Definition

Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space Solid, liquid and gas are matter Sound, light and heat are not matter

the state of matter

SOLID
 A solid is matter that has definite size

and shape Example : stone, wood, sugar, iron

lIQUID
A liquid takes the shape of any container. Example : water, petrol, mercury

GAS
 Gas is matter that has no definite shape. Gases take the shape of whatever container they are in .  Example : air, oxygen, carbon dioxide, nitrogen

The nature of matter

 Matter is made up of particles

Solids

Liquids Gases

Characteristics of solid, liquid and gas

Characteristics Solid Liquid Gas

Shape Volume Mass Compressibility Arrangement of particles Movement of particles Kinetic energy of particles density

Definite shape Fixed Fixed mass Cannot be compressed Very close Vibrate in their own particle lowest energy High density

Follow containers Fixed Fixed mass Very difficult compressed Less close Move about free Moderate energy Moderate density

Follow containers Fill up container Fixed mass Can be compressed Far apart Move about randomly Very energy Low density

Matter is
A. Anything that moves B. Anything that has mass and occupies space C. Something that cries.

Anything that Has mass and occupies space!

Do exercise page 39

Density Of Matter
 The density of a substance is the mass per unit volume of the substance

 Measure in g/cm3 or gcm-3 and kg/m3 or kgm-3  Solid usually denser than liquid or gas because of arrangement of particle very close together

Example
1. A piece of zink has a mass of 71g and a volume of 10cm3 . What is the density of zink?

=71 g / 10 cm3 = 7.1 g/ cm3

Test your self

1. Iron has mass 100g and its volume 50cm3. What is the density ??

2 . Gold has volume 50cm3 and its mass 200g.what is the density of gold.

Why some objects and liquid float

1. An stone which is denser than a liquid sinks in that liquid

Stone

water

An object which is less dense than liquid float on the liquid

Densities of some substance

Cork 0.25 g/cm3 Petrol 0.7 g/cm3 Water 1.0 g/cm3 Wood 0.91 g/cm3

Mercury 13.6 g/cm3

Glass 2.5 g/cm3

Using the state of matter

1. Gas cylinder: like cooking gas and oxygen are compress from gaseous state to liquid state.

2. A liquid finds its own level. A spirit level makes use of coloured liquid and air bubble in a glass tube to check a surface Is perfectly level.

Using the densities of substance