RTL with Active Pull-up

Fan-out of RTL with Active Pull-up

Determined by the output high state as QS is cut-off for low-inputs

Simplified output high state

Simplified input high state

Simplified output-high fan-out configuration

I OUT = I EP

VCC VCE (SAT ) VOUT R CP

I N = OH I IH

VOUT (min) = VIH

I IN =

VOUT VBE (SAT ) RB / 2

VIH = VBE (SAT ) +

VCC VCE (SAT )

FR C

RB

Diode-Transistor Logic (DTL)

Basic DTL Inverter

Basic DTL NAND Gate

Diode Modified DTL Inverter

Transistor Modified DTL Inverter

VTC of Transistor Modified DTL Inverter

VOH = VCC VOL = VCE,O(SAT)

VIL = VBE,O(FA) + VBE,L(FA) VIH = VBE,O(SAT) + VBE,L(FA)

DTL Fan-out

Determined by the output low state as DI is off for high-inputs

Cascaded DTL

I OL = I C,O (SAT ) I RC

I B,O = I E ,L I RD

I N = OL I IL

I RC =

VCC VCE ,O (SAT ) RC

I RD =
Path 2
I E ,L I IL =

VBE ,O (SAT ) RD
R B
RB

VCC VBE ,L ( FA ) VD ,L ( ON ) VBE ,O (SAT )

I C ,O (SAT ) = F I B,O (SAT )

For maximum fan-out = 1

VCC VD ,I ( ON ) VCE ,O (SAT )

Path 3

Example: Calculate the DTL fan-out for F = 49 and = 0.85.

Power Dissipation

Example: Calculate the average power dissipation for the above example?

Tansistor-Transistor Logic (TTL)

Basic TTL Inverter

Basic DTL Inverter (compare)

Basic TTL NAND Gate

Actual TTL NAND Gate with Totem Pole Output

VTC of an actual TTL Inverter

VOH = VCC VBE,P(FA) VD,L(ON) VOL = VCE,O(SAT)

VOB = VCC IRCRC VBE,P(FA) VD,L(ON)
I RC = I RD = VBE ,O ( FA ) RD

VIL = VBE,S(FA) VCE,I(SAT)) VIH = VBE,O(SAT) + VBE,S(SAT) VCE,I(SAT) VIB = VBE,O(FA) + VBE,S(FA) VCE,I(SAT)

States of diodes and BJTs

EOC: Edge of conduction

TTL Fan-out

Determined by the output low state as QI is cut-off for high-inputs

Cascaded TTL
Path 1
I IL = VCC VBE ,I (SAT ) VCE ,O (SAT ) RB

I E ,S(SAT ) = I B,S + I C,S

I OL = I C,O (SAT ) = F I B,O (SAT )
I C ,S = VCC VCE ,S(SAT ) VBE ,O (SAT ) RC

I N = OL I IL

I B,O (SAT ) = I E ,S(SAT ) I RD

I RD = VBE ,O (SAT ) RD

Path 2

I B,S = I C,I ( RA ) = (1 + R )I B,I

I B, I = VCC VBC,I ( RA ) VBE ,S(SAT ) VBE ,O (SAT ) RB

For maximum fan-out = 1

Example (TTL Fan-out) Example: Calculate the TTL fan-out for F = 25, = 0.85 and R = 0.1
IRB(OL) = 675 A IRC(OL) = 2.5 mA IIL= IRB(OH) = 1 mA IOL= 51.9 mA
I N = OL = 51 I IL

Example (Power Dissipation) Example: Calculate the average power dissipation for the above example?
PCC(avg) = 10.4 mW

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