1. Logic is a matter of profound human importance precisely because it is empirically founded and experimentally applied.

Solution: This is a 1st order enthymeme because the first proposition is the conclusion. Minor term is logic and major term is things which are a matter of profound human importance. The second proposition it is empirically founded and experimentally applied is minor premise because it involves the minor term it (which is logic here). Here the middle term is things which are empirically founded and experimentally applied. So the major premise is missing here and it should involve the major and the middle term. So we have to once again read the argument and we can se that the major premise should be All things which are empirically founded and experimentally applied are things which are a matter of profound human importance. A: All things which are empirically founded and experimentally applied are things which are a matter of profound human importance A: All things identical to logic are things which are empirically founded and experimentally applied A: All things identical to logic are things which are a matter of profound human importance Mood: AAA and you decide the figure on your own 1 or 2 or 3 or 4? Then check for six rules and if any one is broken, the argument is invalid you must name the rule which is broken if there are more than one rules broken, you better mention only one and that s fine if no rule is broken, just write valid Now try this one Argument: Productivity is desirable because it betters the condition of the vast majority of the people. Here we have three terms.. productivity, desirable things, things that better the condition of the vast majority of the people Productivity is desirable should be translated as All productivity is desirable or All productive things are
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desirable things. It betters the condition of the vast majority of people should be translated as all productive things are things that better . Decide about the missing premise yourself 2. Advertisements perform a vital function in almost any society, for they help to bring buyers and sellers together Solution: Here the first proposition is the conclusion. The three terms are Advertisements, things that perform a vital role in any society, and things that bring buyers and sellers together. So the minor term is advertisement and the major term is things that perform a vital role in any society. The middle term is things that help to bring buyers and sellers together. Now, if you see, the second proposition is minor premise because it involves the word they and by they we mean advertisements which is the minor term. So the major premise is missing..1st order. So you have to write a proposition using major and middle term because the major premise involves major and middle terms. This will be all things that help to bring buyers and sellers together are things that perform a vital role in any society A: All things that help to bring buyers and sellers together are things that perform a vital function in almost any society A: All advertisements are things that help to bring buyers and sellers together A: All advertisements are things that perform a vital function in almost any society

3. Only demonstrative proof should be able to make you abandon the theory of creation but such a proof does not exist in nature. Solution: Normally if you are given with two propositions with and between them, they should be taken as premises and so the conclusion is missing here..3rd order enthymeme. Here we have three terms demonstrative proof, things that should be able to make you abandon the theory of creation, and things that exist in nature. Now if you see you find
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that the term which is repeated in the given two propositions is demonstrative proof (by such a proof here it is meant demonstrative proof ). So things that are demonstrative proof is gonna be our middle term. Only demonstrative proof should be able to make you abandon the theory of creation should be translated as All things that should be able to make you abandon the theory of creation are things that are demonstrative proof. Such a proof does not exist in nature should be translated as No things which are demonstrative proof are things that exist in nature. So now if you read again these two translated propositions you can make some connection between the terms things that should be able to make you abandon the theory of creation and things that exist in nature. Well, as you see, this connection should be something like No things that can make you abandon the theory of creation are things that exist in nature which is our required conclusion. So E: No things which are demonstrative proof are things that exist in nature A: All things that should be able to make you abandon the theory of creation are things that are demonstrative proof E: No things that can make you abandon the theory of creation are things that exist in nature Decide about its validity or invalidity using rules or you may use figure,,,if you confused over what I just did, I mean how I created the link to write the conclusion, you may take it this way,,,,an easier way,,,,,keep every thing in A form if you can..I mean you see the major premise No things which are demonstrative proof are things that exist in nature Just obvert it and you get All things that are demonstrative proof are things that do not exist in nature Now your two given premises which are All things that should be able to make you abandon the theory of creation are things that are demonstrative proof and All things that are demonstrative proof are things that do not exist in nature can easily tell you what you should write as a conclusion..it is very simple now. It is something like all a is b and all b is c , so you must know what you have to write about a and c. of course it should be all a is c. so you write as conclusion All things that should be
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able to make you abandon the theory of creation are things that do not exist in nature so you have A: All things that are demonstrative proof are things that do not exist in nature A: All things that should be able to make you abandon the theory of creation are things that are demonstrative proof A: All things that should be able to make you abandon the theory of creation are things that do not exist in nature There is no difference between the two answers we got. SO don t be confused..Just do it the most easy way..The way you like it be done 4. The least destructive nuclear weapons are the most dangerous, because they make it easier for a nuclear war to begin. Solution: Terms are Least destructive nuclear weapons dangerous things things that make it easier for a nuclear war to begin Here the first sentence is the conclusion.. in the second sentence, the word they means the least destructive nuclear weapons which is minor term. So the second sentence is the minor premise and so major premise is missing that should involve the terms most dangerous things, and things that make it easier for a nuclear war to begin. No w you should may decide that the missing premise should be All things that make it easier for a nuclear war to begin are most dangerous things All things that make it easier for a nuclear war to begin are most dangerous things All least destructive weapons are things that make it easier for a nuclear war to begin All least destructive weapons are things that are most dangerous 5. Liberty means responsibility. That is why most men dread it

Solution: terms are liberty, things that mean responsibility, and things that most men dread. Here it means liberty. Most men dread it is conclusion and it should be translated as All things identical to liberty are things that most men dread. Liberty means responsibility is minor premise because it involves the minor term things identical to liberty. It should be translated as all things identical to liberty are things that mean responsibility. Major term is things that most men dread, and middle term is things identical to responsibility. Major premise is missing which should be All things that mean responsibility are things that most men dread.