1.Define coupling factor of DC?

ans:Coupling factor The coupling factor is defined as: where P1 is the input power at port 1 and P3 is the output power from the couple d port (see figure 1). The coupling factor represents the primary property of a directional coupler. Co upling factor is a negative quantity, it cannot exceed 0 dB for a passive device , and in practice does not exceed 3 dB since more than this would result in more power output from the coupled port than power from the transmitted port in eff ect their roles would be reversed.

2.define directivity of DC ans:Directivity Directivity is directly related to isolation. It is defined as: Directivity: where: P3 is the output power from the coupled port and P4 is the power output f rom the isolated port. The directivity should be as high as possible Directivity is not directly measurable, and is calculated from the difference of the isolation and coupling measurements as:[8]

3.define isolation ans:Isolation of a directional coupler can be defined as the difference in signa l levels in dB between the input port and the isolated port when the two other p orts are terminated by matched loads, or: Isolation: Isolation can also be defined between the two output ports. In this case, one of the output ports is used as the input; the other is considered the output port while the other two ports (input and isolated) are terminated by matched loads. Consequently: The isolation between the input and the isolated ports may be different from the isolation between the two output ports. For example, the isolation between port s 1 and 4 can be 30 dB while the isolation between ports 2 and 3 can be a differ ent value such as 25 dB

4.write s matrix for ideal DC ans:The S matrix for an ideal (infinite isolation and perfectly matched) symmetr ical directional coupler is given by, is the transmission coefficient and, is the coupling coeff icient

5.what is basic property of ideal DC ans:

6.what are the diff types of DC's ans: