Sau y l mt s quy tc ni m: 1. Qui tc ph m ng trc nguyn m.

- Khi mt ph m ng trc mt nguyn m, bn c ni ph m vi nguyn m.

V d: check-in bn c lin thnh ['tek'in], fill-up c lin thnh ['filp] ch khng tch ri hai t.

- Cc t tn cng bng nguyn m khng c pht m.

V d: make-up c l ['meikp], come-on c l ['km,n]

- i vi nhng cm t vit tt.

V d: "MA"(Master of Arts) c l /em mei/ Tuy nhin khi mt ph m c gi ng trc nguyn m, trc khi bn ni vi nguyn m, bn phi chuyn ph m sang ph m khng gi tng ng. V d "laugh" c pht m l /f/ tn cng, nhng nu bn dng trong mt cm t nh "laugh at someone", bn phi chuyn m /f/ thnh /v/ v c l /la:v vt/. Mi cc bn luyn tp quy tc ni m khi ph m ng trc nguyn m trong cc v d sau: Words wall-eye pull-off hold on full-automatic catch-all break-up liaison ['w:l'ai] ['pulf] [hould n] ['ful:t'mtik] ['kt:l] ['breikp]

2. Qui tc nguyn m ng trc nguyn m Khi mt nguyn m ng trc nguyn m bn s thm mt ph m vo gia 2 nguyn m ni. C 2 quy tc thm ph m nh sau:

- i vi nguyn m trn mi (khi pht m, mi bn nhn ging hnh ch "O"), v d: "OU", "U",
"AU",... bn cn thm ph m "W" vo gia. V d "USA" s c c l /ju wes sei/.

Mi cc bn tham kho bng v d sau:

too often c l tooWoften

who is whoWis

so I soWI

do all doWall

- i vi nguyn m di mi (khi pht m, mi bn ko di sang 2 bn), v d: "E", "I", "EI",... bn thm ph m "Y" vo gia. V d VOA (Voice of America) /vi you wei/. Tng t ta c cc v d:

I am c l IYam

Kay is KayYis

the end theYend

she asked sheYasked

3. Qui tc ph m ng trc ph m Khi c 2 hay nhiu hn ph m cng nhm ng gn nhau, ch c 1 ph m m thi. V d:

- "want to" (bao gm 3 ph m N, T, T cng nhm sau rng ng gn nhau) s c c l

/won n/*.

- "going to" s c c l ['gn] (3 ph m N,G,T ng gn nhau).

Sau khi tham kho nhng v d trn, mi cc bn nghe v nhc li theo audio sau: Ch : nghe v nhc li nhiu ln c th to thnh phn x t nhin khi gp nhng tnh hung nh vy. 4. Cc trng hp c bit

- Ch U hoc Y, ng sau ch ci T, phi c pht m l /ch/:

V d: not yet ['not chet]

mixture ['mikst]

- Ch ci U hoc Y, ng sau ch ci D, phi c pht m l /dj/:

V d: education [,edju:'kein]

- Ph m T, nm gia 2 nguyn m v khng l trng m, phi c pht m l /D/:

V d: tomato /tou'meidou/ I go to cinema /ai gou d sinim/.

- Him, her, them khng ch c mt cch c thng thng nh ngi hc ting Anh thng s
dng, mi t u c hai cch c khc nhau: C ph m u (khi pha trc l mt nguyn m) Khng c ph m u (khi pha trc l mt nguyn m - v trong trng hp ny, ta c th ni). V d: take him = ta + k + (h) im = ta + kim gave her = gay + v + (h) er = gay + ver Cc bn hy chm ch rn gia hng ngy c ging ni v c ting Anh tht sc, chun hay s hu ging ht ting Anh mt m nh Lauren Christy trong on trch bi ht The Color of the night nh. Mi cc bn cng th gin v n li nhng g hc bn nh!

Nut m l s lc b i mt hoc nhiu m (c th l nguyn m, ph m hoc c m tit) trong mt t hoc mt cm t khin cho ngi ni pht m d dng hn. Hnh ng nut m thng xy ra t nhin khng ch nh nhng cng c th c s cn nhc. comfortable / 'kmftbl / / 'kmftbl / fifth him chocolate / fif / / him / / 'tklt / / fi / / im / / 'tklt /

vegetable

/ 'vedtbl /

/ 'vedtbl /

Khi c hai hay nhiu ph m i vi nhau, s xut hin khuynh hng nut m khi c. C nhng trng hp s nut m s ko theo m tit trong t s b gim: word/combination asked lecture desktop hard disk kept quiet kept calling kept talking at least twice straight towards next to want to seemed not to notice for the first time Ch : Trong ting Anh, c mt s m thng c lc b: - Ph m v trong of khi n ng trc ph m. o V d: lots of them / lts v m / => / lts m / - Nhng m yu sau p, t, k (thng l m ). o Potato / p'teit / => / p'teit / o Tomato / t'm:t / => / t'm:t / o Canary / k'neri / => /k'neri / - Ph m gia trong nhm ph m thc tp no elision [:skt] [lkt] [dsktp] [h:ddsk] [kptkwat] [kptko:l] [kptto:k] [tli:sttwas] [stettwo:dz] [nkstt] [wntt] [si:mdnttnts] [ff:sttam] elision [:st] [lk] [dstp] [h:dsk] [kpkwat] [kpko:l] [kpto:k] [tli:stwas] [stetwo:dz] [nkst] [wnt] [si:mntnts] [ff:stam]

o Looked back / lktbk / => / lkbk / o Acts / kts / => / ks / By gi cc bn phn no hiu c v sao phi nut m khi hc ting Anh ri nh. Hy th luyn tp vi cc t vng v cc nhm t trn m khng nut m, chc chc s l rt phin toi. Chc cc bn hc tp tt!

Ni t trong ting Anh

Posted on June 9, 2007 by trieule c lm author m t trc n gi cha vit bi no c, hm nay mnh vit mt vi iu v pht m (pronunciation) v cch ni t (linking). Nh hi trc, khi nghe ni n ni m l mnh rt s. Tuy nhin sau ny khi hiu nhiu hn v pht m, th mnh nhn ra l vic ni m l rt t nhin. V cc nguyn m (vowels) v ph m (consonants), mnh hay ngi no s bn vo dp khc, y ch tm tt mt t thi. Trong ting Anh c cc m ngn v m di. Cc m di l cc m nh: e trong he, ay trong say, oy trong toy, Cc m ngn l cc m nh: i trong hit, e trong bet, a trong have, . c mt t trong ting Anh, ta phi c tt c cc ph m v nguyn m ca t (khi ni trong mt cu th c th rt b bt ty theo tnh hung, mnh khng bn chuyn y), hiu c iu ny, bn s thy l vic ni t rt l t nhin. Xem cc v d sau. 1) m e di l m trong cc t: he, we, me, sea, she, By gi, c cc t heat, weed, meat, seed, sheet, bn s ghp nh sau: heat = he + t, weed = we + d, meat = me + t, . Nh vy, c heat, trc tin phi c he, sau thm t cui. Ting Vit mnh khng c m cui, v vy nhiu ngi Vit khi c ting Anh, khng c m cui, v l mt l do lm cho vic giao tip vi ngi nc ngoi gp kh khn. Ch rng trong ting Vit, cch c khc vi cch c ca ting Anh. V d, xem hai t th v tht, vn i v vn it c cch c khc nhau, tht khng ging nh th + t. y l cch nhn ca mnh, nu ai c kin khc th xin cho bit. 2) T vi cc nguyn m khc cng tng t. V d, c train, bn phi c tray trc, ri thm n cui: tray = train + n. Vi v d khc: gate = gay + t,

waste = way + st, mine = my + n, break = bray + k, broke = bro + k, work = were + k, . By gi, sau khi bit cch c t nh trn, bn c th d dng ni t nh sau: break up = bray + k + up = bray + kup, get an A = ge + t + an + A = ge + ta + nA take it or leave it = ta+k + it + or + lee + v + it = ta + kit + or + lee + vit, V d sau c th lm bn bt ng : cc t him, her, them khng ch c mt cch c nh bn ngh; mi t u c hai cch c: c ph m u (khi pha trc l mt nguyn m) v khng c ph m u (khi pha trc l mt nguyn m v trong trng hp ny, ta c th ni). Nh vy: take him = ta + k + (h) im = ta + kim, gave her = gay + v + (h) er = gay + ver, .

1. Ph m ng trc nguyn m V nguyn tc, khi c mt ph m ng trc mt nguyn m, c ni ph m vi nguyn m. V d mark up, bn c lin ch khng tch ri 2 t (/ma:k k p/). Tuy nhin, iu ny khng phi d, nht l i vi nhng t tn cng bng nguyn m khng c pht m, v d: leave (it) c l /li:v vit/; Middle (East), /midl li:st/, Hoc i vi nhng cm t vit tt, v d LA (Los Angeles) phi c l /el lei/; MA (Master of Arts), /em mei/ Lu : khi mt ph m c gi ng trc nguyn m, trc khi bn ni vi nguyn m, bn phi chuyn ph m sang ph m khng gi tng ng. V d laugh c pht m l /f/ tn cng, nhng nu bn dng trong mt cm t, v d laugh at someone, bn phi chuyn m /f/ thnh /v/ v c l /la:v vt/. 2. Nguyn m ng trc nguyn m

iu ny c th rt mi m vi nhiu ngi. V nguyn tc, bn s thm mt ph m vo gia 2 nguyn m ni. C 2 quy tc thm ph m nh sau: - i vi nguyn m trn mi (khi pht m, mi bn nhn ging hnh ch O , v d: OU, U, AU, bn cn thm ph m W vo gia. V d do it s c c l /du: wit/. - i vi nguyn m di mi (khi pht m, mi bn ko di sang 2 bn) v d: E, I, EI, bn thm ph m Y vo gia. V d: "I ask s c c l /ai ya:sk/. Bn th p dng 2 quy tc ny pht m: USA /ju wes sei/, VOA /vi you wei/, XO /eks sou/, 3. Ph m ng trc ph m V nguyn tc, khi c 2 hay nhiu hn ph m cng nhm ng gn nhau, th ch c 1 ph m m thi. V d want to (bao gm 3 ph m N, T, T cng nhm sau rng ng gn nhau) s c c l /won n/. 4. Cc trng hp c bit - Ch U hoc Y, ng sau ch ci T, phi c pht m l /ch/, vd: not yet /not chet/; picture /pikch/. - Ch ci U hoc Y, ng sau ch ci D, phi c pht m l /dj/, vd: education /edju:kein/. - Ph m T, nm gia 2 nguyn m v khng l trng m, phi c pht m l /D/, vd. trong t tomato /toumeidou/; trong cu I go to school /ai gou d sku:l/. LUT NI M TRONG TING ANH

@INTERNATIONAL PHONETIC SYMBOLS( PHIN M QUC T ): Chia lm 2 nhm: + Vowels( Nguyn m )=A, E, I, O, U, (sometimes Y)

-Simple vowels(Nguyn m n): a:/a -c l a(di/ngn) /e -c l e(di/ngn) i:/ i -c l i(di/ngn) u:/u -c l u(di/ngn) :/ -c l (di/ngn) :/ -c l o(di/ngn) -Diphthongs(Nguyn m i): /a/ c l ai: Like /au/ c l au: Now /u/ c l u: Go /i/ c l i: Hear /e/ c l e: Hair /e/ c l ei: Gate // c l oi: Toy /u/ c l u: Sure + Consonants( Ph m ): Chia lm 3 nhm(c gn nh ting Vit) -Lips(m pht ra mi): /f, v/, /b, p/, /m/ -Throat( m pht ra hng ): /g, k/, /h/, //, /kw/ -Behind the teeth(m pht ra sau rng ): /d, t/, /l/, /n/, /s, z/, /, /, /, /, /, / @C 4 CC NI M: + CONSONANT + VOWEL= Link them( Ni qua):An apple, Come on, That I, Wash it, Post office + V1 + V2= MAKE DIPHTHONG WITH Y OR W -If V1(/i/ or /i:/->A/E/I/Y) c ni vi Y: The apples, She is, Very interesting -If V1(/u/ or /u:/->O/U) c ni vi W: Go away, Who is, So interesting + C + C: 2 Cases -BLEND THEM( Trn li khi cng nhm m ): Ive been, Bumper, Late twice, Own skin -PAUSE IN BETWEEN( Ngng gia khi khc nhm m ): I sleep late, Run fast, She denied clicking + t bit:

T + Y(U)=CH() Not you, Mutually, Ritual D + Y(U)=J(=TR) Shedule, Modulation S + Y(U)= SH() Are you sure?, Assure Z + Y(U)=ZH() Close your door, Wheres your pen?
c ng bi Joseph Tran vo lc 02:48