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Alternators generate electricity using the same principle as DC generators, namely, when the magnetic field around a conductor changes, a current is induced in the conductor. Typically, a rotating magnet, called the rotor turns within a stationary set of conductors wound in coils on an iron core, called the stator. The field cuts across the conductors, generating an induced emf (electromotive force), as the mechanical input causes the rotor to turn.
Diagram of a simple alternator with a rotating magnetic core (rotor) and stationary wire (stator) also showing the current induced in the stator by the rotating magnetic field of the rotor.
An automotive battery is a type of rechargeable battery that supplies electric energy to an automobile. Usually this refers to an SLI battery (starting, lighting, ignition) to power the starter motor, the lights, and the ignition system of a vehicles engine. An automotive battery may also be a traction battery used for the main power source of an electric vehicle. NOTE : this is to limit the use of battery in cars by putting the alternators in the rear end wheel of the car for some failures of battery functions. Common battery faults include: * Shorted cell due to failure of the separator between the positive and negative plates * Shorted cell or cells due to build up of shed plate material building up below the plates of the cell * Broken internal connections due to corrosion * Broken plates due to vibration and corrosion