ENGLISH

A/AN
Indefinite Articles Use 'a' with nouns starting with a consonant (letters that are not vowels), 'an' with nouns starting with a vowel (a,e,i,o,u)

EXAMPLES
A boy An apple A car An orange A house An opera NOTE: An before an h mute - an hour, an honor. A before u and eu when they sound like 'you': a European, a university, a unit

THE INDEFINITE ARTICLE IS USED To refer to something for the first time: An elephant and a mouse fell in love. Would you like a drink? I've finally got a good job. to refer to a particular member of a group or class

WITH NAMES OF JOBS: John is a doctor. Mary is training to be an engineer. He wants to be a dancer. WITH NATIONALITIES AND RELIGIONS: John is an Englishman. Kate is a Catholic. WITH MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS: Sherlock Holmes was playing a violin when the visitor arrived. (BUT to describe the activity we say "He plays the violin.") WITH NAMES OF DAYS: I was born on a Thursday

PLURALS/IREGULAR PLURALS
Usually form the plural in English with one 's'. one book - two books one car - two cars

EXCEPTIONS
If the word ends with 'sh', 'ch', 'ss', 'x' or 'z', add 'es'. one church - two churches one bus - two buses one box - two boxes

 Some names that end with 'o' are plurals with es'. one tomato - two tomatoes one hero - two heroes one potato - two potatoes

If the word ends with 'consonant + y', usually change the 'y' by an 'i' and add 'es'.
one baby - two babies one party - two parties one lady - two ladies

If the word ends with "vowel + y ', usually just add an' s'.
one day - two days one boy - two boys

If the word ends with an 'e', just add an 's'.

one name - two names

There are few exceptions that do not normally change in the plural, as 'fish', 'sheep' and nouns like 'money', 'water', 'wine' and so on. There are also irregular plurals:
one child - two children one woman - two women one person - two people one foot - two feet one mouse - two mice one tooth - two teeth