HAVING FUN

Underground Blasting
Specifications Rock Conditions Explosives Round Design

Specifications
Safety
Clearing and Guarding Storage, Transportation, & Inventory MSDS program Lightning monitoring & Evacuation Misfires & Cut off handling Plan for fire fighting Plan for responsibilities for all personnel involved with day to day explosives operations

SPECIFICATIONS
BLAST PLAN
CONTROLLED BLAST TECHNIQUE (HOLE LOCATION, SPACING, DIAMETER, LOADING DETAILS, FULL FACE ROUNDS, SLASH ROUNDS, HOLE THRU ROUNDS) DETAILS OF EXPLOSIVE TYPE, AMOUNTS, INITIATION, PRIMING, DELAY PERIODS, STEMMING TYPES, CHARGE WEIGHTS DETAILS OF BLAST MONITORING EQUIPMENT, TRAINING DETAILS OF DRILLING EQUIPMENT, ALIGNMENT TECHNIQUES, AND CONTROL OF OVER DRILLING HOLE CHARGING METHODS INITIATION SYSTEM HOOK UP PLAN FOR SPILL PREVENTION (EXPLOSIVES OR DRILLING FLUIDS) CONSULTANTS HRS OF BLASTING

Rock Conditions
Massive
defined break, good presplit, minimal ground support

Layered
sedimentary, energy loss, cutoffs

Seamy with Slips

Weathering, faulting, gouging, cutoffs

Soft / Spongy
Sandstone, saprolite

Wet / Dry
Will determine powder cost and advance rate

Explosives
Stick Powder Bulk Explosives Detonators Storage

Stick Powder
Dynamites
Wide range of densities Wide range of packaging Wide range of dimensions Water resistance is good Fumes are not good Wide range of densities but les than dynamites Wide range of packaging Wide range of dimensions Water resistance is good Fumes are not good

Emulsions

Bulk Explosives
Anfo
Ammonia nitrate and fuel oil blend Cheap, storage is easier, breaks good Bulk Loading, Storage, poured, pumped, augered Does not mix with water Can be blended hot or cold

Slurry
Oxidized solution of ammonia nitrate Cheap, storage is easier, breaks good Bulk Loading, Storage, poured, pumped, augered Does mix with water Can be blended hot or cold

Detonators
Blasting Caps
Nonel (LP, MS) (Lengths, delay periods) Electric initiation

Boosters (cast, stingers, slip on)

High explosives Gets the column of explosives moving Used in vertical holes mostly

Detonating Cords
High Explosives to initiate timing devices Cords burn at 40,000 fps

Storage
FEDS STATE
FEDERAL (ATF) STATE (Department of labor) LOCAL (Fire Marshal and Police) Community (They usually know the job better than we do)

MAGAZINES
Scaled Distance (From Highways, Schools, ETC., buildings) Quanity per magazine / Distance between magazines Deliveries (neighborhoods, boats, Coast Guard)

Round Design
Cross Section Round Design Round Length Quantity

Cross Section
Full Face
Horseshoe, Modified Horseshoe, Arch & Vertical Sidewalls

Center Cut and Slash

Dimensions of Slash and Leads

Top Heading and Bench

Dimensions of TH & BB

Pilot Tunnel
Drive Pilot for design and geologic mapping

Round Design
Holes per round
DLF / NCY or HOLES / SF +/- 2.5 PATTERN

Burn holes per round

Do not cheat = Low vibration, Good snap break, Dollars

Perimeter Holes
Safety, 10% OB = 50% more Concrete

Lifter Holes
Ease of mucking, key to RAT

Hole Diameter
Powder dimensions, Drill Production, Cleanliness of holes

Round Length
Per Specification
Spec will call out round length, contractors choice

Test Rounds
Verification for designer / owner

Lbs per cubic yard

High = sm x section Low = lg x section Overall = Loading technique

Loadability
Cleanliness of holes / Blowing holes Packaging for explosives

Quantify
Total drilled linear ft
750 ft per round x rounds = total dlf (dollars)

Total time of drilling

3.2 hrs per round x rounds = days, shifts, wks (dollars)

Consumables
Drill bits and steel = 750 ft per round x 300 rnds = 225,000 dlf x .45 = $101,250 Drill repair = 225,000 dlf x 1.00 = $225,000 Explosives = 5000 lf of tunnel x 7.25 ncy per ft x $20.00 per ncy = $725,000

Any Questions ?

Biography
Ken Quintana / 51 years old My wife Karen and I have been married for 25 years, we have 2 daughters, one graduated from the University of San Diego this past year and the other is a freshman at the University of Nebraska. I finished High School and went underground with my family for the summer and never to return. I have come up through the ranks and, and feel very fortunate to have spent the majority of my career with t he Kiewit Company (Not the biggest just the Best) I have 33 years of Tunneling and Mining experience, and would not trade this experience for any other occupation in the world. Although a fly by in an F-17 or a dive in a Submarine would be cool. I have worked in 14 states, and have never been in a town that I didn t like. I feel our family is stronger due to the travel. I have 25 miles of Tunnel Boring Experience. I have 28,000 ft of Drill and Blast experience. I have 3000 VF of Shaft experience. So, do not call me an expert, I am just a person who has made all the mistakes first.