Assignment 1.

Define the term instrumentation (1 mark) Instrumentation is defined as the art and science of measurement and control or the act of providing or using the instruments needed for some implementation 2. State any four aims of carrying out instrumentation (2 marks) 3. Explain two reasons why electronic equipment are now more widely used than mechanical instruments in engineering applications. (2 marks) 4. Define the term transducer. (1 mark) 5. State any four characteristics of an ideal transducer. (2 marks) 6. Briefly classify electrical transducers according to;I. II. III. Variable control parameter type. (2 marks) Self generating excitation voltage (2marks) Briefly describe the principle of operation of a quartz crystal transducer(4 marks)

7. A quartz crystal transducer has a sensitivity of 80pF/bar. Given that for an output pressure of 3bars, an output voltage of 2 volts is produced, determine the capacitance of the device. (4 marks) 8. Define the terms mechanical strain, electrical strain and gauge factor in relation to resistance strain gauges.( 2 marks) 9. Determine the un axial strain in u strain sensed by a 100 strain gauge if it has a gauge factor of 2 and the resistance change produced by the strain is 2.5 (2 marks) 10.Define the term pressure and state the SI units in which it is measured. (2 marks) 11.State two ways by which the sensitivity of a manometer can be increased. (2 marks) 12.Distinguish between gauge pressure and absolute pressure. (2 marks)

13. The Pascal is a means of measuring a quantity of pressure. When the pressure is 14. measured in reference to an absolute vacuum (no atmospheric conditions), then the 15. result will be in Pascal (Absolute). However when the pressure is measured relative 16. to the atmospheric pressure, then the result will be termed Pascal (Gauge). If the 17. gauge is used to measure the difference between two pressures, it then becomes 18. Pascal (Differential).pressure measured relative to vacuum and pressure measured relative to a fixed pressure usually atmospheric pressure. 19. Note 1: It is common practice to show gauge pressure without specifying the
20.Show that in a location where the acceleration due to gravity is g , the pressure p acting at a depth h in a liquid of density is given by p=gh. (4 marks)