.

10, 2009

614.8
.., - . , . . ., ,
.., . .,
,

( - . ..)


,
: ,
.

. ()
,
(), ,
, .
, , , ,
.
, , .
.
[1,2],

,
.
, , ,
[3]
, . [4] 44

.., ..

.

, .
.
, ,
, ,
.
[3,4]
( x , y, z ,t )

t ,
.
- , , ,
. , ..
.

. 1 - ( t )
, ( t1 , t2 )

45

 . 10, 2009

- [5] (t ) (. 1), t1 , t2
.
,

(t ) = (1 1 (t t0 ) ) 0 ,
t0 ; 1 (t )
0, t < 0,
1 (t ) =
1, t 0.
,
, ( ),
( x , y, z ,t ) = E ( x x 0 ) ( y y0 ) ( z z0 ) (1 1 (t t0 ) ) ,
E , ; ( x 0 , y0 , z0 ) .
,

E , ( 0,0, z0 )
( 0,t0 )

q
2q
2q
2q
q
q
q
= a 2 + a 2 + az 2 vx
vy
vz
+
t
x
y
z
x
y
z
+ E ( x ) ( y ) ( z z0 ) (1 1 (t t0 ) ) .

(1)

q ( x , y, z ,0 ) = 0 ,

46

(2)

.., ..

q
= 0.
z z =0

(3)

x = x vx (t ) dt,
0

y = y vy (t ) dt,
0

z ' = z v t
z

t
t

u ( x , y, z ',t ) = q x + vx (t ) dt, y + vy (t ) dt, z '+ vzt,t ,

0
0

u
2u
2u
2u
= a 2 + a 2 + az 2 +
t
x
y
z
t
t

+ E x + vx (t ) dt y + vy (t ) dt ( z + vzt z0 ) (1 1 (t t0 ) ) . (4)
0
0

[6]
t

u ( x , y, z ) =

( , , , ) G ( x , y, z, , , ,t ) d d d d ,

(5)

0 0

( , , , ) = E + vx (t ) dt + vy (t ) dt
0
0

( + vz z0 ) (1 1 ( t0 ) )

47

 . 10, 2009

G ( x , y, z , , , ,t )

( x )2 + ( y )2
exp
G ( x , y, z , , , ,t ) =

32
4
at
8 ( t ) a az

( z )2
( z + )2

exp
+ exp
.
4
4
a
t
a
t

z
z

f ( x ) ( x x ) dx = f ( x ) ,
0

(5) d , d , d
t

u ( x , y, z ,t ) =

E (1 1 ( t0 ) )

0 8 ( (t ) )

32

a az

2
2

x + vx (t ) dt + y + vy (t ) dt

0
0


exp

4a (t )

( z + vz z0 )2
( z + vz + z0 )2
exp
+ exp
d .

4
4
a
t
a
t

(
)
(
)

z
z

q ( x , y, z ,t )
x , y ,
t
1 1 ( t0 )
E
q ( x , y, z , t ) =

32
8 3 2a az 0 (t )
2
2
t
t



x vx ( s ) ds + y vy ( s ) ds

exp

4a (t )

48

.., ..

( z v ( t ) z )2
( z v ( t ) + z )2

z
z
0
0
+ exp
d .
exp
4 az ( t )
4 az ( t )

(6)

, ,
G
v = ( (t ) , (t ) )

( x , y, z ,t )
t
1 1 ( t0 )
E

( x , y, z ,t ) = 3 2
32
8 a az 0 (t )

2
2
t
t



x ( s ) ds + y ( s ) ds

exp

4a (t )

( z v ( t ) z )2
( z v ( t ) + z )2

z
z
0
0
+ exp
d .
exp
4 az ( t )
4 az ( t )

(7)

(6) (7) , > t0 0. , ( 0,t0 ) , ..

, . ,
( t > t0 ),
(6), (7), , t0 .
( NO2 )
E = 50 , z0 = 3 . vx = 1 OX , v = 0,01 , 2 = 0,2 2 2 , 2 = 0,1 2 2 .
t0 = 20 . . 2
, z = 2 ,
,

49

 . 10, 2009

( t > t0 ).

300

y,

200
100

x,

0
-100
-100

100

300

500

700

900

1100

-200
-300
. 2 - , , : 1 t = 20 . ;
2 t = 25 . ; 3 t = 30 .

, t0
, , ,

( E t0 = const ), . ,
, , ..
.
. ,
,
,
,
- . , t0 0 t0 50

.., ..

, t0 . ,
,
. , , ,
, .

1.
2.

3.

4.

5.
6.

. /
.., .., .., .., ..- -: . , 2005.- 530.
. + (
3.0): . 27. 5 /. .
.:- , 2006. 252 .
.., .. . // . . . . .
. 8. : , 2008. .29-39.
.., .., .. . // . . . . . .9. : , 2009. . 39-45.
..
. .: , 1982.
.. . .: , 2001. 576 .

51