Tm tt bi ging in t thng tin

Chng 4

CHNG 4 IU CH TNG T
1. Khi nim Tn hiu tin tc : V (t ) = V cos t Tn hiu ti tin : V 0 (t ) = V0 cos( 0 t + 0 )

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iu ch tng t l lm thay i 1 trong 3 thnh phn ca ti tin (V0, 0 , 0 ) - Cc loi iu ch tin tc : AM , FM , PM , SSB , DSB. - Cc loi iu ch s : ASK , PSK .. - Cc loi iu ch xung : PWM , PAM , PPM
2. iu bin AM : (Amplitude Modulation )

iu bin AM lm thay i thnh phn bin ca ti tin theo tin tc VAM (t) = ( V0 + V cos t ) cos 0 t
=> VAM (t) = Vo (1 +

V cos t ) cos 0 t Vo

VAM (t) = Vo (1 + m cos t ) cos 0 t vi m: h s iu ch : + m > 1 : qu iu ch + m = 1 : iu ch su + m < 1 : ( 0,7 0,8 ) : thit k Dng sng :

Ths. Nguyn Trng Hi

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Tm tt bi ging in t thng tin

Chng 4

V (t ) V

V0 (t )
V0

V0
V0 + V V0

V AM (t )

V0 + V

V0 + V V0 V0 V
Hnh 4.1

Ph ca tn hiu iu bin : VAM (t) = V0 (1 + m cos t ) cos 0 t = V0 cos 0 t +

m m V0 cos( 0 + )t + V0 cos( 0 )t 2 2

m V0 2

V0

m V0 2

Hnh 4.2

Ths. Nguyn Trng Hi

0 0 +

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Tm tt bi ging in t thng tin

Chng 4

Cng sut ti tin : P 0 =

V02 2 RL

V0 = Vcm1

RL = RCE (EC) = RCB (BC) Cng sut bin tn :

mV0 2 2 = P .m Pbt ( 0 + ) = Pbt ( 0 ) = 0 2 RL 4 Cng sut 2 bin tn :
Pbt = 2 Pbt ( 0 + ) = P 0 . VAMmax = Vo(1 + m) Vi m = 1 => VAMmax = 2V0 PAM max = [V0 .(1 + m)]2 = P 0 (1 + m) 2 2 RL m2 2 nu m = 1 => Pbt =
P 0 2
2

Vi m = 1 => PAMmax = 4 P 0 Chn : PCmax ca BJT > PAMmax PAM = P 0 (1 + m2 ) 2

Pbt 1 = 2 PAM +1 m2

H s li dng : k =

Vi m = 1 => k = 1/3 m = 0,5 => k = 1/9

BI TP

Bi 1: Cho tn hiu AM c : V0max = 50 V ; V0min = 10 V ; RL = 2,2 K Tm m ;

mV0 ; Pbt ; PAM , k v v ph ca tn hiu AM 2

Bi 2: Cho tn hiu iu bin vi m = 0,5 ; f = 10 KHz Ti tin c : V0 = 15 V ; f0 = 10 MHz ; RL = 1 K a) Vit phng trnh biu din tn hiu VAM (t) b) V ph ca tn hiu iu bin

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Tm tt bi ging in t thng tin c) Tm P 0 ; Pbt ; hiu sut

Chng 4

d) Tnh khung cng hng ti u vo my thu thu c tn hiu AM trn bit: Ranten thu = 75 iu bin bng diode :
Cng VAM(t)

V0 (t )

V (t )

RL

Hnh 4.3 c tuyn V _ A va diode : iD = f (VD) = a0 + a1V + a2V2 + a3V3 + VD = V1 + V2 iD = f(V1+V2)=a0 + a1(V1+V2) + a2(V1+V2)2 +.. =a0 + a1V1+a1V2+a2V12 + 2a2V1V2 + a2V22 + a3V13 +. c : VAM = ( V0 + V cos t ) cos 0 t = V0 cos 0 t + V cos t cos 0 t a 1V 1 2a2V1V2

Khung BWmin =

f0 =2 Q D1

iu bin cn bng dng diode i

(t )

V2 V2

V1 C D2 i

Hnh 4.4 VD1 = V1 + V2 iD1 = f(V1+V2)=a0 + a1(V1+V2) + a2(V1+V2)2 +.. =a0 + a1V1+a1V2+a2V12 + 2a2V1V2 + a2V22 + a3V13 +. VD2 = V1 - V2

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Tm tt bi ging in t thng tin iD2 = f(V1-V2)=a0 + a1(V1-V2) + a2(V1-V2)2 +.. =a0 + a1V1-a1V2+a2V12 - 2a2V1V2 + a2V22 + a3V13 +. Vy i

Chng 4

(t ) =iD1-iD2=4a2V1V2 +2a1V2+2a3V22 + 6a3V12V2

S dng khung cng hng LC u ra lc ly thnh phn 4a2V1V2, y cng chnh l tn hiu AM.
3. iu tn & iu pha :
V (t ) = V cos t

V 0 (t ) = V0 cos( 0 t + ) = V0 cos( (t ))

Quan h : 0 =

d ( t ) dt

(*)

iu tn : t = 0 + kV cos t iu pha : T (*) => (t ) = (t )dt = 0 t + k VFM(t) = V0 cos(0 t + k

V cos t + 0

V sin t + 0 )

VPM(t) = V0 cos( 0 t + kV cos t + 0 )

di tn cc i : = kV Ch s iu tn : mf =
kV =

Ch s iu pha : m p = kV =

Dng sng iu tn
V

- V

V0

- V0 Ths. Nguyn Trng Hi Trang 5

Tm tt bi ging in t thng tin

Chng 4

iu tn dng Varicap
CV(pF)

R
50 40 30 20 10 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 V

CV

Hnh
CV = C in + e
n

Vi

Cin : in dung bt u khi e = 0

: hiu in th tip xc
Ge = 0,2; Si = 0,7
e = V pc + e e = V cos t + V0 cos 0 t

n: h s vi n=1/3;1/2;1;2

in dung ca Varicap ti Vpc

CV 0 = C in +V pc
n

Cc dng khung dng Varicap:

di tn ca cc khung:
V 1 nf 0 . +V 2 pc

f a =

Ths. Nguyn Trng Hi

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Tm tt bi ging in t thng tin V 1 nf 0 . +V 2 pv CV 0 C +C V0

Chng 4

f b =

f C =

V 1 nf 0 2 + V pc

C C +C V0

BI TP Cho c tuyn ca varicap nh sau :

CV(pF)

50 40 30 20 10 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 V

Hnh v

= 0,7V ; f0 = 100 MHz ; f = 100 KHz ; Q = 50 ; L = 0,1 H

Xc nh a. CV0 ; C ; V ; fmax ; fmin ; CV ti fmax , fmin ca cc khung b khi Vpc = 6V b. CV0 ; C ; V ; fmax ; fmin ; CV ti fmax , fmin ca cc khung c khi Vpc = 5V iu tn dng Varicap n :
VCC Cng R2 Cng CVO RFC V R1 RE C2 L VFM Cng

Hnh BI TP : Thit k mch iu tn dng Varicap n c : f 0 = 100 MHz; f = 100 KHz; L = 0,1H BJT c : 0,3 f > f 0 ; h fe = 50; PC max = 16W ;VCE max = 50V
Bit Varicap c c tuyn ging nh bi tp trc

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