SHOCK IS A DEPRESSED CONDITION OF MANY BODY FUNCTIONS DUE TO THE FAILURE OF ENOUGH BLOOD TO CIRCULATE THROUGHOUT THE BODY

Y FOLLOWING SERIOUS INJURY.

BASIC CAUSES OF SHOCK: RELATIVE HYPOVOLEMIA THE BLOOD VESSEL CONSTITUTING THE CONTAINER CAN DILATE SO THAT THE BLOOD WITHIN THEM EVEN THOUGH IT IS OF NORMAL VOLUME, IS INSUFFICIENT TO FILL THE SYSTEM AND TO PROVIDE EFFICIENT PERFUSION. PUMP FAILURE THE HEART CAN BE DAMAGED BY INTENSIVE MUSCULAR DISEASE OR INJKURY, SO THAT IT FAILS TO SET PROPERLY AS A PUMP. IT DOESNT GENERATE SUFFICIENT ENERGY TO MOVE BLOOD THROUGH THE SYSTEM. HYPOVOLEMIA BLOOD OR PLASMA CAN BE LOST SO THAT THE VOLUME OF THE FLUID CONTAINED WITHIN THE VASCULAR SYSTEM IS INSUFFICIENT TO PERFUSE ALL AREAS WELL EACH MINUTE CLASSIFICATIONS OF SHOCK: CARDIOGENIC SHOCK THE VICTIM IS IN SHOCK AS A RESULT OF HEART ATTACK. IT IS CAUSED BY A DECREASED EFFECTIVENESS OF THE HEARTS PUMPING ACTION WHICH CAUSES THE BLOOD PRESSURE TO DROP. CHRONIC LUNG DISEASE WILL AGGRAVATE CARDIOGENIC SHOCK. ANAPHYLACTIC SHOCK DEVELOP WHEN AN INIDIVIDUAL COMES IN CONTACT WITH FOREIGN PROTEIN SUBSTANCE KNOWN ALLERGEN TO WHICH HE HAS BECOME SENSITIZE. HYPOVOLEMIC SHOCK ( HEMORRHAGIC) FOLLOWING INJUURY, SHOCK IS COMMONLY A RESULT OF FLUID OR BLOOD LOSS, ALSO RESULT FROM SEVERE THERMAL BURNS. PSYCHOGENIC SHOCK OR FAINTING ( SYNCOPE) IS THE SUDDEN REACTION OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM THAT PRODUCE PARTIAL OR

TEMPORARY VASCULAR DILATION. THE RESULT IS TEMPORARY , DEDUCTION OF THE BLOOD SUPPLY TO THE BRAIN BECAUSE THE BLOOD MOMENTARILY POOLS IN THHE DILAT3ED VESSEL IN THE OTHER PARTS OF THE BODY. NEUROGENIC SHOCK SHOCK THAT ACCOMPANIES SPINAL CHORD INJURY, BEST TREATED BY COMBINATION OF ALL KNOWN SUPPORTIVE MEASURES. METABOLIC SHOCK METABOLIC SHOCK IS USUALLY THE RESULT OF AN ILLNESS THAT HAS BEEN PRESENT FOR A LONG TIME OR HAS BEEN EXTREMELY OVER A BRIEF PERIOD. RESPIRATORY SHOCK (NONVASCULAR CAUSES) THE PORPER EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT OFSHOCK AS A RESULT OF INADEQUATE RESPIRATION INVOLVES THE IMMEDIATE SECURING AND MAINTAINING OF AIRWAY.

SEPTIC SHOCK IN SOME PATIENTS WHO HAVE SEVERE BACTERIAL INFECTION, TOXINS (POISON) CAN BE PENETRATED BY THE BACTERIA OR INFECTED BODY TISSUUE. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF SHOCK:

EARLY STAGE: FACE PALE OR CYANOTIC IN COLOR SKIN COLD AND CLAMMY BREATHING IRREGULAR RAPID, SHALLOW PULSE RAPID AND WEAK NAUSEA AND VOMITING WEAKNESS THIRSTY

LATE STAGE: IF THE CONDITION DETERIORATES, VICTIM MAY BECOME APATHETIC OR RELATIVELY UNRESPONSIVE. EYES WILL BE SUNKEN WITH VACANT EXPRESSION PUPILS ARE DILATED

BLOOD VESSELS MAY BECOME CONGESTED PRODUCING MOTTLED APPEARANCE. UNCONCIOUSNESS MAY OCCUR.

FIRST AID PREVENTIVE MANAGEMENT OF SHOCK:

1.PROPER POSTION KEEP THE VICTIM LYING SOWN FLAT IF THE VICTIM IS UNCONCIOUS, MAINTAIN OPEN AIRWAY,. CHECK VITAL SIGNS. ELEVATE THE LOWER PART OF THE BODY , A FOOT OR SO IF INJURY IS SEVERE, FROM 8 TO 12 INCHES HIGH. PLACE THE VICTIM, WHO IS HAVING DIFFICULTY IN BREATHING, O0N HIS BACK, WITH HIS HEAD AND SHOULDER RAISED. (HEAD INJURY) APPLY PRESSURE ON THE VICTIM LYING FLAT. DO NOT ELEVATE HEAD OR LOWER EXTREMETIES. WHEN COLOR OF THE FACE RETURN TO NORMAL , ELEVATE HEAD AND SHOULDER AND CONTINUE GIVING CARE TO INJURY . IN CHEST INJURY, RAISE THE HEAD AND SHOULDRE SLIGHTLY.

2.PROPER BODY HEAT MAINTAIN BODY TEMPERATURE AND VICTIM MUST NOT BE PERSPIRING NOR CHILLING. IF THE WEATHER IS WARM, THE VICTIM NEED NOT BE COVERED. IF VCTIM IS COLD , INSPITE OF THE WEATHER, A BLANKET MAY BE PLACED UNDERNEATH HIM AND COVER THE BODY. NOTE: DO NOT GIVE ANYTHING BY MOUTH INCLUDING WATER. IF MEDICAL CARE IS DELAYED AND VICTIM IS COMPLAINING OF INTENSIVE THIRST, YOU MAY WET HIS/HER LIPS 3. PROPER MEDICAL ADDVICE/ CONSULTATION IF CONDITION WORSEN, RADIO FOR MEDICAL ADVICE.