BT Lng gic Cc ng Thc Lng trong Tam Gic (trong tp thTun) Bt ng Thc trong Tam Gic cn thit (trong

tp thTun) a v tng cc bnh phng 9 2 2 2 VD 1 : sin A + sin B + sin C (*) 4 Khng mt tnh tng qut gi s A B C 00 C 900 (*) tng ng 9 1 cos2 A + 1 cos2 B + 1 cos2C 2 9 cos2 A + cos2 B + cos2C 2 1 cos2C cos C cos( A B ) 4 1 cos2C cos C + + cos C cos C cos( A B ) 0 4 1 (cos C )2 + cos C[1 cos( A B )] 0 2 BT trn ng VD2: sin 2 A + sin2 B 1 sin 2 C 2 2 2 sin A + 2sin2 B sin2 C cos2C + 2 cos C cos( A B ) + cos2 ( A B ) + sin2 ( A B ) 0 [cos2C + cos( A B )]2 + sin2 ( A B ) 0 II. S dng cc BT quen thuc Lu 1 cos ,sin 1 , BT AM-GM, B.C.S, Schur VD1: 1 cos ,sin 1 cos A + cos B + cos C sin A B C + sin + sin 2 2 2 I.

Ta c :

1 1 A+ B A B C cos A + cos B = cos cos sin 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 A cmtt : cos B + cos C sin 2 2 2 1 1 A cos B + cos C sin 2 2 2 Cng v theo v ta c BT ng TXR A = B = C = 60o VD2 :

A B C + sin + sin )(*) 2 2 2 A 3 2 R sin A cos A ( 2 R sin A)( sin ) 2 A B C Li c: cos A + cos B + cos C sin + sin + sin (VD1) 2 2 2 Cn chng minh : 2(sin A + sin B + sin C )(cos A + cos B + cos C ) 3(sin 2 A + sin 2 B + sin 2C )(**) sin 2 A + sin 2 B + sin 2C + 2 sin A cos C + 2 sin C cos A 3(sin 2 A + sin 2 B + sin 2C ) sin( A + B ) + sin( B + C ) + sin(C + A) sin 2 A + sin 2 B + sin 2C A B C cos cos cos sin A sin B sin C 2 2 2 1 A B C sin sin sin 8 2 2 2 3( a cos A + b cos B + c cos C ) 2 p(sin
(**) ng (*) ng VD3: Chng minh mi VABC 3.1/ 3(sin 2 A + sin 2 B + sin2 C ) 2( cos3 A + cos3 B + cos3 C ) 6 A B C 3.2/ cos A cos B cos C sin sin sin 2 2 2 3.3/ cos A + cos B + cos C 1 4 cos A cos B cos C Bi gii 3.1 / 3(sin 2 A + sin 2 B + sin2 C ) 2( cos3 A + cos3 B + cos3 C ) 6 6(1 + cos A cos B cos C ) 2( cos3 A + cos3 B + cos3C ) 6 cos3 A + cos3 B + cos3C 3cos A cos B cos C 0 1 A B C (1 + 4sin sin sin )[(cos A cos B ) 2 + (cos B cos C )2 + (cos C cos A)2 ] 0 2 2 2 2 BT ng

3.2 / cos A cos B cos C sin g , B, C < 90o A

A B C sin sin 2 2 2

1 1 1 [ cos C + cos( A B )] (1 cos C ) = sin C 2 2 2 1 cmtt : cos BcosC sin A 2 1 cos CcosA sin B 2 Nhn v theo v ta c BT ng cos A cos B g 90o A cos A cos B cos C 0 < sin A B C sin sin 2 2 2

3.3 / cos A + cos B + cos C 1 4 cos A cos B cos C A B C 4 sin sin sin 4 cos A cos B cos C (3.2) 2 2 2 VD4 : VABC nhn 1 1 1 1 1 1 + + + + A B C cos A cos B cos C sin sin sin 2 2 2 1 1 4 p dng BT + ta c: x y x+ y 1 1 1 4 1 1 ( + ) = 2 cos A cos B 2(cos A + cos B ) sin C cos A B sin C 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 cmtt : ( + ) A 2 cos B cos C sin 2 1 1 1 1 ( + ) 2 cos C cos A sin B 2 Cng v theo v ta c BT ng VD5: Cho VABC nhn 5.1 / cot 3 A + cot 3 B + cot 3 C + cot A cot B cot C cot A cot B cot C 3A 3B 3C AB B C CA 5.2 / sin + sin + sin cos cos cos 2 2 2 2 2 2 sin A sin( A B)sin( A C ) sin B sin( B C )sin( B A) sin C sin(C A) sin(C B) 5.3 / + + 0 sin( B + C ) sin( A + C ) sin( A + B )

Bi gii 5.1 / cot 3 A + cot 3 B + cot3 C + cot A cot B cot C cot A cot B cot C t x = cot A y = cot B y = cot C BT tr thnh x 3 + y 3 + z 3 + 6 xyz x + y + z 3xyz (*) Li c xy + yz + xz = 1 x 2 y + xyz + x 2 z = x x2 ( y + z ) = x xyz cmtt : y 2 ( x + z ) = y xyz z 2 ( x + y ) = z xyz Khi VP(*)= x 2 ( y + z ) + y 2 ( x + z ) + z2 ( x + y ) x 3 + y 3 + z 3 + 6 xyz (ng-BT Schur) 5.2 / sin 3A 3B 3C A B B C CA + sin + sin cos + cos + cos 2 2 2 2 2 2 3A B C 3B CA 3C CA sin cos + sin cos + sin cos 0(**) 2 2 2 2 2 2 A B C = = + + = 90o 2 2 2 2 2 2

t =

3A BC cos = sin 3 cos(90o 2 ) = sin 3 sin( + 2 ) 2 2 1 1 = cos(2 + )sin( ) = sin( )sin( ) 2 2 3B AC 1 cmtt : sin cos = sin( )sin( ) 2 2 2 3C A B 1 sin cos = sin( )sin( ) 2 2 2 sin (**) sin( )sin( ) + sin( )sin( ) + sin( )sin( ) 0 (bn c t chng minh)
5.3 / sin A sin( A B )sin( A C ) sin B sin( B C ) sin( B A) sin C sin(C A)sin(C B ) + + 0 sin( B + C ) sin( A + C ) sin( A + B ) sin A sin( A B ) sin( A + B) sin( A C ) sin( A + C ) + sin B sin( B C ) sin( B + C ) sin( B A )sin(A + B )

+ sin C sin(C A)sin(C + A)sin(C B ) sin( B + C ) 0 Ta c : 1 sin A sin( A B)sin( A + B) sin( A C )sin( A + C ) = sin A( cos2 A cos2 B)( cos2 A cos 2 ) C 4 = sin A(sin 2 A sin 2 B)(sin 2 A sin 2 C )

cmtt : sin B sin( B C ) sin( B + C ) sin( B A) sin( A + B ) = sin B (sin2 B sin2 A)(sin2 B sin 2 C) sin C sin(C A) sin(C + A) sin(C B ) sin( B + C ) = sin C (sin2 C sin2 A)(sin2 C sin 2 B)

BT sin A(sin 2 A sin 2 B )(sin 2 A sin 2 C ) 0 t x = sin A y = sin B z = sin C x ( x 2 y 2 )( x 2 z2 ) + y ( y2 z2 )( y2 z2 ) + z ( z2 x2 )( z2 x2 ) 0 (bn c t chng minh) VD6:Cho VABC .CMR ha hb hc 4r + + 1+ la lb lc R Bi gii 2 S bc sin A ha = = h b+c A sin B + sin C A BC a a a = sin = sin = cos la a 2 sin A 2 2 2bc A la = cos b+c 2 hb C A hc A B cmtt : = cos = cos lb 2 lc 2 r A B C 4r A B C = 1 + 16sin sin sin Li c : = 4sin sin sin 1 + R 2 2 2 R 2 2 2 A B BC CA A B C + cos + cos 1 + 16sin sin sin BT tr thnh : cos 2 2 2 2 2 2 Ta c:
cos

A B B C CA A B B C CA + cos + cos cos 2 + cos 2 + c os 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 BC CA A B 2 A B 2 B C 2 C A cos + cos + c os [2 + 4cos cos cos 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 B C B +C CA A+C A B A+ B cos cos cos cos cos cos 1 B C CA A B 2 2 2 2 2 2 [2 + 4cos cos cos = 1+ 2 A B C 2 2 2 2 cos cos cos 2 2 2 B C B +C CA A+C A B A+B A B C cos cos cos cos cos cos (sin B +sin C )(sin A +sin B )(sin A +sin C )8sin si n sin 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 + 2. 1 . 2 2 2 1+ 2 A B C 8 sin Asin Bsin C cos cos cos 2 2 2 A B C A B C sin A sin B sin B sin C sin C sin A.8sin sin sin 1 (sin B + sin C )(sin A + sin B )(sin A + sin C )sin 2 sin 2 sin 2 2 2 2 ( AM GM ) 1 + 2. . 1 + 2. 8 sin Asin B sin C sin A sin B sin C

Khi : cos

A B BC CA A B C + cos + cos 1 + 16sin sin sin (ng) 2 2 2 2 2 2