ADM

SECTIONS : 1. INTRODUCTION TO PLESIOCHRONOUS TDM SYSTEMS 2. FRAME STRUCTURES(2Mb/140Mb) 3. INTERFACE CODES 4. SDH CONCEPTS 5. DIFFRENCES SDH / PDH 6. SDH HIERARCHY 7. TUG STRUCTURE 8. PROVISIONING OF ADM A) CREATION OF N.E B) PROVISIONING OF EQUIPMENT C) PROVISIONING OF TRANSMISSION D) PROVISIONING OF TIME 9. PROTECTION A) EQUIPMENT B) TRANSMISSION C) TIME 10. ALARMS

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2Mb FRAME STRUCTURE 3.9micro sec 4 5 6 488 nsec

T.S=8 Bits

2 125cmicro sec

31

FRAME

1 2msec

15

MULTI FRAME

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2Mb Multiplexing frame structure

T.S -0 EVEN FRAME

1 FAW

C
1 O/1 1 2

0
3

1
4 5

1
6

0
7

1
8

1
T.S -0 ODD FRAMES

SERVICE BITS

1
2 MFAW

B3
3

1
4

1
5

1
6

1
7

1
8 T.S -16 FRAME-0

FAW

0/1

Y6

0/1

0/1

C : CRC BIT B3: REMOTE FRAME ALARM Y6: REMOTE MULTIFRAME ALARM

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2Mb Multiplexing frame structure

T.S -16 FRAME-1

SIGNALLING INFO TS 1

SIGNALLING INFO TS 17

T.S -16 FRAME-15

SIGNALLING INFO CHAL 15

SIGNALLING INFO CHAL 31

C : C.R.C BIT B3: REMOTE ALARM BIT(AIS) Y6: REMOTE ALARM BIT Remote alarm bit is 0 when in normal operation. It will be 1 when alarm exists. Tributary bit rate : 64Kbps Number of tributaries : 32 frame length : 256 Bits(32 X 8) Bits for T.S : 8 Multiframe length : 4096 Bits(256 X 16)

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HIERARCHY OF DIGITAL MULTIPLEXER

1 2 3 4

1 E4 2 (140Mb) 3 4 1920 CH

1 2 3 4

E3(34Mb) 480 CH

1 2 3 4

1 2 3 4 E1(2Mb)

E2(8Mb) 120 CH

1 2 3 4

TDM IN HIGHER ORDER SYSTEMS

RELAYS TRIBUTARY 1 TRIBUTARY 2 TRIBUTARY 3 TRIBUTARY 4 DATA TRIBUTARY 1 TRIBUTARY 2 TRIBUTARY 3 TRIBUTARY 4

SYNCHRONIZATION OF MUX/DEMUX BY A COMMON CLOCK

RELAYS TRIBUTARY 1 TRIBUTARY 2 TRIBUTARY 3 TRIBUTARY 4 DATA TRIBUTARY 1 TRIBUTARY 2 TRIBUTARY 3 TRIBUTARY 4

CRYSTAL OSC.

TIME

SYNCHRONIZATION OF MUX/DEMUX BY A CODED CLOCK RELAYS TRIBUTARY 1 TRIBUTARY 2 TRIBUTARY 3 TRIBUTARY 4 TRIBUTARY 1 TRIBUTARY 2 TRIBUTARY 3 TRIBUTARY 4

CRYSTAL OSC.

CLOCK GEN.

DIGITAL TO DIGITAL CODER

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488 Bits SET 1 SET 1 1 2

140Mb Multiplexing frame structure

SET 2 SET 3 SET 4 SET 5 SET 6

2928 Bits
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 S1 S2 S3 S4 BITS FROM TRIBUTARIES 488

1 1 1

SET 2 TO 5 1 2 3 4 C C C C BITS FROM TRIBUTARIES

488

SET 6 1 2

4 5

6 J

7 8 J J BITS FROM TRIBUTARIES

488

C C C C J

S:SERVICE BIT J:JUSTIFICATION BIT C:JUSTIFICATION CONTROL BIT In set 1 Bits 1 to 12 represents FRAME SYNCHRONIZATION WORD.

S1,S2 : AIS to the Remote digital multiplex equipment S3,S4 : Reserved for national usage, can send additional information