Menstruation is one stage of the MENSTRUAL CYCLE

The menstrual discharge contains: a. Blood b. Dead ovum c. A layer of tissue which covered the surface of the uterus wall.

The lining of uterus wall shed together with dead ovum and blood and discharged from female body through vagina

This is known as MENSTRUATION or PERIOD

It lasts for about 3 to 5 days

The lining of the uterus wall begins to repair itself

The lining slowly grow and thickens

One of ovaries released mature ovum on any one of the days during this period Ovum normally released on day 14 The process of releasing one mature ovum is called OVULATION This stage also known FERTILE PHASE of menstrual cycle Usually only one mature ovum is released each time from either of the ovaries alternately

The uterus lining continues to thicken and has lots of blood vessels The lining is now ready to received fertilised ovum for implantation If the ovum is not fertilised, it will die after 24 o 36 hours The tissue layer on the thick and soft uterus wall will break off and be expelled together with blood through the vagina as menstrual discharge Stage 1 repeat again

The calculation of menstrual cycle!!

Ovulationalways happen on the 14th days

Start

QUESTIONS :
What is menstruation?

How long is a menstrual cycle?

28 days
If fertilisation accurs, what happens to the menstrual cycle?

The menstrual cycle stop

1. Figure below shows four phases in a menstrual cycle. Identify each phase using words given. Repair phase Fertile phase Menstruation phase Pramenstrual phase

2. What happens during each phase? P : uterus lining breaks down and discharged form the body Q : uterus lining start to grow and thickens R : OVULATION occurs during this period S : uterus lining continues to thickens and has lots of blood vessels

Calculate the menstrual cycle for this woman

When menstruation begins, a female should: Wear a clean sanitary pad. Change the sanitary pad frequently. Bath as usual to maintain body cleanliness. Wash and wrap used sanitary pads with a paper or plastic bag before throwing it into a closed rubbish bin.