Chia Khoa Vang 530 Luyen Thi Cap Toc Bao Toan Nguyento

Hy s huTuyn tp100 thi th C-H gii chi tit v 3 tp
cha kha vng gii nhanh ha hc.

CH CN T THI GIAN NA L THI I HC, MT MC
QUAN TRONG TRONG CUC I, VY CC BN TRANG
B NHNG G CHO K THI Y KH KHN V KHC LIT
NY. BN PHI C MT CUC CHIN TRANH MT MT
MT CN V T L CHI TRUNG BNH 1/10, NGHA L BN
PHI LOI 1O I TH KHC BC VO U TRNG
DANH GI. MI NGI U C CON NG RING
NHNG IU CHUNG NHT L BN C NHNG TI
LIU G PHC V K THI TI. VY PHNG PHP M
TI KHUYN CC BN HY XEM QUA L: BN HY S
HU 30 CHA KHA VNG GII NHANH V C , HU C
V 100 THI TH C P N GII V CNG CHI TIT,
NU BN CN THIU CHA KHA VNG HAY TH HY
GI CHO TI S HU N, NU BN THY HAY THI HY
NHN TIN CHO TI, NU BN THY KHNG HAY THI HY
NHN TIN GP NH: XIN CHN THNH CM N. NU
BN MUN HC MT KHA N THI CP TC V TH
THUT DA VO D KIN BI TON CHN P N
NG NGH AN TH HY GI CHO TI NH: 098.92.92.117
nh vy trong MT THI GIAN NGN ti gi ln violet 10 cKV
trong tng s 30 ckv, hi vng n s gip phn no yn tm
hn trc khi bc vo k thi c-h nm 2011.
( gm CKV1,2,3,4,5,9,11,12,13, 20).
Cha kha vng 5.
ph ng php bo ton nguyn t
I. c s l thuyt
Da vo nh lut bo ton nguyn t (BTNT) "Trong cc phn
ng ho hc thng thng th cc nguyn t lun c bo ton".
Ngha l: "Tng s mol nguyn t ca mt nguyn t M bt k
no th trc v sau phn ng lun bng nhau".
Thng s dng cho vic tnh ton mt kim loi, mt phi kim, mt
cht, trong nhiu cht, cn phi vit phng trnh phn ng nhiu
th phi ngh n nh lut bo ton nguyn t.
II. Bi ton p dng:
Bi ton 1: (Trch tuyn sinh H- C Khi A 2008). Cho hn
hp 2,7 gam nhm v 5,6 gam st vo 550 ml dung dch AgNO
3
1M.
Sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton th c m gam cht rn( bit
Fe
3+
/Fe
2+
ng trc Ag
+
/Ag). Gi tr m gam l:
A. 59,4 gam B. 64,8 gam C. 32,4 gam
D. 54,0 gam
Thc s: Nguyn Vn Ph: T 098 92 92 117.
Email: phueuro@gmail.com
1
Bi gii:
Phn ng xy ra hon ton, nn: AgNO
3
Ag + NO
3
-

p dng LBT nguyn t bc: 0,55 0,55mol
3
Ag AgNO Ag
Ag
n n n 0, 55mol; m 0, 55.108 59, 4g
+

A ng
Ch : - Nu phn ng khng hon ton hoc AgNO
3
phn ng ang
cn d th khng p dng c LBT nguyn t
- Nu
Al Fe
Ag
n 3n 2n 0, 5mol
+
m
Ag
= 0,5 . 108 = 54,0g
D sai
Bi ton 2: (Trch tuyn sinh H- C Khi B 2008). Nung mt
hn hp rn gm a mol FeCO
3
v b mol FeS
2
trong bnh kn cha
khng kh d, sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, a bnh v
nhit ban u th c cht rn duy nht l Fe
2
O
3
v hn hp kh.
Bit p sut trc v sau phn ng u bng nhau. Mi lin h gia v
b l: ( bit sau cc phn ng lu hunh c s xi ha +4, th tch cc
cht rn khng ng k)
A. a=0,05b B. a=b C. a=4b D. a=2b
Bi gii:
3 2 3
a a / 2
2 2 3
b b/ 2
2FeCO Fe O
2FeS Fe O
'
p dng LBT nguyn t st

a b
2 2

a = b B ng
Ch : + Nu p dng LBT e :
2 3
1 4
Fe Fe 1e
(a b) (a b)
S S 5e
b 5b
+ +
+

+ +

'
+

a +b =5b a = 4b C sai (do cha bit s

mol (oxi)
Bi ton 3: Hn hp cht rn A gm 16 gam Fe
2
O
3
v 23.2 gam Fe
3
O
4
.
Ho tan hon ton A bng dung dch HCl d thu c dd B. Cho NaOH d
vo B, thu c kt ta C. Lc ly kt ta, ra sch ri em nung trong
khng kh n khi lng khng i thu c m gam cht rn D. Gi tr
m l:
A. 80 gam. B. 32.8 gam. C. 40 gam D. 16 gam.
Bi gii:
Thc s: Nguyn Vn Ph: T 098 92 92 117.
2

2 3 3 2
3 4 2 3 2
2
2 2
3 3
2 2 2 3
3 2 3 2
Fe O 6HCl 2FeCl 3H O
Fe O 8HCl FeCl 2FeCl 4H O
HCl NaOH NaCl H O
FeCl 2NaOH Fe(OH) 2NaCl
FeCl 3NaOH Fe(OH) 3NaCl
4Fe(OH) 2H O O 4Fe(OH)
2Fe(OH) Fe O 3H O
+ +
+ + +
+ +
+ +
'
+ +
+ +
+

2 3
3 4
Fe O
Fe O
16
n 0,1mol
160
23, 2
n 0,1mol
232

p dng nh lut bo ton nguyn t i vi st ta c:
nFe (trong D) = 0,1 . 2 + 0,1 . 3 = 0,5 mol
D
0, 5
n 0, 25mol
2

m
D
= 0,25 x 160 = 40 gam C ng
Ch : + Nu m
D
= 0,5 . 160 = 80 gam A sai
+ Nu m
D
= 0,1 . 112 + 0,1 . 168 + 0,1 . 48 = 32,8 gam B sai
+ Nu m
D
= 0,1 . 160 = 16 gam D sai
Bi ton 4: Sc kh clo vo dung dch NaBr v NaI n phn ng
hon ton ta thu c 1,17 gam NaCl. Xc nh s mol hn hp NaBr v
NaI c trong dung dch ban u.
A. 0.01 mol. B. 0.02 mol C. 0.04 mol D. 0.03 mol.
Bi gii:
- Phng trnh phn ng: Cl
2
+ 2NaBr 2NaCl + Br
2
Cl
2
+ 2NaI 2NaCl + I
2
- p dng nh lut bo ton nguyn t ta c:
NaBr NaI NaCl
1,17
n n n 0, 02mol
58, 5
+
Cu B ng
Ch : - Nu
NaBr NaI NaCl
1,17
n n 2n 2. 0, 04mol
58, 5
+
C sai
- Nu
NaCl
NaBr NaI
n 1 1,17
n n . 0, 01mol
2 2 58, 5
+ A sai
Bi ton 5: Ho tan ht m gam hn hp gm FeO, Fe
2
O
3
v Fe
3
O
4
bng HNO
3
c, nng thu c 4.48 lt kh NO
2
(ktc). C cn dung
dch sau phn ng c 145.2 gam mui khan. Gi tr m l:
A. 23.2 gam. B. 46.4 gam. C. 64.2 gam D. 26.4 gam.
Bi gii:
t a, b, c l s mol ca FeO, Fe
2
O
3
, Fe
3
O
4
Thc s: Nguyn Vn Ph: T 098 92 92 117.
3
5 4
2 3 2
N 1e N (NO )
Fe 1e Fe
4, 48
0, 2 0, 2mol a c (a c)mol
22, 4
+ +
+ +
+
>

' '
+ +
a + c = 0,2 mol: mui Fe(NO

3
)
3
c s mol l:
3 3 2 3
Fe( NO ) FeO Fe O 3 4
n n 2n 3Fe O a 2b 3c (a c) 2(b c) + + + + + + +
+ Theo nh lut bo ton nguyn t st:
3 3
Fe( NO )
145, 2
n 0, 6mol
242

(a + c) + 2 (b + c) = 0,6
0, 6 0, 2
b c 0, 2mol
2
+

3 4
FeO Fe O FeO
m m m m 72a 160b 232c + + + +
= 72(a + c) + 160 (b + c) = 72.0,2 + 160 . 0,2 = 46,4g B
ng
Bi ton 6: . Ho tan hon ton hn hp gm 6 gam FeS
2
v x gam
Cu
2
S vo HNO
3
va thu c dung dch Y (Y ch cha mui sunfat) v
kh duy nht NO
2
. Gi tr x l.
A.`8 gam B. 2 gam C. Khng xc nh c D. 4 gam
Bi gii:
Do Y ch cha mui sunpht nn ta c s :
2 4
2 2 4 3
Cu S 2CuSO (1)
x 2x
160 160
2FeS Fe (SO ) (2)
0, 05mol 0, 025mol
'
2
2
Cu S
FeS
x
n mol
160
6
n 0, 05mol
120

p dng nh lut bo ton nguyn t i vi lu hunh ta c:
x 2.x
0, 05.2 3.0.025
160 160
+ + x = 0,025 .160 = 4 gam D ng
Ch : - Nu (2)
2 2 4 3
x 2x
FeS Fe (SO ) 0, 05.2 3.0, 05
160 160
0, 05 0, 05
+ +

khng xc nh c C sai
- Ta c th thay cc gi tr x gam v 6g FeS
2
bng mt gi tr bt k
khc (c th s mol , g,)
- Kh thot ra khng nht thit l NO
2
, c th NO, N
2
O, N
2
v c th
hn hp kh ca Nit m khng lm nh hng n kt qu ca bi
ton.
Thc s: Nguyn Vn Ph: T 098 92 92 117.
4
Bi ton 7: kh hon ton 3,04 gam hn hp X gm FeO, Fe
3
O
4
,
Fe
2
O
3,
cn 0,05 mol H
2
. Mt khc ho tan hon ton 3,04 gam X trong
dung dch H
2
SO
4
c thu c V ml SO
2
(ktc). Gi tr V l:
A.112 ml B. 224 ml C. 336 ml D. 448
ml.
Bi gii:
Gi x, y z l s mol ca FeO, Fe
3
O
4 , Fe
2
O
3
:
Bn cht ca qu trnh kh trn l H
2
s ly O trong oxt to thnh
nc theo s :
O
(trong oxt)
+ H
2
H
2
O
0,05 0,05 0,05
p dng nh lut bo ton nguyn t i vi oxi ta c:
x + 4y + 3z = 0,05 (1)
p dng nh lut bo ton nguyn t i vi st ta c:
3, 04 16.0, 05
x 2y 2z 0, 04mol
56
+ + (2)
Ly (1) - (2) ta c: y + z = 0,01, T ta th vo (1) hoc (2)
x + y = 0,02
Trong cc oxit st th ch c FeO, Fe
3
O
4
phn ng vi H
2
SO
4
c SO
2
2FeO + 4 H
2
SO
4
Fe
2
(SO
4
)
3
+ SO
2
+ 4 H
2
O (3)
x x/2
2Fe
3
O
4
+ 10 H
2
SO
4
3Fe
2
(SO
4
)
3
+ SO
2
+ 10 H
2
O (4)
y y/2
T (3) v (4) ta suy ra:
2
SO
x y 0, 02
n 0, 01mol
2 2
+

2
SO
V 0, 01.22, 4 0, 224l 224ml
B ng
Ch : Nu khng cn bng (3) v (4)
2
SO
n x y 0, 02 +
V =
448ml D sai
Bi ton 8 : Cho 7.68 gam hn hp X gm FeO, Fe
3
O
4
, Fe
2
O
3
vo 260
ml dung dch HCl 1M v ta thu c dung dch Y. Cho dung dch
NaOH d vo dung dch Y thu c kt ta Z. em nung Z trong khng
kh n khi lng khng i th thu c m gam cht rn G. Gi tr
m l.
A. 18 gam B. 8 gam. C. 32 gam D. kt qu khc.
Bi gii:
Khi cho hn hp gm FeO, Fe
2
O
3
, Fe
3
O
4
tc dng vi HCl th bn cht
2H
+
+ O
2-
H
2
O
0,26 0,13 0,13
Thc s: Nguyn Vn Ph: T 098 92 92 117.
5
m
O
= 0,13 . 16 = 2,08 gam ,m
Fe (trong oxt)
= 7,68 - 16. 0,13 = 5,6 gam

Fe
5, 6
n 0,1mol
56

Sn phm cui cng ca qu trnh trn l: Fe
2
O
3
2 3 2 2 3 2 3
3 4 3 3
FeO
Fe O FeCl Fe(OH) Fe(OH) Fe O
Fe O FeCl Fe(OH)
| `

. ,

2 3 2 3
Fe O Fe O
0,1
n 0, 05mol m 0, 05.160 8gam
2
B ng
Ch : - Nu
2 3 2 3
Fe O Fe O
n 0,1mol m 16gam
A sai
- Nu
2 3 2 3
Fe O Fe O
n 0, 2mol m 32gam
C sai
- Nu m
O
= 0,13 . 32 = 4,16
Fe
7, 68 32.0,13
n 0, 06
56
l ,
kt qu khc
Bi ton 9: Cho 4,16 gam Cu tc dng vi 120 ml HNO
3
a M thu c
2,464 lt kh hn hp 2 kh NO v NO
2
. Gi tr nng mol a M l:
(Bit cc kh o ktc).
A.1.46 M B. 1.8765 M C. 2 M D. 3 M.
Bi gii:
- p dng nh lut bo ton nguyn t i vi nit ta c:
3 2
3
N(HNO ) N( NO NO)
N( NO )
n n n
+
+
2
3
Cu N( NO NO)
N( NO )
4,16 2, 464
n 2n 2. 0,13mol, n 0,11mol
64 22, 4
+

3 2
3
N(HNO ) (NO NO)
N(NO )
n n n 0,13 0,11 0, 24mol
+
+ +
Nng HNO
3
:
3
M(HNO )
0, 24
a C 2M
0,12

C ng
Ch : + Nu
3
Cu
N( NO )
n n 0, 065mol

3
N(HNO )
0,175
n 0, 065 0,11 0,175mol a 1, 46
0,12
+
A sai
+ Nu
3
Cu
N( NO )
1 0, 065
n n 0, 0325mol a 1,1875 Bsai
2 2

+ Nu cho bit hn hp trn (NO v NO
2
) c t khi so vi mt
cht no th ta c th p dng gii bi ny bng phng php bo
ton e.
Thc s: Nguyn Vn Ph: T 098 92 92 117.
6
Bi ton 10: Ho tan hon ton hn hp gm 11.2 gam Fe v 16 gam
Fe
2
O
3
vo HNO
3
long d th thu c dung dch A. Cho A tc dng
vi NaOH ri lc kt ta nung trong khng kh n khi lng khng i
th thu c m gam cht rn. Gi tr m l:
A. 16 gam B. 32 gam C. 64g D. kt qu
khc.
Bi gii:
p dng nh lut bo ton nguyn t Fe ta c: n
Fe
= 0,2 + 0,1 .2 =
0,4mol
2 3 2 3
Fe O Fe Fe O
1 0, 4
n n 0, 2mol m 0, 2.160 32gam
2 2
B ng
Bi ton 11: t chy hon ton 0,1 mol mi cht FeS
2
v CuS trong
khng kh ri cho sn phn chy tc dng va V ml dung dch KMnO
4
1M.
Gi tr V (ml) l:
A. 120 ml B.160 ml C. 80 ml D. 300 ml.
Bi gii:
p dng nh lut bo ton nguyn t S ta c:
2 2
SO FeS CuS
n 2n n 0,1.2 0,1 0, 3mol + +
Ta c phng trnh lm mt mu thuc tm:
5SO
2
+ 2 KMnO
4
+ 2H
2
O 2MnSO
4
+ K
2
SO
4
+ 2 H
2
SO
4
0,3 0,12mol

0,12
V 0,12 120ml
1
A ng
Ch : + Nu
2 2
SO FeS CuS
n n n 0, 2mol +
V = 0,08lt = 80ml C
sai
+ Nu khng cn bng:
4 2
KMnO SO
n n 0, 3mol 300ml >
D
sai
Bi ton 12: Ho tan 11.2 gam hn hp X gm Al v Fe trong HCl d
th thu c hn hp dung dch mui Y
1
v kh Y
2
. Cho dung dch Y
1
tc
dng vi NaOH d, lc kt ta ri nung trong khng kh n khi lng
khng i th thu c 8 gam cht rn Z. Thnh phn % Fe trong hn
hp u l:
A. 58,03 % B. 26.75 % C. 75.25 % D. 50.00
%.
Bi gii:
Sn phm ca qu trnh nung l:
3
3 2 3
FeCl Fe(OH)
HCl NaOH Fe 2 2
Al AlCl Al(OH)
3tan
Fe(OH) Fe O
+ +

Thc s: Nguyn Vn Ph: T 098 92 92 117.
7
2 3
Fe O
8
n 0, 05mol
160
. p dng nh lut bo ton nguyn t Fe ta
c:
2 3
Fe Fe O
n 2n 0, 05.2 0,1mol
m
Fe
= 0,1.56 = 5,6gam, %Fe
=50,00% D ng
Bi ton 13: Thi t t rt chm 2,24 lt hn hp kh X gm H
2
v CO
qua ng s ng 24gam hn hp gm (Al
2
O
3
, CuO, Fe
2
O
3
, Fe
3
O
4
) nhit
cao th thu c m gam 2 kim loi v mt oxit duy nht trong ng
s. Gi tr m l:
A. 22.40g B. 20.80g C. 17.60g D. 24.20g.
Bi gii:
Bn cht ca qu trnh trn l: H
2
v CO ly oxi trong oxt
(oxit ) 2
2 (oxit ) 2
CO O CO (1)
H O H O (2)
+

'
+

Theo (1) v (2) n

O (oxit)
= 0,1mol Khi lng oxi
phn ng l:
m
O
= 0,1 . 16 = 1,6g Cht rn bng: 24 - 1,6 = 22,4 gam A ng
Ch : + Nu n
O
= 0,2mol cht rn: 24 - 0,2 . 1,6 =20,8 gam B
sai
+ Nu n
O
= 0,2mol cht rn: 24 - 0,2 . 32 = 17,6 gam C sai
Oxt Al
2
O
3
rt bn nn C, H
2
, CO khng kh Al
2
O
3
Al
Bi ton 14: Cho 4.04 gam hh X gm 3 kim loi Fe, Cu, Al dng bt
tc dng hon ton vi oxi thu c hn hp Y gm cc oxit c khi lng
5.96 gam. Th tch dung dch HCl 2 M va phn ng ht vi
hn hp Y l:
A. 60 ml B. 120 ml C. 224 ml D. 30 ml.
Bi gii:
p dng nh lut bo ton khi lng: m
O (oxit)
= 5,96 - 4,04 = 1,92
gam
2
2
O
2H O H O 1, 92
n 0,12mol :
16
0, 24 0,12
+
+

'
V
HCl
=
0,24
= 0,12
2
lt = 120ml B ng
Ch : - Nu
2
O
1, 92
n 0, 06mol
32
V
HCl
= 60ml A sai
- Nu
2
O
1, 92
n 0, 06mol
32
2
HCl
H O
n n n
+

V = 30ml D sai
- Nu thy m
1
gam hn hp cc KL + O
2
m
2
oxit KL n
O
= ?
Thc s: Nguyn Vn Ph: T 098 92 92 117.
8
Th phi ngh ngay n nh lut bo ton nguyn t.
III. bi ton t gii.
Bi 1: Cho m
1
gam hn hp X gm 3 kim loi A(ho tri2), B( ho tr 3),
C(ho tr n) u dng bt tc dng hon ton vi oxi thu c hn hp
Y gm cc oxit c khi lng m
2
gam. Th tch V(ll) dung dch HCl a M
va phn ng ht vi dung dch Y l: Gi tr V(lt) l: ( bit m
2
> m
1
).
A. (m
2
- m
1
) : 32 a B. (m
2
- m
1
) : a
C. (m
2
- m
1
) : 16 a D. (m
2
- m
1
) : 8 a.
Bi 2: Ho tan hon ton hn hp x gam FeS
2
v 4 gam Cu
2
S vo
HNO
3
va thu c dd Y (Y ch cha mui sunfat) v hn hp kh
NO
2
v NO vi t l 1:3. Gi tr x l.
A. 0.4 gam B. 6 gam C. 8.0 gam D. kt qu khc
Bi 3: Ho tan hon ton hn hp gm y mol FeS
2
v x gam Cu
2
S vo
HNO
3
va thu c dung dch X (X ch cha 2 mui sunfat) v kh Y
duy nht. Biu thc lin h gia ai lng x v y l: ( Bit kh Y khng
mu, khng mi, khng v, khng chy di 1000
0
C).
A.x:y=1:2 B. x:y = 2:1 C. x:y =2:3 D. kt qu khc.
Bi 4: Ho tan hon ton m gam hn hp X gm FeO, Fe
3
O
4
, Fe
2
O
3,
trong axit sunfuric c nng thu c 0.224 lt kh khng mu, mi
xc. Mt khc cho 1.12 lt kh H
2
th kh ht m gam hh X trn. Cc
kh o ktc. Gi tr m l:
A.2.34 gam B. 3.34 gam C. 3.04 gam D. kt qu khc.
Bi 5: kh hon ton 3,04 gam hn hp X gm FeO, Fe
3
O
4
, Fe
2
O
3,
cn 1.4 gam CO. Mt khc ho tan hon ton 3,04 gam X trong dd
H
2
SO
4
c thu c V lt kh khng mu, mi xc (ktc). Gi tr V (lt) l:
A.3.36 lt B. 0.224 lt C. 0.448 lt D. kt qu khc.
Bi 6: Cho m gam hn hp X gm FeO, Fe
3
O
4
, Fe
2
O
3
th cn 100 ml
dung dch HCl 0.3 M v ta thu c dung dch Y gm 2 mui. Cho
dung dch KOH d vo dung dch Y thu c kt ta Z. em nung Z
trong khng kh n khi lng khng i th thu c 1.6 gam cht
rn G. Gi tr m l.
A. 0.64 gam B. 0.56 gam. C. 3.04 gam D. kt qu khc.
Bi 7: ( H- C Khi A 2008). Cho 2.13 gam hn hp X gm 3 kim
loi Mg, Cu, Al dng bt tc dng hon ton vi oxi thu c hn hp Y
gm cc oxit c khi lng 3.33 gam. Th tch dung dch HCl 2 M va
phn ng ht vi dung dch Y l:
A. 90 ml B. 57 ml C. 75 ml D. 50 ml.
Bi 8: . Ho tan hon ton hn hp gm 0.2 mol Fe v x mol Fe
2
O
3
vo
HCl d th thu c dung dch X v kh Y. Cho X tc dng vi NaOH ri
lc kt ta nung trong khng kh n khi lng khng i th thu c
32 gam cht rn. Gi tr x l:
A. 0.35 mol B. 0.15 mol C. 0.10 mol D. 0.02 mol.
Thc s: Nguyn Vn Ph: T 098 92 92 117.
9
Bi 9: Cho 8.32 gam Cu tc dng vi V ml HNO
3
1 M thu c 4.928 lt
kh hn hp 2 kh NO v NO
2
. Gi tr V ml l: (Bit cc kh o
ktc).
A.120 ml B. 240 ml C.360 ml D. 480 ml
Bi 10: t chy hon ton 45.76 gam FeS v 58.2 ZnS trong khng
kh ta thu c kh Y khng mu mi xc duy nht v cht rn X. Cho
kh Y tc dng va vi V lt dung dch nc brm ( o ktc). Gi
tr V l:
A. 12,228 lt B. 22,244 lt C. 18,654 lt D. 25,088lt
Bi 11: m gam bt st ngoi khng kh mt thi gian thu
c11,8 gam hn hp cc cht rn FeO, Fe
3
O
4
, Fe
2
O
3
, Fe. Ha tan
hon ton hn hp bng dung dch HNO
3
long thu c 2,24 lt
kh NO duy nht (ktc). Gi tr ca m l:
A. 9,94 gam B. 9,968 gam C. 11,2 gam D. 8,708 gam
Bi 12: Ha tan hon ton 17,4 gam hn hp 3 kim loi Al, Fe, Mg trong
dung
dch HCl thy thot ra 13,44 lt kh. Nu cho 34,8 gam hn hp trn
tc dng vi dung dch CuSO
4
d, lc ly ton b cht rn thu c
sau phn ng tc dng vi dung dch HNO
3
nng d th thu c V
lt kh NO
2
(ktc). Gi tr V l:
A. 11,2 lt B. 22,4 lt C. 53,76 lt D. 76,82 lt
Bi 13: Ha tan hon ton 43,2 gam kim loi Cu vo dung dch HNO
3
long, tt c kh NO thu c em oxi ha thnh NO
2
ri sc vo nc
c dng oxi chuyn ht thnh HNO
3
. Th tch kh oxi ktc
tham gia vo qu trnh trn l;
A. 5,04 lt B. 7,56 lt C. 6,72 lt D. 8,96 lt
Bi 14: Chia m gam hn hp 2 kim loi A, B c ha tr khng i
thnh 2 phn bng nhau :
- Phn 1 tan ht trong dung dch HCl, to ra 1,792 lt H
2
(ktc).
- Phn 2 nung trong oxi thu c 2,84 g hn hp oxit. Gi tr ca m l
Bi 15: Chia 44 gam hn hp gm Fe v kim loi M c ha tr duy nht
thnh 2 phn bng nhau:
- Phn 1: Tan va trong 2 lt dung dch HCl thy thot ra 14,56
lt H
2
(ktc).
- Phn 2: Tan hon ton trong dung dch HNO
3
long nng thy
thot ra 11,2 lt kh NO duy nht (ktc)
1. Nng mol ca dung dch HCl l:
A. 0,45 M B. 0,25 M C. 0,55 M D. 0,65 M
2. Khi lng hn hp mui clorua khan thu c khi c cn dung dch
sau phn ng phn 1 l:
3. % khi lng ca Fe trong hn hp ban u l
A. 49,01 % B. 47,97 % C. 52,03 % D. 50,91 %
Thc s: Nguyn Vn Ph: T 098 92 92 117.
10
4. Kim loi M l:
A . Cu B. Zn C. Al D. Mg
Bi 16: Mt hn hp gm 3 kim loi Al, Fe, Mg c khi lng 26,1 gam
c chia lm 3 phn u nhau.
- Phn 1, cho tan ht trong dung dch HCl thy thot ra 13,44 lt kh.
- Phn 2, cho tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d thu c 3,36 lt kh.
- Phn 3, cho tc dng vi dung dch CuSO
4
d, lc ly ton b cht
rn thu
c sau phn ng em ho tan trong dung dch HNO
3
nng d th
thu c V lt kh NO
2
. Cc kh u c o iu kin tiu
chun.
Th tch kh NO
2
thu c l
A. 26,88 lt B. 53,70 lt C. 13,44 lt D. 44,8 lt
Bi 17: Cho tan hon ton 3,6 gam hn hp gm Mg v Fe trong dung
dch HNO
3
2M, thu c dung dch D, 0,04 mol kh NO v 0,01 mol
N
2
O. Cho dung dch D tc dng vi dung dch NaOH ly d, lc v
nung kt ta n khi lng thu c m gam cht rn.
1. Gi tr ca m l:
2. Th tch HNO
3
phn ng l:
A. 0,5 lt B. 0,24 lt C. 0,13 lt D. 0,26 lt
Bi 18: Cho mt lung kh CO qua m gam bt Fe
2
O
3
nung nng, thu
c 14 gam hn hp X gm 4 cht rn. Cho hn hp X tan hon ton
trong dung dch HNO
3
thu c 2,24 lit kh NO (ktc). Gi tr ca m
l
Bi 19: Cho tan hon ton 58 gam hn hp A gm Fe, Cu, Ag trong
dung dch HNO
3
2M thu c 0,15 mol NO, 0,05 mol N
2
O v dung
dch D. C cn dung dch D, khi lng mui khan thu c l:
A. 120,4 gam B. 89,8 gam C. 116,9 gam D. kt qu
khc
Bi 20: Kh Fe
2
O
3
bng CO nhit cao, c hn hp X gm 4
cht rn.
Chia X thnh 2 phn bng nhau. Phn mt tc dng vi dung dch
HNO
3
d, thu c 0,02 mol NO v 0,03 mol N
2
O. Phn hai cho tan
hon ton trong dung dch H
2
SO
4
c nng, thu c V lt (ktc)
SO
2
. Gi tr ca V l
A. 2,24 B. 3,36 C. 4,48 D. 6,72
Bi 21: Chia hn hp X gm Al, Al
2
O
3
, ZnO thnh hai phn bng nhau.
Phn mt cho tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d, thu c 0,3 mol kh.
Phn hai tan hon ton trong dung dch HNO
3
thu c 0,075 mol
kh Y duy nht. Y l :
A. NO
2
B. NO C. N
2
O D. N
2
Thc s: Nguyn Vn Ph: T 098 92 92 117.
11
Bi 22: Cho tan hon ton 3,76 gam hn hp X dng bt gm S, FeS
v FeS
2
trong dung dch HNO
3
thu c 0,48 mol NO
2
v dung dch
D. Cho dung dch D tc dng vi dung dch Ba(OH)
2
d, lc v nung
kt ta n khi lng khng i, c m gam hn hp rn. Gi tr
ca m l:
A. 11,650 gam B. 12,815 gam C. 13,980 gam D. 15,145
gam
Bi 23:. Cho tan hon ton 7,2 gam Fe
x
O
y
trong dung dch HNO
3
thu
c 0,1 mol NO
2
. Cng thc phn t ca oxit l:
A. FeO B. Fe
3
O
4
C. Fe
2
O
3
D. c FeO v Fe
3
O
4
u
ng
Thc s: Nguyn Vn Ph: T 098 92 92 117.
12

Chia Khoa Vang 530 Luyen Thi Cap Toc Bao Toan Nguyento

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Chia Khoa Vang 530 Luyen Thi Cap Toc Bao Toan Nguyento

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Hy s huTuyn tp100 thi th C-H gii chi tit v 3 tp

cha kha vng gii nhanh ha hc.

p dng LBT nguyn t st

a +b =5b a = 4b C sai (do cha bit s

a + c = 0,2 mol: mui Fe(NO

Theo (1) v (2) n

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