Department of Mechanical Engineering University of the Philippines Diliman Quezon City, Philippines

ES 230 First Long Examination

Continuum Mechanics I Due: 31 August 2011

Problem A. The Cartesian coordinates (xi ) and the parabolic cylindrical coordinates (z i ) are related by x1 = a(z 2 z 1 ) x2 = 2a(z 1 z 2 )1/2 x3 = z 3 where a is a constant. 1. Determine the base vectors (gi , gi ) and the metric tensors (gij , g ij ) for the parabolic cylindrical coordinates. 2. Compute the Christoel symbols (ijk , i ). jk 3. Express the physical components of a second-order tensor A in terms of the tensor components Ai and the tensor components Aij . j Problem B. Consider the vector v = cos g1 sin g2 + z g3 r

in the cylindrical polar coordinates (r, , z). Determine the covariant derivatives vi|j and v i |j . Problem C. Show that, in cylindrical polar coordinates, the Laplacian of a scalar function (r, , z) is given by
2

1 2 2 2 1 + + 2 2 + 2. r2 r r r z

Note:

= |ij g ij = ,ij g ij ,j j g ik ki