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2
Chng 1.
Cc hm lgic c bn
1.1 i s Boole
Cc nh ngha
Bin lgic: i lng biu din bng
k hiu no , ly gi tr 0 hoc 1
Hm lgic: nhm cc bin lgic lin
h vi nhau qua cc php ton lgic,
ly gi tr 0 hoc 1
Php ton lgic c bn:
V (AND), HOC (OR), PH NH
(NOT)
4
1.1 i s Boole
Biu din bin v hm lgic
Biu Ven:
A
A hoc B
B
A v B
1.1 i s Boole
Biu din bin v hm lgic
Bng tht:
A
Hm n bin s c:
n+1 ct (n bin v gi
tr hm)
2n hng: 2n t hp
bin
V d Bng tht hm
Hoc 2 bin
F(A,B)
1.1 i s Boole
Biu din bin v hm lgic
Ba Cac-n:
S trn ba Cac-n
bng s dng bng
tht
V d Ba Cac-n hm
Hoc 2 bin
B
A
0
1
1.1 i s Boole
Biu din bin v hm lgic
Biu thi gian:
L th bin thin
theo thi gian ca
hm v bin lgic
A
1
0
B
1
0
V d Biu
F(A,B)
thi gian ca
1
hm Hoc 2 bin
t
t
t
8
1.1 i s Boole
Cc hm lgic c bn
Hm Ph nh:
V d Hm 1 bin
F(A) = A
F(A)
1.1 i s Boole
Cc hm lgic c bn
Hm V:
V d Hm 2 bin
F(A,B) = AB
F(A,B)
10
1.1 i s Boole
Cc hm lgic c bn
Hm Hoc:
V d Hm 3 bin
F(A,B, C) = A + B + C
1
11
1.1 i s Boole
Tnh cht cc hm lgic c bn
Tn ti phn t trung tnh duy nht cho php ton
Hoc v php ton V:
A+0=A
A.1 = A
A.B = B.A
Giao hon: A + B = B + A
Kt hp: A + (B+C) = (A+B) + C = A + B + C
A . (B.C) = (A.B) . C = A . B . C
Phn phi: A(B+C) = AB + AC
A + (BC) = (A+B)(A+C)
Khng c s m, khng c h s:
A + A + ... + A = A
Php b:
A=A
A.A....A = A
A +A =1
A.A = 0
12
1.1 i s Boole
nh l Mooc-gan
A.B = A + B
Tng qut
F(Xi , +,.) = F(Xi ,., +)
Tnh cht i ngu
+
0 1
A + B = B + A A.B = B.A
A + 1 = 1 A.0 = 0
13
F(x, y, z) = xyz + x y + x z
V d
Nhn xt
2 bin Tng 4 s hng, 3 bin Tng 8 s hng
n bin Tng 2n s hng
15
16
V d
Cho hm 3 bin F(A,B,C).
Hy vit biu thc hm
di dng tuyn chnh qui.
1
17
Dng tuyn
chnh qui
F(A,B,C) = A B C + A B C +
A B C+A B C+
ABC
1
18
V d
Nhn xt
20
V d
Cho hm 3 bin F(A,B,C).
Hy vit biu thc hm
di dng hi chnh qui.
1
21
Dng hi chnh
qui
F = (A
+B
C+) ( A
C+ ) ( A + 0B
C1)
1
22
F ( A , B , C= )
R (1, 2 , 3 , 5 , 7 )
F ( A , B , C= )
I(0 , 4 , 6 )
23
24
trong mi s hng
Mc ch: Gim thiu s lng linh kin
Phng php: - i s
- Ba Cac-n
-...
Phng php i s
(1)
(2)
(3)
AB + AB = B
A + AB = A
A + AB = A + B
(A + B)(A + B) = B
(1')
A(A + B) = A
(2')
A(A + B) = AB (3')
25
AB + BC + AC(B + B) =
AB + BC + ABC + ABC =
AB(1 + C) + BC(1 + A) = AB + BC
27
0
1
00 01 11 10
AB
00
0
01
11
10
5
28
00
01
11
10
00
01
11
10
12
13
15
14
11
10
29
Cc
30
00
01
11
10
00
01
01
11
01
CD
AB
00
1
00
11
11
10
10
10
31
00
01
11
10
F(A,B, C) = A B C + A B C
=B C
32
11
BC
A
00
F(A,B, C) = A C + B C
01
11
10
BC
A
00
10
F(A,B, C) = B C + A B
33
00
00
01
01
1
10
10
1
11
11
F(A,B, C,D) = B C + B D
1
1
34
Qui tc 3: Trng
hp c nhng gi tr
hm l khng xc
nh
(khng
chc
chn lun bng 0
hoc
khng
chc
chn lun bng 1), c
th coi gi tr hm l
bng 1 xem c th
nhm c vi cc
m gi tr hm xc
nh bng 1 hay
khng.
AB
00
01
00
1
1
01
11
10
11
10
1
F(A,B, C,D) = B C + B C
35
Bi tp chng 1 (1/3)
1. Chng minh cc biu thc sau:
a)
AB + A B = A B + A B
b)
c)
AB + A C = (A + C)(A + B)
AC + B C = A C + B C
Bi tp chng 1 (2/3)
3. Trong mt cuc thi c 3 gim kho. Th sinh ch
t kt qu nu c a s gim kho tr ln
nh gi t. Hy biu din mi quan h ny
bng cc phng php sau y:
a) Bng tht
b) Ba Cac-n
c) Biu thi gian
d) Biu thc dng tuyn chnh quy
e) Biu thc dng hi chnh qui
f) Cc biu thc cu d), e) di dng s.
37
Bi tp chng 1 (3/3)
4. Ti thiu ha cc hm sau bng phng php
i s:
a) F(A, B, C, D) = (A + BC) + A(B + C)(AD + C)
b) F(A, B, C) = (A + B + C)(A + B + C )( A + B + C)( A + B + C )
5. Ti thiu ha cc hm sau bng ba Cc-n:
a) F(A,B,C,D) = R(0,2,5,6,9,11,13,14)
b) F(A,B,C,D) = R(1,3,5,8,9,13,14,15)
c) F(A,B,C,D) = R(2,4,5,6,7,9,12,13)
d) F(A,B,C,D) = I(1,4,6,7,9,10,12,13)
e) F(A,B,C,D,E)=R(0,1,9,11,13,15,16,17,
20,21,25,26,27,30,31)
38
Gii bi tp chng 1
1. a)
AB + A B = (AB)(A B)
=(A+B)(A+B)
=AA + AB + AB + BB
= AB + AB
39
Gii bi tp chng 1
1. b)
AB + AC = (A + C)(A + B)
AB + AC = (AB + A)(AB + C)
= (A + B)(AB + C)
= AAB + AC + AB + BC
= AC + BC + AA + AB
= C(A + B) + A(A + B)
= (A + C)(A + B)
40
Gii bi tp chng 1
1. c)
AC + BC = AC + B C
AC + BC = (A + C)(B + C)
= A B + B C + AC
= B C + AC + A B C + A B C
= B C + AC
41
Gii bi tp chng 1
A
t
t
42
Gii bi tp chng 1
4. a)
43
Gii bi tp chng 1
4. b)
44
Gii bi tp chng 1
5.
a) F(A,B,C,D) = R(0,2,5,6,9,11,13,14)
CD
00
00
AB
01
11
10
01
11
10
1
45
Gii bi tp chng 1
5. c) F(A,B,C,D) = R(2,4,5,6,7,9,12,13)
CD
AB
00
01
11
00
01
11
10
10
1
1
1
1
46
5. d)
CD
AB
00
01
00
10
10
01
11
11
0
0
0
0
Gii bi tp chng 1
CD
AB
00
01
00
10
10
01
11
11
1
1
1
1
48
Gii bi tp chng 1
Ba Cc-n 5 bin
C=0
DE
AB
C=1
00 01 11 10 10 11 01 00
00
01
11
10
14
15
13
12
11
24
25
27
26
30
31
29
28
10
16
17
19
18
22
23
21
20
49
Gii bi tp chng 1
F(A,B,C,D,E)=R(0,1,9,11,13,15,16,17,20,21,25,26,27,30,31)
C=0
DE
AB
00
C=1
00 01 11 10 10 11 01 00
1
01
11
24
10
16
1
1
11
10
14
15
13
12
27
26
30
31
29
28
23
21
20
25
17
19
18
22
1
1
50
Chng 2.
Cc phn t lgic c bn
v mch thc hin
51
U1
U2
D2
UY
U1, U2 = 0 hoc E vn
U1A, U2 B, UY F(A,B)
0v0, Ev1
U1
U2
UY
0
0
E
E
0
E
0
E
0
E
E
E
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
52
U1
U2
D2
+E
R
UY
U1A, U2 B, Us F(A,B)
0v0, Ev1
Bng tht hm V 2 bin
U1
U2
UY
0
0
E
E
0
E
0
E
0
0
0
E
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
53
Ic
Ic
Ib
Ib
B
NPN
E
Ie
B
PNP
E
Ie
Ie = Ib +Ic, Ie v Ic >> Ib
UE
UY
UE = 0 hoc E vn
UEA, UY F(A)
0v0, Ev1
Bng tht hm Ph nh
UE
UY
F(A)
55
1
0
56
n < 10
MSI
Medium Scale Integration
(Mch tch hp c trung bnh)
n = 10..100
LSI
Large Scale Integration
(Mch tch hp c ln)
n = 100..1000
VLSI
Very Large Scale Integration
(Mch tch hp c rt ln)
n = 103..106
57
59
5v
5v
Mc 1
Mc 1
3,3
Di khng
xc nh
2
Di khng
xc nh
0,8
0
Mc 0
Vo TTL
0,5
0
Mc 0
Ra TTL
60
50%
TLH
Vo
50%
THL
L
L
H
50%
50%
Ra
L
100%
90%
dng(sn ln)
10%
0%
m(sn xung)
tR
tF
62
100
ECL
TTL
10
CMOS
1
f
0,1
0,1
10
MHz
63
64
* V hnh vung
65
66
A A
&
Hoc
V-o (NAND)
A
B
&
AB
A
B
AB
AB
AB
A
B
&
AB
A
1
A+B
67
Hoc-o (NOR)
A
B
A+B
=1 A
B
AB
00
01
10
11
68
Chng 3.
H t hp
69
H t hp: Tn hiu ra ch ph
thuc tn hiu vo hin ti
H khng nh
H dy: Tn hiu ra khng ch ph
thuc tn hiu vo hin ti m
cn ph thuc qu kh ca tn
70
3.2 Mt s ng dng h t hp
3.2.1 B m ha
Dng chuyn cc gi tr nh phn ca bin
vo sang mt m no .
V d - B m ha dng cho bn phm ca my
tnh.
Phm K tT m
- C th trng hp bn phm ch c 9
phm.
- N: s gn cho phm (N = 1...9)
- B m ha c :
+ 9 u vo ni vi 9 phm
+ 4 u ra nh phn ABCD
71
3.2.1 B m ha
1
P1
P2
2
Pi
P9
B
M ho
N=i
C
D
3.2.1 B m ha
Xt trng hp n gin, gi thit ti mi thi
im ch c 1 phm c n.
N
ABCD
A = 1 nu (N=8) hoc (N=9)
B = 1 nu (N=4) hoc (N=5)
1
0001
hoc (N=6)
2
0010
hoc (N=7)
3
0011
C = 1 nu (N=2) hoc (N=3)
4
0100
hoc (N=6)
5
0101
hoc (N=7)
6
0110
D = 1 nu (N=1) hoc (N=3)
7
0111
hoc (N=5)
8
1000
hoc (N=7)
9
1001
hoc (N=9)
73
N=
1
N=
2
N=
8
N=
9
74
3.2.1 B m ha
S b m ha
N=1
N=2
N=3
N=4
N=5
N=6
N=7
N=8
N=9
75
M ha u tin
A=1
nu
N = 8 hoc N = 9
B=1
nu
(N = 4 hoc N = 5 hoc N = 6 hoc N=7) v
(Not N = 8) v( Not N=9)
C=1
nu
N = 2 v (Not N=4) v (Not N= 5) v (Not N =
8) v
(Not N = 9)
hoc
N = 3 v (Not N=4) v (Not N= 5) v (Not N = 8) v
(Not N = 9)
hoc N = 6 v (Not N = 8) v (Not N = 9)
hoc
N = 7 v (Not N = 8) v (Not N = 9)
D = 1 nu N = 1 v (Not N =2) v (Not N = 4) v (Not N = 6)v
(Not N = 8)
hoc N = 3 v (Not N = 4) v (Not N = 6)v (Not N = 8)
hoc N = 5 v (Not N = 6)v (Not N = 8)
hoc
N = 7 v (Not N = 8)
hoc
N=9
76
3.2.2 B gii m
Cung cp 1 hay nhiu thng tin u ra khi u vo xut
hin t hp cc bin nh phn ng vi 1 hay nhiu
t m c la chn t trc.
Gii m cho 1 cu hnh (hay 1 t m) c xc nh
V d
u ra ca b gii m bng 1(0) nu u vo 4 bit nh
phn ABCD = 0111, cc trng hp khc u ra = 0(1).
D
C
B
A
&
Y=1 nu
N=(0111)2 = (7)10
77
3.2.2 B gii m
Gii m cho tt c cc t hp ca b m:
V d
B gii m c 4 bit nh phn ABCD u vo, 16
bit u ra
A
B
C
D
Gii
m
:
:
Y0
Y1
Yi
Y15
79
B gii m BCD
N
Y0
Y1
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Y9
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
80
B gii m BCD
Y0 = A B C D
CD
AB
00 01 11 10
00
10
Y2 = BCD
Y3 = BCD
Y4 = BC D
01
11
Y1 = A B C D
Y5 = BC D
Y6 = BC D
Y7 = BCD
Y8 = AD
Y9 = AD
Gii m a ch
a ch 10 bit. CS: u vo cho php chn b
nh.
CS = 1: chn b nh
CS = 0: khng chn
a ch
i
10
Gii m
a ch
dng 0
1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0
dng 1
0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0
dng i
0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1
dng 1023
1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0
CS (Chip Select)
c ra nh
th i
82
Gii m a ch
a ch 16 bit.
S nh c th a ch ho c : 216 = 65 536.
Chia s nh ny thnh 64 trang, mi trang c 1024 .
16 bit a ch t A15...A0, 6 bit a ch v pha MSB
A15...A10 c dng nh a ch trang, cn li 10 bit
t A9...A0 nh a ch nh cho mi trang.
10
B nh
A9....A0
a ch
CS
6
Gii m
A15....A10
To hm lgic
Gi s c hm 3 bin : F(A,B,C) = R(3,5,6,7)
Y0
A
B
C
22
Y1
Y2
21
Gii
m
Y3
Y4
Y5
20
1
F(A,B,C)
Y6
Y7
84
B chuyn i m
Chuyn mt s N vit theo m C1 sang vn s N
nhng vit theo m C2.
V d: B chuyn i m t m BCD sang m ch
th 7 thanh.
a
g b
Mi thanh l 1 it pht
quang (LED)
85
A
B
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
D 1
86
Tng hp b chuyn i m
CD
AB
00
01
11
00 01 11 10
1 0 1 1
0 1 1 1
&
&
1
10
1 1
A
C
a = A + C +BD +B D
Bi tp: Lm tng t cho cc thanh cn li
87
Tng hp b chuyn i m
CD
AB
00 01 11 10
CD
AB
00 01 11 10
00
1 1 1 1
1 0 1 0
00
1 1 1 0
1 1 1 1
01
11
10
01
11
10
1 1
b
1 1
c
88
89
MUX 2-1
X0
X0
X1
X2
X1
X3
C0
C0
C1
u vo iu khin
C1
C0
C0
X0
X0
X1
X1
X2
X3
90
X1
C0
C0
X1X0
0
1
00
C0
X1
X0
C0
X0
X1
01
11
1
1
10
Y = X 0C 0 + X1C 0
91
S0
E
1
CS
S1
E
1
CS
C
0
Vo iu khin
92
S0
E
0
E
1
S1
E
1
C
0
C
0
Vo iu khin
93
X0
&
C0
&
X1
94
Ngun tin 1
Ngun tin 2
Nhn
95
B = b3 b2 b1 b0
C0
Y3 Y2 Y1 Y0
96
a0
a1
a2
C1
a3
C0
C1
Y
a0
a1
a2
a3
t
97
hm lgic
Y = C1C 0E 0 + C 1C 0E 1 + C 1C 0E 2 + C 1C 0E 3
Cc u
vo
chn hm
f(0,0)
E0
f(0,1)
E1
f(1,0)
f(1,1)
E2
E3
Cc
bin
Y = f(A,B)
C1
C0
A
B
98
hm lgic
f=AB
0= f(0,0)
C1
C0
X0
X0
X1
Y = AB
0
0
0 =f(0,1)
X1
0=f(1,0)
X2
X3
A
1=f(1,1)
X3
X2
C1
C0
&
99
hm lgic
f=A+B
C1
C0
X0
X0
X1
Y=
A+B
X1
X2
X3
X2
X3
C1
C0
B to hm c th lp trnh c
100
Y1
Y2
Y3
C0
C1
101
X
0
1
Y0
0
1
Y1
DEMUX 1-2
0
0
Y0
X
Y1
C0
102
3.2.5 B so snh
b3
a2
=1
b2
a1
&
A=B
=1
b1
a0
b0
=1
103
3.2.5 B so snh
Phn t
so snh
Si
Ei
Ii
E
ai
bi
104
3.2.5 B so snh
Si = E(ab
i i)
Ii = E(ab
i i)
Ei = E(ai bi ) = Eab
i i + Eai bi = E.S i.Ii = E(S i + Ii )
E
ai
&
bi
Si
&
&
Ei
Ii
105
3.2.5 B so snh
So snh y : B so snh song song
V d So snh 2 s 3 bit A = a2a1a0, B = b2b1b0
a2
b2
a1
b1
a0
b0
S2
Phn t
so snh
E2
I2
S1
Phn t
so snh
E1
S0
Phn t
so snh
E0
I0
A>B
A<B
I1
A=B
106
3.2.6. Cc b s hc
B
cng
a
b
Cng
(Tng)
r (S nh)
B bn tng
(Half Adder)
=a
b
r = ab
1
=1
b
&
107
B cng
Cng 2 s nhiu bit:
r3
r2
r1
r0
A=
a3
a2
a1
a0
+B =
b3
b2
b1
b0
Kt
qu
r4
r3
r2
r1 0
0
108
B cng
Thao tc lp li l cng 2 bit vi nhau v
cng vi s nh
ai
bi
ri
ri+1
ri+1
Full Adder
ai
ri
bi
Cng
y
109
B cng
00
aibi
01i
11
10
ri
0
1
1
1
00
aibi
1
1
01ri+1 11
10
ri
0
1
i = ai bi ri
ri+1 = ai bi + ri (ai bi)
1
1
110
B cng
B
ri
ai
=1
=1
&
&
bi
1
ri+1
111
B cng 2 s n bit
A = an-1an-2...a1a0 , B = bn-1bn-2...b1b0
a1
an-2 bn-2
an-1 bn-1
b1
a0 b0
r1
rn-2
FA
r0= 0
FA
FA
rn
r2
n
n-1
n-2
112
r2
G0
P0
r1
&
r0
G0
&
P1
P0
r0
&
r2 = G1 + G0P1 + r0P0P1
113
a3
b3 a2
b2 a1
b1 a0
b0
r0
Tnh Pi v Gi
P3 G3 P2 G2
P1 G1 P0 G0
Tnh cc s nh
r4
r3
a3 b3
a2
r2
b2
a1
r1
b1
r0
a0 b0
Tnh tng
r4 = 4
0
114
115
B tr
ai
bi
Bn hiu
ai
bi
Di
Bi+1
Di
Di = a i bi
Bi+1
Bi +1 = a i b i
(Half Subtractor)
ai
=1
Di
bi
&
Bi+1
116
B tr
B tr
Di
Bi+1
(Full Subtractor)
ai
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
bi
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
Bi
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
Di
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
Bi+1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
Bi
ai
bi
Bn
Bn
hiu
Di
Di
hiu
Bi+1
Bi+1
117
B tr
B
tr song song:
118
ly 1 v d thc t c th thc
hin bng 1 hm lgic 3 bin.
- Lp bng tht
- Ti thiu ha hm bng ba Cacn
- Vit biu thc hm ti thiu
ha v v s thc hin
119
120
B nhn
Gi thit nhn 2 s 4 bit A v B:
A = a3a2a1a0, B = b3b2b1b0
p7
a3
a2
a1
a0
b3
b2
b1
b0
a3b0
a2b0
a1b0
a0b0
a3b1
a2b1
a1b1
a0b1
a3b2
a2b2
a1b2
a0b2
a3b3
a2b3
a1b3
a0b3
p6
p5
p4
p3
p2
p1
p0
122
B nhn
Dy thao tc cn
phi thc hin khi
nhn 2 s 4 bit
AAxxbb0
0
AAxxbb1
1
(A
(Axxbb00))+
+(A
(Axxbb11dch
dchtri
tri11bit)
bit)=
=11
AAxxbb2
2
1+
(A x b2 dch tri 2 bit) = 2
1+ (A x b2 dch tri 2 bit) = 2
AAxxbb3
3
2+
(A x b3 dch tri 3 bit) = 3
2+ (A x b3 dch tri 3 bit) = 3
123
B nhn
a3
b1
a1
a2
&
&
a0
&
&
&
a2
&
a1
&
&
&
a1
a2
&
&
3
3
&
2
2
a1
&
1
1
a0
&
0
0
0
CI
CO
a3
CI
a2
a0
2
b3
&
CO
a3
b2
a3
b0
3
3
2
2
1
1
0
0
a0
&
0
CI
CO
p7
3
3
2
2
p6
1
1
p5
0
0
p4
p3
p2
p1
p0
124
Bi tp ln
Tin
a1
a0
b1
b0
p3
p2
p1
p0
126
a3
a2
a1
a0
c0
c1
1
127
Chng 4
H dy
128
X1=
X2=
t5
t4
t3
t2 t 1
0
LSB
B
B
cng
cng
lin
lin Y
tip
tip
t5
t4
t3
t2
t1
X1=
X2=
Y=
129
130
4.2 Cc m hnh h dy
H DY
Trng thi
131
4.2 Cc m hnh h dy
Mealy: m t h dy bng b 5
X : tp hu hn cc tn hiu vo. Nu h c m u vo
cc tn hiu vo tng ng l x1,x2...,xm
S : tp hu hn cc trng thi. Nu h c n trng thi
cc trng thi tng ng l s1,s2...,sn
Y: tp hu hn cc tn hiu ra. Nu h c
u ra ta c
132
4.2 Cc m hnh h dy
V d B cng nh phn lin tip
133
4.2 Cc m hnh h dy
Hm ra:
Fy(s0,00
Fy(s0,01
Fy(s1,00
Fy(s1,01
hoc
hoc
hoc
hoc
11)
10)
11)
10)
=
=
=
=
0
1
1
0
134
4.2 Cc m hnh h dy
Xt theo m hnh Moore:
Tp
s00
s01
s10
s11
Hm trng thi:
Fs(s00 hoc s01,00) = s00 ...
Hm ra:
Fy(s00) = Fy(s10) = 0
Fy(s01) = Fy(s11) = 1
135
4.2 Cc m hnh h dy
S
X1
X2
...
XN
s1
Fs(s1,X1),Fy(s1,X1)
Fs(s1,X2),Fy(s1,X2)
Fs(s1,XN),Fy(s1,XN)
s2
Fs(s2,X1),Fy(s2,X1)
Fs(s2,X2),Fy(s2,X2)
Fs(s2,XN),Fy(s2,XN)
sn
Fs(sn,X1),Fy(sn,X1)
Fs(sn,X2),Fy(sn,X2)
Fs(sn,XN),Fy(sn,XN)
Tn hiu ra
Trng thi tip theo
Trng thi hin ti
Nu h c m u vo th N <= 2m
136
4.2 Cc m hnh h dy
Y
X1
X2
...
XN
s1
Fs(s1,X1)
Fs(s1,X2)
Fs(s1,XN)
Fy(s1)
s2
Fs(s2,X1)
Fs(s2,X2)
Fs(s2,XN)
Fy(s2)
sn
Fs(sn,X1)
Fs(sn,X2)
Fs(sn,XN)
Fy(sn)
4.2 Cc m hnh h dy
V
Moore
x1x2
S
00
01
x1x2
11
00
01
11
10
s00
s00
s01
s10
s01
s01
s00
s01
s10
s01
s10
s01
s10
s11
s10
s11
s01
s10
s11
s10
10
s0
s0,0
s0,1
s1,0
s0,1
s1
s0,1
s1,0
s1,1
s1,0
138
4.2 Cc m hnh h dy
hnh trng thi
X
s1
/Y
s2
00/0
11/1
11
s00
s0
11/0
00/1
01,10/1
Mealy
s10
01,10
s1
01,10/0
01,10
11
00
11
00
01,10
s01
01,10
s11
00
Moore
11
139
CLK
R
01
11
10
0 0
1 1
SR
Trng
thi
hin
ti
00
Nh Xa Kx Tlp
S: Set, R: Reset
Q = S + Rq
Trng thi tip theo Trng thi hin ti
CLK: CLOCK (ng h, ng b)
140
CLK
R
141
Trig RS
Biu thi gian
1
S
0
1
0
1
Q
0
Q
Thit lp
Xa
Nh 0
Thit lp
Nh 1
1
142
Trig RS
Tc dng ca ng h (CLK: CLOCK)
S=1
R=0
Q=1
S=1
R=0
Q=0
S=0
R=1
Q=1
S=0
R=1
Q=0
143
Cht D (D latch): ng b
theo mc
Tu thuc vo tn hiu
ng b tch cc theo
mc hay theo sn
m c 2 loi trig D:
D
CLK
CLK
Q
CLK
ng b sn
144
145
Cht D
D xc pht
sn dng
146
4.3.3 Trig JK
Q = J q + Kq
Nh
Tlp 0
Lt
Tlp 1
147
4.3.4 Trig T
Q = Tq + Tq
Nh
Lt
148
4.4 Mt s ng dng h dy
4.4.1 B m v chia tn s
B m dng m xung. B m
mun N: m N-1 xung, xung th N lm
cho b m quay v trng thi ngh hay
trng thi 0.
Phn loi:
149
4.4 Mt s ng dng h dy
a)
B m khng ng b
V d B m khng ng b mun
16 dng trig JK ng b sn m
ng h.
B m mun 16 c 16 trng
thi cn 4 trig
150
a) B m khng ng b
n
q4
q3
q2
q1
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
n: s xung m
q4, q3,q2, q1: Trng thi ca
4 trig
151
a) B m khng ng b
1
CLK
Xung m
1
Q1
Q2
CLK
CLK
K
Q1
Q3
Q4
CLK
CLK
Q2
Q3
Q4
Tv Tr = 2 Tv, Fr = Fv/2
Tr
152
a) B m khng ng b
B
m mun 10
Q1
Q2
CLK
CLK
K CLR Q1
K CLR Q2
Q3
K CLR Q3
Q4
CLK
CLK
CLK
1
K CLR Q4
Q=0
153
b) B m ng b
V d Mun 8
C
1
Q
CLK
Xung vo
(CLK)
CLK
S
m
0
Q
CLK
Q
FF1
K
FF2
A
J
Q
CLK
Q
FF3
FF1:
J=K=1, lt trng thi khi c CLK
FF2,FF3:
J=K
J=K=1: Ch lt khi c CLK
J=K=0: Ch nh khi c CLK
154
4.4.1 B m v chia tn s
B m ng thi l b chia tn s.
H s chia tn s ng bng mun ca b m
B m tin (tng):
s m tng ln 1 mi khi c 1 xung m
V d B m tin mun 8: 0-1-2-3-4-5-6-7-0-
B m li (gim):
s m gim i 1 mi khi c 1 xung m
V d B m li mun 8: 7-6-5-4-3-2-1-0-7-
Cc IC c ch to lm b m thng cho php m
theo c 2 chiu
155
VO
RA
Vo ni tip Ra ni tip
VO
VO
0
RA
RA
156
CLOCK
B
D
C
D
D
D
CLK
CLK
CLK
CLK
CLR Q
CLR Q
CLR Q
CLR Q
CLEAR
CLR = 0
Q=0
157
VO
RA
CLR
S
liu
CLK
10
11
12
10
13
11
14
12
15
13
158
159
Chng 5
Tng hp v phn tch h dy
160
Q D
Q S
Q J
Q T
161
5.2 Tng hp h dy
5.2 Tng hp h dy (V d 1)
S liu vo: x
3 bin trng thi: q1q2q3
Bng trng thi m ha
000
000
100
001
000
100
010
001
101
011
001
101
100
010
110
101
010
110
110
011
111
111
011
111
q1q2q3
163
5.2 Tng hp h dy (V d 1)
Hm kch trig
Q1 = x, Q2 = q1, Q3 = q2
D1 = x, D2 = q1, D3 = q2
S thc hin
x
D1
q1
CLK
q1
D2
q2
CLK
q2
D3
q3
CLK
q3
CLOCK
164
5.2 Tng hp h dy (V d 2)
V d 2 Tng hp h dy ng b dng trig JK. H c 1 u vo
x v 1 u ra y. Cc u vo v ra ny u l nh phn.
u ra y = 1 nu u vo x xut hin theo qui lut x
= 0101. Cc trng hp khc th y = 0.
H dy
x=0101011..
A: ch 0 u tin
B: c 0 ch 1
C: c 01
D: c 010
1/0
0/0
y=0001010..
0/0
B
1/0
0/0
0/0
D
1/1
1/0
165
5.2 Tng hp h dy (V d 2)
x0
S
A
B,0
A,0
B,0
C,0
D,0 A,0
B,0
C,1
q2
0
q1q2
x0
00
01,0 00,0
01
01,0 10,0
11
01,0 10,1
10
11,0 00,0
Q1Q2
Q1Q2
166
q1q2
x0
1
q Q J
00
01,0 00,0
0 0 0 -
01
01,0 10,0
0 1 1 -
11
01,0 10,1
10
11,0 00,0
Q1Q2
1 0 -
1 1 -
0
x
q1q
J1K1
J2K2
J1K1
J2K2
00
0-
1-
0-
0-
01
0-
-0
1-
-1
11
-1
-0
-0
-1
10
-0
1-
-1
0-
167
5.2 Tng hp h dy (V d 2)
x0
S
A0
B0
A0
A0
B0,0 A0,0
B0
B0
C0
B0
B0,0 C0,0
C0
D0
A0
C0
D0,0 A0,0
D0
B0
C1
D0
B0,0 C1,1
C1
D0
A0
C1
D0,0 A0,0
168
5.2 Tng hp h dy (V d 2)
q Q J
Bng
ng
dng
x
q1q
2
0 0 0 -
q1q
0 1 1 1 0 -
1 1 -
x
0
00
01
11
10
J1K1
J2K2
J1K1
J2K2
00
0-
1-
0-
0-
01
0-
-0
1-
-1
11
-1
-0
-0
-1
10
-0
1-
-1
0-
Hm kch trig
J1 = xq2
J 2 = x K2 = x
Hm ra:
K 1 = xq 2 + q 2 x
y = xq1q2
169
T4:
T5:
T6:
TP:
T1:
T2:
T3:
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
1100
1011
0110
0001
0011
0111
1101
170
5.2 Tng hp h dy (V d 2)
S thc hin
CLK
CLOCK
&
J2
q2
K2
q2
=1
&
J1
q1
CLK
K1
q1
171
J2
q2
CLK
K2
q2
J1
q1
&
CLK
K1
q1
y
&
CLOCK
172
, yxq=
1 q 2 + xq 1 q 2
,x J2 = x, K1 = q 2
0
J1
1
J2
J1
J2
K
2
00
01
11
10
0
173
J1 = q2, K2 =
, yxq=
1 q 2 + xq 1 q 2
,x J2 = x, K1 = q 2
0 0 0 0 1 1 -
x
q1q
0
J1
1
J2
J1
J2
K
2
00
1 0 -
01
1 1 -
11
10
0
174
Q1Q
Q1Q
00,
0
10,
0
10,
1
00,
0
01,
0
11,
0
11,
0
01,
1
x
SA
A,0
B,0
D,0
C,0
D,1
C,0
A,0
B,1
175
0
J1
J2
1
K
J1
J2
K
2
00
01
11
10
q1q2
Q1Q
Q1Q
00
00
01
01
10
11
11
10
11
10
00
01
176
177
1.
Cho s nh sau. M t
hot ng ca s khi phm
P4 c n.
D
CLK
B
m
mu
n
8
u vo
m
A MUX
B 81
C
P
20
21
+5
V
1
D2
D
3
22
P
7
6
P
0
178
2.
D0 PR
D1
Q1
Q0
CLK
START
D2
Q2
D3
Q3
CLK
CLK
CLK
CLR
CLR
CLR
PR: PRESET
PR = 0
Q=1
CLOCK
CLK
10
11
START
Cho dng tn hiu CLOCK v START nh hnh v. Hy v
dng trn cng trc thi gian tn hiu cc u ra Q0, Q1,
Q2, Q3 v gii thch.
179
180
T1
q1
CLK
T2
q2
CLK
q1
q2
CLOCK
181
182
a
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
b
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
c
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
J1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
K1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
J2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
K2
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
J3
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
K3
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
A
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
B
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
C
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
001
010
100
183
184
2.
1
10
11
START
Q0
Q1
Q2
Q3
185
D0
Q0
D1
Q1
CLK
CLOCK
&
CLK
Q1
CLK
Q0
Q1
Q1
186
COUNTER MOD8
CLK
START
187
188
189
3.
t3
t2
t1
t0
YG(A>B)
So
snh
YE(A=B)
1
1
0
1
B
lin
YL(A<B)
LSB
A > B: G (YG = 1), A = B:tip
E (YE = 1), A < B: L (YL = 1)
190
3.
t3
t2
t1
t0
YG(A>B)
So
snh
YE(A=B)
1
1
0
1
B
lin
YL(A<B)
LSB
A > B: G (YG = 1), A = B:tip
E (YE = 1), A < B: L (YL = 1)
AB 00
01
11
10
YG
YE
YL
S
G
191
3.
t3
t2
t1
t0
YG(A>B)
So
snh
YE(A=B)
1
1
0
1
B
lin
YL(A<B)
LSB
A > B: G (YG = 1), A = B:tip
E (YE = 1), A < B: L (YL = 1)
AB 00
01
11
10
00
01
00
10
--
--
--
--
YG
YE
YL
q1q2
00
01
11
10
q1q2
G :10, E : 00, L : 01
192
4.
Bng trng thi m ha:
q1q2 Q1Q2
00
01
01
10
10
00
11
00
193
BI TP
1.
2.
3. Vi gi tr no ca t hp
(A7A6...A1A0)2 th S = R
A6
A4
A2
A0
A7
A5
&
A3
A1
&
195
196
197
H T HP
Tng hp:
Bit chc nng h -> Thit k s thc
hin h
1. Chc nng -> Bng tht (bin vo ? hm
ra ? quan h vo-ra ?)
2. T bng tht vit hm ra theo bin vo
(ti thiu ha)
3. V s thc hin hm c bc 2.
Phn tch:
Bit s thc hin h -> Tm chc nng
1. T s vit biu thc hm ra theo bin vo
2. Thnh lp bng tht da vo 1.
3. Suy ra chc nng t bng tht
198
Gii bi tp chng 5
1.
3 cng tc: 3 bin A, B, C. F=0: n tt, F=1: n sng
A
F=A
199
2. B: 3 bit
b2
b1
b0
b2
A: 4 bit
A=B+3
b1
b0
a3
a2
a1
a0
0 0 0 0 0 1 1
a3
a2
a1
a0
0 0 1 0 1 0 0
1 1 0 1 0 0 1
1 1 1 1 0 1 0
V s
200
4.
E0
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
E6
E7 C C C
2 1 0
F(A,B,
C)
A
B
C
201
F(A,B,C,D) =
R(0,3,4,6,8,11,13,15)
8.
A
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
B
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
C
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
D
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
F
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
E0
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
E6
E7 C C C
2 1 0
F(A,B,C,
D)
B
C
D
202
BI TP LN (1)
1. Lp trnh Pascal m phng b cng song
song.
Kt qu hin th l s nh phn
203
A B C F
0 0 0 0
0 0 1 1
0 1 0 1
1 0 0 1
0 1 1 0
1 0 1 0
1 1 0 0
1 1 1 1
204
BI TP LN (2)
2. Lp trnh Pascal m phng b so snh
song song.
Hin th kt qu so snh
205
BI TP LN (1/3)
1. Lp trnh m phng b cng song
song.
B cng cho php cng 2 s nh
phn t 1 bit n 8 bit
Hai s nh phn cn cng c
nhp t bn phm
Hin th kt qu
206
BI TP LN (2/3)
2. Lp trnh m phng b so snh
song song.
B so snh cho php so snh 2 s
nh phn t 1 bit n 8 bit
Hai s nh phn cn so snh c
nhp t bn phm
Hin th kt qu
207
BI TP LN (3/3) (ST7/t15)
3.
H dy ng b c 1 u vo x v 1
u ra y. u ra y = 1 nu u
vo x xut hin theo qui lut x =
0110. Cc trng hp khc th y =
0. Tng hp h dy dng trig JK
theo m hnh Mealy v m phng
h tng hp c theo ngn
ng lp trnh ty chn.
208
BI TP LN (2)
H dy ng b c 1 u vo x v 1
u ra y. u ra y = 1 nu u
vo x xut hin theo qui lut x =
1001. Cc trng hp khc th y =
0. Tng hp h dy dng trig JK
theo m hnh Mealy v m phng
h tng hp c theo ngn
ng lp trnh ty chn.
x=1
0010
01
y=
0001001
2.
209
BI TP LN (3)
Mi sinh vin np bo co bi tp ln
(in, khng vit tay). Trong bo co cn
c:
Ch sinh vin no np bi tp ln th
mi
c d thi ln 1.Np theo lp vo th
7 ca tun 12.
210
CLOCK
Q1
CLK
211
212
ENABLE
213
&
>CLK
R
22
21
20
E
m mun 8
CLOCK
CLOCK
START
214
CLOCK
START
q,E
215
IT
D
UA
ID
UA <= UK: it tt ID = 0
216
a1
a0
b1
b0
p3
p2
p1
p0
217
Chng 6. B nh
218
My tnh
n v s hc
n v iu khin
B nh trong
(bn dn)
n v x l trung tm (CPU)
B nh ngoi
(bng, a)
220
Cc thao tc i vi b nh
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
221
5.2. T chc b nh
a D7
ch
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
222
CPU
CPU
ghi
B
B nh
nh
223
Chip nh 8 t x 4 bit
Vo
I0
A0
a ch
I1
I2
A1
8 t
x 4 bit
A2
O0
O1
O2
I3
CS
WE
Chip Select
Write Enable
O3
Ra
224
I1
Vo
Gii m
I0
T 0
T 1
a ch
A0
A1
CS
T 2
WE
T 3
O1
Ra
O0
225
CS
WE
Io
A0
a ch
A1
A2
Oo
I1
I2
8 t
x 4 bit
Chip 1
O1
I3
CS
WE
O2 O3
I4
A0
A1
A2
O4
I5
I6
8 t
x 4 bit
Chip 2
O5
I7
CS
WE
O6 O7
226
Io
A0
a ch
A1
A2
Oo
I1
I2
8 t
x 4 bit
Chip 1
O1
I3
CS
WE
O2 O3
Io
A0
A1
A2
Oo
I1
I2
8 t
x 4 bit
Chip 2
O1
I3
CS
WE
O2 O3
Bus chung
227
Bit line
CS
Read / Write
I/O
Bit vo, ra chung mt ng
228
000
000
100
001
000
010
000
000
100
100
001
000
100
001
101
010
001
100
011
001
101
100
010
100
100
010
110
101
010
110
110
011
111
111
011
111
q1q2q3
q1q2q3
229