1.

Immobilising enzymes y ADVANTAGES:

1.ENZYMES ARE NOT PRESENT IN THE PRODUCTS, SO NO NEED OF PURIFICATION. 2. ENZYMES ARE IMMEDIATELY AVAILABLE FOR REUSE. SO A CONTINUOUS PROCESS CAN BE CARRIED OUT. 3. IMMOBILIZED ENZYMES ARE MORE STABLE.

DISADVANTAGES:
1. IMMOBILIZATION REQUIRED ADDITIONAL TIME, MORE EQUIPMENT AND MATERIALS. 2. THESE ENZYMES ARE LESS ACTIVE HAS THEY DON'T MIX FREELY WITH SUBSTRATE. 3. ANY CONTAMINATION WILL EFFECT ALL THE WHOLE SYSTEM.

2. Dipsticks
A dipstick is one of several devices dipped into a liquid to perform a chemical test or to provide a measure of quantity of the liquid. 3. Biosensors A biosensor is an analytical device for the detection of an analyte that combines a biological component with a physicochemical detector component.

The glucose biosensor works as follows : It contains a layer of immobilised glucose oxidase enzyme. This enzyme binds with any glucose in the blood, which is oxidised with dissolved oxygen from the solution to form hydrogen peroxide and gluconic acid. An electrode (usually platinum) measures the drop in oxygen concentration as it is used to make hydrogen peroxide. The electrode generates an electrical signal. The size of the electrical signal is proportional to the concentration of glucose
in the blood. A digital readout gives the user a figure for the glucose concentration