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EC-Council Certified
Security Specialist
http://www.eccouncil.org
http://www.eccouncil.org EC-Council
EC-Council
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http://www.eccouncil.org EC-Council
 Course Description
EC-Council Certified Security Specialist (ECSS) allows students to enhance their skills in three differ-

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ent areas namely information security, network security, and computer forensics.

Information security plays a vital role in most of the organizations. Information security is a state of
affairs where information, information processing, and communication are protected against the con-
fidentiality, integrity, and availability of information and information processing. In communications,
information security also covers trustworthy authentication of messages that cover identification of the
parties, verifying, and recording the approval and authorization of the information, non-alteration of
the data, and the non-repudiation of the communication or stored data.

Network security plays a vital role in most of the organizations. It is the process of preventing and
detecting the unauthorized use of your computer. It protects the networks and their services from the
unauthorized modification, destruction, or disclosure. Network security provides assurance that a net-
work performs its critical functions correctly and there are no harmful side effects.

Computer forensics is the process of detecting hacking attacks and properly extracting evidence to
report the crime and conduct audits to prevent future attacks. Computer forensics is the application of
computer investigation and analysis techniques in the interests of determining potential legal evidence.
Evidence might be sought in a wide range of computer crime or misuse, including but not limited to
theft of trade secrets, theft of or destruction of intellectual property, and fraud. Computer forensics
enables the systematic and careful identification of evidence in computer related crime and abuse cases.

This course will benefit the students who are interested in learning fundamentals of information secu-
rity, network security, and computer forensics.

The EC-Council Certified Security Specialist (ECSS) program is designed primarily for students of
academic institutions. It covers the fundamental basics of information security, computer forensics, and
network security.

The program will give a holistic overview of the key components of information security. Students,
who complete the ECSS program, will be equipped with the adequate foundation knowledge and
should be able to progress onto the next level.

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 Who Should Attend
This course will significantly benefit individuals who are entering into the world of computer security.
ECSS is an entry level security program.

Duration
2 days (9:00 – 5:00)
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Certification
The ECSS exam will be conducted on the last day of training. Students need to pass the online Pro-
metric exam to receive the ECSS certification.

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TM

E CS S
EC-Council Certified Security Specialist

Master the Security Technologies.

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 Course Outline v3
Module 01: Information Security Fundamentals
 2009 Data Breach Investigations Report
 Security Threat Report 2009: SOPHOS
 Data Breach Investigations Report
 Internet Crime Report: IC3
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 Top Internet Security Threats of 2008

 Emerging Cyber Threats Report for 2009
 The Most Prevalent Web Vulnerabilities
 Information Security
 Need for Security
 Cost of Computer Crime
 The Security, Functionality, and Ease of Use Triangle
 Common Terminologies
 Elements of Information Security: CIA
 Trends in Security
 20-Year Trend: Stronger Attack Tools
 Information Security – More Than An IT Challenge For SME
 Statistics Related to Security
 Attack on Social Network Sites for Identity Theft
 The Top Ten List Of Malware-hosting Countries in 2009
 2010 Threat Predictions
 Information Security Laws and Regulations
 Computer Misuse Act
 Data Protection Act 1998
 Gramm-Leach Bliley Act

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 Module 02: Addressing Threats

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 What is a Threat
 Current Scenario
 Knowing Terms: Vulnerability, Exploit
 Internal Threat
 Sniffing
 External Threat
 Types of External Threats
 External Threats
o Social Engineering
• Social Engineering Example 1
• Social Engineering Example 2
o Denial of Service Attacks
• What are Denial of Service Attacks
• Impact and the Modes of Attack
o DoS Attack Tools
• Jolt2
• Bubonic.c
• Land and LaTierra
• Targa
o Distributed Denial of Service Attack (DDoS)
• Characteristics of DDoS Attacks
o DDoS Attack Tool
• DDoS Tool: Tribal Flood Network
• DDoS Tool: Shaft
• DDoS Tool: Trinity
• stacheldraht
o Virus and Worm
o Trojan and Rootkit

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 • Worms and their Role in DoS Attack
• Worms and their Role in DoS Attack: Troj/Pointu-A
o Corporate Espionage
• Introduction To Corporate Espionage
• Information that the Corporate Spies Seek
• How the Information is Attacked
• Insider Threat
• Different Categories of Insider Threat
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• Process of Hacking
• Corporate Espionage: Case Study
o Employee Monitoring Tools
• Activity Monitor
• Imonitor Employee Activity Monitor
• Chily Employee Activity Monitor
• Net Spy Pro
• Guardian Monitor Professional
• Accidental Security Breach
• Automated Computer Attack
• Countermeasures
• Vulnerabilities in Windows

Module 03: Backdoors, Virus, and Worms

 Introduction to Virus
 Characteristics of a Virus
 Working of Virus
 Worms
 Backdoors
 What is a Trojan
o Basic Working of Trojans

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  Overt and Covert Channels
 How is a Worm Different from a Virus

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 Virus History
 Stages of Virus Life
 Modes of Virus Infection
 Indications of Virus Attack
 Underground Writers
 Prevention is Better than Cure
 Anti-Virus Systems
 Anti-Virus Software
 AVG Antivirus
 Norton Antivirus
 McAfee Spam Killer
 McAfee VirusScan
 F-Secure Anti-Virus
 Kaspersky Anti-Virus
 How to Detect Trojans
 Tool:Netstat
 Tool: TCPView
 Delete Suspicious Device Drivers
 Check for Running Processes: What’s on My Computer
 Super System Helper Tool
 Tool: What’s Running
 Top 10 Latest Viruses

Module 04: Introduction to the Linux Operating System

 Linux
 Linux Distributions
 Linux – Basics
 Why Do Hackers Use Linux

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  Why is Linux Hacked
 How to Apply Patches to Vulnerable Programs
 Linux Rootkits
o Hacking Tool: Linux Rootkits
o Knark & Torn
o Tuxit, Adore, Ramen
o Linux Rootkit: phalanx2
o Beastkit
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o Rootkit Countermeasures
o ‘chkrootkit’ Detects the Following Rootkits
 Linux Hacking Tools
o Scanning Networks
o Nmap in Linux
o Scanning Tool: Nessus
o Port Scan Detection Tools
o Password Cracking in Linux: John the Ripper
o Firewall in Linux: IPTables
o IPTables Command
o Basic Linux Operating System Defense
o SARA (Security Auditor’s Research Assistant)
o Linux Tool: Netcat
o Linux Tool: tcpdump
o Linux Tool: Snort
o Linux Tool: SAINT
o Linux Tool: Wireshark
o Linux Under Attack: Compromised SSH Keys Lead to Rootkit

Module 05: Password Cracking

 Authentication – Definition

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  Authentication Mechanisms
 HTTP Authentication

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o Basic Authentication
o Digest Authentication
 Microsoft Passport Authentication
 What is a Password Cracker
 Modus Operandi of an Attacker Using Password Cracker
 How does a Password Cracker Work
 Attacks – Classification
 Password Guessing
 Dictionary Maker
 Password Cracking Tools
o L0phtcrack (LC4)
o John the Ripper
o Brutus
o Hydra
o Cain & Abel
o Other Password Cracking Tools
 Security Tools
o WebPassword
o Password Administrator
o Password Safe
o Passwords: Dos and Don’ts
o Password Generators

Module 06: Cryptography

 Basics of Cryptography
 Public-key Cryptography

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  Working of Encryption
 Digital Signature
 What is SSH
 SSH (Secure Shell)
 RSA (Rivest Shamir Adleman)
 Example of RSA algorithm
 RSA Attacks
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 RSA Challenge
 MD5
 SHA (Secure Hash Algorithm)
 Code Breaking: Methodologies
 Disk Encryption
 Cryptography Attacks
 Role of Cryptography in Data Security
 Magic Lantern
 Cleversafe Grid Builder
 Microsoft Cryptography Tools

Module 07: Web Servers and Web Applications

 Symantec Government Internet Security Threat Report, Published April 2009
 Symantec Government Internet Security Threat Report, Published April 2009
 Symantec Government Internet Security Threat Report, Published April 2009
 Report: Active Servers Across All Domains
 Top Web Server Developers
 Web Servers
o How Web Servers Work
o Why Web Servers are Compromised
o Web Application Vulnerabilities Categories

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 o Popular Web Servers
o IIS 7 Components

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o IIS Vulnerabilities
o IIS Vulnerabilities Detection: Tools
o Apache Vulnerability
o Increasing Web Server’s Security
 Web Applications
o Web Application Architecture Components
o Web Application Software Components
o Web Application Setup
o Web Application Threats
o Cross-Site Scripting/XSS Flaws
o An Example of XSS
o Countermeasures
o SQL Injection
o Command Injection Flaws
o Countermeasures
o Cookie/Session Poisoning
o Countermeasures
o Instant Source
o Wget
o GUI for Wget
o WebSleuth
o BlackWidow
o WindowBomb
o WindowBomb: Report
o Burpsuite
o cURL

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 Module 08: Wireless Networks
 Wireless Networking
 Effects of Wireless Attacks on Business
 Wireless Standards
o Wireless Standard: 802.11a
o Wireless Standard: 802.11b – “WiFi”
o Wireless Standard: 802.11g
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o Wireless Standard: 802.11i

o Wireless Standard: 802.11n
o Wireless Standard:802.15 (Bluetooth)
o Wireless Standard:802.16 (WiMax)
 Components of Wireless Network
 Types of Wireless Network
 Setting up WLAN
 Detecting a Wireless Network
 How to Access a WLAN
 Advantages and Disadvantages of a Wireless Network
 Antennas
 SSID
 Access Point Positioning
 Rogue Access Points
 Techniques to Detect Open Wireless Networks
 Wireless Security Guidelines
 Netstumbler Tool
 MiniStumbler Tool
 Kismet Tool

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 Module 09: Intrusion Detection System
 Intrusion Detection Systems

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 IDS Placement
 Cybersecurity Plan to Boost IT Firms, But Doubts Persist
 Types of Intrusion Detection Systems
 Ways to Detect an Intrusion
 System Integrity Verifiers (SIV)
 General Indications of System Intrusions
 General Indications of File System Intrusions
 General Indications of Network Intrusions
 Intrusion Detection Tools
o Snort
 IDS Testing Tool: Traffic IQ Professional
 IDS Software Vendors

Module 10: Firewalls and Honeypots

 Introduction
 Terminology
 Firewwall
o What is a Firewall
o What does a Firewall do
o What can’t a Firewall do
o How does a Firewall Work
o Firewall Operations
o Hardware Firewall
o Software Firewall
o Types of Firewalls
o Firewall Identification

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 o Firewalking
o Banner Grabbing
o Placing Backdoors through Firewalls
 Honeypot
o What is a Honeypot
o The Honeynet Project
o Types of Honeypots
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o Advantages and Disadvantages of a Honeypot

o Where to Place a Honeypot
o Honeypots
o How to Set Up a Honey Pot
o Honeypot - KFSensor
o Honeypot-SPECTER
o Honeypot - honeyd
o What to do When Hacked

Module 11: Hacking Cycle

 Hacking History
 Who is a Hacker?
 Types of Hackers
 What Does a Hacker Do
o Phase 1 - Reconnaissance
o Reconnaissance Types
o Phase 2 - Scanning
o Phase 3 - Gaining Access
o Phase 4 - Maintaining Access
o Phase 5 - Covering Tracks
 Types of Attacks on a System

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 o Operating System Attacks
o Application Level Attacks

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 Computer Crimes and Implications
 Legal Perspective (US Federal Law)

Module 12: Introduction to Ethical Hacking

 Attacks Carried out Using Hacked PC
 Hacker Classes
 Hacktivism
 Why Ethical Hacking is Necessary
 Scope and Limitations of Ethical Hacking
 What Do Ethical Hackers Do
 How to Become an Ethical Hacker
 Skills of an Ethical Hacker
 Classification of Ethical Hacker
 Jobs for Ethical Hackers: Job Skills in Order of Popularity
 Jobs for Ethical Hacker
 Jobs for Ethical Hacker
 How Do They Go About It
 Penetration Testing vis-à-vis Ethical Hacking
 How to Simulate an Attack on the Network
 Testing Approaches
 General Prevention
 Vulnerability Research Websites
 Computer Crimes and Security Survey
 Computer Crimes and Security Survey

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 Module 13: Networking Revisited
 Network Layers
 Application Layer
 Transport Layer
 Internet Layer
 Network Interface Layer
 Physical Layer
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 Differentiating Protocols and Services

 Mapping Internet Protocol to OSI
 OSI Layers and Device Mapping
 Network Security
o Essentials of Network Security
 Ingress and Egress Traffic
 Data Security Threats over a Network
 Network Security Policies
 What Defines a Good Security Policy
 Types of Network Security Policies
o Sample Security Policy
o Computer Acceptable Use Policy

Module 14: Secure Network Protocols

 Secure Network Protocols
o E-mail Security Protocol - S/MIME
o E-mail Security Protocol - PGP
o Web Security Protocol - SSL
o Web Security Protocol - SSH
o Web Security Protocol -HTTP
o Web Security Protocol -HTTPS

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 o VPN Security Protocol - IPSec
o VPN Security Protocol - PPTP

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o VPN Security Protocol -L2TP
o Wireless Security Protocol - WEP
o VoIP Security Protocol -H.323
o VoIP Security Protocol- SIP
 Public Key Infrastructure (PKI)
 Access Control Lists (ACL)
 Authentication, Authorization, Accounting (AAA)
 RADIUS
 TACACS+
 Kerberos
 Internet Key Exchange protocol (IKE)

Module 15: Authentication

 Authentication – Definition
 Authentication≠Authorization
 Authentication Mechanisms
 HTTP Authentication
o Basic Authentication
o Digest Authentication
o Certificate-based Authentication
o Forms-based Authentication
 RSA SecurID Token
 Biometrics Authentication
 Types of Biometrics Authentication
o Face Recognition
o Retina Scanning

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 o Fingerprint-based Identification
o Hand Geometry-based Identification
 Digital Certificates
 Attacks on Password Authentication

Module 16: Network Attacks

 Network Attacks
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o Denial of Service (DoS)

• DoS Countermeasures
o Scanning
• Scanning Countermeasures
o Packet Sniffing
• Packet Sniffing Countermeasures
o IP Spoofing
• IP Spoofing Countermeasures
o ARP Spoofing
• ARP Spoofing Countermeasures
o Session Hijacking
• Session Hijacking Countermeasures
o Spam Statistics-2009
o Spamming
• Spamming Countermeasures
o Eavesdropping
• Eavesdropping Countermeasures

Module 17: Bastion Hosts and DMZ

 Bastion Host - Introduction
 Types of Bastion Hosts

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  Need for a Bastion Host
 Basic Principles for Building a Bastion Host

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 General Requirements to Setup a Bastion Host
 Hardware Requirements
 Selecting the Operating System for the Bastion Host
 Positioning the Bastion Host
o Physical Location
o Network Location
o Select a Secure Location
 Auditing the Bastion Host
 Connecting the Bastion Host
 Tool: IPSentry
 What is DMZ
 Different Ways to Create a DMZ
 Where to Place Bastion Host in the DMZ
 Benefits of DMZ

Module 18: Proxy Servers

 What are Proxy Servers
 Benefits of a Proxy Server
 Other Benefits of a Proxy Server
 Working of a Proxy Server
 Functions of a Proxy Server
 Communication Via a Proxy Server
 Proxy Server-to-Proxy Server Linking
 Proxy Servers vs. Packet Filters
 Networking Protocols for Proxy Servers
o S-HTTP

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  Types of Proxy Servers
o Transparent Proxies
o Non-transparent Proxy
o SOCKS
 Proxy Server-based Firewalls
o Wingate
o Symantec Enterprise Firewall
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 Microsoft Internet Security & Acceleration Server (ISA)

 ISA Server 2006 components
 Steps to Configure Proxy Server on IE
 Limitations of a Proxy server
 List of Proxy Sites

Module 19: Virtual Private Network

 What is a VPN
 VPN Deployment
 Tunneling Described
 Types of Tunneling
 Popular VPN Tunneling Protocols
 VPN Security
 VPN via SSH and PPP
 VPN via SSL and PPP
 VPN via Concentrator
 Other Methods
 VPN Registration and Passwords
 Intro to IPSec
 IPSec Services
 Combining VPN and Firewalls

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  VPN Vulnerabilities

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Module 20: Introduction to Wireless Network Security
 Introduction to Wireless Networking
 Basics
 Types of Wireless Networks
o WLANS
o WPANs
o WMANs
o WWANs
 Antennas
 SSIDs
 Rogue Access Points
 Tools to Detect Rogue Access Points: NetStumbler
 Netstumbler
 What is Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP)
 WEP Tool: AirSnort
 802.11 Wireless LAN Security
 Limitations of WEP Security
 Wireless Transportation Layer Security (WTLS)
 Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) Methods
 802.11i
 Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA)
 TKIP and AES
 Denial of Service Attacks
 Man-in-the-Middle Attack (MITM)
 WIDZ, Wireless Intrusion Detection System
 Securing Wireless Networks

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  Maximum Security: Add VPN to Wireless LAN

Module 21: Voice over Internet Protocol

 VoIP Introduction
 Benefits of VoIP
 Basic VoIP Architecture
 VoIP Layers
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 VoIP Standards
 Wireless VoIP
 VoIP Threats
 VoIP Vulnerabilities
 VoIP Security
 Skype’s International Long Distance Share Grows, Fast.
 VoIP Services in Europe
 VoIP Sniffing Tools
o AuthTool
o VoIPong
o Vomit
o PSIPDump
o Web Interface for SIP Trace (WIST)
 VoIP Scanning and Enumeration Tools
o SNScan
o Netcat
o SiVus
 VoIP Packet Creation and Flooding Tools
o SipBomber
o Spitter
o Scapy

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  VoIP Fuzzing Tools
o Ohrwurm

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o SIP Forum Test Framework
o Asteroid
 VoIP Signaling Manipulation Tools
o RTP Tools
 Other VoIP Tools
o Tcpdump
o Wireshark
o Softperfect Network Sniffer
o HTTP Sniffer
o SmartSniff
 VoIP Troubleshooting Tools
o P.862
o RTCP XR – RFC3611

Module 22: Computer Forensics Fundamentals

 Forensic Science
 Computer Forensics
 Evolution of Computer Forensics
 Objectives of Computer Forensics
 Need for Computer Forensics
 Cyber Crime
 Modes of Attacks
 Examples of Cyber Crime
 Types of Computer Crimes
 How Serious Are Different Types of Incidents
 Disruptive Incidents to the Business

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  Time Spent Responding to the Security Incident
 Cost Expenditure Responding to the Security Incident
 Cyber Crime Investigation Process
 Challenges in Cyber Crime Investigation
 Rules of Forensic Investigation
 Role of Forensics Investigator
 Investigative Agencies: FBI
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 Investigative Agencies: National Infrastructure Protection Center

 Role of Law Enforcement Agencies in Forensics Investigation
 Reporting Security Breaches to Law Enforcement Agencies in the U.S.A
 Cyber Laws
 Approaches to Formulation of Cyber Laws
 Some Areas Addressed by Cyber Law
 Important Federal Statutes

Module 23: Trademark, Copyright, and Patents

 Trademark Infringement
o Trademarks
o Trademark Eligibility and Benefits of Registering It
o Service Marks and Trade Dress
o Trademark Infringement
o Trademark Search
o Monitoring Trademark Infringements
o Key Considerations Before Investigating Trademark Infringements
o Steps for Investigating Trademark Infringements
 Copyright Infringement
o Copyright and Copyright Notice
o Investigating Copyright Status of a Particular Work

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 o How Long Does a Copyright Last
o U.S. Copyright Office

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o Doctrine of “Fair Use”
o How are Copyrights Enforced
 Plagiarism
o Types of Plagiarism
o Steps for Plagiarism Prevention
o Plagiarism Detection Factors
 Plagiarism Detection Tools
o iParadigm’s: Plagiarism Detection Tool
o iThenticate: Uploading Document
o iThenticate: Generating Report
o iThenticate: Report
o Turnitin
o Essay Verification Engine 2 (EVE2)
o Jplag
o Sherlock: Plagiarism Detector
o Dupli Checker
o SafeAssignment
o PlagiarismDetect.com
 Patent Infringement
o Patent
o Patent Infringement
o Types of Patent Infringement
o Patent Search USPTO Recommended Seven-step Strategy for Patent Search
 Trademarks and Copyright Laws
o U.S. Laws for Trademarks and Copyright
o Indian Laws for Trademarks and Copyright

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 o UK Laws for Trademarks and Copyright
o Hong Kong Laws for Intellectual Property

Module 24: Network and Router Forensics Fundamentals

 Network Forensics
o Challenges in Network Forensics
o Internal Threat
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o External Threat
o Network Attacks
o Automated Computer Attack
o Sources of Evidence on a Network
 Traffic Capturing and Analysis Tools
o Wireshark
o Tcpdump
o NetIntercept
o CommView
o EtherSnoop
o eTrust Network Forensics
o ProDiscover Investigator
o Documenting the Evidence Gathered on a Network
o Evidence Reconstruction for Investigation
 Router Forensics
o What is a Router
o Functions of a Router
o A Router in an OSI Model
o Routing Table and its Components
o Router Architecture
o Implications of a Router Attack

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 o Routers Vulnerabilities
o Types of Router Attacks

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o Router Attack Topology
• Denial of Service (DoS) Attacks
• Packet Mistreating Attacks
• Routing Table Poisoning
• Hit-and-Run and Persistent Attacks
o Router Forensics Vs. Traditional Forensics
o Investigating Routers
o Seize the Router and Maintain Chain of Custody
o Incident Response & Session Recording
o Accessing the Router
o Volatile Evidence Gathering
o Router Investigation Steps
o Link Logger
o Router Audit Tool (RAT)
o Generate the Report

Module 25: Incident Response and Forensics

 Cyber Incident Statistics
 What is an Incident
 Security Incidents
 Category of Incidents
o Category of Incidents: Low Level
o Category of Incidents: Mid Level
o Category of Incidents: High Level
 How to Identify an Incident
 How to Prevent an Incident

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  Incident Management
 Reporting an Incident
 Pointers to Incident Reporting Process
 Report a Privacy or Security Violation
 Preliminary Information Security Incident Reporting Form
 Incident Response Procedure
 Incident Response Policy
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 Incident Response Checklist

 Handling Incidents
 Procedure for Handling Incidents
o Preparation
o Identification
o Containment
o Eradication
o Recovery
o Follow-up
 Post-Incident Activity
 CSIRT
o CSIRT Overview
o Need for CSIRT
o How CSIRT Handles Case: Steps
o Best Practices for Creating a CSIRT
 CERT
 World CERTs
 GFIRST
 FIRST
 IRTs Around the World

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 Module 26: Digital Evidence
 Digital Evidence

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 Challenging Aspects of Digital Evidence
 The Role of Digital Evidence
 Characteristics of Digital Evidence
 Fragility of Digital Evidence
 Types of Digital Data
 Rules of Evidence
 Best Evidence Rule
 Evidence Life Cycle
 Digital Evidence Investigative Process
 Where to Find Digital Evidence
 Securing Digital Evidence
 Documenting Evidence
 Evidence Examiner Report
 Handling Digital Evidence in a Forensics Lab
 Obtaining a Digital Signature and Analyzing it
 Processing Digital Evidence
 Storing Digital Evidence
 Evidence Retention and Media Storage Requirements
 Forensics Tool: Dcode
 Forensics Tool: WinHex
 Forensics Tool: PDA Secure
 Forensics Tool: Device Seizure

Module 27: Understanding Windows, DOS, Linux, and Macintosh

 File Systems
 Types of File Systems

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  Understanding System Boot Sequence
 Exploring Microsoft File Structures
 Exploring Microsoft File Structures: FAT vs. NTFS
 FAT
o FAT Structure
 NTFS
o NTFS Architecture
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o NTFS System Files

 Encrypted File Systems (EFS)
o EFS File Structure
 CDFS
 Comparison of File Systems
 Exploring Microsoft File Structures: Cluster
 Gathering Evidence on Windows Systems
 Gathering Volatile Evidence on Windows
 Example: Checking Current Processes With Forensic Tool pslist
 Example: Checking Open Ports With Forensic Tool fport
 Checking Registry Entries
 Features of Forensic Tool: Resplendent Registrar
 How to Create a System State Backup
 Windows Forensics Tool: Helix
 Tools Present in Helix CD for Windows Forensics
 Integrated Windows Forensics Software: X-Ways Forensics
 Windows Forensics Tool: Traces Viewer
 UNIX Overview
 Linux Overview
 Exploring Unix/Linux Disk Data Structures
 Understanding Unix/Linux Boot Process

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  Understanding Linux Loader
 Popular Linux File Systems

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 Use of Linux as a Forensics Tool
 Advantages of Linux in Forensics
 Popular Linux Forensics Tools
 Mac OS X
 Mac Security Architecture Overview
 Exploring Macintosh Boot Tasks
 Mac OS X File System
 Mac Forensic Tool: MacLockPick
 Mac Forensic Tool: MacAnalysis

Module 28: Steganography

 Introduction
 Definition of Steganography
 Model of Stegosystem
 Application of Steganography
 Steganography Vs. Cryptography
 Classification of Steganography
 Technical Steganography
 Linguistic Steganography
 Digital Steganography
 Strides in Steganography
 Different Forms of Steganography
o Text File Steganography
• Hiding Information In Text Files
o Image File Steganography
o Steganography - Steps for Hiding Information

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 o Audio File Steganography
• Low-bit Encoding in Audio Files
o Video File Steganography
 Hiding Information in DNA
 Steganographic File System
 Real World Applications of Steganography
 Practical Applications of Steganography
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 Unethical Use of Steganography

 Introduction to Stego-Forensics
 Detecting Steganography
 Detecting Text, Image, Audio and Video Steganography
 Steganography Tools
o Stegdetect
o Stego Watch
o Snow
o Fort Knox
o S- Tools
o Steghide
o Mp3Stego
o Invisible Secrets

Module 29: Analyzing Logs

 Computer Security Logs
o Operating System Logs
o Application Logs
o Security Software Logs
 Importance of Logs in Forensics
 Security Logging

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  Examining Intrusion and Security Events
 Logon Event in Window

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 Windows Log File
 Logging in Windows
 Remote Logging in Windows
 Ntsyslog
 Logs and Legal Issues
o Legality of Using Logs
o Laws and Regulations
 Log Management
o Functions of Log Management
o Challenges in Log Management
 Centralized Logging and Syslogs
o Central Logging Design
o Centralized Logging Setup
o Logging in Unix / Linux -Syslog
o Remote Logging with Syslog
o Significance of Synchronized Time
o Event Gathering
o EventCombMT
o Writing Scripts
o Event Gathering Tools
o Dumpel
o LogDog
o Forensic Tool: fwanalog
 Log Capturing and Analysis Tools
o Syslog-ng Logging System
o WinSyslog Syslog Server

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 o Kiwi Syslog Server

Module 30: E-mail Crime and Computer Forensics

 Email System
 Internet Protocols
 Email Client
 Email Server
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 Exploring the Roles of the Client and Server in E-mail

 Phishing Attack
 Reasons for Successful Phishing
 Identifying E-mail Crimes and Violations
 Investigating Email Crime and Violation
 Obtain a Search Warrant and Seize the Computer and Email Account
 Obtain a Bit-by-Bit Image of Email Information
 Sending E-mail Using Telnet
 Viewing E-mail Headers
 Viewing Headers in Microsoft Outlook
 Viewing Headers in AOL
 Viewing Headers in Hotmail
 Viewing Headers in Gmail
 Gmail Header
 Examining an E-mail Header
 Tracing an E-mail Message
 Using Network Logs Related to E-mail
 Tracing Back
 Tracing Back Web Based E-mail
 Searching E-mail Addresses
 E-mail Search Site

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  Using Specialized E-mail Forensic Tools
o EnCase Forensic

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o FTK Imager
o FINALeMAIL
o Netcraft
o eMailTrackerPro
o E-mail Examiner
o LoPe
 U.S. Laws Against Email Crime: CAN-SPAM Act
 Email Crime Law in Washington: RCW 19.190.020

Module 31: Introduction to Writing Investigative Report

 Computer Forensic Report
 Significance of Investigative Reports
 Computer Forensics Report Template
 Report Specifications
 Report Classification
 What to Include in an Investigative Report
 Layout of an Investigative Report
 Writing a Report
 Guidelines for Writing a Report
 Salient Features of a Good Report
 Important Aspects of a Good Report
 Investigative Report Format
 Attachments and Appendices
 Report and Expert Opinion
 Use of Supporting Material
 Sample Forensic Report

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  Sample Report
 Writing Report Using FTK

Module 32: Computer Forensics as a Profession

 Introduction
 Developing Computer Forensics Resources
 Computer Forensics Experts
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 Preparing for Computing Investigations

 Enforcement Agency Investigations
 Corporate Investigations
 Maintaining Professional Conduct
 Legal Issues
 Approach to Forensic Investigation: A Case Study
 Email Infidelity in a Computer Forensics Investigation Case Study

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 For Training Requirements, Please
Contact EC-Council ATC.

Page 39
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