Bm My & Robot-HVKTQS

Hng dn s dng Pro/Engineer 2000i

Chng 4. To cc feature ko
4.1. To lp m hnh da vo feature
Cc m hnh Pro/Engineer l cc m hnh tham s v c to lp t cc feature. Mt
feature l mt thnh phn con ca mt chi tit c cc tham s, tham chiu v bin dng ring
ca n. Cc feature c bn to lp cc chi tit thng c pht trin t cc bin dng. Cc
php pht trin thng gp nh ko, xoay hay qut. Qu trnh to lp mt m hnh c th
hin qua s trn hnh 4-1. Hnh 4-2 m t mt m hnh vi cc feature thnh phn.

cc thc
th (entity)

cc thc
th (entity)

phc tho

phc tho

bin dng
(profile 1)

bin dng
(profile k)

m hnh

cc php
pht trin

feature 1

cc php
pht trin

feature k

cc feature khng
dng profile

Hnh 4-1. Qui trnh to lp m hnh da vo cc feature

Hnh 4-2. Mt m hnh vi cc feature thnh phn

Cc feature c pht trin t cc phc tho gm c cc bin dng phc tho c ko
hay c ct hnh thnh khong trng dng hay m. Cc tham s l cc gi tr kch thc,
cc tham chiu v cc rng buc ca ring cc feature hay ca cc feature vi nhau. Vic to
lp m hnh tham s cho php ngi dng chnh sa cc tham s sau khi cc feature c
lp m hnh. y l im khc bit chnh ca vic lp m hnh tham s v m hnh da trn
cc php ton t hp.

Chng 4. To cc feature ko

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Bm My & Robot-HVKTQS

Hng dn s dng Pro/Engineer 2000i

4.1.1. Quan h gia cc feature trong m hnh

Mt m hnh tham s bao gm cc feature thit lp cc mi quan h. Cc feature
c to da vo cc feature khc theo mt cch ging nh mt cy gia ph v quan h ca
chng tr thnh quan h cha-con. Tuy nhin, khng ging nh cy ph h in hnh, mt
feature con c th c nhiu feature cha.
Mi quan h cha-con c th c thit lp gia cc feature mt cch gin tip hoc trc
tip. Cc mi quan h gin tip l cc mi quan h gia cc kch thc thng qua chc nng
Relations. Trong quan h ny, mt kch thc b iu khin bi mt hay nhiu kch thc
khc. Feature c kch thc iu khin l feature cha ca feature c kch thc b iu khin.
Cc mi quan h trc tip c to khi mt feature c dng cu to mt feature
khc. V d nh mt mt phng ca mt feature c dng lm mt phng phc tho cho mt
feature khc. Feature mi s tr thnh con ca feature c phc tho trn .
4.1.2. Cc feature u tin
Mt m hnh Pro/Engineer gm c cc feature. Vic xc nh feature no l feature u
tin hay feature c s ca mt chi tit s l mt quyt nh quan trng. Cc feature sau y c
th c dng lm feature c s v phi c to lp trc khi c th to lp bt k feature
no khc ca m hnh.
Mt phng chun (Datum plan)
Cc mt phng chun l cc feature u tin c ngh cho mt chi tit mi.
Pro/Engineer cung cp mt chc nng to mt tp hp cc mt phng chun mc nh. Cc
mt phng chun mc nh ca Pro/Engineer l cc mt phng cc vung gc nhau, bao
gm cc mt phng TOP (mt phng XY), FRONT (mt phng XZ) v RIGHT (mt phng
YZ).
Phn ko (Protrusion)
Chc nng Protrusion to mt feature khong trng dng, ngha l n c th to c
mt feature c s t c th to cc feature khc. Cc feature c th l cc feature c
ko, quay hay qut mt bin dng.
Mt feature chn t ngoi vo (inserted feature)
Mt feature hin c ang c lu c th c chn vo mi trng to lp m hnh
tr thnh feature u tin.
4.1.3. Cc bc to lp mt feature c dng bin dng
Bc 1. Chn phng php to feature.
Tu thuc vo hnh dng ca feature m s c phng php to thch hp. i vi
feature u tin ca chi tit, cc cng c to b gii hn.
Bc 2. Thit lp mt phng phc tho
Mt mt phng dng phc tho bin dng phi c xc nh. ng thi cc tham
chiu dng ln kch thc cho bin dng cng phi c xc nh.

Chng 4. To cc feature ko

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Bm My & Robot-HVKTQS

Hng dn s dng Pro/Engineer 2000i

Bc 3. Phc tho bin dng ca feature

Tin hnh phc tho bin dng m bo mc ch thit k.
Bc 4. Pht trin bin dng thnh feature
Tu thuc vo phng php to bin dng c chn m bc ny ngi dng phi
xc nh cc thng s tng ng pht trin bin dng thnh feature.
4.2. Cc phn ko v phn ct
Cc th tc thc hin mt phn ko (Protrusion) v phn ct (Cut) trong
Pro/Engineer gn nh hon ton ging ht nhau. im khc bit chnh gia lnh Protrusion v
Cut l im mt phn ko l mt feature khong trng dng, trong khi mt phn ct l mt
feature khong trng m. Cc tu chn c trnh by sau y l ging nhau cho c 2 lnh.
4.2.1. Cc php pht trin bin dng thnh feature
Extrude - php ko
Tu chn ny pht trin mt bin dng dc theo mt qu o thng. Ngi dng to bin
dng trong mi trng phc tho v sau cung cp chiu su ko. Bin dng s c ko
theo phng vung gc vi mt phng phc tho vi chiu su m ngi dng nhp vo.
Revolve - php xoay
Tu chn Revolve xoay mt bin dng quanh mt ng tm. Ngi dng phc tho
mt bin dng ca feature xoay v to mt ng tm xoay quanh n. Sau gc xoay
c yu cu xoay.
Sweep - php qut
Tu chn Sweep qut mt bin dng dc theo mt qu o do ngi dng phc tho.
Ngi dng phc tho c qu o v bin dng.
Blend - php pht trin hn hp
Tu chn Blend ni hai hay nhiu bin dng, qu o c th thng hoc xoay.

Hnh 4-3. Cc php to lp feature c bn

Chng 4. To cc feature ko

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Hng dn s dng Pro/Engineer 2000i

Use Quilt - to feature t cc b mt

Tu chn ny to feature t cc b mt (surface) v cc ng bao ca n.
Advanced - cc tu chn nng cao
Bao gm cc tu chn pht trin feature nng cao nh VarSecSweep, SweptBlend,
Helical Sweep,...
4.2.2. Feature c v mng
Khi to mt phn ko hay phn ct, Pro/Engineer cung cp cc tu chn chn feature
c (Solid) hay feature mng (Thin). Khi bin dng c ko di dng mt feature c,
feature to thnh l mt khi c. Khi bin dng c ko di dng mt feature mng, cc
vch ca bin dng c ko ch vi b dy tng c cung cp bi ngi dng.
Cc feature mng c th c s dng vi tt c cc tu chn extrude, revolve, sweep
hay blend ca cc lnh Protrusion v Cut. Cc v d v feature c v mng c ch ra hnh
4-4.

Hnh 4-4. Cc feature c v mng

4.2.3. Hng ko
Pro/Engineer lun xc nh mt hng ko theo mc nh. Khi phc tho trn mt mt
phng chun, hng ko l hng dng. Khi phc tho trn mt b mt phng ca mt
feature hin c, mt phn ko s c ko ra xa khi feature trong khi mt phn ct s c
ko hng n feature. Ngi dng c th chp nhn hoc thay i hng ko mc nh do
Pro/Engineer ngh.
Hng ko cng c th pht trin v mt pha (One Side) hoc v c hai pha (Both
sides) tu thuc tng chc nng.
4.2.4. Chiu su ko
Sau khi bin dng c hon thin, chiu su ko phi c xc nh.
Cc tu chn sau cung cp cc cch xc nh chiu su ko cho mt
feature.
Blind - nhp khong cch ko
2 Side Blind - nhp chiu su ring bit cho c 2 pha ko
Thru Next - ko n khi gp b mt u tin ca feature k tip

Chng 4. To cc feature ko

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Bm My & Robot-HVKTQS

Hng dn s dng Pro/Engineer 2000i

Thru All - ko qua ton b chi tit. Thng dng to cc hc, l sut.
Thru Until - ko n mt b mt ca mt feature do ngi dng xc nh.
UpTo Pnt/Vtx - ko n mt im chun hay mt nh c chn.
UpTo Curve - ko n mt cnh, trc hay ng cong chun
UpTo Surface - ko n mt b mt c chn
4.2.5. Bin dng h v kn
Cc bin dng ko c th c phc tho theo dng h hay kn. Ngoi tr mt feature c
s, nhiu bin dng to mt phn ko hay phn ct c th l mt bin dng h. Cc hng
dn sau y gip ngi dng quyt nh phc tho mt bin dng kn hay h.

Khi phc tho mt bin dng c canh thng vi cc cnh ca mt feature hin c, chng
ta thng khng phi phc tho phn canh thng (hnh 4-5).

Hnh 4-5. Canh thng mt bin dng vi cnh ca mt feature hin c

Vic canh thng phn phc tho c yu cu vi hnh hin c s thng to ra mt bin
dng hon ho. Nu Pro/Engineer khng chc chn mt no ca bin dng s ko hay ct,
n s yu cu ngi dng chn la (hnh 4-6).

Hnh 4-6. Chn mt hng ko

Cc bin dng ca feature mng c th c dng h hay kn. i vi cc feature mng, cc

bin dng c th c dng h khi khng c canh thng vi feature hin c.

Nhiu bin dng kn c th c a vo mt bn phc tho. Khi mt bin dng nm trong

mt bin dng khc, bin dng trong s to ra mt khng trng m (hnh 4-7).

Chng 4. To cc feature ko

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Hnh 4-7. To khong trng m vi cc bin dng lng nhau

4.3. To cc feature ko
Php ko (Extrude) l mt trong cc php to m hnh ph bin to cc feature ko
v ct. Mt phn ko l mt bin dng c ko dc theo mt ng thng. Trnh t thc hin
php ko to mt phn ko hay phn ct l hon ton ging nhau v theo cc bc sau y.
Bc 1. Xc nh feature c to l phn ko hay l phn ct
Trong mi trng to lp chi tit (menu Part), chn menu Feature>>Creat>>Solid sau
chn Protrusion to lp mt phn ko hoc chn Cut to lp mt phn ct.
Xc nh php to m hnh l php ko bng cch chn Extrude trong menu SOLID
OPTS.
Bc 2. Chn dng feature c hay mng
Chn Solid cho dng feature c hay chn Thin cho dng feature mng. Sau chn
Done tip tc bc tip theo.
Bc 3. Chn hng ko
Mt hp thoi tin trnh th hin cc bc to lp feature xut hin ti v tr cc menu
ca Pro/Engineer. Pha di n l cc menu cho php ngi dng chn la cc chc nng to
lp tip theo.
Tu chn hng ko cung cp hai la chn, One side v Both sides. Chn One side
pht trin feature v mt pha ca mt phng phc tho trong khi Both sides s pht trin
feature c v 2 pha ca mt phng phc tho. Sau chn Done tip tc.
Ghi ch: Trong trng hp to mt feature
u tin ca mt chi tit v khng s dng
cc mt phng chun mc nh ca
Pro/Engineer th bc ny s b b qua. Nu
khng c mt phng phc tho th
Pro/Engineer gi nh l pht trin theo mt
hng.

Chng 4. To cc feature ko

Hnh 4-8. Hp thoi tin trnh

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Bc 4. Chn mt phng phc tho

Ngoi tr feature c s ca mt chi tit, cc bin dng ca cc feature khc phi c
phc tho trn mt mt phng. Mt phng phc tho c th l mt b mt phng ca feature
hin c hoc mt mt phng chun do ngi dng xc nh.
Trong trng hp to feature u tin ca chi tit v trc khng to lp cc mt
phng chun mc nh ca Pro/Engineer th bc ny cng c b qua. Vic s dng mt
phn ko (Protrusion) lm feature c s l thi im duy nht m Pro/Engineer khng yu cu
mt mt phng phc tho.
Chn Setup New>>Plan>>Pick v chn mt mt phng lm mt phng phc tho.
Chn hng ko bng cch chp nhn hng ko theo chiu mi tn ch ra (Okey) hay
theo chiu ngc li (Flip).
Chn mt mt phng lin quan (Top, Botom, Left hoc Right) v xc nh n.
Chn cc tham chiu (thng l 2), cc tham chiu c th l cc mt phng vung gc
vi mt phng phc tho, cc cnh hay cc nh ln kch thc v rng buc trong qu trnh
phc tho tip theo.
Chn Done Sel tip tc. Nu cc tham chiu l y , khi Pro/Engineer s
chuyn sang mi trng phc tho
Bc 5. Phc tho bin dng
Cc bc tin hnh phc tho mt bin dng y (chi tit xem chng 3):
- To lp cc bin dng s b.
- t cc kch thc ng theo mc ch thit k.
- Gn cc rng buc b xung.
- Sa i cc gi tr kch thc theo ng mc ch thit k.
Sau khi mt bin dng c xc nh y , chn Done tip tc.
Bc 6. Nhp cc thng s to lp feature
Thng s to lp i vi mt feature ko l chiu su ko. c nhiu cch xc nh
mt chiu su ko nh ch ra trong phn 4.2.4. Chn la cch xc nh chiu su ko ph
hp, chn Done v nhp gi tr (nu cn).
Bc 7. Xem trc feature c to v hon chnh feature
Cc bc to lp feature hon tt v ch cn li hp thoi tin trnh ti v tr cc menu.
Ngi dng c th thc hin li t mt bc no trong hp thoi tin trnh, c th xem
trc feature (nt Preview) hoc kt thc vic to lp feature (nt OK).
4.4. Mt phng chun
4.4.1. Khi nim
Cc mt phng chun (Datum plan) c th c s dng lm tham chiu cu to cc
feature. Cc mt phng chun cng c coi l cc feature, nhng khng c coi l dng m
hnh. Khi mt mt phng chun c to, chng c hin th dng di dng mt feature

Chng 4. To cc feature ko

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trong cy m hnh. Cc mt phng chun c to v c s dng lm cc mt phng phc

tho khi m khng c cc mt phng phc tho thch hp t cc feature hin c. Nh ch ra
trn hnh 4-9, mt mt phng chun c to tip xc vi hnh tr lm mt phng phc tho
cho mt feature ko qua hnh tr.

Hnh 4-9. Mt phng chun tip xc vi hnh tr

4.4.2. Cc phng php to mt phng chun
To cc mt phng chun mc nh
Cc mt phng chun mc nh ca Pro/Engineer l cc mt phng cc vung gc
nhau, bao gm cc mt phng TOP (mt phng XY), FRONT (mt phng XZ) v RIGHT (mt
phng YZ).
To cc mt phng chun mc nh:
- t menu Part, chn Feature>>Create>>Datum>>Plan>>Default
- cc mt phng chun mc nh xut hin, vi cc tn bt u bng DTM
Khi trn mn hnh s xut hin k hiu tm quay (Spin Center) vi 3 ru:
- ru mu (red) ch phng +X
- ru mu xanh l cy (green) ch phng +Y
- ru mu da tri (blue) ch phng +Z
Phng php Through
To mt mt phng chun i qua mt i tng c chn, c cc tu chn con sau:
- Plane: mt phng chun i qua mt mt phng b phn hin c.
- AxisEdgeCurv: mt phng chun i qua mt trc, cnh hay ng cong.
- Point/Vertex: mt phng chun i qua mt im hay mt nh.
- Cylinder: mt phng chun i qua trc ca mt hnh tr hay nn.
Phng php Normal
To mt mt phng chun vung gc vi i tng c chn, c cc tu chn con sau:
- Plane: mt phng chun vung gc vi mt mt phng b phn hin c.
- AxisEdgeCurv: mt phng chun vung gc vi mt trc, cnh hay ng cong.

Chng 4. To cc feature ko

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Phng php Parallel

To mt mt phng chun song song vi mt mt phng b phn hin c.
Phng php Offset
To mt mt phng chun c dch chuyn t i tng chn, c cc tu chn con sau:
- Plane: dch chuyn t mt mt phng hin c. Sau xc nh 1 im m mt phng
mi s i qua (tu chn Thru Point) hoc nhp khong cch dch chuyn (tu chn Enter
Value).
- Coord Sys: dch chuyn t gc to v php tuyn vi mt trc to chn. Mt
h to phi hin hu trc khi s dng tu chn ny.
Phng php Angle
To mt mt phng chun lm thnh mt gc vi mt mt phng b phn hin c.
Phng php Tangent
To mt mt phng chun tip tuyn vi mt mt cong b phn hin c.
Phng php BlendSection
To mt mt phng chun i qua mt bin dng ca mt feature hin c.
4.5. Hiu chnh mt feature
im khc bit c bn gia cc m hnh tham s (nh cc m hnh Pro/Engineer) so vi
cc m hnh dc to bng cc php ton t hp (boolean) l tnh nng hiu chnh ca
chng. Cc feature c to trong Pro/Engineer bao gm cc tham s, nh l kch thc, chiu
su ko v hng ko. Cc tham s ny c thit lp trong sut qu trnh to lp feature v
c th c hiu chnh sau . C nhiu cch hiu chnh mt feature nh l chnh sa gi
tr ca cc kch thc, tham s hay nh ngha li cc feature.
4.5.1. Chc nng Modify - chnh sa
Chc nng Modify (Part>>Modify) cho php chnh sa cc kch thc ca mt feature.
C rt nhiu tu chn cho php hiu chnh cc thnh phn ca kch thc, t gi tr cho n
cch th hin. Trong phn ny chng ta quan tm n cc tu chn hiu chnh gi tr ca kch
thc.
Value
Tu chn ny hiu chnh gi tr ca kch thc c chn. Trnh t thc hin nh sau:
- T menu Part>>Modify>>Value>>Pick chn mt feature hoc mt kch thc cn
hiu chnh.
- Nu chn feature, cc kch thc ca feature s hin th. Chn kch thc cn hiu
chnh.
- Nhp gi tr mi cho kch thc vo nhp.
- Tip tc hiu chnh cc kch thc khc nu cn.
- Chn Done quay tr v menu Part, sau chn Regenerate ti to li feature
theo kch thc mi.
Chng 4. To cc feature ko

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Scale Model
Tu chn ny thay i tt c cc kch thc khng phi l kch thc
gc ca m hnh hin thi theo mt t l c ngi dng nhp vo. Cc bc
tin hnh nh sau:
- T menu Part>>Modify>>Scale Model.
- Nhp gi tr t l thay i vo nhp.
- Xut hin mt hp thoi thng bo vic thay i, chn Yes chp
nhn vic thay i hoc No hu b. Nu chp nhn, m hnh s c thay
i theo gi tr ngi dng nhp vo v c t ng ti to li.
- Chn Done quay tr v menu Part.
4.5.2. Chc nng Redefine - nh ngha li
Cc feature khng ch c th hiu chnh li kch thc bng chc nng Modify m cn
c th nh ngha li bng chc nng Redefine. Vi chc nng ny, ngi dng c th nh
ngha li feature t giai on xc nh li cc thuc tnh ca php pht trin bin dng thnh
feature hay mt giai on bt k thng qua hp thoi tin trnh. Trnh t thc hin nh sau:
- T menu Part>>Feature>>Redefine, chn feature cn nh ngha li.
- Hp thoi tin trnh tng ng vi feature c chn xut hin (hnh 4-8). Chn ni
dung cn nh ngha li v kch chut v nt "Define".
- Thc hin li cc bc nh ngha cho ni dung . Sau khi thc hin xong chn Done
tr v hp thoi tin trnh.
- Thc hin vic nh ngha li cho cc ni dung cn thit khc.
- Trong hp thoi tin trnh, chn Preview xem s thay i, chn OK chp nhn.
4.5.3. Hiu chnh thng qua cy m hnh
Thc hin s hiu chnh bng cc cch trn c tin hnh theo cch chn chc nng ri
sau mi chn feature cn hiu chnh. Mt cch khc l hiu chnh thng qua cy m hnh.
- Kch v gi nt chut phi ti tn ca feature cn hiu chnh trong ca s cy m hnh.
- Gi v r chut ti chc nng cn hiu chnh trong menu context gi chc nng .
- Tin hnh hiu chnh theo trnh t ca chc nng gi.

Hnh 4-10.

Chng 4. To cc feature ko

Cy m hnh v menu Context

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4.6. Luyn tp
4.6.1. Thc hnh
Bi tp thc hnh ny cung cp hng dn theo tng bc to lp mt m hnh nh
ch ra trn hnh 4-11.

Hnh 4-11.

M hnh hon chnh (Ch04_TH01)

Khi to mt m hnh mi
1. Khi ng Pro/Engineer. Thit lp th mc lm vic.
2. Khi to mt file chi tit mi. Gn tn file
3. Thit lp n v (chn mmNs).
4. To cc mt phng chun mc nh.
To phn ko c s
Xc nh cc thuc tnh v mt phng phc tho
1. Chn Feature>>Create>>Protrusion
2. Chn Extrude>>Solid>>Done
3. Chn On Side sau chn Done.
4. Chn mt mt phng chun lm mt
phng phc tho. Xc nh hng to feature
t mt phng phc tho.
5. Xc nh cc tham chiu.
Phc tho bin dng
1. Dng cc chc nng phc tho
phc tho bin dng nh hnh 4-12.
2. Sau khi hon thin bin dng, chn
Done t menu Sketcher tip tc.
Hon chnh feature
1. Gn chiu su ko: chn
Blind>>Done sau nhp chiu su ko (60)
vo nhp.

Chng 4. To cc feature ko

Hnh 4-12.

Bin dng ca feature c s

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2. Trong hp thoi tin trnh, chn Preview xem trc feature hoc OK hon
chnh feature.
3. Ghi li feature va to: chn File>>Save hoc nt Save trn thanh cng c.
To phn ct th nht
To phn ct th nht vi bin dng
nh hnh 4-13.
Phng php
Cut>>Extrude

to

chn

Mt phng phc tho c chn l

mt phng bn ca feature c s.
Chiu su ko l Thru All - ct qua
ht feature c s.

Hnh 4-13.

Bin dng ca phn ct th nht

To phn ct th hai
To phn ct th hai vi bin dng nh hnh 4-14.
Phng php to l chn Cut>>Extrude.
Mt phng phc tho c chn l mt phng gia ca
feature c s.
Chn hng pht trin l v c hai pha (Both sides).
Chiu su ko l Thru All - ct qua ht feature c s.

Hnh 4-14.

Bin dng
ca phn ct th hai

To phn ko li ra
To phn ko li ra vi bin
dng nh hnh 4-15.
Phng php to l chn
Protrusion>>Extrude
Mt phng phc tho c
chn l mt phng bn ca feature
c s.
Chiu su ko l Blind = 10.

Hnh 4-15.

Chng 4. To cc feature ko

Bin dng ca phn ko li ra

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4.6.2. Bi tp
Lp m hnh cho cc chi tit c minh ho cc hnh sau.

Chng 4. To cc feature ko

Hnh 4-16.

Ch04_BT01

Hnh 4-17.

Ch04_BT02

Hnh 4-18.

Ch04_BT03

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Chng 4. To cc feature ko

Hng dn s dng Pro/Engineer 2000i

Hnh 4-19.

Ch04_BT04

Hnh 4-20.

Ch04_BT05

Hnh 4-21.

Ch04_BT06

Hnh 4-22.

Ch04_BT07
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Chng 4. To cc feature ko.............................................................................................44

4.1. To lp m hnh da vo feature..............................................................................44

4.1.1. Quan h gia cc feature trong m hnh................................................................... 45

4.1.2. Cc feature u tin ..................................................................................................45
4.1.3. Cc bc to lp mt feature c dng bin dng......................................................45
4.2. Cc phn ko v phn ct .............................................................................................46

4.2.1.
4.2.2.
4.2.3.
4.2.4.
4.2.5.

Cc php pht trin bin dng thnh feature.............................................................46

Feature c v mng.................................................................................................47
Hng ko................................................................................................................. 47
Chiu su ko............................................................................................................ 47
Bin dng h v kn .................................................................................................. 48

4.3. To cc feature ko.........................................................................................................49

4.4. Mt phng chun................................................................................................................50

4.4.1. Khi nim ................................................................................................................. 50

4.4.2. Cc phng php to mt phng chun ....................................................................51
4.5. Hiu chnh mt feature ..................................................................................................52

4.5.1. Chc nng Modify - chnh sa..................................................................................52

4.5.2. Chc nng Redefine - nh ngha li ........................................................................53
4.5.3. Hiu chnh thng qua cy m hnh........................................................................... 53
4.6. Luyn tp.................................................................................................................................54

4.6.1. Thc hnh ................................................................................................................. 54

4.6.2. Bi tp ....................................................................................................................... 56

Chng 4. To cc feature ko

58