THNG TIN QUANG

Qunh Nguyn

Outline

L thuyt c bn Tng quan Cu trc chi tit Tc nhn trong mi trng truyn Phng thc iu ch c im, h thng ti Vit Nam

L thuyt c bn

Thuyt lng t

Tn hiu quang bao gm cc n v ri rc photons Nng lng ca 1 photon :

h

l hng s Planck v l tn s

Thuyt in t

Tn hiu quang l sng in t, 2 thnh phn in v t trc giao vi nhau

c l tc nh sng v l tn s l bc sng nh sng

nh lut c bn

Truyn thng :
Khi

c truyn trong mi trng ng nht, nh sng i theo ng thng, khng b gp khc

Khc x:

Phn x:

Tng quan h thng TTQ

M hnh h thng

B pht quang :chuyn tn hiu in thnh dng bit quang ph hp vi mi trng truyn dn. Knh truyn : cp si quang B nhn quang : ti to tn hiu quang thnh dng tn hiu in ban u

B pht quang

Ngun quang :laser hay LED, cung cp sng mang B iu ch : to ra dng bit quang

Knh truyn

B suy hao : b lp hay b khuch i

B nhn quang

b tch sng quang : chuyn i quang in, photodiode PIN v photodiode thc APD b gii iu ch in : ti to dng tn hiu in t photodetector thnh dng tn hiu ban u

M hnh WDM

WDM (Wavelength Division Multiplexed) : a hp phn chia theo bc sng

Cu trc chi tit

B pht

LED (Light-Emitting Diode):

GaAs/GaAlAs

: 850nm InP/InGaAsP : 1300nm, 1550nm

Laser Diode (Light Amplication by Stimulate Emission of Radiation Diode)

B pht
LED

LASER

Cng sut pht x thp (vi mW) Tc bit nh Truyn quang c ly ngn D ch to, chi ph thp

Cng sut pht x cao (vi chc mW) Tc bit ln Truyn quang c ly di Chi ph cao hn

B iu ch quang

B iu ch pha n gin

B iu ch Mach-Zender

Cp quang

Li hnh tr bng thy tinh chit sut n1, lp v phn x chit sut n2>n1

Si a mode ch s chit sut phn bc

Si a mode ch s chit sut gradient

Si n mode

B khuch i

M hnh :

Active medium (vng tch cc) : mi trng din ra qu trnh khuch i nh sng Pump Source (ngun bm): ngun cung cp nng lng t bn ngoi, quyt nh ln khuch i, ph thuc vo cu to ca vng tch cc Optical input signal : tn hiu quang u vo cn khuch i Amplified optical output signal : tn hiu quang u ra c khuch i

EDFA (Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier)

Si quang pha ion t him Erbium EDF (Erbium Doped Fiber) Ngun bm laser Coupler Isolator

Photodiode

Chuyn i tn hiu quang thu c thnh tn hiu in ln ca dng in pht sinh bi photodiode ph thuc vo bc sng ca nh sng ti. H s chuyn i dng photo R: c trng cho dng photo pht ra trn mt n v cng sut quang

Giao thoa k Mach- Zenhder

Gm 1 coupler 2x2 u vo,coupler 2x2 u ra, v 2 ng dn sng gia c s khc bit di quang l tng ng vi s nguyn ln chu k bit ng dn sng pha trn ca MZDI l 1 nhnh ni trc tip trong khi ng dn sng pha di c tr hon thay i pha

Tc nhn trong mi trng truyn

Tc nhn

Tuyn tnh :
Suy

hao (Loss) Tn sc Tn sc ch phn cc

Phi tuyn :
SPM

(Self phase modulation) XPM (Cross phase modulation) FWM (Four Wave Mixing)

Suy hao

Suy hao l hin tng nh sng khi truyn i trn cp quang b suy hao do s hp th vt liu v tn x Rayleigh. Suy hao si (cn gi l suy hao tn hiu) thng c c trng bng h s suy hao

Tn sc

Do h s khc x ca thy tinh thay i theo bc sng, mi xung li bao gm mt di cc bc sng, tn hiu truyn i trn si cp quang sau mt khong thi gian s b tri rng. Xung b dn c th gy ra hin tng ph chm ca cc xung k nhau, c kh nng gy ra li tn hiu.

Tn sc ch phn cc

Hai thnh phn cc ca nh sng trong ng dn sng di chuyn tc khc nhau do s bt i xng ca ng dn sng trong thc t, gy ra s tri rng ca xung quang

Phng thc iu ch

C ch iu ch

Da vo c tnh ca laser m ngi ta phn ra 3 c ch iu ch

Cng (Intensity): On Off Keying Pha : Cc phng php FSK (Frequency Shift Keying), PSK (Phase Shift Keying), DPSK (Differential Phase Shift Keying), DQPSK (Differential Quadrature Phase Shift Keying) Cc : phng php kh mi, ang c nghin cu, k thut gii iu ch phc tp hn

Phng thc iu ch ph bin

OOK : NRZ-RZ

DQPSK (Differential
Quadrature Phase Shift Keying)

NRZ vs RZ
NRZ

RZ

Non return to Zero Bit s liu c truyn chim c chu k bit Nng lng nhu hn,tit kim bng thng

Return to Zero Bit c truyn biu hin nh hn mt chu k bit Tn bng thng Chu nh hng phi tuyn tt hn

H thng ti Vit Nam

u khuyt im

u im
suy hao thp Bng thng ln Tc cao Bo mt Khng chu nhiu xuyn m Khng chu nh hng nhiu cm ng sng in t Bn, trin khai trn nhiu a hnh

Khuyt im
Chi

ph cao Kh u ni

H thng cp quang ti Vit Nam

Cp quang bin : huyt mch kt ni mng vin thng ra th gii

TVH

: 560Mbps 2 nhnh, VN i Thi Lan,Hongkong (H thng cp b ti i cp quang bin quc t Vng Tu) SMW-3 : 80Gbps kt ni Vit Nam vi 40 nc u (H thng cp b ti i cp quang bin quc t Nng) AAG (Asia America Gateway) khai trng 27/11/09 ti Vng Tu ( 500 Gbps, d kin 2 Tbsp)

Cp quang t lin

XIN CM N LNG NGHE !