Khi nim c bn C#

Trn Anh Tun A

Ni dung

Gii thiu C# Ch nng cao trong C#

Nhng c s ngn ng C# Lp v i tng Tha k v a hnh Cu trc Giao din Array , Indexer , v Collection Chui X l li & exception (bit l) Delegate v Event

Gii thiu C#

c pht trin bi i ng k s ca Microsoft. Dn u l : Anders Hejlsberg v Scott Wiltamuth C# l mt ngn ng :

n gin Hin i Hng i tng Mnh m & Mm do t t kho

Gii thiu C#

C# l mt ngn ng n gin :

Loi b nhng phc tp c trong Java hay C++ nh macro , template , a k tha , virtual base class Ging v din mo c php C v C++ nhng c ci tin n gin hn (V d : :: , . , ch cn .
C y cc tnh nng : X l ngoi l , thu gom b nh t ng , kiu d liu an ton, bo mt m ngun

C# l mt ngn ng hin i :

Gii thiu C#

C# l ngn ng hng i tng :

ng gi (encapsulation) K tha (inheritance) a hnh (polymorphism)

Tu thuc vo bn thn ngi dng. Khng c gii hn bn cht ngn ng. To cc ng dng ho, bn tnh, x l vn bn, trnh bin dch cho cc ngn ng khc v.v

C# l mt ngn ng mnh m v mm do :

Gii thiu C#

C# c t t kho :

Nhng c s ngn ng C#

Cc ghi ch : // (1 dng) , /* (nhiu dng) */ #region : T kho using : gip s dng lp c sn ca khng gian tn no tin li hn

VD : using System.IO; T s dng c cc lp lm vic vi lung d liu , tp tin , th mc a v.v

Nhp : string sInput ; sInput = System.Console.ReadLine(); (chuyn kiu : System.Convert.To????(sInput) ) Xut : System.Console.WriteLine(KQ = {0}, sInput);

ng dng dng console:

Nhng c s ngn ng C#

Phn bit ch hoa ch thng C cc kiu :

Dng sn : byte , char , sbyte , int , float , double Hng : const int PI = 3.1416; Lit k : enum Ngay {Hai,Ba,Tu,Nam,Sau,Bay,CN}; foreach : vng lp duyt tt c cc phn t ca mng , tp hp
VD : int[] intarray; intarray = new int[5]; foreach(int i in intarray) Console.WriteLine(i.ToString());

Cu lnh : if else , switch , for , while , goto

Nhng c s ngn ng C#

To vng tn (namespace)

Lp v i tng

Khai bo , to dng v s dng lp

Lp v i tng
Phng thc thit lp (Constructor) Phng thc thit lp sao chp Phng thc hu S dng using ( hm hu t ng gi trong thi gian sm nht)

Lp v i tng

Tham chiu

Trong lp Time

S dng

Lp v i tng

ng gi d liu vi Property

Lp ngi c chui m_sHoten Ci t Property HoTen

S dng Property
Nguoi A = new Nguoi(); A.HoTen = Tran Anh Tuan; string tentoi = A.HoTen;

Tha K & a Hnh

Tha k : : Boxing & UnBoxing

a Hnh : virtual

Boxing : chuyn i kiu gi tr thnh kiu Object UnBoxing : Tr kt qu mt i tng v gi tr

Cu Trc
Cch dng : Location loc = new Location(200,300);

Console.WriteLine(KQ = {0}, loc );

Giao din

To mt giao din

M rng giao din & Kt hp giao din

Giao din

Cch s dng :

Ton t is : kim tra xem i tng c c h tr giao din hay khng (VD doc is IStorable) Ton t as : Kim tra v gn

Array , Indexer , v Collection

Array :

S dng lp System.Array (s c h tr rt
nhiu cc tnh nng khc nh :copy , sort , inverse)

Indexer : tng t nh Property nhng l ly theo index

Cch dng :

Array , Indexer , v Collection

.Net Framework cung cp mt s giao din chun sau :

Chui

Khai bo : ToString() : chuyn mi kiu v string (Object) Ghp chui : + (VD : string s = b + , +c;) Ly k t th i: s[i]; Ly chiu di : s.length Chui con : s.Substring(begin,end); Thay th : s.Replace( chuoi1 , chuoi2 )

Chui

nh dng chui

Cc thnh vin lp string

Compare() so snh hai chui Copy() to bn sao Insert() chn chui Split() ct chui v.v. Trim(), TrimEnd(),TrimStart() ToUpper() , ToLower() v.v.

X l li & exception (bit l)

Exception cha cc thng tin v s c bt thng ca chng trnh Phn bit bug , error , v exception Chng trnh d khng cn bug hay error vn c th cho ra cc exception ( truy cp , b nh ) C th dng cc i tng exception c sn , t to exception , hay bt exception trong exception (trong trng hp sa li )

X l li & exception (bit l)

Cu trc x l li

X l li & exception (bit l)

i tng Exception :

To bit l :

Delegate v Event

Delegate ( y thc , y quyn ) : gip gii quyt vn mun thc thi mt phng thc no ca mt i tng no nhng ngi lp trnh c th cha r lc thit k. Mt delegate cha tham chiu ti hm Cch khai bo

Access Modifier delegate [void] DelegateName()

Delegate v Event

Event : ng vi mi thao tc ngi dng s c mt s kin pht sinh , v chng trnh s phi p tr cho mi s kin ny. Khi nim Publishing v Subcribing

Publishing : Mt lp pht sinh s kin Subscribing : Cc lp c subscribe s nhn thng bo v s kin pht sinh , v thc thi

Event trong C# s c ci t bng delegate. Lp publish nh ngha mt delegate. Khi mt s kin pht sinh phng thc ca lp subscribe s c gi thng qua delegate

Delegate v Event

Bi sau

Window Form
Gii thiu v Window Form Gii thiu v cc control , hp thoi menu , custom control

Tc v File
Qun l th mc ,tm kim file , folder Di chuyn, sao chp, hu cc file v folder c v ghi vn bn trong cc file