.

2008


...................................................... 2
......................................................... 6
......................................................... 7
................................................................................. 9
. ................................................................................... 11
. ............................... 12
1. ..................................... 12
1.1 ....................................... 13
2. 14
2.1 ............................................................................................... 14
2.2................................................................................................... 15
2.3 ............................................................................................ 16
2.4 ..................................................................................................... 16
2.5 ............................................................................................... 16
3. ............................................................................................................ 17
3.1 ..................................................................... 17
3.2 .............................................. 18
3.3 ............................................................................ 18
3.4 - .................... 18
4. ................................................................................................. 20
4.1 ...................................................................... 20
4.2 ................................................................. 21
4.3 ............................................................................... 22
5. ............................. 22
6. .......................................................................................................... 23
6.1 ......................................................................... 23
6.2 ......................................................... 25
6.3 ........................................................................ 26
6.4 .......................................................... 26
6.5 ....................................................................... 28

6.6 ....................................................................... 29

. ............................................................. 31
1. ........................................................................................... 31
2. ......................................................... 32
2.1. ................................................................. 32
2.2. ..................................................................... 32
2.2.1. ............ 32
2.2.2. ................... 33
2.2.2.1. .................................................................... 33
2.2.3. pH ....................................................... 33
2.2.4. (EC) ......... 34
2.2.5. CaCO3 ................................................................................... 34
2.2.5.1. .................................................................... 34
3. ....................................... 35
4. ............................................................................. 35
4.1. ................................................................................................. 35
4.2. ............................................................... 37
4.2.1. .................................................... 37
4.2.2. ......................................................... 38
4.2.3. ..................................................... 38
4.2.4. ........................ 38
4.2.5.

1 ( 2006) 2
( 2007). ...................................................................... 38
4.3. ......... 39
4.3.1. .. 39
4.3.2. .................. 40
4.3.3.
(Ca, K, Mg, Mn, Fe, Zn, P, N) .............................. 41
4.4. ................... 41
4.4.1. 41
4.4.2. ............................. 42

. .......................................... 43
3

1. (02/05/2006) ................................................................................... 43
1.1 Fuerte Hass ...................................................................... 43
2. (28/05/2006) ........................................................................... 45
2.1 Fuerte ...................................................................................... 45
2.2 Hass......................................................................................... 45
3. 1 (02/07/2006)................................................................... 46
3.1 Fuerte ...................................................................................... 46
3.2 Hass......................................................................................... 47
4. 2 (06/08/2006)................................................................... 47
4.1 Fuerte ...................................................................................... 47
4.2 Hass......................................................................................... 48
5.
(06/08/2006) .......................................................................................................... 49
5.1 Fuerte Hass ..................................................................... 49
6. ( 2007) ............................................ 50
6.1 Fouerte.................................................................................... 50
6.2 Hass ........................................................................................ 50
7.
( 2006).................................................................................. 51
7.1 Fouerte ....................................................................................... 51
7.2 Hass............................................................................................ 51
8.
( 2007)........................................................ 52
8.1 Fouerte ....................................................................................... 52
8.2 Hass............................................................................................ 52
9. (Ca, K, Mg, Mn, Fe, Zn, P,
) ...................................................................... 53
9.1 Fuerte ......................................................................................... 53
9.2 Hass............................................................................................ 54
10. () .................. 54
10.1 Fuerte ....................................................................................... 54
10.2 Hass.......................................................................................... 55
11. (mol/g FW)
................................................................................................. 55
4

11.1 Fuerte ....................................................................................... 55

11.2 Hass.......................................................................................... 56
12. 2
(17/09/07) ................................................. 57
12.1 Fuerte ....................................................................................... 57
12.2 Hass.......................................................................................... 58
. ....................................................................................... 59
. ................................................................................................. 61
................................................................................................ 63


1.

Hass ................................................... 12

2.

Fuerte................................................. 12

3.

....................... 31
4.

................................................................ 36

5.

........................................ 36

6.

........................... 36

7.

.................................................................................... 39
8.

.............................................................. 39


1.

.............................................................................................. 13

2. .............................. 14
3.
.................... 14
4.
............................................................................... 19
5. .... 20
6.
........................... 23
7.
0-30 ................................................................ 35
8. ....................................... 37
9. .

Fuerte ................................................................................. 43
9. .

Fuerte ................................................................................. 44
10. .

Hass.................................................................................... 44
10. .

Fuerte .......................................................................................... 44
11. . (%)
Fuerte (02/05/2006) .................................................................... 44
11. . (%)
Hass (02/05/2006)....................................................................... 45
12.
Fuerte ....................................................................................... 45

 13.
Hass........................................................................................... 46
14. 1
(02/07/2006) Fuerte ............................................................. 46
15. 1 (02/07/2006)
Hass ...................... 47
16. 2 (06/08/2006)
Fuerte .................... 48
17. 2 (06/08/2006)
Hass ...................... 48
18.

Fuerte .......................................................................................... 49
19.

Hass ............................................................................................ 49
20. 1
( 2007)
Fuerte ........................................................ 50
21. 1
( 2007)
Hass............................................................ 51
22. (%)
Fuerte
( 2006) ........................................................................................... 51
23. (%)
Hass
( 2006) ........................................................................................... 52
24. (%)
Fuerte
( 2007) ......................................................................................... 52
25. (%)
) Hass
( 2007) ......................................................................................... 53
8

 26.
(Ca, K, Mg, Mn, Fe, Zn, P, N, ) Avocado,
Fuerte ................... 53
27.
(Ca, K, Mg, Mn, Fe, Zn, P, N, ) Avocado,
Hass ...................... 54
28.
() ,
( , , ) Fuerte .............. 55
29.
() ,
Hass.................................................................................... 55
30.
(mol/g FW)
Fuerte ................................................................................. 56
31.
(mol/g FW)
Hass.................................................................................... 57
32. Fuerte
2 (17/09/07).............................. 57
33. Hass
2 (17/09/07).............................. 58



.
,

23
23-26 2007.
. ,
,
, . ,
.
, , . ,
,
.

.
.

10

.
(Persea Americana) Lauraceae ()
(Crane)
,
Hass Fuerte.
,
, 1601, 1650
1850.
(Morton, 1987).
,
. 330% (
, 1985), , 2-3%,
0,5-2%, ( 0), 1,2-1,5%,
( A, B C) 100. 207 .
, 15 ,

.

1970. 4.000
, 4.000 3.500
(, 2000).

,
. ,


( , ,
, ..),
(, 2000).


,
Fuerte. ,
, ,
11


(Bergh 196, Loupassaki et al. 1995, 1997).
,
Fuerte,
, (
1995, Lahav et al. 1971a, 1971b: Ibrahim et al. 1970).
,
, , ,

Hass Fuerte 1 & 2 .

1. Hass.

2. Fuerte.

.
1.
, Persea Americana Miller, Lauraceae
Mangoliales. (Laurus nobilis
L.), (Umbellularia californica Nutt.),
(Cinnamomum camphora nees & Ebem.) Cinnamomum zeylanicum
Blume .
Persea (2n=24 ) 50 ,
,
. ,
,
Persea ,
12


.
Persea
Persea indica, Persea borbonia, Perse floccose, Persea longipes, Persea
nubigena, Persea schiedeana, Persea skutchii.
1.1
: ,
. .

, ,
, , , ...
1.
1. .

(2400-2800.).

(800-2400).

(<800.).

( 225.)

(500-900.).

).

, ,

, ,

<1mm.

2mm.

2-5mm.
.

6-8

12-16

6-8

-6 C.

-4,5 C.

-2,2C.

CaCO3

13



2 3.
2. .

Bacon

Anaheim

Fuchsia Fuchus

Duke

Benik

Pollock

Ganter

Dickinson

Simmonds

Mexicola

Edranol

Trapp

Scott

Hass

Waldin

Steward

Hickson

Susan

Nabal

Topa-Topa

Reed

Zutano
Yama

3.
.
&

&

Fuerte

Booth 7

Ettinger

Booth 8

Rincon

Lula

Ryan

Monroe

2.
20 .

6 15 .
2.1

.

,
.

14

 ,

. ,
.
.
,
.
.
.
.

. Gregoriou Kumar (1982)
. : ,
, , .
,
50cm. - .
2.2
.
. , ,
6-30cm.
,
,
.
(Abacatine)
.

15

2.3
( )
.
.

. ,
, .
2.4
. 80%
60cm.
.

.
2.5

. ,
. 7-21
cm 7-11cm. ,
, .
,
, .

Hass, .
( ),
.

, ,
, .

16

 (3-30%) ,
.
,
2 3 .
, ,
, .
.
,
.
6 (..
Hass, Reed 12 ).
3.
3.1
, 0,5-1,5cm .
.
() .
1000 ,
, 0,1-1
.
3 3 5
. ,
.
, .
9 :
3 6.
3 ( )
. 2

.
, .

17

3.2
6
2
.
.
,
.
.
3.3

.
,
. 1 4 .
6-8
12 .

.

, .


,
.
3.4 -

(Loupassaki, 1989).

18

 , ,
,
,
.
: , , ,
90
,
. , ,
, ,
( 4).
. ,
45 .
.

( )
(, 2000).
( 5).

,
.
,

( 1).

( ).
4. .

--------------------

--------------------

--------------------

--------------------

19

 , ,

.

, ,
,
.
5. .

Anaheim

Bacon

Benic

Booth 3,5,7,8

Dickinson

Ettinger

Duke

Fuerte

Hass

Mabal

Mac Arthur

Zutano

Mexicala
Reed
Topa-Topa
Yama

,
, ,
(
>21 C, >15 C, >65%)
.
4.
4.1
, ,
.
,

20

.
.
.

.


,
.
,
,


.


,
.

(
) .
4.2

,
.
.

. Heinicke (1923)



2,55 1,5 gr .
21


.
.

/
.
, .
4.3
,
.
,
.
.
.

.
5.
,
.

.
,
(Standards)
, 6.

22

 6.
.

( )

(
)

()

1,6

1,6-2,0

2,0

0,05

0,08-0,25

0,3

()

0,35

0,75-2,0

3,0

0,5

1,0-3,0

4,0

0,15

0,25-0,8

1,0

()

Ppm

10-20

50-100

100

(Fe)

Ppm

20-40

50-200

400

Ppm

10-15

30-500

1000

Ppm

10-20

30-150

300

()

(Ca)

(Mg)

(Mn)

(Zn)

6.
6.1

/
.
,
.
, ,

,
, ,

23


.

.
,

.


. ,
,
.
(Coit, 1921, Hodgson &
Cameron, 1935, , 1995), (, 1968, Sidlowski
..,1971, Tafazoli, 1977), (Fischler M. .., 1983, Monselise ..,
1972, Wallerstein .., 1974, Goldshmidt .., 1982, Cohen, 1984, Erner, 1988),
(Lavee .., 1983, Gezerel, 1990), (Dennis & Edgerton, 1966, Ferree
&Palmer, 1982), (Winston & Wright, 1984), (Menzel &Paxton,
1986), (Andersen & Brodbeck, 1988, North .., 1988, Evert &
Smittle, 1990), ,
.
, ,

.

.
, ,
.
, ,
.

.

, ,
24

 (Kobel,
1962). (1984)
. ,

(, 1968).
, ,

.
.
6.2

,

.

.
,

(Ticho, 1971).
, ,
.

Fuerte (Ticho, 1971, Lahav,
1971a), Nabal (Lahav .., 1986)
(Ticho, 1971), Ettinger (Ticho, 1971)
Lahav .., 1971a) Benik Anaheim
(Ticho, 1971).
(Gregoriou, 1989) Fuerte (
) ()
,
. (Hodgson & Cameron, 1935)

25


.
(Ibrahim & Bahlool, 1970) Fuerte 5
,
. , ,
, (
, ) .
6.3

.. (El-Kassas .., 1988),
(Crane & Nelson, 1972), (Menzel & Paxton, 1986)
(Day & Dejong, 1990). ,
,
Sunset/ M27 2 (Priestley,
1976a),
.
Fuerte (Ibrahim & Bahlool, 1970)

.
2cm 1cm.

(Ticho, 1971),
(Schneider, 1954), (Casini, 1958), ..
6.4

,
(Wallerstein .., 1973, Erner, 1989), (Priestley, 1976a & 1976b),
(Evert & Smittle, 1990), (Cormack & Bate, 1976),
(Marquard, 1987), (Ticho, 1971).

26

 Priestley (1976b),
,
.
13% 25%
.
,
.
, .


.

N, P, K. ,

.

35,25-35 7-29% N, P, K .

, N
P
( )
. N, P, K
Mg, Zn, Mn Fe
(Day & Dejong, 1990),
. Lahav
(1971b) Fuerte Ettinger

N, P, Ca,
Mg, Mn Zn. Erner (1989)
.
Pristley (1876b) ,
Ca
( 30-47%).
( )
27

 Ca
.

.
6.5

Kobel

(1962),

( 1-3cm),
5
, ,

.

, ,

.
Kobel (1962)
, ,
.

.


.


(Kobel, 1962).
, ,
.

.
.
28


.
. Lahav et al, (1971a, 1971b)
Fuerte 60-85
.
.
Fuerte 2-3 ( , )
Ibrahim Bahlool (1970) ,
, .
Fuerte 3 (Lahav
.., 1986)

, , ,
. , ,

(Lahav .., 1986).

(Malo, 1971).
6.6

. Noel (1970)
.

.
Coit (1921)

. Hodgson Cameron (1935)
Fuerte
, .

. Lahav (1971a)
,
29

 Fuerte Benik. , ,
Pollock Taylor, 7mm,
,
, (Malo, 1971). , ,
.
Hass, Ettinger Nabal
(Lahav .., 1971a)
Simmonds Ruehle (Malo, 1971).
Ibrahim Bahlool (1970) 2
1 .


. Trochoulias
ONeil (1976),
Fuerte
,
.
Gregoriou (1989) Fuerte
( )
( )
()
.
.. (Lider, .., 1959).
, , ,
, .

30

.
1.

, 20 .
350 . 1986 20
Fuerte Hass
350 300 Fuerte 50 Hass.
7x7 . .
2004, 18
, 0,5

2004 .

3.
( Fuerte,
Hass) .

31

 10
Fuerte, 12-13
10 Hass 10-11 ( 3).
2
,
25 - 35 cm.
Fuerte 2 3
Hass 2,5 3,5 .
, (5-6 cm)
50 cm .
2.
2.1.

.
2.2.
2.2.1.

30 . 35
- .
30 .

1Kgr.

30 35

C,

, .
.
, pH,
EC ( )
32

(CaCO3).
.
2.2.2.
50 gr .
100ml sodium polyphosphate.
.
mixer 1000 ml
. methanol
40 sec
.
.
2.2.2.1.
: 40 sec - 5.5 = A
A*2=B
100 B = %
: 2 5.5 =
* 2 = %
: 100 = %
2.2.3. pH
15 gr 60 ml
30 ml H2O.
15 .
pH
pH 4.0 pH 7.0.

33

2.2.4. (EC)
, 100 gr,
H2O .
4000
E.C. .
2.2.5. CaCO3
5 gr
125 ml (14,2118 gr )
2 .
. 10 ml 50 ml.
5 ml 3 H2SO4 ( H2SO4
) 70 oC.
50 ml 10 ml 5 ml
H2SO4. 70 oC ().
0.1 N KMnO4
.
2.2.5.1.
CaCO3 :
CaCO3 gr % = ( V V) x 1.25
: V KMnO4 10 ml
C2O4(NH4)2 .
V KMnO4

10 ml

1.25 1 ml 0.1 N KMnO4
.

7.

34

 7. 0-30 .

(cm)

0 30

PH

5,8

EC (mmhos)

1,3

CaCO3 (%)

0,35

3. -
, -
. 1kg
1kg . ,
( ) , .

.
4.
4.1.
,
10
Fuerte 10 Hass.
3 .
, 5-6 cm,
( 0,5 m).

.
4 2006
. (
4),

35

, 1,5 - 2 mm, ,
. 0,5 - 1 cm
5 - 6 cm.
.
, 4,5 cm,
.

4.

,
, 1 2006, ,
.
, .
20 , 10 Fuerte 10 Hass (
5&6).

5.

6.

36

4.2.

.
4.2.1.

.
,
,
04/03/2006 I
, 01/04/2006
II, .

,
.
.
2 2006, II
I.
2
8. .

37

4.2.2.


.
20 ( 10 Fuerte
10 Hass), , ( ,
). 28 2006,
I I.
4.2.3.

,

( , ). 2
2006, I
I 6 2006,
I I.
4.2.4.
,

( , )
Fuerte Hass,
2007.
4.2.5.
1
( 2006) 2 ( 2007).

.
38


. 2006
2007.

7. ,

8.

4.3.
4.3.1.


. , 23
2006, I
I, , .
12 20 , 6
(Fuerte Hass). ,
( ,
).
, , ,
. 36 .
,
.


.

39

 75C 48 .
36 ,
.

.
.
4.3.2.
, . 0,5 gr
,

() 500C 5 .

Azomethine-H (Wolf, 1971). ,
10 ml 0,1 N HCl .
. 2 ml (
0,1 N HCl)
4 ml
4ml Azomethine-H.
(PH=5,1) 15 gr Na2EDTA
400 ml , 250 gr
125 ml . Azomethine-H
0,45 gr Azomethine-H 1 gr 100 ml .
, 30 45
AzomethineH 420 nm.

,

g.gr-1 .. (ppm). ,
.

40

4.3.3.
(Ca, K, Mg, Mn, Fe, Zn, P, N)
0,5 gr , 36 ,
()
550C 5 .
3 ml 6N HCl .
.

50 ml.
36
Ca, K,
Mg, Mn, Fe Zn
.
.
50 ml, ,
2 - 4 ml ( )

()

(Page et all., 1982).

470 nm.
Kjeldahl.
g.gr-1 .. (%), g.gr-1 .. (ppm).
4.4.
4.4.1.

12 (6
Hass 6 Fuerte), 36 ,
.
, 50 75 % .
,
41

 .
.
,
,
.
, 0,1 gr
25 ml
(6 x 3 x 2 ). 10 ml 80 %
, , 60 C 30
, Khon (2000).
15 ml 80 %
. 80 % (1 ml
: 4 ml ).
4.4.2.

) )
2 ml (0,5 gr
250 ml ).
.
2 ml .
, 90 C 15 . ,
,
625 nm, .
.

42

.
1. (02/05/2006)
1.1. Fuerte Hass
( 9 ,9 10 ,10)
.
, Fuerte,
( 9),

( 9). , Hass,
( 10) ,
( 10).
Hass,
,
(. 3.2., .47)
, (. 2.2., .45)
.
, ,
,
(. 6.2., .50)
2
(.12., .57)
9.
Fuerte.

(%)

53,87

55,19

61,60

43

 9.
Fuerte.

(%)

46,13

44,81

38,40

10.
Hass.

(%)

59,16

52,80

43,54

10.
Hass.

(%)

40,84

47,20

56,46

11 11

, Fuerte Hass.
11 . (%) Fuerte
(02/05/2006).

..

..

..

..

29,07

12,55

8,26

3,99

31,45

9,45

14,29

24,87

21,70

13,47

1,56

44

 11 . (%) Hass
(02/05/2006).

..

..

..

..

21,02

22,07

9,93

6,14

19,73

23,03

7,60

2,44

22,69

12,20

1,75

6,90

2. (28/05/2006)
2.1. Fuerte
( 12)
Fuerte
(, ,
).
12. Fuerte.

/ (.. ..**)

1,010,22a*

1,210,39a

1,240,30a

* (P=0,05).
**

2.2. Hass
Hass ( 13)

,
(, ). ,

45

 .
( 13).

(Hodgson & Cameron,
1935).
13. Hass.

/ (..
..)

2,200,39a*

4,550,76b

2,270,45a

* (P=0,05).

3. 1 (02/07/2006)
3.1. Fuerte
( 14)
/ ( 2 2006)
Fuerte.
14. 1 (02/07/2006)
Fuerte.

1 (
/)
(.. ..)

1,010,19a*

0,890,35a

1,070,26a

* (P=0,05).

46

3.2. Hass
Hass ( 15)

(, ).
(2 2006)

.
15. 1 (02/07/2006)
Hass.
1 (

/)
(.. ..)

1,540.26a*

3,270,68b

1,240,28a

* (P=0,05).

4. 2 (06/08/2006)
4.1. Fuerte
/
( 6 2006)
Fuerte ( 16) .

47

 16. 2 (06/08/2006)
Fuerte.

2 (

/)
(.. ..)

0,050,01a*

0,020,02a

0,010,01a

* (P=0,05).

4.2. Hass
( 17) Hass /
( 6
2006)

.
17. 2 (06/08/2006)
Hass.

2 (
/) (.. ..)

0,150,09a*

0,000,00a

0,000,00a

* (P=0,05).

48

5.
(06/08/2006)
5.1. Fuerte Hass
, 4
2006 ( ) , 1
2006 ( ),
(Fuerte
Hass)( 18, 19).
18.
Fuerte.

(.. ..)

0,090,03a*

0,150,05a

0,280,10a

* (P=0,05).

19.
Hass.

(.. ..)

0,560,20a*

1,150,28a

1,020,23a

* (P=0,05).

49

6. ( 2007)
6.1. Fuerte
( 20)
Fuerte, ( 2007)
.


. ,


.
20. 1
( 2007) Fuerte.

.. 1

2258,91a*

1453.95b

2757.77c

* (P=0,05).

6.2. Hass
Hass ( 21)
( 2007)
. ,
.
,
,
.

50

 Ticho (1971),

.
21. 1
( 2007) Hass.

.. 1

2626.66a*

1539.78b

32011.18c

* (P=0,05).

7.

( 2006).
7.1. Fuerte

2006 Fuerte 70% ( 22)
.
22. (%)
Fuerte ( 2006).

(%)

70

70

7.2. Hass

2006 Hass
51

 60% 10%
, ( 23).
23. (%)
Hass ( 2006).

(%)

60

10

8.
( 2007).
8.1. Fuerte

2007,
Fuerte. 80%
( 24) .
24. (%)
Fuerte ( 2007).

(%)

80

80

8.2. Hass
Hass
2007
.

52

 70%
60% ( 25).
, Fuerte,
70%,
. , Hass
( 24, 25).
25. (%)
) Hass ( 2007).

(%)

70

60

9. (Ca, K, Mg, Mn, Fe, Zn,

P, )
9.1. Fuerte
(Ca, K, Mg, Mn, Fe, Zn, P, B)
Fuerte
( 26).
26. (Ca,
K, Mg, Mn, Fe, Zn, P, N, ) Avocado,
Fuerte.

P(%)

Ca(%)

Mg(%)

K(%)

Zn(ppm)

Mn(ppm)

Fe(ppm)

B(ppm)

0,120,00a*

2,680,38a

0,380,02a

0,640,09a

10,830,09a

28,002,30a

150,007,93a

18,502,17a

0,120,00a

1,860,19a

0,190,01a

0,470,09a

10,160,70a

19,003,47a

132,008,91a

11,661,28a

0,120,00a

2,560,31a

0,310,02a

0,470,04a

11,331,02a

23,163,79a

154,0011,86a

17,333,00a

* (P>0,05)

53

9.2. Hass
Hass
( 27) (Ca, K, Mg, Mn, Fe, Zn,
P, B)
.
27.
(Ca, K, Mg, Mn, Fe, Zn, P, N, ) Avocado,
Hass.

P(%)

Ca(%)

Mg(%)

K(%)

Zn(ppm)

Mn(ppm)

Fe(ppm)

B(ppm)

0,190,01a*

2,990,10a

0,290,02a

0,840,10a

13,161,07a

54,3310,27a

173,5012,27a

19,001,69a

0,180,02a

2,560,17a

0,270,01a

0,790,05a

11,830,74a

43,009,88a

165,169,51a

15,161,55a

0,190,02a

2,720,35a

0,270,03a

0,790,08a

11,831,07a

44,167,48a

168,008,50a

14,831,24a

* (P>0,05)

10. ()
10.1. Fuerte


.
( 28).

(Priestley, 1976b), (Day &

Dejon,1990), (Lahav ..., 1971 b) (Erner, 1989).

54

 28. ()
, ( , , )
Fuerte.

N(%)

1,170,03b*

0,980,04a

1,070,06ab

* (P=0.05)

10.2. Hass
()

Hass
( 29).
29. ()
, Hass.

N(%)

1,260,10a

1,110,07a

1,120,09a

* (P=0.05)

11. (mol/g FW)

11.1. Fuerte
( 30)
Fuerte,

55

. ,

(C H/C-
> C H/C- > C H/C ).


(Wallerstein .., 1973, Erner, 1989), (Priestley, 1976a & 1976b),
(Evert & Smittle, 1990), (Cormack & Bate, 1976),
(Marquard, 1987), (Ticho, 1971).
30. (mol/g
FW) Fuerte.

(mol/ g FW)

87,164,57a*

118,063,12b

103,243,26c

* (P=0.05)

11.2. Hass
Hass
( 31)

.

56

 31. (mol/g
FW) Hass.

(mol/ g FW)

81,974,28a*

98,786,03a

97,545,55a

* (P=0.05)

12. 2
(17/09/07)
12.1. Fuerte
( 32)
2 Fuerte
2008,

(, ).
2008 ( 2007)
.
32. Fuerte
2 (17/09/07).

0.40.24a*

0.20.20a

2.60.67b

* (P=0.05)

57

12.2. Hass
( 33)
2 Hass
2008,
.
2008 ( 2007)

.
Hodgson Cameron (1935)

.
33. Hass

2 (17/09/07).

2
5,60,50a*
4.61.07a
101.30b

* (P=0.05)

58

.

( )
Fuerte Hass

( ).

04/03/2006 ( ),
Fuerte. , Hass
04/03/2006 ( )
.
( )

Fuerte Hass.
( ),
,
Fuerte Hass.

, Fuerte
Hass.

Fuerte,
01/04/2006 (
). , Hass
.

(Ca, K, Mg, Mn, Fe, Zn, P, B)
Fuerte Hass.
(N) Fuerte
( ),
Hass ()
( , ).

59

 , Fuerte Hass,
2008
( ).

Fuerte Hass.

60

.
2006 2007
,
Hass Fuerte 20 2004
50 .
. 20 , 10
. 10-12

. , ,
, 4 2006 ( )
1 2006 ( ) .
0,5-1 cm,
, 5 . .
.

( 2006), (28 2006),
(2 6 2006)
( 2007). ,
( 2006),


.


Fuerte . , Hass

( ),
. , Hass,
,
.
,
Hass 2 4
Fuerte. N, P, K, Ca,
61

Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn

. N
Hass
.
Hass , Fuerte


.

62


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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Girdling
http://www.arborday.org/trees/NineNum 6cfm
http:// landscaping.about.com/cs/lazylandscaping/9/girdling.htm
http://www.avocadosource.com/Journals/Horticultural
Reviews/HortRev_1986_PG_257_289.pdf
http://www.fs.fed.us/eng/puds/pdfpubs/pdf99242809/pdf99242809pt01.pdf
http://www.aces.edu/dept/peaches/peachgirdle.html
http://www.froutonea.grgrmainsstate.aspisscode=63
http://www.kathimerini.gr/4dcgi/w articles kathcommon2 13/11/2006
1286067
http://en wikipedia.org/wiki/Avocado
http://www.tradewindsfruit.com/avocado.htm
http://www.avocadosource.com/WAC1/WAC1/p058.htm
http://www.avocadosource.com/wac3/wac3_p061.htm

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