::, o:,t i I n trod {"i i .

-r {- l''7' ;: ;,:
: * tro d u ct ar : i ; ei' : . : agre e + is - iili demand offer promise reluse threaten cl a i m ad vi se +si: r *il- ir ' all o w as k beg command encourage forbid instruct invitesb order permit remind urge warn want
l..lI : i, r. i :i 1.-,,: ,- .I

"'icr{-t: R * nl i 1,;i .i L:.;,.... r He agreed to help me. t He demanded to be told the truth. t He offered to open the door. He promised to be there eaily. t He refused to lend me any money. t He threatenedto shoot me if I didn't hand over my money. t He claimed to have seen him stealthe car. He advisedme to see a doctor. He allowed me to borrow hiscar. He asked me to turn the light off. He begged me to stop shoutingso loudly. He commandedus to leavethe room. He encouraged me to drive the car. He forbade me to arrive latethatnight. He instructed me to lift the receiver and wait for the dialling tone. He invited me to go out to dinnerwith him.

"Yes,I'll be happyto helpyou." "Tellthe truth!" "Would you like me to open the door?" "l'll definitely here early." be "No,I won'tlendyou anymoney." "Handoveryour moneyor l'll shoot y o u ." "l saw him stealthe car "

"Youshouldsee a doctor." * "Youcan borrowmy car." t "Please, turn the light off." * "Please, p/easeslop shouting loudly." so "Leavethe room!" + "Go ahead,drivethe car." * "You t mustnotarrive tonight." late "Lift the receiverand wait for the r diallingtone." "Would you like to come out to r dinnerwith me?" "Close doorimmediately." t the "Youmay leavenow." "Don't forget to water the plants." + "Tnt tn ha nt rnrf t tal " + "Don'tgo nearthe edge of the cliff t ." "l'd like you to studyharder."

He orderedrne to close the doorimmediately. He permiftedlallowed me to leave then. He reminded me to water the plants. He urged me to try to be punctual. He warned me not to go near the edge of the cliff. c He wanted me to study harcier.

accusesb of + -ing form "Youstolemy handbag!" "l'm sorry I was rude to you." apologisefor "Yes,I broke the window." admit (to) boast about to ';omplain sb about deny insist on suggest agre e+ th at - c laus e boast clai m complain deny exclaim explain informsb promise suggest explainto sb -l-how "l'm more intelligent thanyou." "You always leavethe door open." "No,I didn'tbreakthe window." "Youmusttakeall the medicine." "Let'sgo out for a walk."
"Yoc lf'c 2 dra2l;da> "

r She accused me of stealingher handbag. r He apologised for being rude to me. r He admitted (to) breaking/havingbroken the window. r He boastedabout beingmoreintelligent han me. He complained to me about my always Ieaving the door open. * He denied breakinglhavingbroken the window r He insisted on melmy taking all the medicine r He suggested going out for a walk. He agreed that it wasa greatidea. He boasted that he wasthe bestplayerof ail. He claimed that he knewwho had stolen car. my She complainedthat he neverhelpedher. He denied that he had evertouchedthe yase. He exclaimedthat it wasa success. He explained that it was a difficult theoryto follow. t He informed me that my application was under review. He promisedthat he wouldn'tforgetagain. He suggestedthat I help her out. t He explainedto me how he had crashed the car. t r : r t : +

"l'm the bestplayerof all." "l knowwho stoleyourcar." "You neverhelpme." "l nevertouched vase!" the "//s a success/" "lt's a difficult theoryto follow." "Yourapplicationis under review." "l won'tforgetagain." "Youought to help her out." "That's how I crashedthe car."

In

l n tro duc t or y v er b

D i re c t S p e e c h

R eported S peech He wondered how she could do that. He wondered where they had gone. He wondered why Tom was so rude. He wondered what thev would do.

wonder where/what He asked himself, "How can she do that?" -, why/how + clause He asked himself, "Where have they gone?" + (whenthe subjectof the He asked himself, "Why is Tom so rude?" ,) introductory verb is not He asked himself, "What wilt thev do?,, 4 the same as the subject in the reportedquestion) wonder * whether + to-inf clause or wonder where/what/ how + to-inf (whenthe subject of the infinitive the same as is the subjectof the verb) "Shallltake the job?,' He asked himself, "Wheredid t leave He asked himself, my glasses?" He asked himself, "What shalltdo nert?', He asked himself, "How can I break the news?" :

.l

He wondered whether to take the job. He wondered whether should thejob. he take He wondered where he had left his g/asses. He wondered what to do next. He wondered how to break the news.

'j !j'J
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 15 16 17 18

First write an apprt)llriate introrluctory verb, thert reytortthefollowingsentence-s.

"Youtook my bag,didn'tyou?" "l'll bring my homeworktomorrow." "Get out of the room nowl" "The train leavesat 6 o'clock." "Don'tforget to make a dentalappointment.,' "Please, pleasehelp me!" "You must give us a call when you get back!" "l won't help you." "Wouldyou iike to go out with us?', "lf you do that again,l'll punishyou.', "l didn't breakthe vase!" "Willtherain everstoo?" "First turn this knob,then flickthe switch."

...accuoe... the accused of takinaher bar, me

14 "Yes, you're right."

"Whatabout going for a walk?" "Youshould go on a diet." "Youmustn'ttouchthe camera." "Don'tcrossthe road withoutlookino both ways." 19 "Wouldyou like me to water your plants?', 20 "Yes,it was me who broke the teapot." 21 "lt is a difficultsituation, you see." 22 "l met the Queenonce,you know." 23 "You always leavethe bathroomin a mess!" 24 "You may use the fax machinewhenevervou want." 25 "Youmust stay until5 o'clockeveryday!,' 26 "Giveme the money!" 27 "l crossedthe Atlantic single-handed." 28 "Youmay call me by my firstname." 29 "Please, empty all the ashtrays before you leavethe room." 30 "Ceasefire!" 31 "Go on, tell us what'son your mind." 32 "l'd likeyou to cook dinnertonight." 33 "l'm sorry I spoiltthe surprise party." 34 "Sure,l'd be glad to lend a hand." 35 "l'll neverlet you down again."
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