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INTRODUCTION Carboxylic acid derivative is an organic compound that can be synthesized from or converted into a carboxylic acid.

Four important families of carboxylic acid derivatives are esters, acid chlorides, acid anhydrides, and amides. Ester is a carboxylic acid derivative in which the OH portion of the carboxyl group has been replaced with an OR group.

Acid halides, also called acyl halides are activated derivatives used for the synthesis of other acyl compounds such as esters, amides, and acylbenzenes.

Acid anhydride is a carboxylic acid derivative in which the OH portion of the carboxyl group has been replaced by COOR group.

Amide is a carboxylic acid derivative in which the carboxyl OH group has been replaced with an amino or substituted amino group.

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