H NI 9/2011

Cu hi 1: Bn hy cho bit v ngy truyn thng ng H Ch Minh trn bin; Nhng bn, bi ca ng H Ch Minh m lch s ghi nhn, l nhng bn bi no u: Ngy truyn thng:

Ngy23/10/1961 B Tng t lnh ra quyt nh s 97/QP thnh lp on 759 vn ti thy, lc lng ban u c 38 cn b chin s do ng ch trung t on Hng Phc lm on trng. Ngy 23/10 tr thnh ngy truyn thng ca on 759 trc y, L on 125 Hi qun ngy nay, ng thi l Ngy m ng H Ch Minh trn bin. Nm 1954 sau khi hip nh Ginev v ng dng c k kt, trong khi ch tng tuyn c Vit Nam, v tuyn 17 c chn lm gii tuyn qun s tm thi lc lng v trang hai bn tp kt. Thng 6/1954, M lp chnh ph Ng nh Dim, tng cng vin tr kinh t, qun s cho chnh quyn Ng nh Dim, ban hnh lut 10/59 v Lut s 21, l my chm i khp min Nam. Nhng" con tu khng s" Trc tnh hnh Hi ngh ln th 15, BCH Trung ng ng kha II hp ti H Ni xc nh con ng gii phng min Nam l con ng Cch mng bo lc. Theo ch th ca B chnh tr, thng 5/1959, Tng qun y Trung ng quyt nh thnh lp Phng nghin cu hot ng chi vin qun s cho min Nam.

Thc hin ch trng ca ng v qun y trung ng ngy 19/5/1959 on cng tc qun s c bit (n v tin thn ca on 559 c thnh lp). Thng 7/1959 Tiu on 603 c thnh lp c nhim v nghin cu tm phng thc vn chuyn trn bin chi vin cho chin trng min Nam. Cui nm 1959, i i 1, Tiu on 603 t chc chuyn thuyn vt bin u tin, vi nhim v ch 5 tn v kh v thuc cha bnh cho chin trng khu V. Tuy nhin do thi tit xu, chuyn i khng thnh cng, Qun y Trung ng quyt nh cho Tiu on 603 ngng hot ng. T 1959-1961, Qun y Trung ng tip tc nghin cu, tm con ng vn ti trn bin chi vin v kh, n dc cho chin trng min Nam. n 23/10/1961 B Tng t lnh ra quyt nh s 97/QP thnh lp on 759 vn ti thy, lc lng ban u c 38 cn b chin s do ng ch trung t on Hng Phc lm on trng. Ngy 23/10 tr thnh ngy truyn thng ca on 759 trc y, L on 125 Hi qun ngy nay, ng thi l Ngy m ng H Ch Minh trn bin. Sau nhiu chuyn trinh st, m ngy 11/10/1962 chic tu g u tin ch 30 tn v kh ri bn Sn (Hi Phng) ln ng i C Mau. Ngy 19/10, tu vo bn Vm Lng, 30 tn v kh t hu phng min Bc c chin trng Min Nam tip nhn an ton. ng bin ni lin hu phng ln min Bc v tin tuyn ln min Nam thnh hin thc, to tin cho nhng chuyn vn chuyn thnh cng tip theo ca cn b, chin s on 759. m bo b mt nhng chic tu ca on 759 phi ci hon thnh tu nh c, khng c s hiu c nh, xen k, tr trn v nhng on tu nh c ca ng dn a phng trn bin nn thng c gi l on tu khng s.

Khi tuyn ng vn ti trn bin c khai thng, ch tch H Ch Minh gi in biu dng, khen ngi ng thi nhc nh cn b, chin s on 759: ...hy nhanh chng rt kinh nghim, tip tc vn chuyn nhanh hn na, nhiu hn na v kh cho ng bo min Nam git gic. Qua nhng chuyn tu v g i vo C Mau thng li khng nh ta c th vn chuyn bng ng bin lu di, v vy cn c nhng phng tin vn chuyn tt hn i trong mi thi tit. Qun y Trung ng ch trng nhanh chng u t, trang b cho on 759 loi tu v st trng ti t 50-100 tn. Ngy 17/3/1963, chic tu v st u tin ch 44 tn v kh ln ng bo bn Tr Vinh an ton. Thng 8/1963, Qun y trung ng quyt nh giao on 759 trc thuc Qun chng Hi qun, Ngy 29/1/1964, B Quc phng quyt nh i phin hiu on 759 thnh on 125. Vi phng chm to bo b mt - bt ng cc cn b chin s ca nhng con tu khng s vt qua nhng th thch c lit, khc phc kh khn vn chuyn chi vin cho chin trng min Nam. Trong mi nm (1961-1972) lm nhim v cn chuyn, on 125 t chc gn 600 chuyn tu, vn chuyn gn 33.000 tn hng ha bao gm sng n, thuc cha bnh v cc trang b qun s cho chin trng min Nam gp phn nh thng cc chin lc Chin tranh c bit, Chin tranh cc b v Vit Nam ha chin tranh ca quc M. Trong 2 nm 1973-1974, on huy ng 380 lt tu ra khi, chuyn tr trn 43 nghn tn hng, a 2.042 lt cn b, chin s t hu phng ra tin tuyn v t t lin ra cc o, vt qua chng ng 158.292 hi l an ton. Trong chin dch H Ch Minh lch s vi tinh thn Thn tc, to bo ch ngi v v kh vo mt trn. Trong thng 3 v thng 4/1975 on vn chuyn 17.473 cn b, chin s cc n v ch lc vo chin trng, 40 xe tng v 7.786 tn v kh, nhin liu...gp phn gii phng hon ton min Nam, thng nht t nc. Vi nhng thnh tch c bit xut sc trong chin u v phc v chin u, ngy 3/6/.1976, on 125 c ng, Nh nc tuyn dng danh hiu n v Anh hng Lc lng v trang nhn dn ln th hai. ng H Ch Minh trn bin hon thnh trn vn v c bit xut sc nhim v chi vin chin lc cho chin trng min Nam. T 1961-1975, cn b, chin s trn tuyn vn ti bin vt qua mun vn gian kh, khc phc kh khn, mu tr, dng cm, to bo, vt qua sng to gi ln; vt qua s phong ta c lit, vy rp gt gao ca k th. Hng trm lt tu ra khi, hng ngn tn v kh, hng ha, thuc cha bnh v hng chc ngn lt ngi t hu phng ln vo tin tuyn ln, trc tip gp phn cng ton dn a cuc khng chin chng M cu nc n thng li hon ton. Nhng bn bi:

ng H Ch Minh trn bin i vo lch s, nhng bn tu trn tuyn ng ny nh bn tu khng s K15 Sn (Hi Phng), bn tu khng s Lc An (B Ra Vng Tu), bn tu khng s Vng R (Ph Yn), bn Vm Lng (C Mau) tr thnh nhng khu di tch lch s thu ht nhiu du khch v mt s ni c B Vn ha, Th thao v Du lch cng nhn l Di tch lch s Quc gia.

Cu hi 2: ngha, tm quan trng ca ng H Ch Minh trn bin i vi cuc khng chin chng M cu nc? ng H Ch Minh trn bin hon thnh trn vn v c bit xut sc nhim v chi vin chin lc cho chin trng min Nam. T 1961 n 1975, cn b, chin s trn tuyn vn ti bin vt qua mun vn gian kh, khc phc kh khn, mu tr, dng cm, to bo; vt qua sng to, gi ln; vt qua s phong to c lit, vy rp gt gao ca k th. Hng trm lt tu ra khi, hng ngn tn v kh, hng ha, thuc cha bnh v hng chc ngn lt ngi t hu phng ln vo tin tuyn ln, trc tip gp phn cng ton dn a cuc khng chin chng M, cu nc n thng li hon ton. Cng vi ng H Ch Minh trn dy Trng Sn, ng H Ch Minh trn bin l mt nt c o, c sc, sng to ca ng li chin tranh nhn dn, th hin tm nhn chin lc ca ng cng sn Vit Nam v Ch tch H Ch Minh; tr thnh biu tng t ho ca c dn tc Vit Nam, hin thn ca ch kht vng c lp, t do v thng nht T quc; l tr tu, ch quyt chin, quyt thng ca ton ng, ton dn, ton qun ta trong cuc khng chin chng M, cu nc; trong cn b, chin s Hi qun nhn dn Vit Nam, m trc tip l on 759 trc y, on vn ti qun s 125 v L on 125 ngy nay l lc lng nng ct. Thi gian s qua i, nhng huyn thoi v ng H Ch Minh trn bin vn mi mi ngi sng trong trang s oanh lit ca dn tc ta nh mt thin anh hng ca bt t, t thm truyn thng nh gic, gi nc ca dn tc, Qun i v Qun chng Hi qun nhn dn Vit Nam anh hng, tip thm sc mnh cho mi th h phn u thc hin thng li nhim v xy dng v bo v T quc Vit Nam x hi ch ngha Cu hi 3: Nhng thnh tch c bn ca on tu khng s trong nhng nm thng chng M cu nc? Trong sut 14 nm lin tc (1961-1975) tuyn ng H Ch Minh trn bin, huyn thoi ca b i Hi qun c 1.789 chuyn tu khng s vn chuyn 150 ngn tn v kh trang b v 80 ngn lt cn b, vt qua hng vn hi l, khc phc hn 4.000 qu thy li, chng chi hn 20 cn bo, chin u hn 30 ln vi tu ch, nh tr 1.200 ln my bay ch tp kch, bn ri 5 chic v bn chy nhiu tu xung ca ch, hon thnh xut sc nhim v, gp phn chi vin c lc cho nhiu hng chin trng, nhiu chin dch ln, nhiu a bn trng yu m ng b cha vi ti c. Cu hi 4: Hy cho bit v ngi thuyn trng ca on tu khng s c t tn cho mt hn o ca nc ta hin nay? Hy nu mt trong nhng chin cng ca thuyn trng ? Ngi thuyn trng ca on tu khng s c t tn cho mt hn o ca nc ta hin nay l o Phan Vinh (thuc Qun o Trng Sa), l Nguyn Phan Vinh (Qu du 1933 Mu thn 1968). Lit s, anh hng lc lng v trang nhn dn, sinh nm 1933 ti thn Bnh Ninh, x in Nam, huyn in Bn, tnh Qung Nam. Sau ngy ton quc khng chin (19-12-1946) ng tn c vo sng Tam K i hc, l hc sinh trng Trung hc Tam K II (Tam Thi) ti lng Khnh Th. n nm 1954 ang gia nm hc ca lp 7 (tng ng lp 9 by gi) ng xung phong nhp ng, ri tp kt ra min Bc. n nm 1963 ng l Trung y thuyn trng hi qun. u nm 1967 ng ch huy on tu khng s vt ng H Ch Minh hay ng Trng Sn trn bin ng vi nhim v chuyn ch v kh qun dng chi vin cho chin trng min Nam. n thng 7 nm 1968 ng anh dng

vt qua bao th thch, gian kh ch huy c 11 chuyn tu hi qun ti ch an tan. Ngy 27/2/1968, tu 235 do thuyn trng Nguyn Phan Vinh ch huy ri qun cng Hi Phng mang theo hn 14 tn v kh (chuyn th 11) vo Hn Ho, mt cn c ca qun v dn ta cch Nha Trang 12 km v pha bc thuc 2 x Ninh Phc v Ninh Vn, huyn Ninh Ha. 0h ngy 1/3/1968, khi vo gn n b, tu 235 b ch pht hin v tn cng c lit. Thuyn trng Nguyn Phan Vinh ch huy cc chin s trn tu chng tr quyt lit, n sng n vin n cui cng v hy sinh vi con tu bng khi lng hng tn bc ph do chnh tay mnh t hy, khng li mt cht du vt ... Ngy 25/8/1970, thuyn trng lit s Nguyn Phan Vinh c truy tng danh hiu Anh hng Lc lng v trang nhn dn. T , tn o Phan Vinh c ghi trn bn bin, o Vit Nam v tr thnh nim t ho ca cc th h cn b, chin s trn o. Cu hi 5: Bn c suy ngh g v nhng con ngi, nhng chin cng v con ng huyn thoi trn bin mang tn lnh t H Ch Minh? (bi vit khng qu 2000 t). Trong cuc khng chin chng M, cu nc v i ca nhn dn ta, thc hin quyt tm chin lc ca ng m ng vn chuyn chin lc chi vin cho chin trng min Nam, lc lng vn ti qun s ng bin mu tr, sng to, vt qua mi kh khn th thch c lit v chin thng v vang. Mi chuyn ra i l mt cuc u tr cng thng, quyt lit vi k th, vi thin nhin, vi mi kh khn, th thch. Cn b, chin s on tu khng s, vi trang b hng hi th s, nhng bng trnh v kinh nghim dy dn, nm vng k thut iu khin tu v kh nng phn on thi tit, nm vng a hnh, hng hi thin vn, i c bin xa cp bn an ton. n cui cng trong mi ngi dn Vit Nam chng ta c kt li mt s tht khng bao gi thay i ng H Ch Minh trn bin tr thnh mt thin anh hng ca bt t, mt b phn quan trng trong h thng vn ti qun s chin lc trong cuc khng chin chng xm lc, gii phng t nc, xy dng nn truyn thng v vang , a c nc tin ln ch ngha x hi .