CNG TY CP T VN D N IN LC DU KH

BAN QUN L K THUT

NGHIN CU H THNG THI TRO, X BN

TRONG NH MY NHIT IN VNG NG 1

H NI, THNG 6/2011

MC LC
TNG QUAN H THNG THI X VNG NG.........................................5
QUY M CNG SUT V NGUN THAN S DNG...............................5
GII PHP K THUT THI TRO X..........................................................8
Thi x y l.............................................................................................8
Thi tro bay................................................................................................9
S LIU TRO X C TH CA D N......................................................10
Lng tro x thi......................................................................................10
Lng tro x thi ca mt t my.....................................................10
STT..................................................................................................11
Ni dung..........................................................................................11
n v..............................................................................................11
S liu..............................................................................................11
1.......................................................................................................11
X y l..........................................................................................11
T/h....................................................................................................11
20.....................................................................................................11
2.......................................................................................................11
Tro b hm nc..............................................................................11
T/h....................................................................................................11
5.......................................................................................................11
3.......................................................................................................11
Tro b kh NOx...............................................................................11
T/h....................................................................................................11
5.......................................................................................................11
4.......................................................................................................11
Tro ca B sy khng kh v ESP....................................................11
T/h....................................................................................................11
81.....................................................................................................11
Nhu cu nc thi x...........................................................................11
Cc nhu cu s dng nc ca h thng tro x ca d n VA1 nh
sau.....................................................................................................................11
STT..................................................................................................11
Ni dung..........................................................................................11

n v..............................................................................................11
S liu..............................................................................................11
Nc mn.........................................................................................11
Nc ngt........................................................................................11
1.......................................................................................................11
Nc trn x.....................................................................................11
m3/ca................................................................................................11
30.....................................................................................................11
x.......................................................................................................11
2.......................................................................................................11
Nc chn my nghin....................................................................11
m3/ca................................................................................................11
8.......................................................................................................11
x.......................................................................................................11
3.......................................................................................................11
Nc cao p vn chuyn x..............................................................11
m3/ca................................................................................................11
300...................................................................................................11
x.......................................................................................................11
4.......................................................................................................11
Nc b sung thuyn x...................................................................11
m3/ca................................................................................................11
408...................................................................................................11
x.......................................................................................................11
5.......................................................................................................11
Nc vn chuyn tro...................................................................11
m3/ca................................................................................................11
6036.................................................................................................11
x.......................................................................................................11
6.......................................................................................................11
Nc dch v chn bm...................................................................11
m3/ca................................................................................................11
218...................................................................................................11
x.......................................................................................................11

7.......................................................................................................11
Nc cho Ec. SCR ash.....................................................................11
m3/ca................................................................................................11
1120.................................................................................................11
x.......................................................................................................11
8.......................................................................................................11
Nc b sung...................................................................................11
m3/h.................................................................................................11
1104.................................................................................................11
x.......................................................................................................11
9.......................................................................................................11
Nc hi..........................................................................................11
m3/h.................................................................................................11
688...................................................................................................11
x.......................................................................................................11
Tng nhu cu nc mn...................................................................11
m3/h.................................................................................................11
987,75..............................................................................................11
x.......................................................................................................11
Tng nhu cu nc dch v..............................................................11
m3/h.................................................................................................11
27,3..................................................................................................11
x.......................................................................................................11
Nh vy tng lng x thi ln nht ca nh my l 222 T/h v tng
nhu cu nc thi x l 1015 m3/h tng ng vi t l ~ 4.5. Trng hp c
nc hi v cn phi b sung mt lng nc l 1015 688 = 327 m3/h........11
NH GI VIC CHUYN I NGUN NC THI X.......................12
THC TRNG H THNG NC NGT..................................................12
KH NNG CHUYN I NC VN CHUYN X..............................13
nh gi d liu thit k..........................................................................13
nh gi kh nng chuyn i nc vn chuyn tro x............................13
KT LUN V KIN NGH.........................................................................14
KT LUN.....................................................................................................14
KIN NGH.....................................................................................................14

TNG QUAN H THNG THI X VNG NG

QUY M CNG SUT V NGUN THAN S DNG
D n nh my nhit in Vng ng 1 do Tp on Du kh Quc gia Vit Nam lm
Ch u t vi quy m cng sut 1200 MW, gm 02 t my 600 MW, thng s hi
cn ti hn. Nh my c xy d ti x K Li, huyn K Anh, tnh H Tnh. Nh
my s dng than cm 5 trong nc, khai thc t khu vc Hn Gai - Cm Ph vi
nhu cu ~2,91 triu tn /nm.
c tnh than v tro x ca nh my nh sau:
Bng 1: Thnh phn ha hc ca than thit k l hi

STT
1

Thng s
Moisture ( as received basic )%

K hiu
Wlv
Rainning season
Dry season
annualy

Mu thit k
Di gi tr

Gi tr TK

5.3- 11.12
9.02 - 12.5
6.3 - 10.68
5.3- 11.12

8.2
9.8
7.8
8.2

0.59 - 2.23

1.1

26.9 - 32.2

30.9

4.1 - 6.2

5.1

Moisture (air dry basic )%

Ash - content(air dry basic )%

Volatile (air dry basic )%

Wpt
Apt
Vpt

Cacbon content Fixed at Dry basic

%

C fk

Lower Heating Value (kcal/kg) at as

received basic

QTLV

4950 - 5170

5055

Chemical compositions of coal ( as

received basic) %

Cpt
Hpt
Opt
Npt

60.09 - 65.4

61.8

1.7 - 2.6

2.1

1.4 - 3.0

2.64

0.6 - 1.1

0.8

0.4 - 1.1

0.62

pt

92.50

Bng 2: c tnh tro x ca than thit k l hi

STT
I

Thng s

K hiu

Gi tr thit k
Di gi tr

Gi tr thit k

OXIDES COMPOSITION

SILICON

SiO2

56.78 - 62.86

60.15

ALUMINIUM

Al2O3

23.3 - 28.4

24.20

3
4
5
6

IRON

Fe2O3
CaO
Na2O
MnO

4.04 - 11.6
0.45 - 1.1
0.2 - 0.4
0.10 - 0.17

6.70
0.73
0.30
0.11

TiO2
MgO

0.7 - 1.3
0.62 - 1.3

0.90
1.20

K2O

3.8 - 4.6

4.30

7
8
9

CALCIUM
NATRIUM
MANGANESE
TITANIUM
MAGNESIUM
POTASSIUM

10

SULPHUR

SO3

0.42 - 1.1

0.60

11

PHOSPHORUS

P2O5

0.5 - 0.9

0.80

Zn
Cu
Cr
Cd
As
Pb
Hg

0.3 - 1.8
10.0 - 70.0
0.12 - 0.20
0.1 - 0.7
39 - 53
0.7 - 1.7
0.12 - 0.30

0.8
25
0.17
0.5
50
1.5
0.25

20

Initial Deformation Temperature

of ash (T1)

T1

1200 - 1300

1220

21

Hemispherical Temperature of
ash (T2)

T2

1280 - 1420

1300

22

Flow Temperature of ash (T3)

T3

1400 - 1530

1410

METALL ELEMENT

12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19

Zinc(mg/g)
Copper(microg/g)
Crom (mg/g)
Cadimi (microg/g)
Asen (microg/g)
Lead (mg/g)
Hg (microg/g)
Ash fusion temperatures

Bng Table 3: c tnh vt l ca than thit k ca l hi

STT

1
2
3
4
5

Thng s
Ignition Temperature (deg.C)
Resistance ( om.m.106)
Angle of repose (deg.)
Ash Bulk Volume
Bulk Density (g/cm3)

K hiu
Oc
om.m.106
Deg
cm3/3g
g/cm3

Mu TK
Di gi tr

Gi tr TK

320 - 410
0.3 - 2.7
34 - 37
6.4 - 10.9
1.3 - 1.65

370
1.56
36
8.50
1.60

6
7

Compacted Density (g/cm3)

g/cm3

1.0 - 1.1

1.10

mm, %
mm, %
mm, %
mm, %

2.0 - 8.4
15.5 - 24.2
14.3 - 35.0
45.9 - 75. 3
38-47

3.40
18.60
22.00
56.00
42.00

Size Distribution

10mm< size <15mm

5mm< size <10mm
2.5mm< size <5mm
size <2.5mm
HGY

Bng 4: Bn gi tr c bn ca than thit k l hi

STT

Thng s

n v

Gi tr
Air dry
Basic

As
received

Dry Basic

Dry ash
free

Calorific Value

High Heating Value

Kcal/kg

5610

5205

5707

8131

Lower Heating Value

Kcal/kg

5449

5055

5543

7896

II

Proximate Analyses

Moisture

Moisture (air dry basic)

1.10

Volatile

5.10

4.73

5.19

7.50

Ash - content

30.90

28.67

31.43

III

Ultimate Analyses

Cacbon C

61.80

57.34

62.87

89.67

Hydro H

2.10

1.95

2.14

3.05

Oxiden O

2.64

2.45

2.69

3.83

Nitrozen N

0.80

0.74

0.81

1.16

Sulphur total

0.62

0.58

0.63

0.90

8.2

GII PHP K THUT THI TRO X

Thi x y l
H thng c chc nng lm mt, thu gom v thi tro x ca l hi. Tro x ri
vo bng ti xch co ngp nc, qua my nghin, bng ti v n phu x t

hoc silo x kh. T silo x kh, x s c cp cho cc xe ti ch i tiu

th. Trng hp x khng c tiu th, x c a v phu x t v dng
cc bm thy lc y bn x v h bn x v t c bm ra ngoi bi thi.
X sau my nghin c kch thc nh hn 50 mm.
Nc dng thi x l nc hi, b sung t nc bin. Nc chn bm l
nc dch v ca nh my.
Thng s ca mt s hn mc thit b ca h thng
STT

Hng mc, thit b

c im k thut

Phu x t

Dng W, dung tch 200m3, bng thp cn.

Phu cha x kh

Dng ch V, 02 phu, dung tch mi phu 400

m3, lm bng b tng ct thp. Tng ng
24 gi vn hnh.

Phu tro bay b SCR

8 ci

Phu tro bay b Eco.

8 ci

B x trn thuyn x

Nhn nc trn thuyn x v h hp bn tro

t SCR v Eco. Cng sut 460 m3 (600m3
theo bn v). Lm bng b tng ct thp

Thi tro bay

Nh my s dng kt hp phng php chn khng v kh nn thi tro bay.
Tro bay c gom t cc phu ca b sy khng kh, b lc bi tnh in v
phu trung gian bng phng php chn khng v cc phu tro bay trung gian.
T phu trung gian tro bay s c a v cc silo tro bay bng phng php
kh nn. T cc silo tro bay , tro bay c ln cc xe ti kn hoc h em
i tiu th. Trng hp khng tiu th c, tro bay cc silo s c cc
bm thy lc y ra ti b bn v t y c bm ra bi thi.
Silo tro bay c thit k cha c 1838 tn tro cho mt l hi, tng ng
24 gi vn hnh.

S LIU TRO X C TH CA D N
Lng tro x thi
Lng tro x thi ca mt t my

STT Ni dung

n v

S liu

X y l

T/h

20

Tro b hm nc

T/h

Tro b kh NOx

T/h

Tro ca B sy khng kh v ESP

T/h

81

Nhu cu nc thi x
Cc nhu cu s dng nc ca h thng tro x ca d n VA1 nh sau
STT Ni dung

n v

S liu

Nc mn

Nc trn x

m3/ca

30

Nc chn my nghin

m3/ca

Nc cao p vn chuyn x m3/ca

300

Nc b sung thuyn x

m3/ca

408

Nc vn chuyn tro

m3/ca

6036

Nc dch v chn bm

m3/ca

218

Nc cho Ec. SCR ash

m3/ca

1120

Nc b sung

m3/h

1104

Nc hi

m3/h

688

Tng nhu cu nc mn

m3/h

987,75

Tng nhu cu nc dch v

m3/h

27,3

Nc ngt

Nh vy tng lng x thi ln nht ca nh my l 222 T/h v tng nhu cu

nc thi x l 1015 m3/h tng ng vi t l ~ 4.5. Trng hp c nc
hi v cn phi b sung mt lng nc l 1015 688 = 327 m3/h.
Din tch bi thi x ca nh my Vng ng 1 l 50,3 ha, p cao 20m. cho
nh my vn hnh 13.7 nm khi khng bn tro bay, v 47,7 nm khi bn ht tro
bay.

NH GI VIC CHUYN I NGUN NC THI X

THC TRNG H THNG NC NGT
a) Theo bo co cung cp nc ngt giai on PRE-FEED
Theo bo co cung cp nc ngt ca nh my v cc ti liu khc v h thng
cung cp nc ngt ca nh my c th tm tt nh sau:
Nc ngt t h thng ca Sng Tr cch nh my khong 26 km s

c dn bng ng ng thng v cung cp nc ngt cho 02 nh

my nhit in Vng ng 1 v Vng ng 2. Nh my Vng ng 3 s
c cp nc t ngun ny nu xy dng mt s cng trnh dn nc
b sung cho h thng Sng Tr.

Nhu cu nc ngt ca nh my Vng ng 1 v Vng ng 2 l 672

m3/h/nh my. Nc ngt c cung cp cp nc cho cc nhu cu

sau: Nc lm mt mch kn, nc kh khong, nc dch v, nc
phng chy cha chy v cc nhu cu khc.

Trm bm nc ngt c thit k xy dng cp nc cho c 02 nh

my Vng ng 1 v Vng ng 2. Trm bm c thit k gm

03x100% bm, nng sut mi bm 700 m3/h v 2x100% ng ng
dn nc (100% tng ng vi nhu cu ca 1 nh my). Trm bm
c thit k vn hnh 24 gi/ngy. ng knh ng dn 350 mm, tc
nc tnh ton i trong ng l 2 m/s.

Nc dng cho vic thi x l nc bin. Cc tnh ton nhu cu s dng

nc ngt trong nh my ch khong 450 m3/h.

b) Theo cc ti liu thit k chi tit giai on EPC

Ti liu thit k chi tit ca d n nh my nhit in Vng ng 1 ch tnh ton

nhu cu nc ngt trong phm vi hng ro nh my. Vic u t xy dng
cng trnh cp nc ngt cho d n do mt n v khc ca tnh H Tnh thc
hin.
Theo ti liu thit k chi tit th nhu cu s dng nc ngt ca nh my c th
tm tt nh sau:
transmital 199, nc ngt c cp t h Thng sng Tr c n

h cp nc th ca nh my c dung tch 450 m3 v c 03 bm

(3x50%) cng sut 225 m3/h.bm bm qua cc h thng lc nc ca
nh my v cha 04 bn nc dch v ca nh my, mi b c dung
tch 3000 m3. T cc bn nc dch v ny nc c bm n cc
ni s dng.

H thng c thit k vi nhu cu nc th trung bnh ca nh my

l 432 m3/h.

 Transmital s 404 v h thng x l nc, Nh thu c tnh n vic

dng nc ngt cung cp b sung cho phu x y l vi nhu cu l
t 114 120 m3/h.l. V vy, nc b sung cho phu x y l c
tinh ton 240 m3/h. H cp nc th c thit k c dung tch 2000
m3.
Lng nc thi ca nh my thi ra trung bnh 150 m3/h. H nc

thi x l c dung tch 150 m3 / 2 na.

KH NNG CHUYN I NC VN CHUYN X

nh gi d liu thit k
D vo cc s liu phn trn ta c th nhn thy:
Ti liu thit k chi tit ca nh my Vng ng 1 vn cn mt s ni

dung cha thng nht.

Thit k tnh n vic cp nc ngt b sung cho phu x y l

nhng h thng thi x li thit k s dng hon ton nc bin.
Nh my c thit k c tnh n vic thi kh c tro ln x v d
phng kh ca nh my l 24 gi.
Ngoi vic cp nc th cho cc nhu cu khc ca nh my nh my

cn kh nng cp khong 230-250 m3 cho h thng thi tro x.

nh gi kh nng chuyn i nc vn chuyn tro x

a) Kh nng chuyn i cng ngh thi x
Nh my nhit in Vng ng 1 i vo thc hin hp ng EPC. Vic thit
k mua sm, thi cng v ang thc hin. Do vy vic thay i thit k h
thng thi x gim nhu cu s dng nc l rt kh c Ch u t chp
thun.
b) Kh nng chuyn ngun nc s dng thi x
Vi thit k hin ti ca Nh my th hon ton c th chuyn i vic s dng
nc mn thi x sang s dng nc ngt v nhng l do sau y:
Nh my c thit k bn tro x kh ngay ti trong nh my. Do

vy nh my c th thi kh hon ton v ch cn b sung nc cho

thuyn x y l vi lu lng 446 m3/ca (~56 m3/h).

C th yu cu n v thu gom tro x bng Hp ng thu gom tro x c

trch nhim b tr khu lu tr tro x m bo thu gom tro x ca nh
my mt cch lin tc.
Nh my c th thi lng x ln nht ra bi thi bng vic s dng

ngun nc th. Nhu cu nc b sung trong trng hp ny l 301

m3/h (26 m3/h c thit k cung cp nc chn bm). Nc ny

c th c ly 230 m3/h t ngun nc th cn d v b sung thm
nc thi c x l ca nh my.

KT LUN V KIN NGH

KT LUN
tn dng ngun tro x thi qu t nh my nhit in Vng ng 1,

Ch u t cn xem xt vic tiu th tro x, em li li li ch cho Ch

u t v x hi.

Nh my hon ton c th s dng nc ngt vn chuyn ton b

lng tro x thi ca nh my ra bi thi.

KIN NGH
Ch u t cn chuyn i ngun nc vn chuyn tro x t nc mn

sang nc ngt. Bng cch gi nguyn c bn h thng thi tro x, thay

i v tr cc bm cp nc b sung sang ngun nc ngt v m rng
h cp nc th hin hu m bo cung cp nc ngt cho h thng
thi tro x.

Kim tra v lm vic li vi n v u t xy dng h thng cung cp

nc ngt cho nh my d phng cp nc cho nh my trong
trng hp phi thi tro x ra bi thi.
Lm vic li vi n v thu gom tro x xc nhn cam kt thu gom
tro x kh t nh my mt cch lin tc.