Excel2000 20060208 160145

Ch ng trnh Giang day Kinh te Fulbright
Tai lieu tham khao
Ky nang phan tch kinh te tren Excel
Nhom bien soan: Phong may tnh Fulbright ang Canh Thac Tran Thanh Thai Tran Thanh Phong
Thang 08/2002
LI GII THIEU
Vi long mong moi giup cho cac hoc sinh, sinh vien, nh ng ngi co nhu cau tm hieu, nghien cu ve Microsoft Excel, nh ng ngi ang lam viec co lien quan en Excel, s dung Excel nh mot cong cu phan tch va giai toan; chung toi cho ra i cuon sach Excel trong phan tch kinh te nay, nham ap ng c nhu cau noi tren. Nham ti muc tieu tiet kiem thi gian cho cac oc gia, cuon sach nay c c trnh bay theo tng van e vi cac thao tac tng bc tng bc mot; cac oc gia ch viec ngoi tren may va thc hien theo cac thao tac c mo ta theo tng bai. Trong phien ban sap ti cua tai lieu nay toi xin phep c gii thieu mot vai ng dung cua Excel trong quan ly ke toan va trong phan tch tai chnh. ay la tap tai lieu au tay cua chung, chac han khong tranh khoi nh ng sai sot, rat mong c s ong gop y kien cua cac oc gia, toi xin tran trong cam n cac y kien ong gop quy bau cua oc gia e cho cac xuat ban sau se hoan thien hn. Th ve 232 bis 01/C Vo Th Sau, Quan 3 Thanh pho Ho Ch Minh. Xin chan thanh cam n.
Tp. Ho Ch Minh, Ngay 01 Thang 08 Nam 2002 Phong may tnh
MUC LUC
Trang 1. Lam quen vi bang tnh .......................................................................................... 1 1.1. 1.2. 1.3. 1.4. 2.1. 2.2. 2.3. 2.4. 2.5. 2.6. 3.1. 3.2. 3.3. 3.4. 4.1. 4.2. 4.3. 4.4. 4.5. 4.6. 4.7. 5.1. 5.2. 5.3. 5.4. 5.5. M Excel, ong Excel, phong to, thu nho ca so Thanh menu Cac thanh cong cu Them, bt va m rong hang, cot, cac o trong bang tnh Nhap d lieu Sa d lieu Thay oi o rong cot S dung thanh cac cong cu chnh e tac ong len d lieu S dung thanh nh dang e nh dang lai d lieu Lu tap tin Cac phep tnh can ban Lap cac cong thc tnh toan, sao chep cong thc trong bang tnh D ch chuyen khoi, xoa va sao chep khoi d lieu ong khung khoi d lieu Nhom ham Thong ke Nhom ham Tai chanh Nhom ham Toan hoc Nhom ham Chuoi Nhom ham Ngay, gi Nhom ham Logic Nhom ham Tm kiem Man hnh o th va cac thuat ng hien tren o th Ve bieu o mot ng thang t bang so cho trc Ve bieu o nhieu ng t bang co nhieu cot lien tiep hay cach ri Chnh sa, nh dang lai bieu o Ve them ng vao o th co san
2. Tao bang tnh mi ................................................................................................... 6
3. Thc hien cac phep tnh va nhng thao tac can ban tren bang tnh ............... 20
4. S dung ham trong bang tnh............................................................................... 25
5. Ve o th tren bang tnh ....................................................................................... 36
6. Chnh trang in va in an ......................................................................................... 51 6.1. 6.2. 6.3. 6.4. 6.5. 6.6. 6.7. 6.8. 7.1. 7.2. 7.3. 8.1. 8.2. 8.3. 9.1. 9.2. 9.3. 9.4. 9.5. 9.6. Vai cau hoi trc khi in Chnh trang in nh dang bang thanh nh dang nh dang o (format cell) tren bang tnh nh dang mot khoi nhieu o Cat trang doc, cat trang ngang, nh cho khoi d lieu lot vao 1 trang. anh vao phan tren au va di chan (header, footer) ieu chnh in an: (in la chon, in tng trang va in tat ca) Phan tch o nhay mot chieu Phan tch o nhay hai chieu Phan tch hoi qui Bai toan phan tch tnh huong Bai toan tm giao iem cua ng cung va ng cau Bai toan qui hoach tuyen tnh Khai bao bien gia thiet, bien ket qua Chay mo phong Xem ket qua chay c Lap bao cao va phan tch Chay lai bai toan vi cac bien gia thiet va bien ket qua mi a Crystal Ball hien th tren man hnh Excel
7. Phan tch o nhay va Phan tch hoi qui............................................................... 70
8. Giai toan tren Excel ............................................................................................. 74
9. Mo phong Crystal Ball.......................................................................................... 82
Chng trnh Giang day Kinh te Fulbright
Bai 1. Lam quen vi bang tnh
BAI 1. LAM QUEN VI BANG TNH

Excel la g? o la mot phan mem hay la mot chng trnh ng dung, ma khi chay chng trnh ng dung nay se tao ra mot bang tnh va bang tnh nay giup ta de dang hn trong viec thc hien: Tnh toan ai so Lap bang bieu bao cao Ve o th S dung cac loai ham so trong nhieu lnh vc ng dung Va nhieu ng dung khac e giup chung ta co the phan tch nhieu loai hnh bai toan khac nhau. Mot so khai niem c ban: Workbook: Trong Excel, mot workbook la mot tap tin ma tren o ban lam viec (tnh toan, ve o th, ) va lu tr d lieu. V moi workbook co the cha nhieu sheet (bang tnh), do vay ban co the to chc, lu tr nhieu loai thong tin co lien quan vi nhau ch trong mot tap tin (file). Mot workbook cha toi a 255 worksheet hay chart sheet. Worksheet: La ni lu tr va lam viec vi d lieu, no con c goi la bang tnh. Mot worksheet cha nhieu o (cell), cac o c to chc thanh cac cot va cac dong. Worksheet c cha trong workbook. Mot Worksheet cha c 256 cot va 65536 dong. Chart sheet: La mot sheet trong workbook, no ch cha mot o th. Mot chart sheet rat hu ch khi ban muon xem rieng le tng o th. Sheet tabs: Ten cua cac sheet se the hien tren cac ngan (tab) at tai goc trai di cua ca so workbook. e di chuyen t sheet nay sang sheet khac ta ch viec nhap vao ten sheet can en trong thanh sheet tab.
1. M Excel, ong Excel, phong to, thu nho ca so 1.1. M Excel Thao tac: B1. T man hnh (ca so) chnh cua Window nhap chuot nut Start goc ben di ben tay trai B2. Di chuyen chuot len tren en ch Programs, roi di chuyen chuot sang phai, sau o di chuyen chuot xuong di en ch Microsoft Excel th dng lai B3. Nhap chuot vao bieu tng . Giao dien cua Excel nh hnh sau
Canh Thac/ Thanh Thai/ Thanh Phong
Microsoft Excel 2000
Hnh 1. Giao dien Microsoft Excel 1.2. Thu nho ca so Excel Thao tac: B1: Nhap chuot chuot vao nut tren cung ben tay phai Khi o ca so Excel se c thu gon lai thanh mot bieu tng tren thanh Start 1.3. Phong to ca so Thao tac: Lu y: thao tac nay ch thc hien c khi ca so ang b thu nho B1: Nhap chuot vao bieu tng thu gon cua Excel tren thanh Start ben pha di man hnh 1.4. Thoat khoi Excel: Thao tac: B1: Nhap chuot vao nut hang tren cung, goc ben tay phai
Restore Close
Minimize
2. Thanh thc n (Menu bar)
Khai niem: Thanh menu hay con goi la thanh thc n. Hay hnh dung khi chung ta m Excel cung giong nh chung ta nhap vao mot ban tiec. Trong ban tiec co nhieu mon la th trong Excel cung co nhieu thao tac, nhieu tro hap dan. e thng thc cac tro hap dan nay chung ta phai co thanh thc n e xem va sau o goi ra thng thc.
Hnh 2. Thanh thc n Trong suot khoa hoc, chung ta se t t goi tng mon co trong thanh thc n ra e thng thc. Hy vong en cuoi khoa hoc cac Anh/Ch se thng thc hau het cac mon co trong thc n. 3. Cac thanh cong cu 3.1 Thanh cac cong cu thong dung (standard bar) Khai niem: Thanh cac cong cu thong dung la mot hang cha cac bieu tng, nh bieu tng tao tap tin mi, bieu tng m tap tin, lu tap tin, in an, xem trc khi in va nhieu bieu tng khac.
Lu y: Khi ta a chuot ch vao cac bieu tng, th tren bieu tng se hien len ch, bao cho chung ta biet cong cu ma ta ang muon s dung la g. Khi muon s dung cong cu o th nhap chuot vao mot cai. 3.2. Thanh nh dang (Formatting bar) Khai niem: Thanh nh dang la mot hang cha cac bieu tng, nh bieu tng e chnh loai font, bieu tng chnh kch thc font, in ch am, in ch nghien va nhieu bieu tng khac.
Hnh 3. Thanh cac cong cu thong dung (Stardard bar)
Hnh 4. Thanh nh dang (Formatting bar) Lu y: Khi ta a chuot ch vao cac bieu tng, th tren bieu tng se hien len ch, bao cho chung ta biet nh dang ma ta ang muon s dung la g. Khi muon s dung nh dang o th nhap chuot vao mot cai. 3.3. Thanh cuon doc, thanh cuon ngang Khai niem: Thanh cuon doc va thanh cuon ngang c goi chung la cac thanh cuon (scroll
Canh Thac/ Thanh Thai/ Thanh Phong 3 Microsoft Excel 2000
bars). Bi v man hnh Excel ch co the hien th (cho xem) mot phan cua van ban ang soan thao, nen ta phai dung thanh cuon doc e xem phan ben tren hay ben di van ban con ta dung thanh cuon ngang e xem phan ben trai hay ben phai cua van ban. Nhan dang: Thanh cuon doc la thanh dai nhat, nam doc ben le phai; hai au co hai mui ten len va mui ten xuong; gia co o vuong e cuon man hnh len xuong. Thanh cuon ngang la thanh nam ngang, th hai t di man hnh em len. Co hnh dang giong thanh cuon doc, ch khac la nam ngang.
Hnh 5. Thanh cuon ngang Thao tac: Nhap vao mui ten sang trai e cuon man hnh i sang trai. Nhap vao mui ten sang phai e cuon man hnh sang phai. 3.4. Thanh Sheet tab Hnh 6. Thanh sheet tab
Thao tac: Di chuyen qua lai gia cac worksheet. Nhap chuot len ten cua sheet tren sheet tab (Ctrl + PgUp hoac PgDown) oi ten worksheet Nhap phai chuot len ten sheet can oi ten sheet tab, chon rename, go ten mi vao, xong nhan phm Enter. Sap xep th t cac worksheet Nhap trai chuot len ten sheet can sap xep va gi chuot keo en v tr mi va tha chuot. Chen them worksheet mi vao workbook Vao thc n Insert, chon worksheet Sao chep worksheet Nhap phai chuot len sheet, chon move or copy anh dau chon vao hop Creat a copy, xong nhap nut OK. Xoa mot worksheet Nhap phai chuot len ten sheet can xoa, chon Delete, nhap OK e xoa. 4 Them bt, m rong hang, cot, xac nh o trong bang tnh 4.1 Chnh o rong hang cot: Khai niem: Excel la mot bang tnh vi cac cot c anh so bang ch A,B,C,D .v.v..va cac hang c anh so 1,2,3,4,.v.v..Nh vay vi mot v tr cot cho trc va mot v tr hang cho trc ta co the xac nh chnh xac mot o tren bang tnh Excel.
Thao tac: e m rong hang hay cot, ta thc hien: B1: a chuot en v tr vach en la vach ngan gia hai cot hay hang. B2: Nhap va gi chuot (khong tha chuot ra). B3: Dch chuyen chuot sang phai e m rong hoat sang trai e e thu nho cot lai. B4: Tha chuot ra. 4.2 Them bt so hang hay so cot Thao tac: Vd1: Them mot cot D trc cot D: B1: a chuot len o co ch D (nam tren thanh chnh o rong cot). B2: Nhap chuot phai1 vao cot D (nh nhap chuot trung ngay o co ch D), khi o mot bang se hien ra. B3: Nhap chuot vao ch Insert2 . Vd2: Trong trng hp muon them nhieu cot trc cot D th: B1: a chuot vao o co ch D. B2: Nhap va gi chuot, roi keo sang ngang. B3: Nhap chuot phai. B4: Nhap vao ch Insert. Lu y: trong trng hp ta muon xoa mot cot th thao tac hoan toan tng t cho cac bc 1 va bc 2, tuy nhien trong bc 3 th thay v nhap chuot vao ch Insert th ta nhap chuot vao ch Delete.
1 2
Chuot co hai phan: ben trai va ben phai. Khi ta nhan phan ben phai la click chuot phai. Insert: tieng Viet ngha la chen vao, them vao. 5 Microsoft Excel 2000
Bai 2. Thao tac cho bang tnh mi
BAI 2. THAO TAC CHO BANG TNH MI

1. Nhap d lieu Nhap d lieu Mot o trong Excel co the la d lieu tho c go vao hay mot cong thc lien ket tnh toan hay la mot ham. Sau ay chung ta se lam quen vi cach nhap d lieu tho va cach nhap cong thc vao mot o. Nhap d lieu tho Thao tac: B1. Nhap chuot vao o ma Anh/ Ch muon nhap d lieu vao. B2. anh vao d lieu; co the la so hoac ch. B3. Go vao phm Enter e ket thuc viec nhap d lieu. Nhap cong thc V du: Anh / Ch muon o B2 se co cong thc bang o A2, khi o Thao tac: B1. Nhap chuot vao o ma Anh/ Ch muon nhap cong thc (o B2) B2. anh vao dau bang "=". B3. Nhap chuot vao o ang muon lien ket cong thc tnh toan (o A2) B4. Go vao phm Enter e ket thuc viec nhap cong thc.
Sao chep d lieu cho mot day cac o lien nhau: Thao tac: B1. Nhap chuot vao o muon sao chep d lieu. B2. a chuot en goc di ben tay phai o ang can sao chep d lieu cho cac o khac. Khi o, mot dau thap mau en am (fill handle) se hien len.
Microsoft Excel 97/2000
B3. Nhap va gi chuot. B4. Keo chuot xuong pha di neu muon sao chep d lieu xuong di hay sang phai neu muon sao chep d lieu sang phai. B5. Tha chuot ra e ket thuc viec sao chep d lieu cho cac o lien nhau.
Nhap vao mot chuoi so lien tiep Thao tac: B1. anh so 1 vao o au tien. B2. Go phm Enter. B3. Nhap phm trai chuot vao o va nhap con so 1. B4. a chuot en goc di ben tay phai o ang can sao chep d lieu Khi o, mot dau thap mau en am se hien len. B5. Nhap va gi phm phai chuot. B6. Keo chuot xuong pha di neu muon nhap chuoi so xuong di hay sang phai neu muon nhap chuoi so sang phai. B7. Tha chuot ra, khi o mot bang se hien len. B8. Nhap chuot vao Fill Series, khi o mot chuoi so lien nhau se hien ra.
2. Sa d lieu Chung ta co the sa oi gia tr nam ben trong cua o hay cong thc bang cach sa oi o o tren thanh cong thc hoac ngay tai v tr o o.
Chung ta cung co the nhan phm F2 e sa oi d lieu. e sa oi noi dung ben trong cua mot o, chung ta nhan phm F2, dung cac phm di chuyen qua trai, qua phai e di chuyen thanh nhap nhay en cho can sa oi va dung phm Delete e xoa ky t pha sau hay BackSpace e pha ky t pha trc thanh nhay. 3. S dung thanh cong cu chuan (Standard bar)
New Workbook
Format Painter
Print Preview
Spelling
Redo
Open
Undo
Copy
Print
Save
Past
Cut
Nu t m danh
Sort Descending
Insert Hyperlink
Function Wizard
New workbook
: Dung e m mot tap tin mi.
Office Assistant
Sort Ascending
Chart Wizard
Web Toolbar
AutoSum
Drawing
Zoom
Map
Tap tin la g? La mot loai van ban, trong may tnh co rat nhieu loai van ban, moi mot loai van ban c tao ra t mot phan mem khac nhau. Trong Microsoft Excel: mot tap tin la van ban dang bang tnh, co the anh ch, anh so, tnh toan, ve o th va nhieu ng dung khac. Thao tac: Dung mouse nhap phm trai chuot vao nut New workbook th Excel se tao ra mot tap tin mi. Open : Nut nay co chc nang la m mot tap tin a co san tren a
Thao tac: Gia s neu ta muon m mot tap tin mang ten la Sales.xls trong o a C, theo ng dan C:\My Documents\Bai tap 3.xls ta lam nh sau: B1: Nhap phm trai cua chuot vao nut Open, th mot hop hoi thoai xuat hien nh sau:
Click va o a y e tm n i ch a ta p
Te n ta p
Danh sa ch ca c loa i ta p
B2: Chon o a C bang cach nhap phm trai chuot vao nut cua hop danh sach Look in, chung ta thay danh sach cac o a. Hay chon o a C. B3: Nhap kep chuot vao , e tr ve th muc goc. B4: Nhap kep chuot vao My Documents e vao th muc nay.
Ta thay xuat hien tap tin Bai tap 3.xls. (co the chung ta phai dung thanh cuon e tm tap tin nay) B5: Nhap chuot 2 lan vao tap tin ps8.xls th tap tin nay c m ra. Save : Lu tap tin.
Thao tac: Gia s ta tao xong mot bang tnh va ta muon lu bang tnh nay thanh mot tap tin co ten la Bai tap 5.xls theo ng dan C:\My Documents\ ta lam nh sau: B1: Nhap phm trai chuot vao nut Save th mot hop hoi thoai Save As xuat hien nh hnh di ay.
B2: Nhap chuot vao cua hop Look in e chon o a C B2: Nhap kep chuot vao e tr ve th muc goc. B3: Nhap kep chuot vao My Documents e vao th muc nay. B4: anh vao ch Bai tap 5 trong hop File Name, roi nhap phm trai chuot vao nut Save. Lu y: Chung ta khong can anh Bai tap 5.xls ma ch anh Bai tap 5 vao hop File Name thoi v Excel mac nh la t ong them phan m rong .XLS cho chung ta. Print hanh. : e in tat ca noi dung ben trong cua Sheet (bang tnh) hien
V du Sheet5 cua chung ta co 10 trang va chung ta ang nhn thay noi dung ben trong cua Sheet5 (ngha la Sheet5 ang la Sheet hien hanh) th khi nhap phm trai chuot va nut Print th chng trnh Excel se chuyen len may in la 10 trang in. (xem them phan in ban tnh bai 6)
Canh Thac/ Thanh Thai/ Thanh Phong 10 Microsoft Excel 97/2000
Print Preview : e nhn thay trang in cua chung ta trc khi in. Neu trang in ma ta nhn thay tren man hnh Print Preview khong ung nh mong muon cua chung ta th chung ta kp thi chnh sa. Thao tac nay rat quan trong, cho nen chung ta phai Print Preview trc khi in v no giup cho ta tranh khoi s lang ph giay in, mc in, thi gian (bao gom thi gian cua chung ta va cua nhng ngi in tren cung may in cua chung ta).
Xin xem chi tiet hn phan chuan b trc khi in bai hoc 6. Spelling : Kiem tra chnh ta (Theo t ien tieng Anh).
Cho phep chung ta kiem tra loi chnh ta tieng Anh cua noi dung cua mot Sheet hien hanh hay ch mot mot phan nao o cua Sheet hien hanh. Thao tac: V du, chung ta muon kiem tra va sa loi chnh ta cua day o B1:C12 nh hnh di ay.
B1: Chon vung B1:C12 B2: Nhap phm trai chuot vao nut Spelling, th hoi thoai spelling xuat hien.
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B3: Nhap phm trai chuot vao nut Change e Spelling thay t Yearr o B3 thanh ch Year cho chung ta va tiep theo nhap chuot vao nut change e thay t Revanus thanh t Revanues. Xong mot hop hoi thoai xuat hien thong bao cho chung ta rang spelling a kiem tra hoan tat loi chnh ta. B4: Nhap phm trai chuot vao nut OK e ong hop hoi thoai lai va tiep tuc cong viec tiep theo cua chung ta. Cut : Cat i (luon s dung kem vi dan)
Nut nay dung e cat i mot phan noi dung ben trong cua mot o hay ca mot o hay day cac o (cac o o phai lien nhau va tao thanh hnh ch nhat) e dan ti mot ni khac tren bang tnh, ieu nay khac vi chc nang xoa lam mat han mot noi dung ma Anh/ Ch a muon xoa. Thao tac: Gia s, chung ta cat day o B3:C6 va dan no F3:G3
B1: Chon khoi B3:C6 B2: Nhap phm trai chuot vao nut Cut th mot khung vien bang net gach t chay quanh khoi nay cho chung ta biet la khoi nay ang san san ch chung ta dan khoi nay en v tr khac. B3: Nhap phm trai chuot vao o F3, Nhap phm trai chuot vao nut Paste e dan chung F3:G6 Ghi chu: Sau khi dan khoi o en v tr F3 th khoi o B3:C6 la nhng o trong. Copy : Sao chep d lieu.
D lieu co the la mot phan noi dung ben trong mot o, noi dung ca o, hay nhieu khoi o (cac khoi o nay co the nam gan nhau hay xa nhau), mot o th hay mot oi tng c tao ra t thanh cong cu ve - Drawing Tools. Thao tac: Gia s can sao chep khoi o B3:C6 ti khoi o F3:G6 B1: Chon khoi B3:C6 (ni sao chep)
Canh Thac/ Thanh Thai/ Thanh Phong 12 Microsoft Excel 97/2000
B2: Nhap phm trai chuot vao nut Copy (thi hanh lenh sao chep) B4: Nhap phm trai chuot vao F3 (ni en) B5: Nhap phm trai chuot vao nut Past. Nh vay, chung ta a sao chep xong va nhn thay nh hnh tren. Ghi chu: Chung ta co the sao chep en nhieu v tr khac nhau tren cung mot tap tin hay tren mot tap tin nao khac. Past : Dan phan d lieu ma ta va mi ra lenh sao chep.
Thao tac: Xin xem phan thao tac cua nut Copy. Chu y: Khi can dan d lieu la khoi o co cong thc th xem them phan tm hieu ve lenh dan cong thc va phng phap dan ac biet. Format Painter : Sao chep nh dang.
Sao chep nhanh nh dang cua mot o hay mot khoi o hay mot oi tng c tao ra t thanh cong cu Drawing va ap dung dang thc cua no cho o hay cac khoi o khac hay oi tng ve khac. Thao tac: Gia s chung ta can sao chep nh dang cua o "Qtr1" co nen xam va ap dung cho cac o cot ben trai, xem hnh di ay.
B1: Chon o hay khoi o co cha nh dang ma chung ta muon sao chep. B2: Nhap phm trai chuot vao nut Format Painter B3: Con tro chuot luc nay co them hnh cay co sn ben canh. Hay chon day o ma ta muon dan. nh dang cua khoi o a c dan. Chu y: Neu ta muon ap dung nh dang nhieu lan cho mot lan sao chep nh dang th sau khi chon khoi o ma ta can sao chep nh dang, ta hay Nhap kep phm trai chuot vao nut Format Painter, roi lan lt chon nhng khoi o ta can ap dung nh dang en khi nao xong, hay nhap phm trai chuot vao nut Format Painter.
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Undo
: Tra lai thao tac hay lenh va mi thc hien.
V du, chung ta va mi thc hien lenh xoa mot khoi o xong, bay gi chung ta lai muon la lay lai d lieu cua khoi o o th hay nhap phm trai chuot vao nut Undo. Redo : Thc hien lai cac thao tac cua lenh Undo
V du, chieu rong cua cot A la 10 n v ta thay oi chieu rong cot A con 5 n v, sau o thc hien lenh Undo, luc nay cot A co chieu rong la 10 n v. Neu chung ta muon bo lenh Undo trc th nhap phm trai chuot vao nut Redo. Luc nay, cot A co chieu rong la 5 n v. AutoSum : T ong tnh tong.
Lenh nay se t ong tnh tong cua cac o co so lieu lien tiep pha tren o hien hanh (o ma ang c chon) hoac la tong cua cac o ben trai cua o hien hanh (ngay hang cua o hien hanh). Thao tac: Gia s chung ta can tnh tong cua cac o E5:E8 va ket qua at o E9 nh hnh minh hoa di ay. B1: Nhap chuot vao E9 (o hien hanh) B2: Nhap chuot vao nut AutoSum, th thay trong o E9 co cong thc =SUM(C9:D9), ngha la Excel t ong chon day e tnh tong la C9:D9, nhng chung ta can tnh tong cot thang 3, v vay ta dung mouse e chon lai khoi t E5:E8, roi nhan phm Enter e nhan c ket qua.
Ghi chu: Thc te, trong trng hp tren th Excel t ong chon khoi e tnh tong la E5:E8, v theo mac nh Excel se chon khoi so lieu lien tiep theo hang cua o hien hanh hay cot cua o hien hanh co so o ln nhat. tren ch la v dung minh hoa e cho thay co trng hp lenh AutoSum oan sai y nh tnh tnh tong cua khoi o ma chung ta mong nuon th chung ta co the chon lai.
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Past Function
: at mot ham tnh toan vao o hien hanh.
Ghi chu: Xin xem chi tiet hn trong phan S dung ham trong bang tnh Sort Ascending : Sap xep d lieu bo tr dang bang theo thc t tang dan (Theo Alphabet, theo so, theo thi gian). Sort Descending : Cung nh Sort Ascending, nhng sap xep d lieu theo th t giam dan. Chart Wizard : Hng dan tng bc cho chung ta ve o th. Xin xem chi tiet hn phan Ve o th tren bang tnh. Drawing : Goi thanh cong cu ve cho hien len.
Zoom Control : Phong to thu nho. Dung e ieu khien che o phong to thu nho cua cua sheet hien hanh. Chung ta thng dung cong cu nay e phong to man hnh bang tnh xem d lieu cho ro hn va thu nho man hnh bang tnh vi muc ch la de quan sat mot vung ln d lieu nham thuan tien cho viec chon khoi. Zoom Control gom co 2 phan, phan khung ben trai la so phan tram quan sat man hnh con nut ben phai la nut e m danh sach chon la cac so phan tram quan sat man hnh. Office Assistant : Dung e tra li cau hoi, ch dan theo yeu cau, va tr giup ve nhng at iem cua chng trnh Office theo yeu cau.
15
4. S dung thanh cong cu nh dang (Formatting Bar) Thanh cong cu nh hnh tren la thanh cong cu nh dang, no bao gom cac nut nhan (buttons), moi nut nhan se mang mot chc nang thc thi rieng. V du, chung ta can chon kieu ch (Font) cho mot oan van ban nao o th nhap phm trai chuot vao nut Font e chon la kieu ch ma chung ta muon. Sau ay se mo ta chi tiet hn ve chc nang cua thanh cong cu nay. Ghi chu: e biet c ten cua mot nut nao o tren thanh cong cu, chung ta a con tro chuot en nut o th ben canh con tro chuot xuat hien mot khung cha ten cua nut o.
Center Across Columns Merge and Center
Decrease Decimal
Increase Decimal
Decrease Indent
Increase Indent
Curency Style
Comma Style
Percent Style
Chu y: Khi muon nh dang phan nao trong bang tnh th phai chon phan o trc roi sau o mi dung thanh cong cu Formatting. Font : e nh dang kieu ch cho mot oan van ban.
Thao tac: V du ta can nh dang mot day cac o C2:F2 la kieu ch Vni-Times va cac ch trong o la nghieng, am en, Gach di va canh gia (noi dung ben trong cua o nan v tr gia o). anh vao va nh dang sao cho ch REPORT nam gia C1:F1 va ch nay co c ch la 12.
16
Font Color
Fill Color
Boders
Align Right
Underline
Font Size
Align Left
Center
Italic
Bold
B1: Chon khoi C2:F2 B2: Nhap phm trai chuot vao nut m danh sac cac Font ch , roi chon kieu Vni-Times. B3: Nhap phm trai chuot vao nut Bold (nh dang ch am) B4: Nhap phm trai chuot vao nut Italic (nh dang ch nghieng) B5: Nhap phm trai chuot vao nut Underline (nh dang ch co gach di) B6: Nhap phm trai chuot vao nut Center (canh gia) B7: Nhap phm trai chuot vao C2 B8: Nhap phm trai chuot vao nut m danh sach kch c cua ch (Size) chon 12. B9: anh vao o C2 ch REPORT roi Enter. (ch phai c at cot au tien C2 cua khoi C2:F2) B10: Chon khoi o C2:F1 va nhap chuot vao nut Center Across Columns. Ket qua chung ta co c nh dang cuoi cung nh hnh sau. , va
Ghi chu: Ta co the nh dang mot phan noi dung ben trong cua mot o (cell). Nh vay, trong mot o co the co nhieu kieu nh dang khac nhau cua cac phan noi dung ben trong. T v du tren, ro rang la chung ta a nam bat c chc nang cua khung Font Size, cac nut Bold, Italic, Underline, Align Left, Align Right, Center va nut Center Across Columns. Tiep theo chung ta th xet mot v du sau e hieu c cac chc nang con lai cua thanh cong cu Formatting. Gia s, chung ta can nh dang lai mot bang ben di ay.
17
Thao tac: B1: Chon vung C5:D8, nhap chuot vao nut Comma Style.
(e nh dang phan cach theo so ngan). Chung ta thay cac so trong cac o va mi nh dang co d 2 so le. B2: Nhap phm trai chuot vao nut Dollar Sign e cho cac so trong cac o nay co them dau $, Nhap phm trai chuot vao nut Decrease decimal 2 lan e bo 2 so le. Xin xem hnh minh hoa di ay.
B3: Chon vung E5:E8, Nhap phm trai chuot vao nut Percent Style e cho cac so trong cac o nay co them dau %. Nhap phm trai chuot vao vao nut Increase Decimal 1 lan e tang them 1 so le cua cac so trong vung nay. Xin xem hnh minh hoa di ay.
B4: Chon vung C5:E8, Nhap phm trai chuot vao nut m hop Borders cha cac nh dang cua khung, Nhap phm trai chuot chon e ong khung net am bao quanh vung C5:E8.
18
B5: Chon vung B4:C8 va C4:E4 (bang cach chon trc vung B5:C8 roi nhan gi phm Ctrl roi quet chon tiep vung C4:E4, sau o tha phm Ctrl ra) Nhap phm trai chuot vao nut m hop Borders roi Nhap phm trai chuot chon e ong khung net manh xung quanh moi o cua 2 vung a chon tren. B6: Nhap phm trai chuot chon o B4, Nhap phm trai chuot vao nut m hop Color va chon mau xam am e to nen o B4. B7: Nhap phm trai chuot vao nut m hop Font Color va chon mau trang e ch trong o B4 thanh mau trang. Cuoi cung ta co ket qua nh hnh di ay.
Nha p chuo t va o nu t na y e m
19
Bai 3. Thc hien cac phep tnh va Thao tac ong khoi di di
BAI 3. THC HIEN CAC PHEP TNH VA THAO TAC ONG KHOI DI DI
1. Cac phep tnh can ban: Trong phan nay chung ta se lam quen vi cac thao tac tnh toan trong bang tnh bao gom cac phep toan cong, tr, nhan, chia va luy tha. Cac toan t nay c ky hieu theo bang 3.1:
Toan t Cong Tr Nhan Chia Luy tha Can bac n
K hieu + * / ^ ^(1/n)
BANG 3.1
Th du 16+2 = 18 16 2 = 14 16*2 = 32 16/2 = 8 16^2 = 256 16^(1/2) = 4
Bai tap tai cho1: Cho hai toan hang 1 va toan hang 2 nh hnh ve; hay thc hien cac phep tnh toan cho cac o con lai cua BANG 3.2: A 1 2 3 4 B
Toan hang 1 16
C
Toan hang 2 2
D
Tong
E
Hieu
F
Tch
G
Thng
H
Luy tha
I
Can
BANG 3.2
Thao tac Cho phep tnh cong: B1: Nhap chuot vao o D3 B2: anh vao dau =
20
B3: Nhap chuot vao o B3 B4: anh vao dau + B5: Nhap chuot vao o C3 B6: Go phm Enter e hoan tat viec tnh toan. Tng t cac Anh/Ch thc hien cho cac phep tnh con lai, lu y trong bc 4 (anh vao dau +) bai giai mau toan t se c thay oi tuy theo tng bai tnh.
Bai tap tai cho 2:

Cho hai toan hang 1 va toan hang 2 nh hnh ve; hay thc hien cac phep tnh toan cho cac o con lai cua BANG 3.3 va t mnh ngh ra them mot vai phep tnh.
A 1 2 3 4
B
Toan hang 1 16
C
Toan hang 2 2
D
162 +2
E
(16+2)2
F
(16-2)*2
G
(16+2)*16 -2
H
..
BANG 3.3
Thao tac Cho phep tnh 162 + 2 = B32 + C3: B1: Nhap chuot vao o D3 B2: anh vao dau = B3: Nhap chuot vao o B3 B4: anh vao dau ^ B5: anh vao so 2 B6: anh vao dau + B7: Nhap chuot vao o C3 B8: Go phm Enter e hoan tat viec tnh toan. Cac Anh/Ch t giai bai tap 2 con lai nay.
21
2. Sao chep cong thc: Bai tap tai cho 3: Gia s Anh/Ch kinh doanh 4 mat hang: - Ao s mi - Quan tay - Non - Giay Hay tnh doanh thu cho 4 mat hang tren da vao BANG 3.4 A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 B
Mat hang Ao Polo Quan Docker Non Levis Giay Rebox
C
n gia (USD/cai) 40 50 15 60
D
So lng (Cai) 15 13 15 9 Tong cong
E
Doanh thu (USD) =C3 * D3
BANG 3.4
Thao tac: B1: Thc hien phep tnh nhan cho hai o C3 va D3 va cho ap so o E3 nh Bang 3.4 B2: Anh/Ch thc hien copy cong thc cho cac o E4, E5 va E6 bang cach a chuot en goc pha di ben tay phai cua o E3, khi o dau thap en hien len. B3: Click va gi chuot (khong tha chuot ra) B4: Keo chuot xuong pha di en o E6 th ngng lai. B5: Tha chuot ra; luc nay cac o doanh thu cho cac mat hang a co. B6: Tnh tong doanh thu bang cach nhap chuot vao o E7. B7: Click vao bieu tng AutoSum nam tren thanh cac cong cu thong dung (Standard Bar). B8: Go phm Enter e hien ra ap so. Lu y: Hay t kiem tra cac cong thc cua cac o E4, E5, E6 va E7.
22
3. ong khung mot khoi d lieu Thao tac: B1: anh khoi toan bo khoi d lieu can ong khung bang cach: - Click va gi chuot, sau o keo sang ngang roi keo xuong di toan bo khoi d lieu can ong khung. - Tha chuot ra. B2: Click vao mui ten xuong cua bieu tng Borders tren thanh nh dang e hien len mot bang cho ta la chon cac kieu ong khung. B3: Nhap chuot vao kieu ong khung ma Anh/Ch muon e hoan tat viec ong khung cho khoi d lieu chung ta va chon.
4. Dch chuyen khoi d lieu Thao tac: B1: anh khoi toan bo khoi d lieu ma Anh/Ch muon dch chuyen. B2: a chuot en vien cua khoi d lieu cho en khi dau thap trang bien thanh mui ten trang. B3: Click vao gi chuot, keo en v tr mi ma Anh/Ch muon at khoi d lieu. B4: Tha chuot ra.
23
5. Chen mot khoi d lieu vao gi hai khoi d lieu cho trc
Bai tap tai cho 4: Cho mot bang nh BANG 3.5; hay dch chuyen cot d lieu "Gia cau 2" sang v tr gia "Gia cau 1" va "Gia cung".
A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
B
Lng 2 4 6 8 10 12
C
Gia cau 1 23 21 19 17 15 13
D
Gia cung 3 6 9 12 15 18
E
Gia cau 2 18 16 14 12 10 8
BANG 3.5
Thao tac: B1: anh dau khoi cot d lieu "Gia cau 2" B2: Dch chuyen khoi d lieu "Gia cau 2" en v tr gia "Gia cau 1" va "Gia cung" bang cach: - a chuot en vien cua khoi d lieu, cho hien len mui ten trang - Click va gi chuot, sau o keo sang v tr gia cot C va D, trung ngay ng phan cach hai cot cang tot. B3: Bam phm Shift B4: Tha chuot ra.
24
Bai 4. S dung ham trong bang tnh
BAI 4. S DUNG HAM TRONG BANG TNH

1. Nhom ham thong ke Trong so hn 70 ham thong ke, xin thu that rang chung toi khong phai la ngi lam thong ke chuyen nghiep nen ch biet s dung vai ham n gian. Hy vong rang vi cac ham n gian nay Anh/Ch se lam quen dan vi cach s dung ham trong bang tnh Excel. Trong suot qua trnh khoa hoc, chung toi se thao luan them vi cac Thay e bo xung mot cach tng oi ay u cac ham thong ke cho cac Anh/Ch. Bang ben di ay la mot so ham thong dung:
TT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 TEN
AVERAGE()
Y NGHA CU PHAP TH DU
Tr trung bnh =AVERAGE(number1,number2, ) =AVERAGE(5,3,4,8,5,6) He so tng quan gia hai chuoi so lieu =CORREL(array1,array2) =CORREL({1,3,5,7,9},{2,4,6,8,10}) em so lng cac o co gia tr =COUNT(value1,value2) =COUNT(B2:B35) ong phng sai, trung bnh cua tch cac cap sai lech. =COVAR(array1,array2) =COVAR({2,3,1,4,1,3},{5,1,2,4,3,1}) em so lan gap cua mot mang con trong mang ln =FREQUENCY(data_array,bins_array) =FREQUENCY({4,5,6,7,8,9},{5}) Tung o goc cua mot ng hoi qui tuyen tnh =INTERCEPT(Known_ys,known_xs) =INTERCEPT(({2,3,1,4,1,3},{5,1,2,4,3,1}) Gia tr ln nhat cua mot mang d lieu =MAX(number1,number2, ..) =MAX(1,3,9,6,8,3) Gia tr tai o chuoi so lieu c chia oi sau khi sap xep (sorted). =MEDIAN(number1,number2, ..) =MEDIAN(1,3,9,6,8) =MEDIAN(1,3,9,6,8,3) Gia tr nho nhat cua mot mang d lieu =MIN(number1,number2, ..) =MIN(1,3,9,6,8) So yeu v; la so co so lan lap lai nhieu nhat =MODE(number1,number2, ..) =MODE(1,3,9,6,8,3)
KET QUA
5.167
CORREL()
COUNT()
16 (con tuy)
COVAR()
-3.70074E-17
FREQUENCY()
INTERCEPT()
2.5
MAX()
MEDIAN()
6 4.5
9 10
MIN()
MODE()
Canh Thac/ Thanh Thai
25
11 12
NORMDIST()
NORMSDIST()
13
NORMINV()
Phan phoi tch luy chuan =NORMDIST(x,mean,standard_dev,cumulative) =NORMDIST(42,40,1.5,TRUE) Phan phoi tch luy chuan chuan hoa =NORMSDIST(z) =NORMSDIST(1) =NORMSDIST(2) =NORMSDIST(3) Tra ve gia tr x trong phan phoi chuan tch luy = NORMINV(probability,mean,standard_dev) =NORMINV(0.99865,1,1) Th hang (t ln en nho) cua mot gia tr =RANK(number,ref,order) =RANK(B6,B3:B9,0) =RANK(B6,B3:B9,1) He so goc cua mot ng hoi qui tuyen tnh =SLOPE(known_ys,known_xs) =SLOPE({3,5,4,6,7},{1,3,5,6,5}) c tnh o lech chuan cua mot mau =STDEV(number1,number2, ..) =STDEV(4,3,12,6,8,9,11) c tnh o lech chuan cua mot tong the =STDEVP(number1,number2, ..) =STDEVP(4,3,12,6,8,9,11) c tnh phng sai cua mot mau =VAR(number1,number2, ..) =VAR(4,3,12,6,8,9,11) c tnh phng sai cua mot tong the =VARP(number1,number2, ..) =VARP(4,3,12,6,8,9,11)
0.908788
0.841345 0.97725 0.99865
4.000023
14
RANK()
3 4
15 16 17 18
SLOPE()
.05625
STDEV()
3.408672
STDEVP()
3.155817
VAR()
11.61905
19
VARP()
9.959184
Bai tap tai cho 1: Cho mot cot so lieu nh BANG 4.1 t B3:B9 A
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
So lieu 3 5 9 5 4 6 2 Hay Tnh Average Max Min Mode Median Stdev Var Varp
BANG 4.1 : S dung ham thong ke

Canh Thac/ Thanh Thai 26 Microsoft Excel 2000
Thao tac tnh gia tr trung bnh: B1: Chon o hien th ap so; v du o F2, nh vay thao tac la nhap chuot vao o F2. B2: a chuot len thanh cac bieu tng thong dung (Standard bar) va nhap chuot vao bieu tng Paste Function Luc nay tren man hnh hien len mot ca so nh HNH 4.1, co hai khung trang: ben trai cho phep Anh/Ch chon loai ham, ben phai cho chon ten ham
HNH 4.1: Ca so cho chon ham
B3: hop thoaiben trai, nhap chuot vao Statistical e chon loai ham thong ke. B4: hop thoai ben tay phai, nhap chuot vao ch AVERAGE e chon ham tnh gia tr trung bnh. B5: Nhap chuot vao nut OK, Sau khi nhap chuot vao ch OK, mot ca so khac hien
len, bat Anh/Ch nhap vao chuoi e tnh gia tr trung bnh.
B6: anh dau khoi t o B3 en o B9 trong khung trang Number1 B7: Nhap chuot vao nut OK, hoan tat viec tnh gia tr trung bnh mot chuoi so. Tng t , Anh/Ch hay tnh toan cho cac ham con lai. Lu y: Trong trng hp ham co nhieu thong so th cac thong so c nhap vao ham phai ung theo th t . Neu ca so hien len che mat chuoi dong ngan lu, chung ta co the dch chuyen ca so i bang thao tac: nhap va gi chuot vao mot v tr bat ky tren ca so, roi dch chuyen chuot sang mot v tr khac.
27
2. Cac ham tai chanh Trong so 15 ham tai chanh, xin thu that rang toi khong phai la nha phan tch tai chanh chuyen nghiep nen toi ch biet s dung vai ham n gian. Hy vong rang vi cac ham n gian nay Anh/Ch se lam quen dan vi cach s dung ham tai chanh trong bang tnh Excel. Trong suot qua trnh khoa hoc, toi se thao luan them vi cac Thay e bo xung mot cach tng oi ay u cac ham tai chanh cho cac Anh/Ch. Bang ben di ay la mot so ham tai chanh thong dung:
TT 1 2 TEN
DDB()
Y NGHA CU PHAP TH DU
Khau hao vi ket so giam nhanh kep =DDB(cost,salvage,life,period,factor) =DDB(1000000,100000,6,1) Gia tr tng lai cua tien au t =FV(rate,nper,pmt,pv,type) =FV(10%,1,,-100) =FV(10%,1,,-100,1) =FV(10%,1,-10,-100) =FV(10%,1,-10,-100,1) Noi suat thu hoi von cua mot dong ngan lu =IRR(value,guess) =IRR({-1500,400,500,700}) Gia tr hien tai thuan cua mot dong ngan lu. Ham nay dung e a dong ngan lu bat au t nam 1 tr i ve nam 0. (xem them thao tac) =NPV(rate,value1,value2, ) =NPV(10%,{400,500,700}) Chi tra nh ky mot khoan khong oi =PMT(rate,nper,pv,fv,type) =PMT(10%,3,-1500,0) =PMT(10%,3,-1500,0,1) =PMT(10%,1,-1500,0,1) Gia tr hien tai cua tien au t =PV(rate, nper,pmt,fv,type) =PV(10%,3,20,100) Lai suat (cho mot d an i vay) =RATE(nper,pmt,pv,fv,type) =RATE(1,0,100,-110) Khau hao tai san theo ng thang =SLN(cost,salvage,life) =SLN(10000,2000,10) Khau hao tai san theo ch so tong nam =SYD(cost,salvage,life,per) =SYD(10000,1000,5,1)
KET QUA
333,333
FV()
110 110 120 121
3 4
IRR()
3.0078%
NPV()
1302.78
PMT()
603.17 548.35 1500
6 7 8 9
PV()
-124.87
RATE()
10%
SLN()
800
SYD()
3000
Lu y: Tien bo ra la so am (-), tien nhan vao la so dng (+).

Canh Thac/ Thanh Thai 28 Microsoft Excel 2000
Y ngha cua cac thong so trong cac ham: DDB() FV() IRR() Rate Nper Pmt PV Type : Suat chiec khau : Tong so thi oan phai tra tnh theo hang nam : Khoan chi tra eu moi thi oan, neu bo trong la = 0 : Gia tr tien hien tai, neu bo trong la = 0 : Cach tnh cho khoan tra eu PMT, neu bo trong la = 0, ngha la chi tra eu vao cuoi nam : Cac gia tr cua dong tien : Gia tr suy oan, neu bo trong la = 0 : Suat chiec khau cho toan dong tien : Cac gia tr cua dong tien : Bo trong neu dong tien khong qua 30 thi oan : Suat chiec khau : Tong so thi oan phai tra tnh theo hang nam : Gia tr tien hien tai tien vay c : Gia tr tng lai tien vay con lai cha tra, neu bo trong la = 0, ngha la a tra het tien vay : Cach tnh cho khoan tra eu PMT, neu bo trong la = 0, ngha la chi tra eu vao cuoi nam : Suat chiec khau : Tong so thi oan phai tra tnh theo hang nam : Khoan chi tra eu moi thi oan, neu bo trong la = 0 : Gia tr tien tng lai co c : Cach tnh cho khoan tra eu PMT, neu bo trong la = 0, ngha la chi tra eu vao cuoi nam
29 Microsoft Excel 2000
Cost Salvage Life Period Factor
: Gia tr ban au : Gia tr con lai : Tuoi tho cua thiet b : So thi oan tnh khau hao : He so tnh khau hao (kep), neu bo trong la = 2
Values Guess Rate Value1 Value2, . Rate Nper PV FV
NPV()
PMT()
Type PV() Rate Nper Pmt FV Type
RATE() Nper SLN() Cost Salvage Life SYD() Cost Salvage Life Per Pmt PV FV Type
: Tong so thi oan chi tra theo nh ky hay hang nam cho d an i vay : Khoan chi tra eu moi thi oan, neu bo trong la = 0 : Gia tr tien hien tai nhan c khi vay : Gia tr tien phai tra tng lai : Cach tnh cho khoan tra eu PMT, neu bo trong la = 0, ngha la chi tra eu vao cuoi nam : Gia tr ban au cua tai san : Gia tr con lai cua tai san, neu bo trong la = 0 : So thi oan tai san c tnh khau hao : Gia tr ban au cua tai san : Gia tr con lai cua tai san, neu bo trong la = 0 : So thi oan tai san c tnh khau hao : Thi oan tnh khau hao
Bai tap tai cho 2: Hay nhap vao mot dong ngan lu nh bang 4.2. 1. Anh/Ch hay tnh gia tr hien tai thuan cua dong ngan lu vi suat chiec khau la 10% mot nam. 2. Tnh noi suat thu hoi von IRR cua dong ngan lu noi tren. A
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Nam Dong tien NPV(10%) IRR 0 -1500 1 400 2 500 3 700 4 600
BANG 4.2: Dong ngan lu
30
Thao tac tnh gia tr hien tai rong cua dong ngan lu: B1: Nhap chuot vao o C5 e chon lam o hien th ap so. B2: Nhap chuot vao bieu tng Paste Function tren thanh cac bieu tng thong dung. B3: hop thoai ben trai, chon loai ham Financial. B4: hop thoai ben phai, chon ham NPV, roi nhan phm OK. B5: khung ca so Rate, nhap vao lai suat la 10% roi nhan phm Tab. B6: Nhap vao chuoi dong tien t nam th 1 en nam th 4 bang cach: Nhap va gi chuot vao o D3 Keo sang nganh en o G3 Tha chuot ra B7: Nhap chuot vao ch OK B8: Nhap chuot vao uoi cua cong thc tren thanh cong thc (formular bar) B9: anh dau + B10: Nhap chuot vao o C3 B11: Nhan phm Enter e ket thuc bai toan. Thao tac tnh noi suat thu hoi von (IRR) cua dong ngan lu: B1: Nhap chuot vao o C6 e chon lam o hien th ap so. B2: Nhap chuot vao bieu tng Paste Function tren thanh cac bieu tng thong dung. B3: Chon ham IRR(), roi nhan chuot vao nut OK, khi o mot ca so hien ra nh hnh 4.2. B4: khung ca so Values, anh khoi toan bo dong ngan lu t o C3 en o G3. B5: Nhap chuot vao nut OK, hoan tat viec tnh noi suat thu hoi von.
Hnh 4.2: Ca so cua ham tnh IRR
31
3. Cac ham toan hoc (Math & Trig) :

TT 1. TEN HAM ABS() CONG DUNG CU PHAP TH DU Absolute value Tra ve tr tuyet oi tr so cua number = ABS (number) = ABS (5-150) = ABS (2*(-50)) Tra ve tr so nguyen gan nhat nho hn number. = INT (number) = INT (123.45) = INT (-3.2) So nguyen le nho nhat ln hn hay bang number = ODD (number) = ODD (3.7) Tra ve so d cua phep chia nguyen = MOD (number, divisor) = MOD (30,7) Tr so cua Pi = PI () Tra ve tch so cua tr trong danh sach = PRODUCT (number1, number2, ) = PRODUCT (6,5,20) Tra ve thng so cua phep chia nguyen = QUOTIENT (number, denominator) = QUOTIENT (17,5) Tra ve so ngau nhien ln hn 0 va nho hn 1 = RAND () Tra ve so ngau nhien trong khoang ch nh = RANDBETWEEN (bottom, top) = RANDBETWEEN (18,45) Lam tron en cot so le ch nh = ROUND (number, number digits) = ROUND (12345.678,2) = ROUND (12345.678,-3) Can bac 2 cua so dng = SQRT (number) = SQRT (25) Tong cac tr so trong danh sach = SUM (number1, number2, ) = SUM (5,10,15,20) Tnh tong cac o thoa ieu kien = SUMIF (range1, criteria, range2) = SUMIF (B1:B10, > 5 , B1:B10) Tnh tong cua cac tch; VD: C2*D2+C3*D3+C4*D4 =SUMPRODUCT(C2:C4,D2:D4) KET QUA
145 100
2.
INT()
123 -4
3.
ODD()
4.
MOD()
2 3.145926
5. 6.
PI() PRODUCT()
600
7.
QUOTIENT()
3 So ngau nhien So ngau nhien gia 18 va 45
8.
RAND()
9.
RANDBETWEEN()
10.
ROUND()
12345.68 12000
11.
SQRT()
25
12.
SUM()
50
13.
SUMIF()
14.
SUMPRODUCT()
32
4. Cac ham x ly chuoi (Text) :

TT 1. TEN HAM FIND() CONG DUNG CU PHAP TH DU Tra ve v tr xuat hien cua chuoi con trong chuoi ln =FIND(find-text, within-text, start-num) start-num:V tr bat au tm(mac nhien la1-au chuoi) =FIND(Excel,Microsoft Excel, 1) Cat lay ben trai cua chuoi mot so ky t = LEFT (text, num-chars) = LEFT (Tran Van Hoa, 4) Tra ve so ch chieu dai cua chuoi. = LEN (text) = LEN (Dai hoc Can Tho) oi chuoi thanh ch thng. = LOWER (Text) = LOWER (THONG TIN) Cat lay mot so ky t cua chuoi = MID (text, start-num, num-chars) = MID (Trng ai hoc Can Th,8,7 ) Viet hoa ky t au t = PROPER (text) = PROPER (tran van a) Thay mot phan trong chuoi bang chuoi khac = REPLACE (old-text, start-num, num-chars, new-text) = REPLACE (Toi hoc Quattro,9,7, Excel) Cat lay ben phai cua chuoi mot so ky t. = RIGHT (text, num-chars) = RIGHT (Tran Van Hoa,3) oi so qua chuoi theo dang ch nh. = TEXT (value, format- text) = TEXT (1234.56, ##,###.###) Cat bo cac ky t trong vo ch trong chuoi. = TRIM (text) = TRIM ( MS Excel 5.0 ) oi chuoi thanh ch hoa =UPPER(text) =UPPER(can tho) oi chuoi co dang sothanh tr so = VALUE (text) = VALUE (LEFT(1001 em co n,4)) KET QUA
11
2.
LEFT()
Tran
3.
LEN()
15
4.
LOWER()
thong tin
5.
MID()
ai hoc
6.
PROPER()
Tran Van A
7.
REPLACE()
Toi hoc Excel
8.
RIGHT()
Hoa
9.
TEXT()
1,234.56
10.
TRIM()
MS Excel 5.0
11.
UPPER()
CAN THO
12.
VALUE()
1001
33
5. Cac ham ngay & gi (Date & Time) :

TT 1. TEN HAM DATE() CONG DUNG CU PHAP TH DU oi tr gom nam, thang, ngay thanh mot ngay =DATE (year, month, day) =DATE(94, 1, 25) oi chuoi dang ngay(mm /dd /yy) thanh tr ngay thang = DATEVALUE (date_Text) = DATEVALUE ( 01/ 25/ 94) Tra ve Ngay & Gi hien hanh cua may. Khong oi so = NOW () Ngay hien hanh cua may. Khong oi so. = TODAY () Ngay trong thang cua mot bieu thc ngay = DAY (serial_Number) = DAY (DATEVALUE( 04/ 30/ 75 ) +365*20) Thang cua mot bieu thc ngay = MONTH (serial_number) = MONTH (DATEVALUE( 04/ 30/75) +365*20 ) Nam cua mot bieu thc ngay = YEAR (serial_number) = YEAR (DATEVALUE( 04/ 30/ 75 ) +365*20) Ngay trong tuan : T 1->7 : Chu nhat -> Th bay = WEEKDAY (serial_number) = WEEKDAY (DATEVALUE( 12/ 30/ 95)) KET QUA
01/25/94
2.
DATEVALUE()
3. 4. 5.
NOW() TODAY() DAY()
34359 Ngay & Gi hien hanh Ngay hien hanh
25
6.
MONTH()
7.
YEAR()
1995
8.
WEEKDAY()
6. Cac ham logic (Logical) :

TT 1. TEN HAM AND() CONG DUNG CU PHAP TH DU Cho tr TRUE (ung) neu moi oi so eu TRUE = AND (logical1 , logical2 , ..) = AND (2 >1 , 5 > 3 ,6 >= 6 ) Tr logic FALSE (sai) = FALSE () Trac nghiem ieu kien e chon mot trong 2 tr = IF (logical_test , value_if_True, value_if_False) = IF (B1 > = 0, SQRT(B1), Khong co can bac 2) Cho tr logic ngc lai vi tr logic cua oi so = NOT (logical) = NOT (4 > 5) Cho tr TRUE ung neu co mot oi so la TRUE. = OR (logical1, logical2, ) = OR (2 > 1, 3 > 5, 10 < 9) Tr logic TRUE (ung) = TRUE () KET QUA
TRUE FALSE Tuy thuoc gia tr ghi trong o B1
2. 3.
FALSE() IF()
4.
NOT()
TRUE
5.
OR()
TRUE TRUE
6.
TRUE()
34
7.Cac ham tm kiem (Lookup & Reference) :

TT 1. TEN HAM CHOOSE() CONG DUNG CU PHAP TH DU Chon th index_num trong cac tr value1, value2, = CHOOSE (index_num, value1, value2, ) = CHOOSE (3, Window, Word, Excel) So th t ben trai cua mot a ch. = COLUMN (reference) = COLUMN (B1:F10) So lng cot co trong mot khoi cells = COLUMNS (array) = COLUMNS (B1:F10) So th t hang pha tren cua mot a ch tham chieu = ROW (reference) = ROW (B5:B20) So lng hang co trong mot khoi cells = ROWS (array) = ROWS (B45:B50) Do tm lookup_value tren hang au tien cua Table_Array va tham chieu tr tng ng hang row_index_num. = HLOOKUP (Lookup_value, Table_array, Row_index_num, {range_lookup}) Range_lookup= 1 hoac True: Danh sach xep tang dan. Range_lookup= 0 hoac False: Danh sach khong can th t. = HLOOKUP (SGN, {CLN, GDH, SGN; 12,24,36} ,2) Chon mot tr trong mang thong qua ch so hang cot. = INDEX (Array, Rownum, Colnum) = INDEX ((CLN, GDH, SGN; 12,24,36),2,3) Do tm Lookup_value ben trai cua Table_Array va tham chieu tr tng ng cot Col_index_num. = VLOOKUP (Lookup_value, Table_array, Col_index_num, {range_lookup}) Range_lookup= 1 hoac True:Danh sach xep tang dan. Range_lookup= 0 hoac False: Danh sach khong can th t. = VLOOKUP (SGN, {CLN, 12, GDH, 24, SGN, 36}, 2 ) KET QUA
Excel Cot B la cot th 2 T cot B en cot F la: 5
2.
COLUMN()
3.
COLUMNS()
4.
ROW()
5.
ROWS()
6.
HLOOKUP()
36
7.
INDEX()
36
8.
VLOOKUP()
36
35
Bai 5. Ve bieu o tren bang tnh
BAI 5. VE BIEU O TREN BANG TNH (EXCEL)

1. Man hnh o th va cac thuat ng hien tren o th iem d lieu (Data point), Ten d lieu (Data label), Chuoi d lieu (Data series).
Ten d lieu
Lng cung Gia cung

Chuoi d lieu
BANG 5.1
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
4 6 8 10 12 14 16
O d lieu
Cac truc (Axis) Truc hoanh (truc X) : la truc nam ngang Truc tung (truc Y) : la truc thang ng Lu y: Trong Excel khi ve o th dang XY (Scatter) cot au tien c Excel ngam hieu la truc X; cac cot d lieu con lai se la d lieu tren truc Y. Neu chuoi d lieu c anh khoi theo hang th hang au tien se la truc X. Neu mot bang co so hang nhieu hn so cot, Excel se hieu d lieu ve o th c sap xep theo cot. Neu bang co so cot nhieu hn, Excel se hieu d lieu ang sap xep theo hang. Tieu e cua o th (Chart title) Tieu e cua o th la dong ta pha tren o th va c dung e gii thieu ten chnh cua o th. Ten cua cac truc (Axis title) Ten cua truc X: la tieu e c ghi ben di, hay ben hong cua truc X. Ten cua truc Y: la tieu e c ghi ben trai hay ben tren cua truc Y. Cac chu thch (Legends) Cac chu thch giup ta phan biet cac ng khac nhau, cac ng nay c ve t cac d lieu khac nhau. Cac ng ke li (Gridlines) ng ke li tren o th giup ta de dang xac nh gia tr tren cac ng bieu dien. V du nh gia tr tai giao iem cua ng cung va ng cau.
Canh Thac/Thanh Thai/Thanh Phong 36 Microsoft Excel 2000
Vung nen cua o th (plot area) La vung nam sau lng cua cac ng o th. Thong thng Excel se e vung nen co mau xam. Tuy nhien ta co the chnh mau la khong mau hay tuy y. Xem phan chnh sa mau phan chnh sa o th. 2. Ve bieu o mot ng thang t bang so lieu cho trc, dang XY Scatter Thao tac: B1. Nhap vao mot bang so lieu (t o B2 en o C9) nh BANG 5.2
BANG 5.2 B2. anh khoi toan bo bang d lieu t o B2:C9 Nhap va gi chuot t o B2 Keo sang ngang mot cot, roi keo xuong di en o C9 th dng lai. Tha chuot ra. B3. a chuot len thanh cac cong cu thong dung (standard bar) roi nhap chuot vao bieu tng ChartWizard1 , mot ca so hien ra nh hnh 5.1 B4. Nhap chuot chon dang o th XY (Scatter), khi o nam dang o th XY Scatter se hien th B5. Nhap chuot chon dang co ng cong noi. B6. Nhap chuot vao nut Next, mot ca so vi o th se hien len thong bao ve nguon d lieu ve o th. B7. Tiep tuc nhap chuot vao nut Next, ca so ke tiep cho phep Anh/ Ch nhap vao ten o th (khung Chart title), ten truc X (khung Value X axis) va ten truc Y (khung Value Y axis), xem hnh 5.2.
ChartWizard: Tieng Viet ngha la nha thong thai ve o th 37 Microsoft Excel 2000
Canh Thac/Thanh Thai/Thanh Phong
HNH 5.1: Cac loai o th.
B8: Tiep tuc Nhap chuot vao nut Next trong ca so hnh 5.2
HNH 5.2: Nhap tieu e cho o th B9. Ca so ke tiep hien len cho phep chung ta xac nh v tr o th c hien th nh hnh 5.3, khung As new sheet : cho o th hien th vao mot trang mi (new sheet), khung As object in : cho o th hien th vao ung trang ang lam viec.
38
HNH 5.3: Chon v tr hien th o th B10: Nhap chuot vao Finish e o th hien th ra nen Excel. Sau khi hoan tat B10, mac du o th a hien ra tren nen Excel, the nhng hnh dang o th luc nay rat xau. e chnh sa o th cho va y, chung ta co the tiep tuc theo doi thao tac chnh sa o th bai 5, muc 5.4 3. Ve bieu o nhieu ng t mot bang co nhieu cot lien tiep hay nhieu cot cach ri nhau 3.1. Ve t bang co nhieu cot lien tiep, dang XY Scatter V du: Ve o th ng cung va ng cau vi BANG 3 cho trc. Thao tac: B1: Nhap vao bang so lieu nh BANG 3 BANG 3 A B
Lng 0 5 10 15 20 25 30
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
C
Gia cung 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
D
Gia cau 22 19 16 13 10 7 4
Sau khi nhap so lieu t B2 en D9 thao tac hoan toan tng t nh ve o th mot ng thang
B2. anh khoi toan bo bang d lieu t o B2:D9 Nhap va gi chuot t o B2 Keo sang ngang hai cot en cot D, roi keo xuong di en o D9 th dng lai. Tha chuot ra. B3. a chuot len thanh cac cong cu thong dung roi nhap chuot vao bieu tng ChartWizard, mot ca so hien ra nh hnh 5.1 B4. Nhap chuot chon dang o th XY (Scatter), khi o nam dang o th XY Scatter se hien th B5. Nhap chuot chon dang co ng noi. B6. Nhap chuot vao nut Next, ca so vi o th se hien len. B7. Tiep tuc nhap chuot vao nut Next, ca so ke tiep cho phep Anh/ Ch nhap vao ten o th (khung Chart title), ten truc X (khung Value X axis) va ten truc Y (khung Value Y axis), xem hnh 5.2. B8: Tiep tuc Nhap chuot vao nut Next trong ca so hnh 5.2 B9. Ca so ke tiep hien len cho phep chung ta xac nh v tr o th c hien th nh hnh 5.3, khung As new sheet: cho o th hien th vao mot trang mi (new sheet), khung As object in: cho o th hien th vao ung trang ang lam viec, nhap chuot vao As new sheet. B10: Nhap chuot vao Finish e o th hien th ra nen Excel. 3.2. Ve t bang co nhieu cot lien tiep, dang Line V du: Ve o th ng cung va ng cau vi BANG 3 cho trc. Thao tac: B1: Nhap vao bang so lieu nh BANG 4 BANG 4 A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 B
Lng 0 5 10 15 20 25 30
C
Gia cung 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
D
Gia cau 22 19 16 13 10 7 4
40
Lu y: cach anh dau khoi ve dang o th dang line se khac vi ve o th dang XY Scatter. B2. anh khoi bang d lieu t o C2:D9 Nhap va gi chuot t o C2 Keo sang ngang mot cot en cot D, roi keo xuong di en o D9 th dng lai. Tha chuot ra. B3. a chuot len thanh cac cong cu thong dung roi nhap chuot vao bieu tng ChartWizard , mot ca so hien ra nh hnh 5.1 B4. Nhap chuot chon dang o th Line, khi o bay dang o th Line se hien th B5. Nhap chuot vao nut Next, ca so vi o th se hien len. Luc nay o th van cha xac nh ung gia tr cua truc X; tiep tuc thc hien a gia tr truc X vao o th nh sau: B6. Nhap chuot vao thanh Series ben tren o th nh hnh 5.4
HNH 5.4 : a gia tr truc X vao o th

B7. Nhap chuot vao khung trang Category (X) axis labels ben di B8. a chuot ra nen Excel va anh khoi cot so lieu X; t o B3 en B9. Neu ca so o th che mat bang so lieu, khi o chung ta thc hien di chuyen ca so o th bang cach nhap va gi chuot tren ng mau xanh am (co dong ch Chart Wizard....) tren ca so roi mang sang cho khac. B9. Nhap chuot vao nut Next, ca so ke tiep cho phep Anh/ Ch nhap vao ten o th (khung Chart title), ten truc X ( khung Value X axis) va ten truc Y (khung Value Y axis), xem hnh 5.2. Sau khi nhap ten cua o th va ten hai truc xong. B10. Tiep tuc Nhap chuot vao nut Next trong ca so hnh 5.2 B11. Ca so ke tiep hien len cho phep chung ta xac nh v tr o th c hien th nh hnh 5.3, khung As new sheet : cho o th hien th vao mot trang mi (new sheet), khung As object in : cho o th hien th vao ung trang ang lam viec, nhap chuot vao As new sheet. B12. Nap chuot vao Finish e o th hien th ra trong mot trang mi (new sheet) co ten la Chart 1. 3.3. Ve t bang co nhieu cot cach ri, dang Line V du: Ve o th ng cau vi bang d lieu cho nh Bang 5 BANG 5: Bang vi so lieu cach ri A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 B
Lng 0 5 10 15 20 25 30
C
Gia cung 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
E
Gia cau 22 19 16 13 10 7 4
Lu y: cach anh dau khoi ve dang o th dang line se khac vi ve o th dang XY Scatter. B1: anh dau khoi cot d lieu gia cung (t C2 en C9)
42
Nhap va gi chuot gia o C2 roi keo xuong o C9. Tha chuot ra. B2: Tay trai bam va gi luon phm Ctrl (khong tha phm ra) B3: Tay phai dung chuot anh dau khoi cot d lieu gia cau t o E2:E9 B4: Tha chuot ra trc. B5: Tha phm Ctrl ra sau. Nh vay la ta a anh khoi c hai cot d lieu cach ri nhau. Ta tiep tuc thc hien cac bc tiep theo nh ve o th 5.3.2 ke t bc B3. B6. a chuot len thanh cac cong cu thong dung roi nhap chuot vao bieu tng ChartWizard , mot ca so hien ra nh hnh 5.1 B7. Nhap chuot chon dang o th Line, khi o bay dang o th Line se hien th B8. Nhap chuot vao nut Next, ca so vi o th se hien len. Luc nay o th van cha xac nh ung gia tr cua truc X; tiep tuc thc hien a gia tr truc X vao o th nh sau B9. Nhap chuot vao thanh Series ben tren o th, xem hnh 5.4 B10. Nhap chuot vao khung trang Category (X) axis labels B11. a chuot ra nen Excel va anh khoi cot so lieu X; t o B3 en B9. Neu ca so o th che mat bang so lieu, khi o chung ta thc hien di chuyen ca so o th bang cach nhap va gi chuot tren ng mau xanh am (co dong ch Chart Wizard....) tren ca so roi mang sang cho khac. B12. Nhap chuot vao nut Next, ca so ke tiep cho phep Anh/ Ch nhap vao ten o th (khung Chart title), ten truc X ( khung Value X axis) va ten truc Y (khung Value Y axis), xem hnh 5.2. Sau khi nhap ten cua o th va ten hai truc xong. B13. Tiep tuc Nhap chuot vao nut Next. B14. Ca so ke tiep hien len cho phep chung ta xac nh v tr o th c hien th nh hnh 5.3, khung As new sheet : cho o th hien th vao mot trang mi (new sheet), khung As object in : cho o th hien th vao ung trang ang lam viec, nhap chuot vao As new sheet. B15. Nhap chuot vao Finish e o th hien th ra trong mot trang mi (new sheet) co ten la Chart 1.
43
4. Chnh sa nh dang lai bieu o 4.1. nh dang lai kch thc va mau nen a. Chnh kch thc o th: Thao tac: B1: Nhap chuot mot cai tren nen cua o th, khi o xung quanh nen se hien len cac nut hnh vuong nho mau en. B2: a chuot en v tr cac nut en cho en khi chuot t dang mui ten mau trang chuyen thanh mui ten hai au mau en th dng lai. B3: Nhap va gi chuot B4: Dung chuot keo e cho o th c rong ra. B5: Tha chuot B6: Tiep tuc nhap va gi chuot vao cac nut en con lai e ieu chnh cho en khi kch thc cua nen u ln so vi kch thc o th ban au th ngng lai. b. Chnh mau nen: Thao tac: B1: Nhap chuot hai cai lien vao tren nen cua o th, mot bang mau se hien ra e ta chon mau, xem hnh minh hoa.
HNH 5.8: Bang chon mau B3: Nhap chuot vao mot o mau tuy y B4: Nhap chuot vao nut OK
44
4.2. nh dang lai truc X, truc Y a. Dch chuyen v tr ten cua cac truc. Thao tac: B1: Nhap va gi chuot vao ten cua truc X, nam ben di truc hoanh; hoac ten cua truc Y, nam ben trai truc tung. B2: Dch chuyen chuot en v tr muon at ten. B3: Tha chuot ra. b. Quay ngang ten cua truc Y: Thao tac: B1: Nhap chuot phai vao ten cua truc Y. B3: Bang nho hien len, ta nhap chuot vao dong ch Format axis title...
B4: Mot ca so hien len nh HNH 5.9, ta nhap chuot vao Alignment B5: Sau khi nhap chuot vao ch Alignment, mot ca so nh HNH 5.10 hien len, luc o Anh/ Ch se la chon hng cua ten truc X, bang cach anh vao goc nghieng o Degrees hoac keo kim hng en goc o mong muon. Ch Text tren hnh la dang nam doc, Anh/ch chon vao ch Text nam ngang, roi nhap chuot vao nut OK
HNH 5.10: Ca so Format Axis Title, chon Alignment
c. ieu chnh lai thang o2 (scale) cho hai truc C.1 ieu chnh thang o cua truc Y: Thao tac: B1: Click chon o th neu Anh/Ch ang ben ngoai o th. B2: Double click vao con so bat ky nam pha ben trai cua truc tung. B3: Mot ca so Format Axis hien len nh HNH 5.11, khi o Anh/Ch chon Scale B4: Chnh lai cac gia tr Minimum, Maximum, Major Unit:n v o chnh, Minor Unit: n v o phu, roi nhap chuot vao nut OK.
Thang o: Tren mot truc so se co gia tr ln nhat, nho nhat, bc chnh va bc phu. Tat ca bon yeu to tren la the hien ay u cua mot thang o, co the hieu n gian no la cay thc o. 46 Microsoft Excel 2000
HNH 5.11: Format Axis
C.2 ieu chnh thang o cua truc X: Lu y:
Thang o cua truc X se khong ieu chnh c khi o th ang co dang Line. Khi o ta phai nh dang cho o th co dang la XY-Scatter. Thao tac:
B1: Nhap chuot phai vao mot iem bat ky tren nen o th. B2: Nhap chuot vao Chart Type, mot ca so hien len nh HNH 5.12 B3: Nhap chuot vao XY [Scatter], roi nhap chuot vao OK. Sau khi o th dang XY [Scatter] th co the chnh sa Scale nh phan C.1.
47
HNH 5.12: Loai o th B4: Double click vao con so ben di truc hoanh. B5: Nhap chuot vao ch Scale. B6: Chnh lai cac gia tr Minimum, Maximum, Major Unit:n v o chnh, Minor Unit: n v o phu, roi nhap chuot vao nut OK. 4.3. nh dang lai ng, mau ng, ky hieu tren ng Thao tac: B1: Click e o th neu Anh/Ch ang ben ngoai o th. B2: Double click vao ng thang, mot ca so hien len nh HNH 5.13 B3: Ben di phan chnh ng, pha di ch Line, Anh/Ch chon custom, sau o chnh dang ng (Style), mau ng (color), o net (weight) day hay mong. B4: Tng t cho thao tac chnh ng, ben tay phai la chnh (marker) dau anh tren ng, dau anh nay giup ta phan biet gia cac ng vi nhau.
48
HNH 5.13: nh dang chuoi so lieu 5. Ve them ng vao mot o th co san Thao tac: Trc tien cac Anh/Ch ve o th cua ng cung; sau o them ng cau. B1: Nhap vao mot bang so lieu (t o B2 en o D9) nh hnh ve (BANG 7) BANG 7
49
B2: anh khoi bang d lieu t B2:C9 Nhap va gi chuot t o B2 Keo sang ngang mot cot, roi keo xuong di en o C9 th dng lai. Tha chuot ra. B3: Thc hien thao tac ve o th giong nh thao tac trong phan ve o th 5.2 (ve o th cua mot ng thang), (xem lai phan ve o th 5.2 va thc hien en B10). B4: a o th ng cau vao theo cac thao tac: anh khoi cot d lieu gia cau t D2:D9 Nhap chuot vao bieu tng copy. Sau o dan vao o th bang cach: nhap chuot vao o th, sau o nhap chuot vao bieu tng dan.
50
Bai 6. Chnh trang in va in an
BAI 6. CHNH TRANG IN VA IN AN

1. Vai cau hoi trc khi in. Trc khi in, e khong b mat nhieu thi gian, Anh/Ch can tra li mot vai cau hoi sau: 1. Anh/Ch a vao mang cha. (Username va password) 2. Ten vao mang cua Anh/Ch (Logon Name khi vao Windows) la ten g. 3. May in cua Anh/Ch la may in nao, co bat len cha. 4. Cac Anh/Ch a xem lai trang in (Print Preview) trc khi in cha. 5. Mot vai li khuyen: Han che in t bieu tng Print tren thanh "standard bar" Nen xem lai (Print Preview) trc khi in, xem tong so trang in co hp ly khong, van ban co lot vao trong trang cha? Nen in t thanh menu; nhap chuot vao ch File Nen in trc th mot hay hai trang trc khi in toan bo van ban. Nhn tren man hnh in xem mnh se in ra may in nao? Trong phong may hay in sang may in phong Hanh chnh. Khi a cho lenh in roi ma khong thay in ra, th khong nen cho lenh in na ma hay goi ngi ieu khien he thong e hoi ro nguyen nhan. Xem thao tac in mau phan 4.1 2. Chnh trang in (Page Setup) Tai sao phai chnh trang in ? Trc khi in bang tnh, thng chung ta se at cau hoi la trang giay ma chung ta in ra co kch thc nh the nao (B5, A4, A3, ...), vi kch thc trang giay ma ta chon th bang tnh cua chung ta se in ra bao nhieu trang, noi dung ben trong bang tnh co b tach ra nhng phan theo cac trang khac nhau hay khong (trong khi o chung ta mong muon la mot phan nao o tren bang tnh phai nam tren mot trang ma khong b tach ri. V du, ten o th ghi chu thch cua o th th luc nao chung ta cung muon no nam cung trang vi o th) hoac la chung ta muon la co ten cua chung ta tren trang in (e khong lan lon vi trang in cua ngi khac), tren trang in co ngay thang, so trang va rat nhieu cau hoi khac. Sau ay chung ta se tm hieu s lc mot so phan ve hop thoai Page Setup.
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e goi hop thoai Page Setup chung ta phai co bang tnh cua chung ta tren man hnh. Nhap chuot vao trnh n File, mot bang danh sach cac lenh trong trnh n nay trai xuong, Nhap chuot chon lenh Page Setup, hop hoi thoai Page Setup xuat hien nh hnh 6-1.
Tab Page Tab Margins Tab Tab Header/Footer Sheet
Hnh 6-1
Hop hoi thoai Page Setup
Trong hop hoi thoai Page Setup, chung ta thay no co nhieu Tab, sau ay lan lc chung ta se xem xet chc nang cua tng phan tromg moi Tab nay. Khung chc nang Page (xem hnh 6-1) Trong hop hoi thoai Page Setup, nhap chuot vao ch Page th Tab Page c noi len pha trc cac tab khac trong hop thoai Page Setup. Phan Orientation: Phan nay cho chung ta 2 la chon la noi dung cua bang tnh khi in ra se bo tr theo trang ngang (Landscape) hoac la theo trang doc (Portrait). e chon trang doc, hay nhap chuot vao nut Radio Button (xem hnh 6-2) ngay trc ch Portrait hay neu muon chon trang ngang hay nhap chuot vao nut radio button ngay trc ch Landscape.
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Chng trnh Giang day Kinh te Fulbright In trang doc In trang ngang
Hnh 6-2
Phan Oriantation e cai at in trang doc hoac in trang ngang.
Chu y: va khong c chon co hnh +Trang thai cua nut radio button ang c chon co hnh +Trong phan Orientation nay th chung ta ch co the chon mot trong 2 la chon. +Trong mot Worksheet chung ta ch co the nh dang la in trang doc hoac la in trang ngang cho toan bo cac trang trong Worksheet o.
Phan Scaling: Dung e lam ln len hoac nho phan noi dung cua Worksheet in ra. Chon la nay khong lam thay oi kch thc cua Worksheet tren man hnh. e tang hay giam kch thc cua Worksheet khi in ra, chung ta hay nhap chuot vao trong hop Adjust to, roi anh vao so phan tram kch thc cua Worksheet in ra so vi kch thc bnh thng (xem hnh 6-3).
Hop Adjust to
Hnh 6-3
Phan Scaling dung e thay oi t le in.
- Phan Paper size: Chon la kho giay in (xem hnh 6-4).

Nut m danh sach la chon kho giay
Hnh 6-4
Phan Paper size dung e cai at kho giay in.
Nhap chuot vao nut m danh sach th mot danh sach ten cac loai kho giay c trai xuong, hay nhap chuot vao loai ten kho giay ma Anh/Ch muon chon. Neu cac Anh/Ch khong thay ten cua kho giay ma mnh muon chon th hay nhap chuot vao nut cuon len cua thanh cuon hoac nhap chuot vao nut cuon xuong cua thanh cuon e tm kiem ten cua kho giay o.
Nut cuon xuong Nut cuon len
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Phan Print Quality: Chon la chat lng cua trang in. e chon chat lng in hay nhap chuot vao nut m danh danh cua hop Print Quality (xem hnh 6-5) th mot danh sach trai xuong roi nhap chuot vao mot trong cac ten trong danh sach. High, Medium, Low, Draft theo th t la chat lng cao, trung bnh, thap, va in nhap.
Hnh 6-5 Phan Print Quality dung e chon chat
Phan First Page Number: ay la phan la chon cho so cua trang au tien. V du, neu chung ta muon trang au tien co so cua trang la 5 th hay vao so 5 trong hop nay. Trong cac tab cua hop hoi thoai Page Setup ta ieu thay cac nut OK, Cancel, Print, Print Preview, Options, va Help. Chc nang cua cac nut nay la: Nut OK: La nut ghi nhan tat ca la chon ma ta a ch ra. Sau khi nhap chuot vao nut OK th hop hoi thoai Page Setup se ong lai. Nut Cancel: La nut huy bo tat ca nhng g ma ta la chon. Sau khi nhap chuot vao nut nay th hop hoi thoai Page Setup ong lai. Nut Print: Dung e in bang tnh. Nut Print Preview: Nhap chuot vao nut nay th chng trnh Excel se cho chung ta nhn thay trang in trc khi in. Nut Options: e chon la cho may in. Nut Help: Hng dan bang tieng Anh ve cac chc nang cua cac phan trong tab hien hanh.
Khung chc nang Margins Trong hop hoi thoai Page Setup Nhap chuot vao ch Margins th tab Margins c troi len pha trc.
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Hnh 6-6. Tab margins
- Trong tab nay cho chung ta cai at cac le cua noi dung ben trong trang in. Cac le nay la: + Khoang cach t canh ben trai cua trang giay en mep phan noi dung ben trong cua bang tnh (co ten la Left). + Khoang cach t canh ben phai cua trang giay en mep phan noi dung ben trong cua bang tnh (co ten la Right). + Khoang cach t canh ben tren cua trang giay en mep phan noi dung ben trong cua bang tnh (co ten la Top). + Khoang cach t canh ben di cua trang giay en mep phan noi dung ben trong cua bang tnh (co ten la Bottom) + Khoang cach t canh ben tren cua trang giay en mep phan tieu e au trang (header). + Khoang cach t canh ben di cua trang giay en mep phan tieu e cuoi trang (Footer). (xem hnh 6-7)
Ghi chu:
- Header ngha la tieu e au trang. Nh Anh/Ch thay tieu e au trang cua phan tai lieu nay la: "Chng trnh Giang day Kinh te Fulbright Bai 6. Chnh trang in va in an"
- Footer ngha la tieu e cuoi trang. Tieu e cuoi trang cua phan tai lieu hng dan nay la: Canh Thac/Thanh Thai/Thanh Phong 55 Microsoft Excel 2000
- Ch Header va Footer trong khung From edge cua tab Margins am ch khoang cach t canh tren trang giay en phan tieu e au trang va t canh di trang giay en tieu e cuoi trang.
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+ Trong khung Center on Page co 2 phan la Horizontally va Vertically dung e at noi dung cua trang in nam gia cac le Left-Right va Top-Bottom. Neu ta nhap chuot vao o Horizontally th noi dung trang in se nam gia le Left va Right. Neu ta nhap chuot vao o Vertically th noi dung trang in se nam gia le Top va Bottom (xem hnh 6-7).
Header
Top
Hnh 6-7
Giai thch cac thuat ng trong tab Magins.
Horizontally
Left
Vertically
Right
Footer
Bottom
- e thay oi le, hay anh so vao cac hop Top, Bottom, Left, Right (chu y la so nay co n v o chieu dai tnh bang Inch). e thay oi le cua tieu e au trang va tieu e cuoi trang, hay anh so vao hop Header, Footer (n v Inch) - Khung Preview la cho chung ta biet la ang thay oi le nao bang hnh anh. Khung chc nang Header/Footer Trong hop hoi thoai Page Setup, nhap chuot vao ch Header/Footer th tab Header/Footer c troi len pha trc (xem hnh 6-8). Tab nay dung e a vao trang in tieu e au trang va tieu e cuoi trang.
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Hnh 6-8. Tab Header/ Footer dung e a vao trang in cac tieu e au trang va tieu e cuoi trang.
Cach a vao tieu e au trang: Thao tac: B1. Nhap chuot vao ch File tren thanh Menu, mot ca so se rt xuong. B2. Nhap chuot vao hang ch Page Setup trong ca so va rt xuong. B3. Nhap chuot vao khung ch Header/Footer. B4. Nhap chuot vao nut Custom header , mot hop hoi thoai Header xuat hien (xem hnh 6-9). Hop hoi thoai nay co 3 khung Left Section, Center Section va Right Section. Cac khung nay la 3 phan trai, gia va phai cua tieu e au trang. B5. Nhap chuot vao trong 3 khung o va anh vao tieu e au trang hoac nhap chuot vao cac nut chen so th t trang so trang (ma la &[Date]), gi cua luc bang tnh in ra ten file cua ban tnh (ma la &[Tab]). (ma la &[Page]), tong (ma la &[Time]), (ma la &[Pages]), ngay thang nam luc bang tnh c in ra (ma la &[File]), ten Worksheet hien hanh
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Hnh 6-9. Tab Header dung e them tieu e au trang.
nh dang ch tieng Viet cho tieu e au trang bang cach boi en (anh khoi) nhng ky t ma chung ta muon nh dang sau o nhap chuot vao nut th mot hop hoi thoai Font hien ra (xem hnh 6-10) va tiep theo chung ta co the chon la cac nh dang lai font ch ma chung ta muon.
Hnh 6-10. Hop hoi thoai Font dung e nh dang tieu e au trang.
B6. Nhap chuot vao nut OK th Excel se ghi nhan cac cac nh dang ma chung ta a chon va hop thoai Font c ong lai; hoac nhap chuot vao nut Cancel e huy bo tat ca cac nh dang ma chung ta va chon va hop hoi thoai Font c ong lai. B7. Tiep tuc nhap chuot vao nut OK e Excel se ghi nhan lai moi th ma chung ta va mi a vao tieu e au trang; hoac nhap chuot vao nut Cancel e huy bo tieu e au trang ma chung ta va mi a vao hoac chnh sa. Sau khi nhap chuot hop hoi thoai Header c ong lai
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Cach a vao tieu e cuoi trang: Trong tab Header/Footer, nhap chuot vao nut Custom Footer th hop hoi thoai Footer hien ra (xem hnh 6-11).
Hnh 6-11. Hop hoi thoai Footer dung e a vao tieu e cuoi trang.
T hop hoi thoai nay chung ta a vao tieu e cuoi trang tng t nh cach a vao tieu e au trang. Khung chc nang Sheet Trong hop hoi thoai Page Setup, nhap chuot vao ch Sheet th khung chc nang Sheet c troi len pha trc (xem hnh 6-12). Sau ay chung ta se lan lt tm hieu ve khung chc nang nay.
Hnh 6-12. Tab Sheet
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- Print Area: Khung nay cho chung ta chon vung in (xem hnh 6-13).
Hnh 6-13. nh vung in
V du, chung ta can in vung A1:B5 va D1:E5 th ch can anh vao khung nay A1:B5, D1:E5 hoac nhap chuot vao khung nay roi nhap chuot vao trong Worksheet va dung mouse e quet chon la vung A1:B5 roi nhan gi phm Ctrl va quet chon vung D1:E5, khi quet chon xong th trong khung Print Area cung xuat hien $A$1:$B$5,$D$1:$E$5. Cac vung chon ma khong lien tuc th se c in tren cac trang khac nhau. Nh v du tren th vung A1:B5 c in tren mot trang va D1:E5 c in tren trang khac. -Print Titles: Dung e in lap lai hang hay cot ma chung ta muon chon lam au e (xem hnh 6-14). Cac au e ch c in lap lai nhng trang tiep theo sau hang hay cot co au e o. V du neu chung ta chon mot hang hay cot lam au e in va hang hay cot nay nam trang th hai th ke t trang th ba tr i au nay se c in lap lai.
Hnh 6-14. Cac khung chon au e in
Bay gi, chung ta th xem them v du sau e hieu them ve in lap lai au e. Tren hnh 6-15, ta co mot bang dai, neu in ra th bang nay se co 2 trang va bang nay se b chia thanh 2 phan nam trong 2 trang o. Gia s, phan bang B2:H62 nam trang th nhat va phan bang B63:H:75 nam trong trang th 2. Nh vay khi xem gia tr nao o la Quantity hay Price ($) vv... trong trang th 2 th nhat thiet phai oi chieu vi au e hang cua trang th nhat. v du nh, e biet o D70 la g th ta phai oi chieu vao trang th nhat mi biet c no la Quantity.
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Hnh 6-15. Mot v du minh hoa cho viec in lap lai au e.
e khong can phai oi chieu len trang th nhat chung ta hay cho in lap lai tieu e cua bang la hang so 2 cua bang tnh nay (tc la hang co tieu e No., Book name, Quantity, Price ($) vv...) bang cach m tap tin co bang nay roi goi hop hoi thoai Page Setup len, nhap chuot vao tab Sheet (thao tac theo phan hng dan cac trang trc) roi nhap chuot vao hop Row to Repeat at Top roi nhap chuot vao bat ky o nao cua hang 2 cua woorksheet th lap tc trong hop Row to Repeat at Top xuat hien $2:$2 (xem hnh 6-16).
Hnh 6-16. Sau khi nhap chuot vao hang 2 cua Woork sheet.
Tiep tuc, nhap chuot vao nut OK cua hop hoi thoai Page Setup e Excel ghi nhan lai viec chung ta mi lam. Bay gi, neu in ra bang tnh th chung ta se c ket qua nh hnh 6-17a va 6-17b.
Hnh 6-17a. Trang th nhat
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Chng trnh Giang day Kinh te Fulbright au e bang tnh c in lap lai trang 2
Hnh 6-17b. Trang th hai
- Print: e chon la cac phan trong khung print th nhap chuot vao cac hop check box . Sau khi nhap chuot vao hop check box th trong hop nay c anh dau X co hnh . V du, khi neu nhap chuot vao hop check box cua Gridlines th chung ta thay nh hnh 6-18.
Hnh 6-18. Khung Print
+ Gridlines (xem hnh 6-19): la mhng ng li ngang doc nh chung ta thay tren bang tnh (cac ng nay manh va m, dung e cho chung ta thay c moi o trong bang tnh). neu chung ta nhap chuot chon vao hop check box cua Gridlines th khi in ra cac o cha c ong khung (bang lenh Border) se co ng mang bao quanh.
Gridline
Hnh 6-19. Gridlines
+ Black and White: Khi chon muc nay va in bang tnh tren may in mau th mat du trong bang tnh chung ta co mau, trang in cua chung ta ch co mau
trang va en. Ngoai ra, chon la nay lam cho qua trnh in tren may in mau nhanh hn. + Notes: Khi chon muc nay th ngoai noi dung cua worksheet c in ra, tat ca cac ghi chu cho cac o cua worksheet se c in ra thanh cac trang tach rieng vi cac trang cua noi dung worksheet. e in cac ghi chu cua cac o i kem vi a ch cua nhng o o th chung ta phai anh dau ca hop check box cua Notes va hop check box cua Row and column headings. + Row And Colum Headings: Neu chon muc nay th trang in se co them phan so th t hang va ten cot cua cac o trong bang tnh (hnh 6-20). so th t hang va ten cot cua cac o c in ra trong trang in
Hnh 6-20. Trang in co chon muc Row And Column Headings.
+Draft Quality: Khi chon muc nay th trang in cua chung ta se khong c sac net va cac ng gridlines se khong c in ra. Muc chon nay se lam tang toc o in. -Page Order: Dung e ieu khien so th t trang tren trang in. Gia s, bang tnh khi in ra bao gom 4 trang va cac khoi A1:G30, H1:O430, A31:G60, H31:O60 nam trong cac trang khac nhau. + Down, Then Across: Theo gia s tren th muc chon nay co ket qua sau.
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Trang1
Trang3
Trang2
Trang4
Hnh 6-21. Muc chon Down, Then Across
+ Across, Then Down: Theo gia s tren th muc chon nay co ket qua nh hnh 6-22.
Trang1
Trang2
Trang3
Trang4
Hnh 6-22. Muc chon Across, Then Down
3. Xem trc trang in (Print Preview) Trc khi in, cac Anh/Ch luon nh xem trc trang in. e xem trc trang in, trong luc bang tnh ang c m, nhap chuot vao nut Print Preview tren thanh cong cu Standard. Mot man hnh Print Preview hien ra nh hnh 6-23.
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Hnh 6-23. Man hnh Print Preview
- Nut Next: xem trang ke tiep. V du, tren man hnh Print Preview la trang 2 th sau khi nhap chuot vao nut nay no se chuyen qua man hnh la trang 3. - Nut Previous: Xem trang ke trc. V du, tren man hnh Print Preview la trang 2 th sau khi nhap chuot vao nut nay no se chuyen qua man hnh la trang 1. - Nut Zoom: Phong to hoac thu nho trang in tren man hnh. Neu chung ta muon phong to phan nao o, hay nhap chuot vao vung o cua trang in th vung o c phong to len va nhap chuot mot lan na vao trang in th man hnh thu nho lai goi gon u mot trang tren man hnh. - Nut Print: e in bang tnh. - Nut Setup...: e goi hop hoi thoai Page Setup len. - Nut Margins: Dung e chnh le trang in tren mang hnh Print Preview. Sau khi nhap chuot vao nut nay th chung ta se thay cac ng le cua trang in va cac ng cot hien ra, 2 au cua cac ng nay co o vuong nho mau en (xem hnh 6-24).Thao tac e chnh le trang in hoac chnh o rong cua cot la nhap chuot vao nut Margins, sau o a mui ten cua Mouse en nut o vuong en roi nhan va gi phm trai cua Mouse roi keo en v tr ma chung ta muon. - Nut Close: e ong man hnh Print Preview lai.
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Hnh 6-24. Man hnh Print Preview sau khi nhap chuot vao nut Margins. Ghi chu: Thanh di cung cua man hnh Print Preview la thanh tnh trang trang in. Nh hnh tren th phan Preview Page 2 of 3 cua thanh tnh trang trang in co ngha la trang in cua chung ta co tong cong la 3 trang va trang hien tren man hnh la trang th 2. Do o, nhn vao thanh nay chung ta se biet la tong so trang la bao nhieu va trang hien la trang so may.
4. In an 4.1. Thao tac in an V du mau: Gia s Anh/Ch ang co mot file excel dai 20 trang va Anh/Ch muon in ba trang au Thao tac: B0: Xem lai trang in trc khi in, va chac chan rang file dai ung 20 trang va khong co loi trong ba trang au. B1: Nhap chuot vao ch File. B2: Nhap chuot vao ch Print, mot ca so hien len nh HNH 6 - 25.
B3: anh so 1 vao o From: B4: anh so 3 vao ca so To:
Hnh 6-25. Hop hoi thoai Print
B5: Nhap chuot vao ch OK Lu y: Mat nh ca so From ma e trong khong go g ca, th excel ngam nh se in t trang 1.
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4.2. Man hnh Print co nhng g? Trc tien bang tnh phai c m ra. Nhap chuot vao trnh n (menu) File, mot danh sach cac lenh trong trnh n File trai xuong, nhap chuot chon lenh Print th mot hop hoi thoai Print m ra nh hnh 6-26
Hnh 6-26. Hop hoi thoai Print
Sau ay chung ta se tm hieu cac phan trong hop hoi thoai Print. - Printer: Sau ch Printer la ten cua may in. - Print What: Trong phan gom co 3 muc chon . + Muc chon Selection: Neu chung ta muon in mot vung nao o tren bang tnh th chon vung o roi m hop hoi thoai Print sau o chon muc Selection roi nhap chuot vao nut OK e ch in vung bang tnh o. + Muc Selected Sheet: Muc nay la muc mac nh cho nen moi khi hop hoi thoai Print hien ra th muc nay a c chon. Chon la muc nay la e in Worksheet hien hanh. + Entire Workbook: Khi chon muc nay th toan bo cac Worksheet ma co noi dung tren o se c in ra. - Coppies: Trong hop nay c mac nh la 1. Ngha la, ch in mot bo trang in thoi. Neu muon in nhieu bo, chang han nh 3 bo th anh so 3 vao hop Coppies. - Page Range: Trong phan nay gom co 2 muc. + All: neu chon muc nay th ta se in toan bo cac trang cua cac trang in ma chung ta chon.
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+ Pages: anh so vao hop From e nh trang bat au in va anh so vao hop To e nh trang in cuoi. V du, trang in cua chung ta co 10 trang ma chung ta ch muon in t trang 3 en trang 8 th hay anh vao hop From so 3 va anh vao hop To so 8. - Nut OK: La e ghi nhan lai cac phan a ch nh in cua chung ta va bat au tien trnh in ra may in. - Nut Cancel la e huy bo cac phan a ch nh in cua chung ta va ong hop hoi thoai Print lai. - Nut Page Setup: La e m hop hoi thoai Page Setup e ieu chnh trang in. - Nut Print Preview: La e m man hnh Print Preview (xem trc trang in). - Nut Printer Setup: La e cai at cho may in. - Nut Help: La e hng dan bang tieng Anh ve hop hoi thoai Print.
Ghi chu: Neu chung ta m bang tnh ra va nhap chuot vao nut Print tren thanh cong cu chuan (Standard) th Excel se tien hanh tien trnh in ra may in Worksheet hien hanh. Do o, chung ta se khong c chon la nh trong hop hoi thoai Print va chung ta se khong biet c trang in se c in ra may in nao va vv... Ch khi nao chac chan la chung ta ch in Worksheet hien hanh va trang in cua ta a c ieu chnh hoan chnh th mi dung nut Print nay.
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Bai 7. Phan tch o nhay va phan tch hoi qui
BAI 7. PHAN TCH O NHAY VA PHAN TCH HOI QUI

1. Phan tch o nhay mot chieu Khai niem o nhay: Trong cac bai toan trc, cac Anh/Ch ch phan tch cac bai toan tnh (ngha la cac Anh/ Ch thc hien cac bai toan vi cac yeu to au vao khong oi). Trong thc te, cac yeu to au vao thng xuyen thay oi, lam anh hng en ket qua au ra va rat co the lam cho ket qua bai toan tr nen rat xau. Chnh v vay chung ta can phan tch bai toan vi mo hnh ong, ngha la xem xet bai toan trong ieu kien cac yeu to au vao thay oi. Phan tch o nhay chnh la lap bang xem xet s thay oi cua ket qua au ra khi mot hoat hai yeu to au vao thay oi. Trong trng hp phan tch bai toan vi mot bien au vao thay oi ta goi la phan tch o nhay mot chieu. Trong trng hp phan tch bai toan vi hai bien au vao thay oi ta goi la phan tch o nhay hai chieu. Vay th cach lap bang phan tch o nhay nh the nao: Bai toan tnh: Trc tien Anh/ Ch hay xem xet bai toan tnh nh BANG 7.1. Mot ngi kinh doanh mot mat hang A vi gia mua : 8, gia ban : 10 => tien li = 10 8 = 2 A 1 2 3 4 5 B Gia mua Gia ban Tien li C 8 10 2 D
BANG 7.1: Bai toan tnh
Bai toan ong: Hay tnh tien li khi hoac gia mua thay oi hoac gia ban thay oi. Anh/ Ch hay lap bang phan tch o nhay mot chieu e xem xet tien li.
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Thao tac e lap bang phan tch o nhay mot chieu vi gia ban: B1: Go vao o A6 dong Phan tch o nhay vi gia ban thay oi B2: Anh/ Ch hay go vao bang tay cac gia tr cua gia ban t o B9:B12 A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 B
Gia mua Gia ban Tien li
C
8 10 2
Phan tch o nhay vi gia ban thay oi = C4 9 10 11 12
BANG 7.2: Phan tch o nhay khi gia ban thay oi
B3: anh dau = vao o C8. B4: Nhap chuot vao o C4 (gia tr cua tien li), roi go phm Enter. B5: anh khoi toan bo bang t o B8:C12 B6: a chuot len thanh Thc n va nhap chuot vao ch Data B7: Nhap chuot vao ch Table .tren man hnh se hien len nh HNH 7.1
HNH 7.1
B8: Go vao phm Tab e con tro nhay sang hop thoai Column Input Cell B9: Nhap chuot vao o C3 (gia tr cua gia ban). B10: Nhap chuot vao ch OK, e hoan tat lap bang o nhay mot chieu.
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2. Phan tch o nhay hai chieu Thao tac e lap bang phan tch o nhay hai chieu vi gia ban va gia mua B1: Go vao o A16 dong Bang phan tch o nhay hai chieu B2: Anh/ Ch hay go vao bang tay cac gia tr cua gia ban t o B9:B22 B3: Anh/ Ch hay go vao bang tay cac gia tr cua gia mua t o C18:F18 A 1 2 3 4 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 B
Gia mua Gia ban Tien li
C
8 10 2
Bang phan tch o nhay hai chieu
= C4 9 10 11 12
BANG 7.3: Phan tch o nhay khi gia ban va gia mua cung thay oi
B4: anh dau = vao o B18. B5: Nhap chuot vao o C4 (gia tr cua tien li). B6: anh khoi toan bo bang t o B18:F22 B7: a chuot len thanh Thc n va nhap chuot vao ch Data B8: Nhap chuot vao ch Table . B9: Nhap chuot vao o C2 (gia tr cua gia mua) B10: Go phm Tab e con tro nhay sang hop thoai Column Input Cell B11: Nhap chuot vao o C3 B12: Nhap chuot vao nut OK
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3. Phan tch hoi qui Khai niem: Phan tch hoi qui la phan tch moi tng quan cua hai hay nhieu chuoi so lieu cho trc, tm ra c phng trnh mo ta moi quan he cua cac chuoi so lieu o da vao cac tr thong ke ma ket qua cho t chay hoi qui (Regression). V du: Cho hai chuoi so lieu X, Y nh bang 7.4, hay tm phng trnh Y theo X. Thao tac: B1: Nhap vao bang so lieu nh BANG 7.4 A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 B X
1 3 4 6 8 9
C Y
3 5 8 10 12 15
Bang 7.4: Hai chuoi so lieu cho trc, e chay hoi qui B2: Nhap chuot vao Tool B3: Nhap chuot vao Data Analysis (Can Add-ins trc khi s dung) B4: Dch chuyen thanh cuon, roi nhap chuot vao Regression, nhap chuot vao OK B5: Nhap chuoi so lieu Y vao ca so Input Y range; bang cach anh khoi o C2 en o C8 (C2:C8). B6: Go phm Tab e sang ca so Input X range. B7: Nhap chuoi so lieu X vao ca so Input X range; bang cach anh khoi B2:B8 B8: Nhap chuot vao Labels B9: Nhap chuot vao OK e hoan tat thao tac chay hoi qui. Lu y: Sau khi nhap chuot vao ch OK th mot sheet mi hien len cung cap cho Anh/Ch mot so tr thong ke e co the phan tch hai chuoi d lieu cho trong BANG 7.4
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Bai 8. Giai bai toan tren Excel
BAI 8. GIAI TOAN TREN EXCEL

1. Bai toan phan tch tnh huong a. Gii thieu bai toan: Trong cac Bai 7, cac Anh/Ch a quen vi bai toan phan tch o nhay mot chieu va phan tch o nhay hai chieu. Trong bai toan phan tch o nhay mot chieu hay con goi la chay o nhay cho ra bang mot chieu, Anh/ Ch ch co mot bien thay oi (vd: gia mua hay gia ban), trong trng hp bai toan phan tch o nhay hai chieu, chung ta se co hai bien thay oi (vd: ca gia mua lan gia ban). Gii han cua bai toan phan tch o nhay ch dng lai bien th hai. Tuy nhien trong trng hp co nhieu hn hai bien, chung ta van co the giai bai toan tren Excel, o chnh la bai toan phan tch tnh huong. b. Cong cu e giai bai toan tren Excel:
SCENARIOS
Scenario la mot cong cu nam trong Tools, tren thanh Menu. c. bai toan v du tren Excel: Bai toan tnh: Trc tien Anh/ Ch hay xem xet bai toan tnh nh BANG 8.1. Mot ngi kinh doanh mot mat hang A vi: Gia mua : 8 Gia ban : 10 Tra lng: 0.5 => tien li = Gia ban - Gia mua - Tra lng = 10 8 - 0.5 = 1.5 A 1 2 3 4 5 6 B Gia mua Gia ban Tra lng Tien li C 8 10 0.5 1.5 D
BANG 8.1: Bai toan tnh
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Bai toan phan tch tnh huong: Ben di ay la v du ve gia ca cho cac tnh huong (Anh/ Ch khong phhjai go vao bang 8.2 nay). Hay tnh tien li khi gia mua, gia ban va tra lng thay oi theo Bang 8.2 sau: A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Gia mua Gia ban Tra lng Tien li B C Trng hp 1 8 10 0.5 1.5 D Trng hp 2 7 12 1 ? E Trng hp 3 9 9.5 1.5 ?
BANG 8.2: Bai toan tnh huong
d. S dung cong cu Scenarios e tnh tien li trong ba tnh huong tren: Thao tac: B1. B2. B3. Tren Excel, thiet lap lai bang 8.1, trong o o tnh tien li o C5 phai lien ket cong thc nh sau: "=C3-C2-C4" Nhap chuot vao ch Tools tren thanh Menu. Nhap chuot vao ch Scenarios ..Khi o mot ca so se hien ra nh sau:
Hnh 8.1: Quan ly Tnh huong
B4.
Nhap chuot vao ch Add Khi o mot ca so nh Hnh 8.2 se hien ra.
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B5. B6. B7.
anh vao ten cua Tnh huong (vd: TH1) khung ca so Scenario Name: Nhan phm Tab e con tro nhay sang khung Changing Cells: Nhan va gi phm Ctrl ong thi nhap chuot lan lt vao cac o bien (o co gia tr thay oi)
Hnh 8.2: Them vao Tnh huong
B8.
Nhap chuot vao nut OK, khi o mot ca so se hien ra nh hnh ve 8.3 cho phep Anh/Ch sa oi gia tr cua cac bien. Thong thng trng hp 1 la trng hp goc cua bai toan tnh, nen ta se gi lai khong thay oi gia tr cua cac bien
Hnh 8.3: Gia tr cac bien
B9.
Nhap chuot vao nut Add, roi nhap vao cac gia tr cho cac bien trong tnh huong th hai, khi o ca so nh hnh 8.2 lai hien len. B10. Lan nay Anh/Ch anh vao ten tnh huong, roi nhap chuot vao nut OK, ma khong khai bao lai bien. Trong trng hp tnh huong 2 co cac bien khac tnh huong 1, khi o Anh/Ch phai khai bao lai cac bien. B11. Mot ca so giong nh hnh 8.3 se hien len, cho phep Anh/Ch nhap vao gia tr cac bien C2, C3, C4 cua trng hp 2, sau o Anh/Ch nhap chuot vao nut Add e tiep tuc nhap gia tr cac bien cho trng hp 3.
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B12. Sau khi nhap xong cac bien cua trng hp 3, Anh/Ch nhap chuot vao nut OK e ket thuc viec nhap gia tr cho cac bien trong cac tnh huong. Khi o mot ca so giong nh hnh 8.1 se hien len vi ay u ten cac tnh huong. B13. Anh/Ch co the chon cac tnh huong va nhap chuot vao nut Show e xem cac ket qua. B14. Nhap chuot vao nut Close e ket thuc viec chay. 2. Bai toan tm giao iem cua ng cung va ng cau bang Goal Seek a. Gii thieu bai toan: Cho phng trnh ng cung va ng cau nh sau: ng cung: 3P - 2Q = 6 (pt 8.1) ng cau: P + Q = 30 (pt 8.2) T phng trnh ng cung va ng cau ta lap c bang 8.3 (xem hnh), trong o gia tr cot B c go vao bang tay, gia tr cot C va D c tnh toan bang cong thc (vd: o C3 = 2/3*B3 + 2; o D3 = 30 - B3) A
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Lng 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 Gia cung 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 Gia cau 27 24 21 18 15 12 9 6
BANG 8.3: So lieu ng cung, ng cau
b. Cong cu e giai bai toan tren Excel:
GOAL SEEK
Thao tac: B1. B2. Nhap chuot vao o E3, chon lam hieu cua gia cung va gia cau. Thc hien phep tnh hieu cho o E3 (=C3 - D3).
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B3. B4. B5. B6.
Nhap phm Enter, e Excel thc hien phep tnh. Nhap chuot tr lai o E3 Nhap chuot vao ch Tools tren thanh Menu. Nhap chuot vao ch Goal Seek ..Khi o mot ca so se hien ra nh sau:
Hnh 8.4: Ca so Goal Seek
anh vao so 0 khung To Value roi anh phm Tab cho chuot nhay sang khung By changing cell: B8. Nhap chuot vao o B3, chon lam bien thay oi. B9. Nhap chuot vao nut OK, khi o Excel se cho gia tr o B3 thay oi cho en khi o E3 bang 0, ngha la gia cung va gia cau bang nhau. B10. Nhap chuot vao nut OK e ket thuc bai toan.
B7.
8.3. Bai toan Qui hoach tuyen tnh (Linear Programming)

a. Gii thieu bai toan: Bai toan qui hoach tuyen la bai toan yeu cau at c muc tieu e ra, tuy nhien b rang buoc bi mot so nguon lc. Trong v du ben di ay muc tieu cua doanh nghiep la li nhuan. Cac rang buoc la cong suat may va nguon von chi tieu cho san xuat hang thang. V du: Mot doanh nghiep san xuat quan ao, co mot may san xuat quan va hai may san xuat ao. Cong suat toi a cua may san xuat quan la 5000 cai/ Thang. Cong xuat toi a cua may san xuat ao la 10000 cai/Thang. Tong von cong ty chi tieu cho san xuat hang thang la 500 trieu ong. Chi ph san xuat 1 quan la: 60000 /cai. Chi ph san xuat 1 ao la: 40000 /cai. Gia ban mot quan la: 100 000 /cai. Gia ban mot ao la 65 000 /cai. Muc tieu cua cong ty la toi a hoa li nhuan. Anh/Ch hay tnh so lng quan, so lng ao can thiet san xuat, va li nhuan hang thang cua cong ty. b. Cong cu giai bai toan:
SOLVER
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Solver la mot cong cu nam trong Tools, tren thanh Menu. Trong trng hp Excel cua cac Anh/Ch khong co Solver, xem phan 8.4. thao tac e a vao cong cu Solver cho Excel tren may mnh. c. S dung cong cu Solver e tnh lng san xuat toi u: Thao tac: B1. Tren Excel, thiet lap bang 8.4, trong o o b rang buoc la o C6 va o tnh li nhuan C8 phai lien ket cong thc. A
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Li nhuan =F3*(E3-D3) + F4*(E4-D4) Rang buoc chi ph sx =F3*D3+F4*D4 Quan Ao Cong suat /thang 5000 10000 C/p sx 1sp 60000 40000 Gia ban 100000 65000 So lng 0 0
BANG 8.4: Thiet lap bai toan B2. B3. Nhap chuot vao ch Tools tren thanh Menu. Nhap chuot vao ch Solver ..Khi o mot ca so se hien ra nh sau:
Hnh 8.5: Ca so nhap cac thong so Solver
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B4. B5. B6. B7. B8.
Nhap chuot vao o C8 khung Set Target Cell: Nhap chuot chon nut tron Max hang thong so Equal To: Nhan phm Tab e con tro nhay sang khung By Changing Cells Nhap chuot chon hai o F3 va F4 khung By Changing Cells e lam hai bien so. Nhap chuot vao nut Add, khi o mot ca so nh hnh 8.6 se hien ra cho phep chung ta nhap vao cac ieu kien rang buoc.
Hnh 8.6: Ca so nhap cac ieu kien rang buoc. Trong hnh 8.6 nay khung ben trai la o b rang buoc, khung ben phai la gia tr rang buoc, khung gia la ieu kien. V du: $C$6 <= 500 000 000 (Chi ph san xuat) $F$3 <= $C$3 (cong suat may san xuat quan) $F$4 <= $C$4 (cong suat may san xuat ao) $F$3 >= 0 (lng san xuat quan) $F$4 >= 0 (lng san xuat ao)
B9.
Nhap chuot vao o C6 khung ben trai; Cell Reference
B10. an vao so 500 000 000 khung ben phai Constraint Hai bc 9 va bc 10 a hoan tat viec nhap ieu kien rang buoc ve chi ph san xuat hang thang. B11. Nhap chuot vao nut Add e tiep tuc nhap bon ieu kien rang buoc con lai. B12. ieu kien rang buoc cuoi cung nhap chuot nut OK, khi o man hnh tr ve lai ca so hnh 8.5, vi ay u cac ieu kien rang buoc. B13. Nhap chuot vao nut Solve e Excel thc hien phep tnh, Anh/ Ch hay quan sat man hnh se thay cac o lng quan, ao va li nhuan thay oi. B14. Nhap chuot vao nut Close e ong ca so Solver lai va tr ve nen Excel, khi o mot mot ca so nh hnh 8.7 hien len.
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Hnh 8.7: Ca so hoi lu ket qua.
B15. Neu Anh/Ch muon lu lai ket qua ang hien tren man hnh th nhap chuot chon Keep Solver Solution con muon gi lai gia tr ban au th nhap chuot chon Restore Original Values. B16. Nhap chuot vao nut OK e ket thuc bai toan.
8.3. a cong cu Solver vao trong Tools Thao tac:

B1. B2. Nhap chuot vao ch Tools tren thanh menu. Nhap chuot vao ch Add-Ins, khi o mot ca so se hien ra nh hnh 8.8
Hnh 8.8: Ca so Add-Ins. B3. B4. Nhap chuot chon Solver Add-Ins. Nhap chuot vao nut OK, khi o trong Tools se co hang Solver.
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Bai 9. Mo phong bang Crystal Ball
BAI 9. PHAN TCH MO PHONG & CRYSTAL BALL

Thiet lap bai toan tnh Bai toan tnh: Trc tien Anh/ Ch hay tr lai xem xet bai toan tnh nh BANG 9.1. Mot ngi kinh doanh mot mat hang A vi gia mua : 8, gia ban : 10 => tien li = 10 8 = 2. Can lu y o tnh gia tr tien li ( o C4) phai la mot cong thc tnh t hai o , C2 va C3. Cong thc o C4 nh sau: = C3 C2 A 1 2 3 4 5 B Gia mua Gia ban Tien li C 8 10 2 D
BANG 9.1: Bai toan tnh Bai toan ong: Hay tnh tien li khi hoac gia mua thay oi va gia ban thay oi. Biet rang gia mua co dang phan phoi chuan, vi tr trung bnh la 8, o lech chuan la 1. Gia ban co dang phan phoi chuan, vi tr trung bnh la 10, o lech chuan la 1. Anh/ Ch hay chay mo phong Crystal Ball va hay cho biet kha nang lo la bao nhieu phan tram (%)?. Chuan b trc khi chay mo phong: Trc tien e co the chay c mo phong Crystal Ball, chung ta can phai lam hai viec: 1. Thiet lap bai toan tnh, nh mo ta ben tren. 2. a c phan mem Crystal Ball hien th tren Man hnh Excel. Trong trng hp tren Man hnh Excel cha co hien th Crystal Ball, Anh/ Ch xem hng dan cach a Crystal Ball len Man hnh Excel phan sau muc 9.6. Thanh Menu cua Man hnh Excel sau khi a c Crystal Ball len se co them ba chc nang mi la Cell , Run va CBTools. ong thi Crystal Ball cung them vao thanh cong cu mi vao Excel:
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Thao tac: Qua trnh chay mo phong Crystal Ball co the c chia lam 4 giai oan: 1. Khai bao bien gia thiet, bien ket qua (con goi la bien d bao) 2. Chay mo phong 3. Xem ket qua chay c 4. Lap bao cao va phan tch 1. Khai bao bien gia thiet, bien ket qua a. Khai bao bien gia thiet Gia mua: B1. Nhap chuot chon o C2 B2. Nhap chuot vao ch Cell tren thanh thc n (thanh Menu). Khi o mot ca so m ra. B3. Nhap chuot vao Define Assumption ..Khi o mot bang cac dang phan phoi se hien len nh hnh 9.1
Hnh 9.1: Cac dang phan phoi cua bien gia thiet (bien au vao). B4. Nhap chuot chon dang Normal (phan phoi chuan). B5. Nhap chuot vao nut OK, khi o mot man hnh hien ra nh hnh 9.2 cho phep chung ta a vao cac thong so cua phan phoi. B6. a vao gia tr trung bnh = 8 khung ca so Mean B7. a vao gia tr o lech chuan = 1 khung ca so Std Dev
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B8. Nhap chuot vao nut OK e hoan tat viec khai bao bien gia thiet Gia mua.
Hnh 9.2 : Cac thong so cua Phan phoi chuan (Normal) b. Khai bao bien gia thiet Gia ban: Tng t nh phan khai bao bien gia thiet Gia mua B1. Nhap chuot chon o C3 B2. Nhap chuot vao ch Cell tren thanh thc n (thanh Menu). Khi o mot ca so m ra. B3. Nhap chuot vao Define Assumption ..Khi o mot bang cac dang phan phoi se hien len nh hnh 9.1 B4. Nhap chuot chon dang Normal (phan phoi chuan). B5. Nhap chuot vao nut OK, khi o mot man hnh hien ra nh hnh 9.2 cho phep chung ta a vao cac thong so cua phan phoi. B6. a vao gia tr trung bnh = 10 khung ca so Mean B7. a vao gia tr o lech chuan = 1 khung ca so Std Dev B8. Nhap chuot vao nut OK e hoan tat viec khai bao bien gia thiet Gia ban. c. Khai bao bien ket qua (con goi la bien d bao): B1. Nhap chuot chon o C4 B2. Nhap chuot vao ch Cell tren thanh thc n (thanh Menu). Khi o mot ca so m ra.
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B3. Nhap chuot vao Define Forcast ..Khi o mot ca so hien ra cho phep chung ta nhap vao ten va n v cua bien ket qua hay con goi la bien d bao (khong nhap vao cung khong sao). B4. Nhap chuot vao nut OK, sau khi nhap vao ten va n v cua biet ket qua, hoan tat viec khai bao bien ket qua (bien d bao). 2. Chay mo phong a. Xac nh so lan chay B1. Nhap chuot vao ch Run tren thanh thc n (thanh Menu). Khi o mot ca so m ra. B2. Nhap chuot vao Run Preference .Mot ca so hien ra nh hnh 9.3
Hnh 9.3: Xac nh so lan chay B3. Go vao so lan muon chay ca so Maximum number of trials. V du: Go vao so 2000 e Crystal Ball thc hien 2000 lan mo phong. B4. Nhap chuot vao nut OK. b. Thc hien lenh chay B1. Nhap chuot vao ch Run tren thanh thc n (thanh Menu). Khi o mot ca so m ra.
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B2. Tiep tuc nhap chuot vao Run, khi o ca so chay mo phong se hien ra cung vi cac ket qua cua cac lan chay. Sau khi thc hien u so lan mo phong, ca so chay mo phong se dng lai. B3. Nhap chuot vao nut OK e ket thuc qua trnh chay mo phong, ket qua chay c se hien ra nh hnh 9.4
Hnh 9.4: Ket qua chay mo phong (Dang Bieu o Tan so) 3. Xem ket qua chay c Co nam dang e xem ket qua chay mo phong o la: Dang Thong ke (Statistics) Dang Phan tram (Percentiles) Dang Bieu o Tan so (Frequency Chart) Dang Bieu o Tch luy (Cumulative Chart) Dang Bieu o Tch luy Nghch ao (Reverse Cumulative Chart) Trong nam dang tren, that ra ch co bon dang au tien thong dung, con dang Bieu o Tch luy Nghch ao t thong dung. Dang Bieu o Tan so la dang mac nhien, ket qua mo phong cho ra sau khi chay, nh hnh 9.4. e xem cac dang khac, chung ta co the thc hien nh sau: a. Xem ket qua dang Thong ke B1. T ca so Ket qua mo phong (ca so Forcast) nh hnh 9.4, nhap chuot vao ch View tren thanh thc n. Khi o mot ca so m ra. Trong trng hp
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Anh/Ch l tat ca so Ket qua mo phong (ca so Forcast), co the m lai bang cach nhap chuot vao Run, sau o nhap chuot vao Forcast windows, cuoi cung la nhap chuot vao Open All Forcarsts. B2. Nhap chuot vao Statistics, khi o mot ca so Ket qua mo phong di dang Thong ke se m ra nh hnh 9.5.
Hnh 9.5: Ket qua mo phong dang Thong ke b. Xem ket qua dang Phan tram B1. T ca so Ket qua mo phong (ca so Forcast) nh hnh 9.5, nhap chuot vao ch View tren thanh thc n. Khi o mot ca so m ra. Trong trng hp Anh/Ch l tat ca so Ket qua mo phong (ca so Forcast), co the m lai bang cach nhap chuot vao Run, sau o nhap chuot vao Forcast windows, cuoi cung la nhap chuot vao Open All Forcarsts. B2. Nhap chuot vao Percentiles, khi o mot ca so Ket qua mo phong di dang Phan tram se m ra. c. Xem ket qua dang Bieu o Tan so B1. T ca so Ket qua mo phong (ca so Forcast) nh hnh 9.5, nhap chuot vao ch View tren thanh thc n. Khi o mot ca so m ra. Trong trng hp Anh/Ch l tat ca so Ket qua mo phong (ca so Forcast), co the m lai bang cach nhap chuot vao Run, sau o nhap chuot vao Forcast windows, cuoi cung la nhap chuot vao Open All Forcarsts.
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B2. Nhap chuot vao Frequency Chart, khi o mot ca so Ket qua mo phong di dang Bieu o Tan so se m ra nh hnh 9.4. d. Xem ket qua dang Bieu o Tch luy B1. T ca so Ket qua mo phong (ca so Forcast) nh hnh 9.5, nhap chuot vao ch View tren thanh thc n. Khi o mot ca so m ra. Trong trng hp Anh/Ch l tat ca so Ket qua mo phong (ca so Forcast), co the m lai bang cach nhap chuot vao Run, sau o nhap chuot vao Forcast windows, cuoi cung la nhap chuot vao Open All Forcarsts. B2. Nhap chuot vao Cumulative Chart, khi o mot ca so Ket qua mo phong di dang Bieu o Tch luy se m ra nh hnh 9.6
Hnh 9.6: Ket qua mo phong dang Bieu o Tch luy e. Xem Phan tram lo B1. T ca so Ket qua mo phong (ca so Forcast) nh hnh 9.5, nhap chuot vao ch View tren thanh thc n, khi o mot ca so m ra. B2. Nhap chuot vao Frequency Chart, e xem Ket qua mo phong di dang Bieu o Tan so nh hnh 9.4. B3. Nhap chuot vao khung ca so trang (co hien ch +Infinity) ben tay phai di Bieu o. B4. Xoa ch +Infinity, va anh vao so zero (so 0). B5. Go phm Enter, va quan sat thay Bieu o se hien th xac suat am, ong thi ben di, chnh gia bieu o se co khung Certainty cho ket qua xac suat am, nh hnh 9.7.
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Hnh 9.7: Bieu o hien th xac suat am Tren hnh 9.7, chung ta co the thay oi gia tr hai khung trang hai ben pha di bieu o, roi go phm Enter, e Crystal Ball tnh toan xac suat va ve bieu o cac khoang ma chung ta mong muon. 4. Lap bao cao va phan tch a. Lap bao cao n gian Mot cach n gian e lap bao cao o la trong qua trnh chung ta thc hien xem cac dang o th phan tren, nhng bieu o nao chung ta can in ra e bao cao, chung ta co the thc hien thao tac copy roi sau o dan bieu o va copy c vao nen Excel, ni se c viet bao cao. Nh vay trong v du tren, chung ta co the copy bieu o tan so cho xac suat lo (lenh copy: Ctrl + C) trong hnh 9.7 e dan vao v tr bat ky tren nen Excel (bang lenh Ctrl + V). b. Lap bao cao theo khuon mau Trong trng hp chung ta muon in ra tat cac, hay nhieu dang ket qua d bao cung luc, va muon bao cao ke ca dang phan phoi cua cac bien gia thiet. Khi o chung ta se thc hien bao cao theo khuon mau. Thao tac: B1. Nhap chuot vao ch Run tren thanh thc n, khi o mot ca so m ra. B2. Nhap chuot vao Create Report, khi o mot ca so nh hnh 9.8 se m ra.
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B3. Tren hnh 9.8, nhap chuot o vuong Forcasts, sau o chon cac dang ket qua d bao muon in ra bao cao. B4. Tren hnh 9.8, nhap chuot o vuong Assumptions, sau o chon cac thong so va o th cac bien gia thiet muon in ra bao cao.
Hnh 9.8: Tao Bao cao 5. Chay lai bai toan vi cac bien gia thiet va bien ket qua mi Trong trng hp, Anh/Ch muon chay lai bai toan vi cac bien gia thiet hay cac bien ket qua thay oi, chung ta phai xoa bo cac ket qua mo phong chay trc o, xoa bo cac bien ket qua (bien d bao), va cac bien gia thiet ma chung ta a khai bao trc o. Sau o mi thc hien khai bao lai cac bien gia thiet va bien ket qua nh giai oan 1 cua chay mo phong. Thao tac: B1. Nhap chuot vao ch Run tren thanh thc n, khi o mot ca so m ra. B2. Nhap chuot vao Reset e loai bo tat ca cac ket qua d bao trc o a chay trc o.
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B3. Nhap chuot vao ch Cell tren thanh thc n, khi o mot ca so m ra. B4. Nhap chuot vao Select All Forcasts, e chon tat ca cac bien ket qua. B5. Nhap chuot vao Clear Assumptions/Forcasts e xoa cac bien ket qua B6. Nhap chuot vao ch Cell tren thanh thc n, khi o mot ca so m ra. B7. Nhap chuot vao Select All Assumptions, e chon tat ca cac bien gia thiet. B8. Nhap chuot vao Clear Assumptions/Forcasts e xoa cac bien gia thiet. en ay, chung ta a hoan chnh viec xoa cac ket qua d bao, cac bien gia thiet va bien ket qua, va co the bat au cho mot bai toan mo phong mi, theo cac giai oan 1,2,3,4. 6. a Crystal Ball hien th tren Man hnh Excel. Trong trng hp may cua cac Anh/Ch cha cai phan mem Crystal Ball th phai cai vao phan mem Crystal Ball vao may trc khi Anh/Ch muon a phan mem nay vao man hnh Excel. Trong trng hp Anh/Ch a cai Crystal Ball, nhng tren man hnh Excel van khong hien len hai ch View va Run tren thanh thc n, khi o chung ta thc hien nh sau. Thao tac: Cach 1 Cach de nhat e cho Crystal Ball hien th trong Excel la m trc tiep t Start roi vao Programs, sau o vao Crystal Ball roi chon Crystal Ball. Crystal Ball se t ong m Excel va them cac nut cong cu cua no vao. Cach 2 B1. Nhap chuot vao ch Tools tren thanh thc n cua Excel, khi o mot ca so m ra. B2. Nhap chuot vao Add-Ins.. khi o mot ca so se hien ra nh hnh 9.9.
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Hnh 9.9: Ca so Add-Ins... B3. Nhap chuot chon khung Crystal Ball tren bang Add-Ins...nh Hnh 9.9. Trng hp khong thay khung Crystal Ball trong danh sach Add-Ins th nhan vao nut Browse, sau o tm en v tr cha phan mem Crystal Ball trong may (thong thng trong C:\>Program Files \ Crystal Ball) roi chon file CB.xla. Nhan OK.
Hnh 9.10: Ca so Browse B4. Nhap chuot vao nut OK, khi o tren thanh thc n cua man hnh Excel se xuat hien hai chc nang cua Crystal Ball la View va Run, va xin mi Anh/Ch nhap cuoc.

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Ch ng trnh Giang day Kinh te Fulbright

Tai lieu tham khao

Ky nang phan tch kinh te tren Excel

2. Tao bang tnh mi ................................................................................................... 6

4. S dung ham trong bang tnh............................................................................... 25

5. Ve o th tren bang tnh ....................................................................................... 36

7. Phan tch o nhay va Phan tch hoi qui............................................................... 70

8. Giai toan tren Excel ............................................................................................. 74

9. Mo phong Crystal Ball.......................................................................................... 82

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2. Thanh thc n (Menu bar)

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Microsoft Excel 97/2000

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: Dung e m mot tap tin mi.

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Microsoft Excel 97/2000

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Bai 2. Thao tac cho bang tnh mi

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Microsoft Excel 97/2000

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Bai 2. Thao tac cho bang tnh mi

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