Thng t 37/2005/TT-BLTBXH hng dn cng tc hun luyn an ton lao ng, v sinh lao ng

I. THIT B P LC
1. Cc kin thc c bn:

Stt 1 Cc khi nim c bn

Ni dung

Yu cu cn t Lm cho ngi hc nm c:. - Cc thng s k thut c trng ca thit b p lc: dung tch, mi cht, nhit thit k, nhit lm vic, p sut thit k, p sut lm vic cho php. - Khi nim c bn v cc yu cu i vi vt liu ch to, kim sot qu trnh ch to, kim tra cht lng mi hn khi ch to bnh p lc v ng ng Lm cho ngi hc hiu c: - Cu to chi tit, cng dng ca cc b phn trn bnh p lc v ng ng ang vn hnh. - c tnh an ton, chy n ca mi cht lm vic.

Cu to chi tit ca thit b p lc m ngi lao ng ang vn hnh

3 3.1

Cc thit b ph, c cu o kim lp trn thit b m ngi hc ang vn hnh Van an ton Lm cho ngi hc nm c: - Cu to nguyn l hot ng ca van an ton. - Yu cu ca tiu chun an ton v s lng, kch thc v p sut m ca van an ton. - Quy trnh trng coi, kim tra van an ton Lm cho ngi hc nm c: - Cu to v nguyn l hot ng ca p k. - Yu cu ca tiu chun an ton v s lng, v tr lp t, thang o, ch kim nh p k. - Quy trnh trng coi, bo dng, kim tra p k. Lm cho ngi hc nm c: - Cu to v nguyn l hot ng ca mc lng k. - Quy trnh trng coi, bo dng, kim tra. Lm cho ngi hc nm c: - Nguyn l hot ng, p sut tc ng ca r le p sut. - Quy trnh trng coi, bo dng cc r le p sut. Lm cho ngi hc nm c vai tr, quy trnh s dng, bo dng cc van.

3.2

p k

3.3

Mc lng k

3.4

R le p sut

3.5

Cc van kha, van x, van mt chiu, c cu an ton c th ca thit b (VD: c cu chng m ca khi c p v.v.)

2. Cc kin thc v an ton, quy trnh lm vic v x l s c:

Cc s c c bn c lin quan n thit b p lc Quy trnh vn hnh, x l s c

Lm cho ngi hc hiu c khi nim, nguyn nhn v cc bin php phng nga i vi cc s c c bn c lin quan n thit b p lc: 1) N v. 2) X h, r r Lm cho ngi hc nm chc cc bc trong quy trnh vn hnh, trng coi x l s c thit b, cc bin php ngn nga s c, tai nn : - Quy trnh vn hnh v x l s c c th. Yu cu v ghi chp nht k vn hnh, bo dng sa cha. - Quy trnh c lp khi ngng s dng bo dng, sa cha. - Cc cng vic cn thit chun b, phc v cng tc kim tra, kim nh: ni dung ti liu k thut, cng tc v sinh, yu cu nghim th. Lm cho ngi hc nm c: - Yu cu ca cc quy nh hin hnh lin quan n bn thn ngi vn hnh: trch nhim, bi dng, st hch nh k v.v. - Yu cu ca quy nh hin hnh i vi vic kim tra, kim nh, nghim th thit b p lc m ngi hc ang vn hnh Theo hnh thc trc nghim.

Cc yu cu ca quy phm, tiu chun an ton v thit b p lc

Kim tra cui kha

II. VN HNH NI HI

1. Cc kin thc c bn:

Stt 1

Ni dung Cc khi nim c bn v nhit v truyn nhit.

Yu cu cn t Lm cho ngi hc nm c: - Khi nim v nc si, hi bo ha, hi qu nhit. Nguyn l ca qu trnh bin t nc thnh hi trong ni hi. - Khi nim v s chy: chy hon ton, chy khng hon ton. Lm cho ngi hc nm c: - Khi nim v cc loi ni hi c bn: ni hi ng l, ng la ; ni hi ng nc ; ni hi ng nc ng cng sut nh. - Cc thng s k thut c trng ca ni hi: cng sut, p sut thit k, p sut lm vic cho php, din tch truyn nhit. Lm cho ngi hc hiu c cu to chi tit, cng dng ca cc b phn ni hi ang vn hnh.

Cu to chung v cc thng s c trng ca ni hi

Cu to ca ni hi m ngi lao ng ang vn hnh

4 4.1

Cc thit b ph, c cu o kim lp trn ni hi m ngi hc ang vn hnh Van an ton Lm cho ngi hc nm c: - Cu to, nguyn l hot ng, v tr lp t, p sut m ca cc van an ton. - Quy trnh trng coi, kim tra van an ton Lm cho ngi hc nm c: - Cu to v nguyn l hot ng ca p k. - Yu cu ca tiu chun an ton v s lng, v tr lp t, thang o, ch kim nh p k. - Quy trnh trng coi, bo dng, kim tra p k. Lm cho ngi hc nm c: - Cu to v nguyn l hot ng ca cc ng thy. - Quy trnh trng coi, bo dng, kim tra ng thy. Lm cho ngi hc nm c: - S nguyn l ca h thng x y ni hi - Cu to ca van x - nh hng ca vic x y ni hi n cht lng nc l. - Quy trnh x y, trng coi, bo dng h thng x y. Lm cho ngi hc nm c: - Nguyn l hot ng ca r le p sut. - p sut ci t ca cc r le p sut - Quy trnh trng coi, bo dng r le p sut. Lm cho ngi hc nm c: - Phn loi, nguyn l hot ng ca r le mc nc. - Yu cu kim sot mc nc trong ni hi. - Quy trnh trng coi, bo dng, kim tra h thng kim sot mc nc. Lm cho ngi hc nm c vai tr, quy trnh s dng, bo dng cc van. Lm cho ngi hc nm c: - S , nguyn l hot ng ca h thng cp nc. - Yu cu v s lng, cng sut, p sut ca bm cp nc. Quy trnh vn hnh, bo dng bm cp nc. - Quy trnh trng coi khi vn hnh, quy trnh kim tra kh nng bo v ca h thng t ng bo v cn nc. Lm cho ngi hc nm c c tnh an ton ca loi nhin liu ang s dng (than, ci, du, kh), quy trnh vn hnh, bo dng cc h thng cung cp nhin liu, bung t, h thng kim sot ngn la, h thng thi tro x ang vn hnh. C th: - Ni hi t du: c tnh ca du (im bt chy, nht, cc nguyn l tn sng, yu cu gia nhit) ; h thng cung cp v t du: bm du, b gia nhit, lc du, b t - Ni hi t nhin liu rn: nguyn l cu to, quy trnh vn hnh v bo dng h thng t nhin liu rn (th cng, ghi xch, than bt, tng si v.v.) - Ni hi t nhin liu kh: h thng cp kh, vi t kh. Lm cho ngi hc nm c: - Nguyn l ca h thng cung cp khng kh v thi khi: t nhin hay cng bc, cng dng ca qut gi, qut ht, ng khi. - Nguyn l cu to, quy trnh trng coi, kim tra v bo dng qut gi, qut khi, ng khi, van gi, van khi. - Nguyn nhn, tc hi, cc bin php phng trnh hin tng n mn, mi mn trong bung t, ng khi. Lm cho ngi hc nm c yu cu cht lng nc cp cho ni hi, nh hng ca cht lng nc cp , nc l n an ton v cht lng vn hnh ni hi, cu to v quy trnh vn hnh h thng x l nc cp. C th:

4.2

p k

4.3

ng thy

4.4

Van x y

4.5

R le p sut

4.6

H thng kim sot mc nc

4.7 5

Cc van kha, van mt chiu H thng cp nc

H thng t nhin liu

H thng gi - khi

Nc cp v h thng x l nc

- Nguyn nhn tn ti v nh hng ca cc tp cht trong nc cp , nc l. - Hin tng v tc hi, cc bin php phng trnh cu cn, n mn bn trong l hi. - Nguyn l, s h thng x l nc trong l, ngoi l - Quy trnh vn hnh, bo dng h thng x l nc.

2. Cc kin thc v an ton, quy trnh lm vic v x l s c:

Cc s c c bn c lin quan n thit b p lc Quy trnh vn hnh, x l s c

Lm cho ngi hc hiu c khi nim, nguyn nhn v cc bin php phng nga i vi cc s c c bn c lin quan n thit b p lc:1) N v. 2) X h, r r Lm cho ngi hc nm chc cc bc trong quy trnh vn hnh, trng coi x l s c thit b ni hi, cc bin php ngn nga s c, tai nn :

- Cc thao tc thng ra ng thy, p k, x y, thao tc kim tra h thng t ng bo v cn nc. - Quy trnh c th trong vic khi ng, ngng ni v trng coi trong qu trnh vn hnh k c tun t ng m cc van, thao tc cc thit b ph, kim sot v iu chnh nhin liu, khng kh, nc v p sut. Yu cu v ghi chp nht k vn hnh, bo dng sa cha ni hi. - Nm c hin tng, nguyn nhn, nguyn tc x l, quy trnh x l cc s c: thiu nc, y nc, qu p, tt la, n bung t, x h cc b phn chu p lc, h hng h thng cp nc. - Nm c quy trnh c lp, lm v sinh, bo qun ni hi khi dng l trong thi gian di. - Nm c cc cng vic cn thit chun b, phc v kim tra, kim nh: ni dung ti liu k thut, cng tc v sinh, yu cu th thy lc. 3 Cc yu cu ca quy phm, tiu chun an ton v ni hi, bnh p lc Kim tra cui kha Lm cho ngi hc nm c: - Yu cu ca cc quy nh hin hnh lin quan n bn thn ngi vn hnh: trch nhim, chng ch, bi dng, st hch nh k v.v. - Yu cu ca quy nh hin hnh v cng tc kim tra, kim nh k thut an ton i vi ni hi m ngi hc ang vn hnh. Theo hnh thc trc nghim.

III. AN TON IN
1. Cc kin thc c bn:

Stt

Ni dung

Yu cu cn t

Cc khi nim c bn

Lm cho ngi hc nm c:. - Nguyn l vn hnh ca mch in - Khi nim c bn v : dng in, mch in, in tr, vt dn, ni t, cch in

2. Cc kin thc c th v bo v chng in git:

Cc tai nn c lin quan n in

Lm cho ngi hc nm c hin tng, nguyn nhn v mc nguy him ca cc tai nn in ch yu: in git, bng do in git, ng do in git, chy n do in

Cc nguy c gy ra in git

Lm cho ngi hc nm c cc nguy c gy ra in git trong qu trnh sn xut:

3 Cc bin php phng trnh in git

Vt dn trn. cm v phch cm, dy dn in khng m bo Khng c ni t hoc ni t khng tt

Mch in b qu ti

Lm cho ngi hc nm c cc nguyn l, phng php thc hin cc bin php m bo an ton ch yu phng trnh in git:

S dng cu ch, CB, ELCB ng cng sut Ni t v thit b Lun kim tra dy ni, phch cm ca thit b cm tay trc khi s dng.


4 Cch nhn bit tnh trng thit b in khng m bo an ton

Che chn, cch ly cc vt dn trn.

Lun ct in hon ton trc khi sa cha in.

Lm cho ngi hc nm c cc du hiu v biu hin mt an ton v in:

5 Kim tra cui kha

CB hay ELCB b ngt Thit b, dy ni hay cm b nng

Cch in b h hng

Theo hnh thc trc nghim.

IV. AN TON H THNG LNH

1. Cc kin thc c bn:

Stt

Ni dung

Yu cu cn t

c im cu to ca cc b phn chnh trong h thng m ngi hc ang vn hnh

- c tnh an ton, chy n, c hi ca cc mi cht lnh s dng trong h thng. - S nguyn l h thng. - p sut, nhit mi cht ti cc im nt trn s - S b tr cc van chnh, vai tr ca tng van. - Nguyn l hot ng v cu to ca my nn lnh. - Cu to v nguyn l hot ng ca dn ngng, dn bay hi (bao gm c s h thng ti lnh v lm mt dn ngng) - Cu to ca cc bnh chu p lc trong h thng: bnh cha, bnh tch lng, tch du, bnh trao i nhit, bnh lc, v.v.) - c im h thng ng ng

Cc thit b ph, c cu o kim lp trn h thng m ngi hc ang vn hnh

2.1

Van an ton

Lm cho ngi hc nm c: - Cu to, nguyn l hot ng, v tr lp t, p sut m ca cc van an ton trong h thng - Quy trnh trng coi, kim tra van an ton

2.2

Van tit lu

Lm cho ngi hc nm c: - Cu to v nguyn l hot ng, v tr lp t ca cc thit b, c cu trong h thng - Quy trnh trng coi, bo dng, kim tra.

2.3

R le p sut cao p, h p, chnh lch p sut du v p sut ht

2.4

Van in t, van kha, van mt chiu

2.5

p k

2.6

Dng c ch th mc lng

2. Cc kin thc v an ton, quy trnh lm vic v x l s c:

Cc s c c bn c lin quan n thit b p lc

Lm cho ngi hc hiu c khi nim, nguyn nhn v cc bin php phng nga i vi cc s c c bn c lin quan n thit b p lc: 1) N v. 2) X h, r r

Quy trnh vn hnh, x l s c

Lm cho ngi hc nm c: - Biu hin, nguyn nhn v cch x l cc hin tng bt thng, cc s c thng gp trong qu trnh:

Np, rt ga Khi ng, trng coi vn hnh, ngng my Thm v rt du bi trn X bng, x kh khng ngng

- Cc cng vic cn thit chun b, phc v cng tc kim tra, kim nh: ni dung ti liu k thut, cng tc v sinh, yu cu nghim th kn, th thy lc.

Cc yu cu ca quy phm, tiu chun an ton v thit b p lc v h thng lnh

Lm cho ngi hc nm c: - Yu cu ca cc quy nh hin hnh lin quan n bn thn ngi vn hnh: trch nhim, chng ch, bi dng, st hch nh k v.v. - Yu cu ca quy nh hin hnh v cng tc kim tra, kim nh k thut an ton i vi h thng lnh m ngi hc ang vn hnh.

Kim tra cui kha

Theo hnh thc trc nghim.

V. HN IN-HN HI
1. Cc kin thc c bn:

Cc vn an ton chung

Lm cho ngi hc nm c cc mi nguy him lin quan n qu trnh hn: ng c do khi, chy n, bng, in git v.v. v cc cc yu cu c th lin quan n vic thng gi, s dng trang b phng h (knh, mt n hn, qun o, v.v) trong cng tc hn

An ton trong hn kh

3.2

c tnh an ton ca oxy v cc loi kh chy s dng trong hn ct bng kh

Lm cho ngi hc nm c c tnh an ton, chy n ca oxy v cc loi kh chy ch yu: - Axetylen - LPG

3.1

An ton trong s dng chai cha kh

Lm cho ngi hc nm c cc nguyn l m bo an ton trong vic s dng, bo qun v vn chuyn cc chai cha kh

3.2

An ton trong vn hnh m hn

Lm cho ngi hc nm c cu to, nguyn l vn hnh ca cc loi m hn c bn, quy trnh an ton trong vic th kn, thng thi, mi la, tt la

3.3

An ton trong s dng van gim p, dy dn kh

Lm cho ngi hc nm c cu to, nguyn l vn hnh v cc ch an ton c lin quan n vic s dng van gim p, ng dn kh, thit b ngn la tt li v.v.

3.4

Mt s s c thng gp, phng php x l

Lm cho ngi hc nm c hin tng, nguyn nhn, cch x l mt s s c thng gp trong qu trnh hn, ct bng kh:

4 An ton trong hn in

Cc s c lin quan n chai cha kh: r r, van chai b tc, gy v.v.

Cc s c lin quan n ngn la: nut la, chy ngc v.v.

4.1. Cc mi nguy him ch yu c lin quan n cng tc hn in

Lm cho ngi hc nm c hin tng, mc nguy him ca cc mi nguy him ch yu c lin quan n qu trnh hn in:

4.2. Cc bin php m bo an ton trong hn in

Tia la in in git Khi hn

Chy n do hn

Lm cho ngi hc nm c phng php, quy trnh thc hin cc bin php m bo an ton trong qu trnh hn in:

5 Kim tra cui kha

An ton trong s dng my hn, m hn, cp hn

Quy trnh an ton in trong cng tc hn

Theo hnh thc trc nghim.