ws | Please stick the barcode label here. —— Section A (54 marks) ‘Answer ALL questions in this section and write your answers in the spaces provided in this Question-Answer Book ‘Question No. T Hi 3 4 3 6 a 8 ‘Marks 3 6 6 3 7 8 6 8 1 aircraft radar sation Figure 1 Figure 2 RADAR (RAdio Detecting And Ranging) is a useful device in air traffic control. In Figure 1, an aircraft is flying near a radar station. A pulse of electromagnetic wave with a speed of 3x10® ms“ and a frequency of 1.2 x 10° Hz is emitted from the radar station towards the aircraft. (@) Find the wavelength ofthe electromagnetic wave @ marks) (b) The electromagnetic wave pulse which is emitted is reflected by the aircraft back to the radar station, The emitted and reflected pulses are displayed on the screen of a CRO as shown in Figure 2. The time-base setting of the CRO is $ ws per division (1 ws = 10° s). Estimate the distance between the radar station and the aircraft. G marks) 2006-CE-PHY 1-3 49 Please do not write in the marginPage total 2. RADAR, as mentioned in Question 1, is a useful device 10 detect aircraft. However, the airforces of many countries try to build aircraft that can hide away from their enemies. Read the following passage about a stealth bomber (see Figure 3). r Stealth Bomber ‘There are some special features in the design of the stealth Bomber to make it invisible to enemy sensors. The aircraft { needs to blend in with the background visually and its engine needs to be very quiet. Furthermore, it needs to hide from ‘enemy radar and infrared sensors. Defending against radar detection, the surface of the stealth bomber is particularly ood at absorbing radio waves. More importantly, the large flat areas on the top and bottom of the aircraft reflect most incoming radio waves away from the radar station in the same ‘manner as plane mirrors usually reflect light rays away from light sources. In regard to infrared sensors typically picking up on hot engine exhaust, a of the exhausts in a stealth bomber ppass through cooling vents before flowing out of the plane With the designs mentioned above, a stealth bomber has the ability to fly almost undetected through enemy airspace. ‘Source: http://scienge howstuffworks. comn/stealth-bomber3.himn (2) @_ In Figure 4, draw a ray to show how a wave from the radar is reflected at the bottom of the stealth bomber. (1 mark) stealth bomber —.. radar station Figure 4 Gi) If the stealth bomber flies horizontally to a particular position around the radar, it can be detected by the radar. Mark this position with a symbol in Figure 4. (mark) 2006-CE-PHY 1-4 50 Please do not write in the marginPage total Please stick the barcode label here. (b) _Allofthe exhausts in a stealth bomber pass through cooling vents before flowing out of the plane. Explain how this can help the stealth bomber to hide away from enemy detection. @maris) (© Apart from the designs which help prevent the stealth bomber being detected by radar and infrared sensors, state two other essential features which are important in building the stealth ‘bomber so that it can hide away from enemy detection. (2 marks) 2006-CE-PHY 1-5 31 Please do not write in the margin