the words tappet and port are new to us.

A tappet is a short metal piece that fi ts between the end of the valve stem and the cam. it is used to adjust how far the valve moves. the opening or hole that the valve opens and closes is called the port. THE FOUR STROKE CYCLE: THE INTAKE STROKE figure 2 shows the intake stroke. the intake stroke is the piston movement t hat brings the fuel-air mixture into the cylinder. look at a. as the flywheel turns, the crankshaft is rotated.this causes the connecting rod to pull the piston down. when the piston moves down, the space in the cylind er is increased. this creates a negative pressure in the cylinder. now look at b. when the crankshaft turned, the crankshaft gear also turned and caused the camshaft gear to tum. the camshaft gear turned the camshaft so that t he cam lobe lifted the valve tappet. the tappet lifted the intake valve to the open position . now look at c. when the intake valve is opened. the outside air is pulled throug h the carburetor to fill the increased space in the cylinder. the carburetor is a devi ce that mixes the fuel (gasoline) with the air as it enters the engine. summary: As the piston moved down it pulled air through the carburator, where it was mixed with fuel. the fuel-air mixture was then pulled through the intake port into the cylinder. FOUR STROKE CYCLE: THE COMPRESSION STROKE figure 3 shows the compression stroke. the compression stroke is the piston movement that compresses the fuel-air mixture into a small space at the top of the cylind er, called the combustion chamber. look at a. the flywheel has continued to turn the crankshaft. the crankpin h as pushed the connecting rod-piston unit back into the cylinder. look at b. the crankshaft gear continued to turn the camshaft gear. the cams haft has tumed so the cam does not hold the valve open. the valve spring has pulled the i ntake valve down so that the intake port is closed. now look at c. both valves are closed and the piston is rising in the cylinder. the space in the cylinder is decreasing and the fuel-air mixture is being compressed. cylinder piston wrist pin or piston pin flywheel crankshaft

crank pin crankshaft gear camshaft camshaft gear cam valve valve spring tappet port love connecting rod