English Class When Verbs Act Like Something Other than Verbs Gerund - a verbal form that is used

d as a noun; it can function as a subject, a direct object, or an object of a preposition - it is formed by adding the ending -ing to the root form of a verb Example: She was not to blame for breaking the vase. (breaking is a gerund used as an object of the preposition for) Participle - a verbal form that is used as an adjective It has two forms: - present participle - formed by adding the ending -ing to the root form of a verb - past participle - may end in -ed, -d, -t, or -n; on some irregular verbs, it may be a completely different form of verb Example: The boy, calling loudly, was looking for his mother. (calling is a present participle acting as an adjective to boy) Infinitive - a verbal form that can be used as a noun, an adjective, or an adverb - it is formed by added the word to before the root form of a verb Example: He wanted to go tomorrow. (to go is used as a noun, the object of the verb wanted) Exercise Underline the gerund, participle, or infinitive. Identify what it is, and what function it serves in the sentence. Example: We enjoyed his singing and dancing. gerund; direct object 1. By adding storm windows, she saved on her electricity bill. ____________________________________________________________________ 2. One of Annies favorite pastimes is telling Irish folktales. ____________________________________________________________________ 3. Using his money wisely, Dan buys secondhand books. ____________________________________________________________________ 4. Landing a jet plane on an aircraft carrier requires precision. ____________________________________________________________________ 5. Susan loves to hear the ocean waves at the beach. ____________________________________________________________________

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