤nu
n~Æ
r)pB¦©¤xfn)x §
¡ ¼B¦©q ),B¤f¿¢vfÖ
|{¦u {©q }²{q¤nu¤xb
{8²ny {q)uw¦x2B
~|)3
5xj ©T©¦¦TB
wqqf{q
¤ )x Ø{q{ dÖnf¤xf
ã~ zdØ¿{¦xf{q{qz\Ù2{qj¹
Äpv}{q}0Æ}T{¦©q©¦ °B|nÅ
È )³w¤°Ï
|}`§\{)¿ªxf{qj|
h{q)¿´,
{Tz|
ªxy©) z{qyx\nz
X¤xàwf
¨ )·³¬Ê
X nf{q©Ë{q
®« ¢ ¡
rå \nxf¤nj
Ä ÆBPª{nwxf¤ %å§ v°
x\{q˦
r{q
#
)ãË{q
#}{q¹w¦xv°Ö
{¦{¾Å ~z|W{q
¤
{qzz®ªJ{qy[©TB}8²
qn
{q×}{q¹wTx5ÍB¤xf
|)©
¤ J~)
`qqD¼
{¾{q~¤xÁ{q)?n
yx v}{q}
¿{ ¦{qzB{q)`}¤Bn©¦ )xfnqd
²ny q°Tbwf T¨ P}5\
xd¤xà
\~)Txf
w¤°
!#"%$&('%')'
[]TxUuy)_ngop`Ywz[dUuy}w>y[{PKy£giTjRkY[]TxXV5T<Uuk>PaVYc)Pv_Kojc)_a^5
g op`¥ylaTBlKk]TpVÅ~_a_KcIPKkflaTpT<[]`b[]_v^elaTLM Nz´KØ dÈ´KËtÏ]ËOfYlKkd[]^«gop`¡¿¸lKkd[{^elaPvPaV6op^Y[fc6qUVÅUuy_zRo<lKc£lKc)^sUy)_
§ÀRc5clKyZE
Óso lKXlKk ¡la^vw}lK[ylaT8^Y[[{^6_a^gop`[fcUuV½hOfUuy6o¤_v_pZUar)_vTz¿BrVT<[fUu[_tc)_SRUo<lKklKc)^Ic_SqÀlKUu[
_>c
g op`#laT¥l¾TpVRopPv_>V`·pT<kflKX[{Pkdlw [{T®ÀR[dUW_>Tp_tc)T<[fUu[_À·<ceUµy5[]T¥lKop_KlKw,_>T¤y)VYR6k]^s^6_Kr_Kc^VYceUy)_B[{_<w,T
V`#Uy)_BXslK]V6o<[fUnV5`Tp_tc[{VYo¡TpPEyV6kdlKopTE6gop`³ylaTx~)_a_Ece
R T¤Uu[]`u[{_a^sV6csUµy_~5laT<[]T\V5`Ro<lKc5[]PBÑlEUWT¢
¢6 $#
lKc)^ {aB~6R6UzUy)_aT_e6_KopTp_aTslKop_Åc)VYU,lKUu[\[dc2Uuy[{To<_aT<r_aPtU<x§
V6Xe_eUuo<la^Y[dUu[{V6c)TylE6_|lKk{TpV2~_v_Kc
®ÀR V UW_a^8[fcTjR6rrV6ojUOQTp_K_n»¾lKXslKkd[ Z~6R6U%Uy)_vTp_lKop_BlKk]TpVcVYUPtk]_KlKo_S[]^6_tc)Pv_[fcTjR6rrV oWU<Ygop`%[{Tc)V UlKc
[dc^6_Kr_Kc)^Y_Kc5UIro@V5V`hVYc[fUWTo@[
qy6U<VÀw,_E6_Ko<[fU½PKlKc¹rkflEÍR T_a`R6kerlKo<UÕ[fc[fcUW_Eo<r6op_KUu[fc6q&lKc)^
[dXsrk{_KXe_Kc6Uu[fc6q«·T<kdlKXs[]PÅkdl<w·<Ui[{T8lKk]TVhc)VYUW_a^UuylEUUuy)_so<[]Tp_eV5`>PaV5^Y[]`u[{_a^T<UulKUR6UuV6oj|k]_SqÀ[{T<kdlKUu[{V6c[dc
XeV^6_KojcTjUulKUW_vT#ylaT<YUVsTpVYXe__EÂYUW_EcUuop_a^
RPa_v^}Uµy_\c)_v_a^8`WV ogop`<
zT%w8_y5lE_cV6Uu_a^s_KlKo<kd[{_Ko<YoWR6k]_vT~5laTp_a^sVYc|gop`#lKop_Bkd[dlK~5k]_UWV8~_iPtylKc q
_v^5ˤ
V6Xe_i_SÂlKXrk{_aT\PKlKc~)_
Tp_v_KcÕ[cIUuy)_nUW_EÂU~V6V6±6·<cÕ`RUR6op_zlKk{TpV6³oWR6k]_vT~5laTp_a^£VYcgop`\VYoi·<dUu[fyla^wz[dkfkPaV cUu[dc R _}UuVIPKylEc6q_t
wzy_Kop_\c)_v_a^6_v^5
<· cÕPaVYcPKk
R T<[{V6c5(·xwz[fkdkT<lEsUµy5lKUgop`\[]TBcV£k]V c6q_KolKcI[Xsr)VYo<UulKc6Ur6opV6V5`¡V oiTpVRopPK_8V`\·pT<kflKX[{P8kdl<w
VÀw,_E_to<[dU#XslEzy)_Kkfr|TpVYXe_KUu[dXs_aT\[fcsRc^6_KopT<UulEc)^Y[dc q[cUW_toWr5o¤_EUulKUu[fc6qlEc)^s[fXrk{_KXe_EcUu[fc6q·T<kdlKXs[]P
kdl<wa2_toWzPKlER6Uu[]VR TxlKrr6opV6laPtyT<yVRk{^8~)_\UulK±Y_Kcs[dcUy[{Top_EqlKop^5
%KCKD C J ÔuÌ{Ï]ÔuËv´ °kd[fUW_Ko<lKoj/X_tlKc)T°PKVRo<UWT<y5[rV6oPaVYXsrlKc5[]VYcT<y[fr%,·<cÆgiTjRk{¿ulKk{¿<[Q®
ye·pT<Uu[]T¤ylK~
& ('*)+ -, .
Xe_KlKc)TBr6op_aTjR6Xsr6Uu[]V6cIV`¥_EÂ[{T<UW_KcPa_zVYo\cVYc)¿W_SÂ[]T¤UW_Ec)Pa_}V6`\`ulaPKUWTS ·¤UPKlKc|~_RTp_a^Å[dc£Uuy)_>lK~Tp_KcPK_zV5`
V6Uuy_tor5o@V5V`WT\O ´KØ
Ï]Ø ZE
/
·<Uy5laT}~)_a_EchYlKkd[]^YlKUW_v^Õ~ |lkflKojq
_sXe_EXs~)_Eo,V5`iTPKy)V kdlEopT<UuyVYRYqycV6UlKkdkQ·¤c½[fUWTzrV5T<[dUu[
_eTp_tc)Tp_t
·pT<Uu[{T<ylK~ ro<_aTjR6X_vTÕPaV c6Uu[dc RlKUu[{V6c&V`Ål°`ulaPtUÕO{XlKojo@[flEq_°V6oIlUuo<lKc)T`W_EoÕV`eVÀwzc)_to¤T¤y[rZIUu[fkdk}Uuy)_
PaV c6Uuo<lKoWz[{Tr5o¤V_a^5VÀw,_E_to<Uuy_iPvVYcUu[dc RlKUu[{VYc|V`³l¾`blaPKU5w,VYR6k]^c)VYU#~_r6opVY_v^Y6[]`³Uuy)_PaVYc5Uuo@laPEU
[]T}V`BUW_EXrV o<lKoWsclEURop_eOQ`jV6o[dc)T¤UulKc)PK_K ´vMµ´V6ok]_KlaT_pZE)·pT¤Uu[]T<y5lK~ÕlKk]TpVro<_aTjR6Xe_aTzPKV cUu[c RlKUu[{V6c½V5`
0, 1
c)_SqlKUu[_À
¨_vPKlERTp_zV5`[fUWT~5laT<[]T¨[dc|r6opV ~lE~[dkf[dU)·pT<Uu[{T<ylK~£[]T¥c)VYUlzTjUuopVYc6q8qopVYR6c)^s`WV o¡^6_a^
RPKUu[{VYc|V`#Uuy_oWR6k]_vT
V`s§
ylKo<[dlKy³¡_EcPa_Åwzy_Kcº[dUPvVYX_vTe[dcÍPKV6c`ukf[]PKUnwz[dUuyºlKc)VYUuy_Eoer6o¤V6V5`|OQ^YlKkf[dk Z<iUuy_ÕkflKUµUW_toUulK±_vT
ro<[{V6o<[dUYÑ·pT<Uu[{T<ylK~[{TV5`%`WVRo#UÑr_vTE
l Äop_aT@RXsrUu[{VYcV5`iV o@[
q[dclKklK~Tp_KcPa_£O ÔÌ{Ï]ÔuËv´ ¾´KØ ]´ ´ /´KØ ]´KÔuØ
Ï ZBwzy[{PKyhX_tl cTzUylKUl`blaPKUiV o
, .
ojRk{_w}y[]Ptyy5la^}cV6U%_EÂ[{T<UW_a^[dcUy)_\r5laT<U%[{T#rop_aTjR6Xe_a^}UWV8~)_¨cV6c¿W_SÂ[]T¤UW_Kc6U<
~% Äop_aT@RXsrUu[{VYc V`hV6o<[q[dc5lKkerop_aT_Kc)Pv_&O ÔuÌ{Ï]ÔËa´ ´KØ ]×É É ´KØ ]´KÔuØ
Ï ZE8¦\y[]TXe_KlKcT°UylKUhUy)_
, . 1 $
R6cUu[dk¥Uuy_ePaVYc5Uuo@lKob [{T,_vT<UulK~kf[]T<y_a^OQ`WVYo}[dc)T¤UulKc)Pa_EPtk]_tlKcÕwzlKUW_EoBwz[dkfk~)_ePvVYcUu[fc6R_a^YUuVh~)_
Uuop_KlKUW_v^zlaT¥PKk{_KlKc}wzlKUW_EouZEKÄk]_tlaTp_Tp_a_VYUuy_Ko_EÂlKXsrk{_aTx[dc8Uuy)_\UW_SÂU)~V6V6±6
¦¡y_£gkdlKXslV5`>giT@RklKop_s[dchq_tc)_Eo<lKklEqo¤_v_KXe_Kc6UiV c½Uy)_e`b[dopT<UUuy6op_v_Uar_aTzV5`>·pT<Uu[{T<ylK~³¦y_Kop_[{T
XeV6op_^Y[]T¤lEqÀop_v_KXe_Kc6U%V6cUy)_`uVYR6o<Uµy³
§YV6Xe_\[dXsrV6o<UulEcUk]_SqÀlKkYXslEÂ[dXeTy5lE_~_a_Ece`uVYR6c)^6_v^,V c·pT<Uu[{T<ylK~5TjRPKyslaTE
l \à _Ko<UulK[dc5UQzPKlKccV6U~)_^Y[{T<ro<VY_v^8~Yz^VR~5U¸O Ø ´vÎ Ï Ê¨Øf´´KÉaØ pÏ]Ø
ÈËa´
ZE
.
laT<lKc ¦R6o@lK~5[d\Uuy)_I`blKXVYRTsR6o<[]T<Uu\ylaTy[
qykd[
qyUW_a^Uy)_IT<[
qÀc5[]`b[]PKlKcPa_ÕV5`8·pT<Uu[]T¤ylK~2[dcy[]Ts~V5V6±
m<¦¡lK{^Y[]^ÅgiT<R6k6lak{¿<[{®yelKk{¿W·pT¤k]lKXs[QmKs_Uuy[dc5±T¥Uµy5lKU[fU%ylaTxUuy_rV6Uu_Kc5Uu[dlKkV`#[cPaVYo<rV6o<lKUu[fc6qiw}[dUuy[fc[fUWT
TpPvV6r)_¨Uµy_iPKV cPa_Kr6U%V5`%c5l UR6o<lKk vRT<Uu[]Pv_lKc^zUuy_\lKr6ropV_K^PERT<UWV XT#lKc^zXeVYop_aTV5`TpV5PK[{_KU
! ^`{K=UNLFKQ Limga"huhq^M
L<p dO T ZK"Sb+a$MNQÅa:b=[VSiMNQ OdZ)ZOdT`jgL6[`Ma$K:Odz:OdZ+SutZK:OdT`jga`TvZ8K=SjMa^T=t3a"b=T=SuhuSU0UNOZ)m
%z p `a Q OdZZOT`j L LFOdz½egK=SFTÄhua$T=b+a$MNQOZ)mZa§egLFOdz hFL«^"U0SuU
K"LFM0t`UNK:Od[ÃPSisLFQ ["]RSORU
ZK"S
["M0asOYUNORa`Tba`MZMNLiSF]]YSFMZa UNK"a`MZ+SFTUNLF]LFKwaM-T"aZ=ZnaazVUNSFMSbLuUZ-t/^MNOT`j LFQ Lut$LFTsWLFT=t
h<p OdT ZK"Sb+a$MNQÅa:b=sLF]OYt$LFZOT`johuaT`ZMNLuhFZ+U=ecK:OYhFKeoa^]Rt3T"a`MQLF]]_mczVSt$OYUNLF]]Ya<e3! SutPba`MSisLFQ ["]RSF
Lut/sLFT=huSUNLF]R@
S UNLF]RLFQ 6LFTVta`M0t$SFMcb+a$MZ8K=SgQ LFT`^"bLuhHZ)^M0Sa:bjsa"a:t`U _|0UNZORUNT"LFK +=Z)KVa$^$jKZ)KVS
jsa"a:t`ULFM0SyT"a`T=
SisORUNZ+SFT`ZWip
JK=SFM0SyORULFTVa$ZK"SHM{OdT=t3a"br<K"LFMNOdLFKvsLF]k^SUhFLF]]YSt$
<p /r LFK"OdKPsLF]OYt<WN
p &"LuUNORtPROdMNM0Sij<^`]dLFMWN$LFTVt
º$p LFZO]VP`a`OYt<Wip
The classification is made on the basis of compliance with essential requirements (arkam)
and conditions (shurut) of Ahkam. When all these are fulfilled, the act is valid or sahih. If
these are not fulfilled, the act is void or Batil. The Ulama are in agreement that Ibadah
can only be sahih or batil. In the matter of transactions also, the majority hold the same
view. However, the Hanafis have validated an intermediate category in transactions
yK"S[:Od]d]LFM0Ua"b3^`{Q r<K"LFMNO$LFM0S
called Fasid (irregular, not Batil) when there is some deficiency in the Shart (condition).
If the deficiency is made up, it becomes Sahih.
L<p LF{OQ a`M]dLNe¤jlOkSFMN
z%p ¥ LFK"{<^`Q &"OdKa$MU^`z"¢RSuhFZ=Q LFZ8Z+SHMN
h<p ¥ LFK"{<^`Q ¨ ]LimK:sO¶p S<p sa$TegK"a`Q§]dLNeORULF[:["]dORSut:p
JK=SgUNa$^`M0huSca:bLF]d]:]dLNe OT|0U]dLFQ OYU^`]dZOQLFZ+SH]_m ¨ ]d]LFK©P$
µWips¥LFK:{<^Q &"OKt`SiTVa$Z+SUyZ)KVScLuhiZ+U
a`z:]dOkjlLFZORa`T=Ua"b\ZK"S¥¯^{/LF]d]RLubvegK"ORhFK Q Lim z"S OdT§Z8K"S ba`MNQ a:b LFuOz"3¥LFTVt/^`z a`M¥¯^z:LµKp
¥LFK"{<^`Q ¨ ]dLimK t$SFLF]RUegOZK½Z8K=S]YSqjLF]hHLF["LuhHOdZ)ma:bZK=SOdT=t$O_sORt/^L]YUCa`MzVSHLFMZK"SMNO_jK"Z+UfLFTVt
a`z:]dOkjlLFZORa`T=UOdQ ["a"U«Sutz`mgr<K"LFMNOLFK%p
¨ "[ SFM0U0a$TLuhu¦l^`OdM0SuUyLuhHZO_S¤]YSqjlLF]=hFLF[:LuhFOdZ)megK"SFTK"S¤LµZZLFOTVUyLchuSHM+ZLFOT£]YSqSF]"a:bOT`Z+SF]d]RSuhHZ)^LF]:QLFZ)^`MNOdZ)m
LFTVtvhua`Qv[VSiZ+SFT=hFS<p ¨ hiZOkS6]YSijLF]`hFLF[:LuhuOZ)m°ORUaT"]_mc["LFMNZOLF]sOTwhHLuU0S~a:b%LhFK"O]YtPRz=SFhFLi^"U0Sa"bLij/S«WLFTVtOdT
hFLuU«S~a:b%Ly[VSHM0U5aTOdTt`SFLFZ)Kz=Sut:pu3^`{Q r/K"LFMNOK"LuU®LF]YU0azVSuSHThF]LuU0UNORbOYSt3OdT:Z+a
L<p Lu¦$¦s
XLu]R
¨ ]d]dLFK LFTVt
%z p Lu¦$¦s
XLu]R
+|Nz:Lut:p
Lu¦$¦s
XLu]R
¨ ]d]dLFKa`MZ)KVS¹M5OkjK"Z+Ua"b ¨ ]d]dLFK OYUU0ahHLF]d]YSt3TVa$Z=z=SuhFLi^"U0S ¨ ]]dLFK zVSiT=SubOZ+UbXM5a`Q§ZK"SFQ§z`^`Z
zVShFLi^"U0S6ZK"SuU0S6LFM0SyzVSiT=SubORhFOLF]ba`MZKVSha$QQv^T:OdZ¶m°LFZ=]LFM+jsSlpl|NT a$ZKVSiM=eoa$M0t`UN$Z8K=SuU0S6LFM5S¹[`^`z"]dORh
MNO_jK"Z+Uqp a`M0UK"O["$Lut/^t$:}~¦l^z:LFKPQOTVaM-[^T:OYUNK`QSFT`ZUWN$ 1°LubbLFMNLFK" <OdK:Lut$sSFZ+hlpuLFM0SegOdZK:OdTMNOkjlK:Z+U
a"b ¨ ]d]dLFKp
"!$#&%')(&(*(
fh"pckpnx
osezr ge»KoukMgxz~¡p-u kwKpnµAzWgekn
gez-pjn|M»zWgjxyr$zWgjkmnµl
zWxKrwyuxgeq¡zWwKppczxu´k?opckMpckkRuxyzMk{H{
³Yf-
gMpGoÂAgexq*quxy"kM|xyzkrgju
n`w
¶n{ zWgezhpcgjse´uv-zWp§rp"pckMgew
°l
q*l"n
»ypezWgekrMzWx
gen
qr<nxq g"p³Kpj¡*p ppeqg6osegewygjwx ¶rrM{jx
f-vx
*pjnp-¡xygjq¾rMxKsHgesekMwygjxKu"rrMl xKrvxKscGgezWgxKu
Hq3rÀse¡ geq¡rpuo3gjrp'vu rws
u` u
wyrgekr:gjsjsjuknxyq
¼zZu z¤pexyk
É
g`{ °|M»yzWgex»Ku gjkn{ ° l"»yzWgexKn
r~±*u ogjn
pz¤pexykªu\Gq kml"w
pjr®uv|»zWxgjn geqn'nxKn sjuo
kpe*pqrMx¿
p
¡&{ "pekMgHpuk~u z¤pek ° l"»yzWgexKn
r±*uµxqµourzgekMzhvWu w
u` pnz*p±kml
wKpjruv-|M»yzWxgjnuv-uzWpck
rsc*u
gekr geq*nGu¦l"qn
pkRzWuu  |M»yzWxgjnGxyqr¢uop-gekpcgjruq
w¿{
kpeu
»
pjo3sepzpnrsc{HAu
wgMgeGkrÂAge qpex*krMpµgex
gnAgezWxqgerMz?z z|M»yxKzWrhxHgjxKpn®'gjvWxKr-zpezkuÇz¡**ppl
vWxyzWkzrMpzGkMw¿ vWpMkpc»KpjsjscpczZq
pznl"{"kM|xKpr¡{$gefhwrMgxK\r¦rºHz¤xKpgezsewKgjurrml
q*ku\ptuv$¡*Apgepzq p
uv|M»zWxygjnµxKri g l"kpvWx
sezWxKu qi¿{ Ã8kRu"\kprr~uv|rMwygeox
ssex¹Hxwy1x `gezWxKu q´xq´vZl"zl
kpn
p*pcq*n
ruq |M»zWxygjnÇ¡
sju o*pczpqz&rscu
wgekr{A|MqvZl"zl
kpeAo3ukpgeqn±ou
kp|M»yzWxgnx
r?wyxÂHpcw¿tzu¡pseu
wywKpjsczWx¿"p\{