UTILISATION OF ELECTRICAL ENERGY

1) Transformer Basically the transformers consist of an iron core with coils wound on it. The core is made up of thin steel laminations about 0.35mm thick for 50Hz transformers. In order to reduce eddy current loss, the laminations are insulated from one another by thin layers of varnish.it has two windings one is called primary winding and another one is called secondary winding. Primary winding is connected to supply(to be transformed) and secondary winding is connected to the system utilizing the transformed voltage or load. that is shown in below figure.

i) Single-phase core-type transformer The constructional details of a single phase core type transformer are shown in below figure. Unlike in the case of shell type transformer there are only two limbs (left limb and right limb) in the case of core type transformer. The transformer core is made of laminated sheet steel as described in the case of shell type transformer.

The low voltage (LV) winding is divide in to two equal halves and one half is wound on the left limb and the other half on the right limb. Similarly the high voltage winding also divided in to two equal halves and one half is wound on the left limb and the other half on the right limb. The low voltage winding is closer to the iron core since it is easy to insulate the low voltage winding from the iron core. The high voltage winding is placed over the low voltage winding with sufficient spacing between them. The high voltage winding is always made the outer winding in order to minimize the problem of insulating the high voltage winding from the iron parts of the core.