536.423:504.062:502.5:504.

062
.., - . , . , ,
.., . . , . . .,



,
.
: , ,

. , , . ,

,
. , .
.

, , .
, ,
, ,
, - .
.
,
, . ., .

,
. ,

133

 . 10, 2009

,
[1-4].
[1]
M
y2
(z h) 2
(z + h) 2
exp( 2 ) exp(
q(x, y,z,H) =
) + exp(
) . (1)
2 y zu
2 y
2 2z
2 2z

q(x, y,z,h) x, y,z

M , h , u, 2y z2 . , , .
,
, ,
.
.
.
. , ,
.
l , . 1. , u . u(z) . ( x) . ,
,
134

.., ..

. 1. .

. 1

.
[1,2]. , u(z) , T(z) ,
. -
0 ,
u , L , z / L ( [1]) ut / L (
), z . u,0 z . u L u = u2 u1 T = T2 T1

u=

u
T
u2
,
, L= T
g T ln(z2 / z1 )
ln(z2 / z1 )

(2)

=0,4 - ; u ,T - ;
= (T2 + T1 ) / 2 - ; g .

135

 . 10, 2009

,
.
,
F , b . un . u
u = b1 u
un .
.
( 2 = 1 )
F = g(b n )Vni , Vni -
. .
Fc
Fc = Abun2rni2 , A ;
rni ,
Vni = 4 rni3 / 3 . Fn = Fc , Vni = V ,
, pn -
, V - . : V = 1 3 rni

1/ 3

3 pn
rni =

4 p

(3)

Fn = Fc
,
1/ 2

4 g
p
un = 1 n n rni
p b
3 A

(4)

n , b -
.

136

.., ..

zn = u t .
,
zn / z0

zn
'
B
=
x
z0 uln ( zn / z0 ) z0

(5)

z0 - ; B = b1 + un / u; x' - .

( 0.2 z / L 0.1 ).
(5) zn / z0 y = z / z0 . (5)
y lny =

'
x .
u z 0

(6)

lny y0,33 ,

zn = z0
x'
u z 0

0.75

(7)

x' = lnp , ..

znmax

= z0
lnp
u z 0

0.75

(8)

z
zn

cp

= z0

lnp
1.75 u z0

0.75

(9)

137

 . 10, 2009

x
(. 1).
z1 x

z1 = z0
x
u z 0

0.75

(10)

z2 ( x>l)

z2

= z0
(x lnp )
u z 0

0.75

(11)

z = 0.5 (z1 + z2 ).

(12)

, , . h = zmax .
h = h + z2 .
, x, (1).
, [5],

dn

.
M = 0.395 10 2 1 + 0.2 2 u1
ln ( z3 / z0 )
u1

(13)

- ; d - (); z3 = z - . 1

138

.., ..

. 2 1.
(
) d [5]

d =

p
,

p 1
p 1
p

(14)

p -
; p - ;
, , -
, .

, , , [6].
(1)(14) 2y , z2
, .
, , .

. 2 ()

. 2 ( ).
. , .

139

 . 10, 2009

, , .

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

140

.., .., ..

. .: , 1991. 278 .
.. . .: , 1979. 272 .
.., .. :
. 2- ., . . .: ,
1991. 256 .
/ . ..
. .: , 1987. 163 .
.., ..
,
. . . .: . 2005. .3.
.., .., ..
/ . .6
, 2007

.., ..