high, intermediate low hepatic extraction drugs A

Alfentanil

I LL I

Alprazolam B

Amisulpride

I I

Amiodarone Biperidine C
H

Amitriptyline Andriamycin

Atorvastatin

I I

Azathioprine

LL

Bromazepam Caffeine
LL

Bromocriptine Buspirone
H

LL

Carbamazepine Carvidilol
I

Ceftriaxone

LH LH LH LH

LL

Chlorambucil

Chlorpromazine Ciprofloxacin Cisapride Codeine

L I H I

H H

Cefoperazone Citalopram
LL

Chloramphenicol Clofibrate
LH H

Chlorprothixene

LH

Chlordiazepoxide Clomethiazole Clomipramine Clozapine

I

Clarithromycin Clindamycin Clobazam D

LL LH

LH

Cyclophosphamide Cyclosporin
H LH

Cyproterone

Dexamethasone Diazepam E
LH H

Diltiazem Doxepin
H

I LL

Dibenzepin

Diphenhydramine

Doxycycline

LL

Enalapril F

I I

Entacapone Felodipine
I

Erythromycin

I LL

Ethosuximide Fluoxetine
LL H

Etoposide

Flumazenil

H LL

Flunitrazepam Fluorouracil G Gemfibrozil H I

H

Flupentixol

Fluvastatin
I

H LL

Fluphenazine Flurazepam Glipizide

LH

Fluvoxamine

LL

LH

Haloperidol Ibuprofen
LH H

Hydroxyurea Isoniazid dinitrate

LL

LL

Idarubicin

Imipramine L

Isosorbide
H H H

Itraconazole

Isradipine

Labetalol

H LL LH

Lamotrigine Letrozole M
LL

Levetiracetam Levodopa Lidocaine Lisuride

I H I

LL

Lorazepam Lovastatin

LH

Lansoprazole

Maprotiline

LH

Melphalan

LL

Methadone

LH

Medroxyprogestero ne
I I LL

Mercaptopurine Metronidazole Mianserin

H H I

Methaqualone Moclobemide Morphine mofetil

LH H

LL

LL

LL

Methyphenidate

Methylprednisone Metoclopramide Metoprolol N Naproxen

H

Midazolam

LL

Mirtazapine

Mycophenolate

LH H

Nicardipine Nifedipine O P
I

Nisoldipine Nitrazepam

H LL H

Nortriptyline

Nitroglycerine Omeprazole
LL I

Olanzapine

Oxazepam
LH

LH

Paracetamol Paroxetine
I

Phenprocoumon Phenytoin
LH LL

Prednisone Primidone

LL

LL H H

Pentazocine

H LH H

Pentobarbital Pethidine Q R
I

Pramipexole Pravastatin Prazosin

LL H I

Promethazine Propanolol
H

Perphenazine

Praziquantel

Propoxyphene

Phenobarbital Quetiapine Ranitidine

I H

Prednisolone Quinidine
I

LH

Rifampicin

LH

Risperidone

LL

Selegiline Sertraline Sildenafil T Tacrine

H

H LH

Sertindole

Simvastatin Sirolimus
H

Sulpride
LH LH

H H

H H

Spironolactone

Sumatriptan

Sulfamethoxazole Temozolomide
H LL

Tacrolimus Tamoxifen

Theophylline Tiagabine
LH

Tolcapone

LH LL LH

LL

Topiramate Trazodone

LH LH H

Temazepam Triamterene V

Tolbutamide Triazolam
LL

Toremifene

LH

LH H

Trimipramine

Valproic acid Venlafaxine W Z Warfarin Zaleplon

LH H

LH

Verapamil

H H

Vinorelbine

H H

Zidovudine

Zolpidem

LH LL

Zolpiclone

Zuclopenthixol

H = high hepatic extraction drug, I = Intermediate hepatic extraction drug, binding(< 90), LL = low hepatic extraction drug and low protein

binding( 90)

LH = low hepatic extraction drug and high protein