TNG QUAN

H H TR RA QUYT NH
Phan Hin

D liu

Tri thc

Quyt nh

Mi trng Mc ch

Vn
S pht trin h thng qun l d liu. Pht trin mnh m ca thng tin. (a dng v nhiu ngun) Pht trin ca cc i th cnh tranh. Pht trin ca yu t tri thc trong nh qun tr. (ng gp trong kinh nghim) Nhu cu ra quyt nh trong doanh nghip. (Phi ng lc, hp l v chi ph ph hp,..)

nh ngha
Decision Support Systems - DSS H h tr ra quyt nh l phng php ly tri thc ng cho ra quyt nh hp l vo ng lc v c mc ph hp l. l s kt hp gia tri thc v vic to lp quyt nh. (Knowledge Decision making)

Yu t

Vai tr ca tri thc trong DSS

To s a dng ca cc phng n. L c s cho s ng n ca quyt nh.

Yu cu
Hiu tri thc M t tri thc Qun l tri thc X l tri thc

Yu t
Vai tr ca to lp quyt nh trong DSS To lp quyt nh chia lm 3 giai on

Thu thp thng tin, tri thc, (thu thp, chn lc,chun ha, ) Thit k: Xy dng cc phng n thay th. Phn tch cc phng n -> c tri thc mi. La chn: s dng cc tri thc thu c la chn cc phng n ph hp. Ph hp c th l chi ph thp v hiu qu, c th l ph hp vi mc tiu t ra,

To lp quyt nh
Phng n n Phng n n-1 Mc ch

D liu

Thit lp Phng n 3 Phng n 2 Phng n 1

La chn

Quyt nh

Rng buc

Phng php truyn thng trong to lp quyt nh

To lp quyt nh
Phng n n Phng n n-1 Tri thc Mc ch

Tri thc

Thit lp Phng n 3

La chn PA

Quyt nh

X l d liu

Phng n 2 Phng n 1 Rng buc

D liu

To lp quyt nh c s dng tri thc

Vn gp phi
Xc nh vn ? La chn d liu cho ph hp ? M t tri thc v s dng tri thc th no ? Bao nhiu cc phng n mi l ? La chn th no hng mc tiu, vi tri thc v rng buc, yu t mi trng ?

Phn loi DSS

To lm 5 xu hng chnh Model Driven Data Driven Communication Driven Document Driven Knowledge Driven

Model Driven
M hnh vn dng cc m hnh ton ti chnh, cc m hnh d bo, ti u, v cc m hnh gi lp a ra s h tr trong cc quyt nh ca mt vn . D liu thng b gii hn v tham s, khng gian (thng theo cc m hnh ton)

V d: M hnh h tr iu xe cho t tn chi ph v n cc ni (bi ton vn ti)

Data Driven
M hnh s dng cc d liu c tnh cht l chui hay thi gian to lp cc bo co gip cho vic ra quyt nh. M hnh phi phn tch v rt trch d liu to lp cc bo co tng hp, cc thng tin theo mc ch. V sau pht trin vi cc ng dng gi l Data WareHouse

Communication Driven
M hnh ny quan tm n vic h tr ra quyt nh di dng nhm. Gii quyt nhng vn ca nhm ngi cng ra quyt nh

Nhiu phng n khc nhau la chn Nhiu cch gii quyt khc nhau Phng php kt ni gia nhm ra quyt nh

Document Driven
M hnh s dng cc phng php phn tch v rt trch thng tin dng vn bn (c th l vn bn, ti liu nh, phim, m thanh,). V d: h thng h tr nh qun tr nhn thc thi v th hiu tiu dng ca khch hng qua cc thng tin phn hi (c th l th t, hay hnh nh nt mt ca khch hng khi ti cng ty,)

Knowledge Driven
M hnh s dng h thng qun l tri thc p dng vo vic ra quyt nh. S dng cc tr tu nhn to S pht trin dn hnh thnh nn cc h thng gi l h chuyn gia (Expert System)

Kin trc DSS

Bao gm 4 phn cn bn H thng ngn ng
(Language System LS)

H thng th hin
(Presentation System PS)

H thng tri thc

(Knowledge System KS)

H thng x l
(Problem Processing System PPS)

Kin trc DSS

Ngi dng Ngi ra quyt nh H thng ngn ng - Tip nhn d liu, thng tin, v c tri thc - Ni giao tip ngi dng H thng x l - Ly d liu. - Ly tri thc. - Chn lc. - Chun ha. ----------- o lng - So snh - iu khin - Suy din H thng tri thc

Ngi nhn tri thc

Ngi pht trin Nh qun tr ..

- M t tri thc. - X l tri thc. - Suy din trn tri thc.

-Xut thng tin, tri thc ra cho ngi dng. - Ra quyt nh dng h tr H thng th hin

Mt s vn
Ngn ng l vn ln Cch th hin tri thc Qun l tri thc Phng php x l tri thc

S bin i trong kin trc ca DSS hnh thnh nn mt s dng ring bit.

DSS hng chui (Text oriented)

Quan tm n x l chui trong vic t tri thc t li ni, pht biu, thng tin t bo ch, M t tri thc dng chui (n gn vi con ngi, v t c tnh cu trc) Pht trin dn thnh x l thng tin trn WEB (HyperText), c th c Hyperlink, v XML ng ngha. Xt v d h Text Oriented DSS

DSS hng d liu (Data oriented)

Khai thc d liu dng bng t v m t tri thc. u im mang tnh cu trc, nhng li khng gn vi con ngi. Thng s dng cc ngn ng truy vn cu trc khai thc.

Xt v d v Data oriented DSS

SpreadSheet oriented DSS

S pht trin ca hng d liu, to ra bng d liu c ng ngha cao hn. Tp cc , v c tnh nng lp cc cng thc cho . Gip ch cho vic tng hp d liu tt. To iu kin tt cho ly v th hin thng tin tri thc.

Xt v d v Spreadsheet oriented DSS

DSS hng gii php (Solve oriented)

Quan tm nhiu n gii php h tr. Cc gii php ch yu l m hnh ton ti chnh, cc m hnh d bo, m hnh ti u, . S thay i cc gii php cho ph hp

Xt v d Solve Oriented DSS

DSS hng lut (Rule oriented)

M phng s ra quyt nh ca con ngi vi dng cc suy din kiu nu th . Hng m t tri thc qua cc lut. Ch yu l cc h chuyn gia trong lnh vc hp no .

Xt v d Rule Oriented DSS

DSS t hp (Compound)
Ngi dng Ngi ra quyt nh H thng ngn ng - Tip nhn d liu, thng tin, v c tri thc - Ni giao tip ngi dng H thng x l - Ly d liu. - Ly tri thc. - Chn lc. - Chun ha. ----------- o lng - So snh - iu khin - Suy din H thng tri thc X l - Hng chui - Hng d liu. - Hng SpreadSheet - Hng gii php. - Hng lut - . ------------------ Suy din

Ngi nhn tri thc

Ngi pht trin Nh qun tr ..

-Xut thng tin, tri thc ra cho ngi dng. - Ra quyt nh dng h tr H thng th hin

L s kt hp cc phng php trc

DSS
Tt c u c thnh phn suy din tri thc. Mi mt th c th c suy din t n gin n phc tp. Mi mt th c th c c ch lu gi v khai thc tri thc khc nhau.

Thc t
Ngi s dng Tnh kh thi ca DSS.

phc tp Chi ph

Tnh ng dng ca DSS

ng dng trong nhiu lnh vc ???? C th thay th cc chuyn gia ????

tin cy ca DSS ????