K NNG LP K HOCH

1. Khi nim

Hoch nh l mt qu trnh n nh nhng mc tiu v xc nh bin php tt nht thc hin nhng mc tiu . N lin h vi nhng phng tin cng nh vi nhng mc ch. Tt c nhng ngi qun l u lm cng vic hoch nh.

2. ngha

T duy c h thng tin liu cc tnh hung qun l Phi hp mi ngun lc ca t chc hu hiu hn. Tp trung vo cc mc tiu v chnh sch ca t chc. Nm vng cc nhim v c bn ca t chc phi hp vi cc qun l vin khc. Sn sng ng ph v i ph vi nhng thay i ca mi trng bn ngoi Pht trin hu hiu cc tiu chun kim tra.
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3. Lm th no xc nh cng vic?

Khi bt u mt cng vic mi, lm th no trin khai cng vic hon ho? Nu bn khng c phng php xc nh y cc yu t, bn c th b st nhiu ni dung cng vic. chnh l mt l hng trong hoch nh cng vic

3. Lm th no xc nh cng vic?
PHNG PHP XC NH NI DUNG CNG VIC 5WH2C5M Xc nh mc tiu, yu cu cng vic 1W (why) Xc nh ni dung cng vic 1W (what) Xc nh 3W: where, when, who Xc nh cch thc thc hin 1H (how) Xc nh phng php kim sot 1C (control) Xc nh phng php kim tra 1C (check) Xc nh ngun lc thc hin 5M
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3.1 Xc nh mc tiu yu cu
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Khi phi lm mt cng vic, iu u tin m bn phi quan tm l: Ti sao bn phi lm cng vic ny? N c ngha nh th no vi t chc, b phn ca bn? Hy qu nu bn khng thc hin chng? Why (ti sao?) l 1W trong 5W. Khi bn thc hin mt cng vic th iu u tin bn nn xem xt chng l why vi ni dung nh trn. Xc nh c yu cu, mc tiu gip bn lun hng trng tm cc cng vic vo mc tiu v nh gi hiu qu cui cng.
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3.2 Xc nh ni dung cng vic

1W = what? Ni dung cng vic l gi? Hy ch ra cc bc thc hin cng vic c giao. Bn hy chc rng, bc sau l khch hng ca bc cng vic trc.
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3.3 Xc nh 3W
Where: u, c th bao gm cc cu hi sau:

Cng vic thc hin ti u? Giao hng ti a im no? Kim tra ti b phn no? Testing nhng cng on no?...
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3.3 Xc nh 3W

When: Cng vic thc hin khi no, khi no th giao, khi no kt thc xc nh c thi hn phi lm cng vic, bn cn xc nh c mc khn cp v mc quan trng ca tng cng vic. C 4 loi cng vic khc nhau: cng vic quan trng v khn cp, cng vic khng quan trng nhng khn cp, cng vic quan trng nhng khng khn cp, cng vic khng quan trng v khng khn cp. Bn phi thc hin cng vic quan trng v khn cp trc.
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3.3 Xc nh 3W
Who: Ai, bao gm cc kha cnh sau: Ai lm vic

Ai kim tra Ai h tr. Ai chu trch nhim

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3.4 Xc nh phng php 1h

H l how, ngha l nh th no? N bao gm cc ni dung:

Ti liu hng dn thc hin l g (cch thc thc hin tng cng vic)? Tiu chun l g? Nu c my mc th cch thc vn hnh nh th no?
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3.5 Xc nh phng php kim sot

Cch thc kim sot (control) s lin quan n: Cng vic c c tnh g?

Lm th no o lng c tnh ? o lng bng dng c, my mc nh th no? C bao nhiu im kim sot v im kim sot trng yu (xem chi tit qua ti liu v MBP phng php qun l theo qu trnh)
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3.6 Xc nh phng php kim tra

Phng php kim tra (check) lin quan n cc ni dung sau:

C nhng bc cng vic no cn phi kim tra. Thng thng th c bao nhiu cng vic th cng cn s lng tng t cc bc phi kim tra. Tn sut kim tra nh th no? Vic kim tra thc hin 1 ln hay thng xuyn (nu vy th bao lu mt ln?). Ai tin hnh kim tra?
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3.6 Xc nh phng php kim tra

Nhng im kim tra no l trng yu? Trong DN khng th c y cc ngun lc tin hnh kim tra ht tt c cc cng on, do vy chng ta ch tin hnh kim tra nhng im trng yu (quan trng nht). im kim tra trng yu tun theo nguyn tc Pareto (20/80), tc l nhng im kim tra ny ch chim 20 % s lng nhng chim n 80 % khi lng sai st.
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3.7 Xc nh ngun lc (5M)

Nhiu k hoch thng ch ch trng n cng vic m li khng ch trng n cc ngun lc, m ch c ngun lc mi m bo cho k hoch c kh thi. Ngun lc bao gm cc yu t: Man = ngun nhn lc. Money = Tin bc. Material = nguyn vt liu/h thng cung ng. Machine = my mc/cng ngh. Method = phng php lm vic.
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3.7 Xc nh ngun lc (5M)

Man, bao gm cc ni dung: Nhng ai s thc hin cng vic, h c trnh , kinh nghim, k nng, phm cht, tnh cch ph hp?

Ai h tr? Ai kim tra? Nu cn ngun phng nga th c ngun lc con ngi h tr khng?
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3.7 Xc nh ngun lc (5M)

Material = nguyn vt liu/h thng cung ng, bao gm cc yu t:

Xc nh tiu chun NVL. Tiu chun nh cung ng. Xc nh phng php giao hng Thi hn giao hng.
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4. Phn loi
4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 Hoch nh chin lc. Hoch nh tc nghip. Hoch nh d n. Mc tiu. Hoch nh nm. Hoch nh thng. Hoch nh tun.

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4.1 Hoch nh chin lc

c im

Thi hn : vi nm hn: Khun kh : rng

Mc tiu : t chi tit tiu:

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4.1 Hoch nh chin lc (tt)

Qu trnh c bn ca hoch nh chin lc Nhn thc c c hi Xc nh cc mc tiu Pht trin cc tin Xc nh cc phng n la chn nh gi cc phng n. La chn phng n Hoch nh cc k hoch ph tr Lng ha bng hoch nh ngn qu

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4.1 Hoch nh chin lc (tt)

u ra ca hoch nh chin lc:

Mt bn k hoch kinh doanh K hoch pht trin cng ty.

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4.2 Hoch nh tc nghip

c im

Thi hn : ngy, tun, thng hn: Khun kh : hp

Mc tiu : chi tit xc nh tiu:

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4.2 Hoch nh tc nghip (tt)

u ra ca hoch nh tc nghip: H thng ti liu hot ng ca t chc nh: Cc loi s tay, cm nang. Quy trnh hot ng Cc quy nh Hng dn cng vic Cc biu mu Cc k hoch thc hin mc tiu, d n ngn hn.

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4.3 Hoch nh d n

Xc nh cc yu cu ca d n. Xc nh cc quy trnh c bn. Xc nh ngun lc cung cp cho d n. Xy dng k hoch thc hin d n theo s gantt
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4.4 Mc tiu:
(Phn ny, bn tham kho theo k nng qun l theo mc tiu)

Phn loi mc tiu iu kin ca mc tiu Lp k hoch thc hin mc tiu:

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4.4.1 Phn loi mc tiu

Mc tiu cp cng ty, b phn, c nhn Theo Peter Drucker, mc tiu ca cng ty xp t ngn hn n di hn nh sau: Tn ti v tng trng. Li nhun Phn b cc ngun lc v ri ro Nng sut Vi th cnh tranh Pht trin ngun lc Pht trin cng ngh Trch nhm x hi.
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4.4.2 iu kin ca mc tiu:

iu kin ca mc tiu phi m bo yu cu ca nguyn tc SMART Specific - c th, d hiu Measurable o lng c Achievable va sc. Realistics thc t. Timebound c thi hn.
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a/Specific - c th, d hiu

Ch tiu phi c th v n nh hng cho cc hot ng trong tng lai. ng ni mc tiu ca bn l dn u th trng trong khi i th ang chim 40 % th phn. Hy t mc tiu chim ti thiu 41% th phn, t bn s bit mnh cn phi c t bao nhiu % na.

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b/Measurable o lng c

Ch tiu ny m khng o lng c th khng bit c t c hay khng? ng ghi: phi tr li th ca khch hng ngay khi c th. Hy yu cu nhn vin tr li th ngay trong ngy nhn c.
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c/Achievable va sc.

Ch tiu phi c tnh thch thc c gng, nhng cng ng t ch tiu loi khng th t ni. Nu bn khng c ging ca tri ph th ng t ch tiu tr thnh siu sao. Gi trng lng mc l tng 45kg c th va sc hn.
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d/Realistics thc t.

y l tiu ch o lng s cn bng gia kh nng thc hin so vi ngun lc ca doanh nghip bn (thi gian, nhn s, tin bc..). ng t ch tiu gim 20 kg trong mt thng t trng lng l tng 45 kg trong vng mt thng, nh vy l khng thc t.
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e/Timebound c thi hn.

Mi cng vic phi c thi hn hon thnh, nu khng n s b tr hon. Thi gian hp l gip bn va t c mc tiu li va dng sc cho cc mc tiu khc.

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4.4.3 K hoch thc hin mc tiu (gantt)

Stt Ni dung cng vic Ngi thc hin Tng t.gian Tin

1 2 4 4 5 6
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4.5 Hoch nh k hoch nm

Ngun thng tin t lp k hoch nm bao gm:

T chin lc ca cng ty. T cc d n tham gia T mc tiu ca cng ty v mc tiu b phn do cng ty giao. T cc nhim v theo chc nng nhim v b phn.

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4.5 Hoch nh k hoch nm (tt)

Ni dung ca k hoch cng tc nm:

Ni dung cc mc tiu cng vic. Thi gian thc hin. Mc quan trng ca cc cng vic ( gip b phn c th t trng tm vo cng tc no v nh gi cng vic cui nm).

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4.6 Hoch nh k hoch thng:

Ngun thng tin lp k hoch thng

Cc cng vic trong k hoch nm. Cc cng vic thng trc cn tn ti. Cc cng vic mi pht sinh do cng ty giao.
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Ni dung k hoch thng

Cc cng vic quan trng trong thng Phn cc cng vic c th gm: ni dung cng vic, thi gian thc hin, ngi thc hin. Cc cng vic cha xc nh c lch (nhng phi lm trong thng hoc lm trong thng sau). 37

4.7 Hoch nh k hoch tun

Ngun thng tin lp k hoch tun:

Cc cng vic trong k hoch thng. Cc cng vic trong tun trc cha thc hin xong Cc cng vic mi pht sinh do cng ty giao thm.
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4.7 Hoch nh k hoch tun

NI DUNG BN K HOCH TUN Cc cng vic quan trng trong tun Phn cc cng vic c th gm: ni dung cng vic, thi gian thc hin, ngi thc hin, ghi ch (yu cu kt qu). Cc cng vic cha xc nh c lch (nhng phi lm trong tun hoc lm trong tun sau).
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