RE1345 KONVERSI TENAGA LISTRIK II

Vita Lystianingrum
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RE1345 KONVERSI TENAGA LISTRIK II SILABUS RE1345 Konversi Tenaga Listrik II Electrical Power Conversion II Semester IV 2 SKS

Tujuan: Memahami tentang dasar-dasar mesin listrik arus bolak-balik, khususnya: generator serempak, motor serempak, motor tak serempak. Prasyarat: Konversi Tenaga Listrik I

RE1345 KONVERSI TENAGA LISTRIK II

1: Klasifikasi mesin-mesin listrik dan konstruksi 2: Generator sinkron: proses terbangkitnya EMF dan macam-macam generator sinkron 3: Generator sinkron: berbeban, kerugian tegangan, diagram vektor untuk pf. lagging, pf. leading 4: Generator sinkron: menentukan voltage regulator dengan metode EMF dan karakteristik 5: Generator sinkron: kerja paralel 6: 7: Motor sinkron: metode start dan pengaruh perubahan arus eksitasi 8: Motor sinkron: torque dan contoh soal 9 & 10: UTS

References

1. Theraja, B. L., Electrical Technology, S. Chand & Company Ltd., 1978. 2. Karady, G., Lecture Notes on Synchronous Generator, www.eas.asu.edu/~karady/360_pp.html. 3. Zuhal

 Motivasi, Tujuan:
Menambah wawasan?

MAteri kuliah bisa didownload di: www.oc.its.ac.id Komposisi Nilai

Tugas UTS UAS 20 % 40 % 40 %

Peraturan Kelas
Kelas dimulai jam 7.30

Review KTL 1: DC Machines

Generators convert mechanical energy to electric energy. Motors convert electric energy to mechanical energy. Faradays Law -> Dynamically & statically induced. The construction of motors and generators are similar.

DC generator

DC generator

DC Motor Parts carbon brushes

Field magnet

rotor stator

AC Generators / Alternators

Same principles as DC generators -> armature winding & magnetic field. Armature winding -> stator field winding -> rotor **

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Why stationary armature?

Without brush contact-> The output current can be led directly from fixed terminals on the stator (armature windings) to the load circuit. Easier to insulate stationary armature winding for high AC voltages (may be as high as 30 kV or more) Sliding contacts i.e. slip-rings are transferred to the lowvoltage, low-power DC field circuit-> easily insulated **Armature windings can be more easily braced to prevent any deformation produced by the mechanical stresses
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SYNCHRONOUS MACHINES
Housing ,cooling ducts Stator Rotor

Shaft

Bearing Rotor winding Stator winding Connections

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SYNCHRONOUS MACHINES Stator

Laminated iron core with slots Steel Housing

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SYNCHRONOUS MACHINES
Iron core

Stator details
Coils are placed in slots Coil end windings are bent to form the armature winding. Coil Slots

End winding

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**2 kinds of rotor

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SYNCHRONOUS MACHINES
Round rotor

Steel ring Shaft

Wedges DC current terminals

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SYNCHRONOUS MACHINES
Rotor Details

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SYNCHRONOUS MACHINES
Round rotor Round rotor
The round rotor is used for large high speed (3600rpm) machines. A forged iron core (not laminated,DC) is installed on the shaft. Slots are milled in the iron and insulated copper bars are placed in the slots. The slots are closed by wedges and re-enforced with steel rings.
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SYNCHRONOUS MACHINES
Round Rotor Machine
The stator is a ring shaped laminated ironcore with slots. Three phase windings are placed in the slots. Round solid iron rotor with slots. A single winding is placed in the slots. Dc current is supplied through slip rings. Concept (two poles)
A Stator with laminated iron-core

C
Slots with winding

B A
+ -

C
+

S A B
+

Rotor with dc winding

C
-

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Salient rotor
Usually for low- & medium-speed alternators

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SYNCHRONOUS MACHINES
Concept (two poles)

Salient Rotor Machine

The stator has a laminated iron-core with slots and three phase windings placed in the slots. The rotor has salient poles excited by dc current. DC current is supplied to the rotor through slip-rings and brushes.
A+
S

BN

C+

A-

C-

B+

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SYNCHRONOUS MACHINES
Construction Construction
The picture shows the laminated iron core and the slots (empty and with winding). The winding consists of copper bars insulated with mica and epoxy resin. The conductors are secured by steel wedges. In large machines, the stator is liquid cooled. The iron core is supported by a steel housing.

empty slots

insulated winding

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SYNCHRONOUS MACHINES
Salient pole rotor construction
The poles are bolted to the shaft. Each pole has a DC winding. The DC winding is connected to the slip-rings (not shown). A DC source supplies the winding with DC through brushes pressed into the slip ring. A fan is installed on the shaft to assure air circulation and effective cooling.

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SYNCHRONOUS MACHINES

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SYNCHRONOUS MACHINES

Construction
Low speed, large hydrogenerators may have more than one hundred poles.
-> relationship between speed & poles

These generators are frequently mounted vertically. The picture shows a large, horizontally arranged machine.
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 Thank You, see you next week

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 Different construction of synch. Gen & DC gen -> Which one precedes?

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