Mr. Linehan U.S.

History 1 Final
Essay 1
A- John Adams
Elected 1796
-Dragged into ongoing war with British and France
-Both seizing American Ships
Negotiates peace with France in 1800
-Becomes military ally with Britain
-Puts down Fries Rebellion but the violence against them caused that
area to never vote Federalist again
-Alien & Sedition Acts
-Naturalization Act: Changes time for citizenship to 14 years
-Alien Act: Can deport any dangerous or illegal immigrant
-Sedition Act: Authorizes persecution of any public assembly critical to
govt.
-All favor Federalist, All controversial -Country under him is divided
-Fries rebellion against taxes
-Virginia & Kentucky Resolutions against Alien & Sedition Acts
B- Thomas Jefferson
Jefferson
-1800
-First act was to pardon those imprisoned by Sedition Act
-The Louisiana Purchase (See Doc 2D)
-Doubled size of US
-Strengthened idea of Manifest Destiny
-Success
-Embargo
-Stopped trade with Britian and France
-Both countries ignored it
-Renewed involvement in British-French conflict
-Failure
C- Andrew Jackson

-Federal Debt- Jackson eliminated the National debt at one point, a feat never
accomplished
-Spoils System- Jackson implemented idea of rotating members while in office to avoid
corruption, he did not create the idea but he encouraged the use of it
-Opposition to the National Bank- Jackson looked to veto the new charter for the
National Bank b/c:
1. It made the rich richer
2. It created too much gov power in a small sector
3. It favored the northeastern people over the southern and western
-He succeeded in deleting National Bank
- led to creation of state banks which helped to fund internal improvements
-state debts led to Specie Circular (to buy gov land you need to pay in Au, Ag)
- Specie Circular led to Panic of 1837, depression
-Nullification Crisis-Calhoun and SC declared Tariff null and void, Jackson proceeded to
defend the use of the Tariff and created Force Bill, Henry Clay created the reduced
Compromise Tariff
-Indian Removal-Jackson forced Cherokee Indians to move to present day OK on the
Trail of Tears to make room for Southern Expansion
- Finalized decision with Worcester V. Georgia decision

-Jackson’s presidency was based on his actions that he thought would lead to a better
America backfiring and creating consequences he did not foresee.
D- Abraham Lincoln
Abe Lincoln
-Emancipation Proclamation
-Won the civil war
-United the nation-made the “union a nation”