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fipoi Pa APCP ttpo aoJtePoi
AP. e 1940 p.

l6t

oia oorr Bepxooi Pa ioi PCP M.ryx

y ilo fiparoi P. CCP..po pry
)rloo opolly Mo.oi CP, i propii'
o pl!ae o paioi PCP". 22 tl 19 p.

l3

By

ogr a pelra olllt|oo CPCP IIeJrr)KIltlx epB

gallo 3olroip eao iopoo poIKyalioao-p)IBlrx
yrope' o xoIlll o oo ay. 3aooip e ao] , o B
ei opIrII eaJlexlx ep]Ka oio poca itre o poel}t
o'ax 3 opya epropi, i o oialo. llre e
oa e i i e ci B iIlaaiil, y avif, oli.
Kopo - ei'a oIral(a yeiey y-oi ep)Ir. Bo e
oo'o eeeo, o plr opy Iirlroo pxraIr
epopiaoo opaiy. e io aerr i ope axx
opoi.pxma He ole eTIr Boe ypee p8 a opabIri
laoi oiaJlIrooioi
Il. op 3 I{ peeIr o
irepy B orry p.roi oiK eo ai y oi po3y
oii. Ae op Be ' d o io i oro i
oixe epopiax . Ta iopya, ir
oi ex cyi Ko}rIlloo Cotoy PCP i ilx pai, 'toe
y parr oia.
tlo ocalroo ay ea ipryialrKlrx opoi pao
e oi:yBaa paIr iopa. epea:aa ei
aia po e' o opoIr i pa yia . ra
e (oIre' )Be' tpyople''l. o )r a poe' o ifi oya( i<oIi pa yia eo
ia, o poa oyoo ayae alli illoi oioi i
oi a. oy Ie I,rBlDeaoi, oepa a pya{ pyoBllllx ayoIrx oixe, ae ay o( iooo iropa
Iopi opya ep)KaIrlix opoi i io o'aa, 3
ooo oy, gITIi pooeJleIr ypai, a iloo - apo)qrlrIr{
i aor ypaioi pxaoi. eplo llx ya Kia
Py. Boa oxoIoaJr epopii i Boa o .i aerai

ypailr. Tpaf, poe ii opya ai a ai

I|aBoorpaBeoo(98G10l5 PP.).KopoKrrioiPyi
tr&,l a xoi pxi' pio o i Bo, a irroyxol _ Cy,
irioo otl, Poi i ioo yy, a axoi - 'icpa' Ka,
3aioo yry, Hiaa, axioi i, a ioi - yoo oepa,
ioi ao' aooo i oeoo oep. oa aeelrx
y iil aiifiy ei paii xI.xIII ., zura
yix eIr{eJI'
.o5 . l.2
(Deoaapoi' aapo-ooa BaJra'8xot|Il
tIo(FoKI{eoa xioi aIIypaix ee
IIapaa yIrpo po}r'(yypaioi epxaoi. r
pyi o.oiVII . agrrracix eaeexypai
ya o'eaa epx<ayi oo .Xe.Iloo.}Ie Jl
IIalt o ypaii eaaHaaJIIl
fr opo o a, i, o
i, ai,Biy, apai)K Boaoiaaee300 . f.3 a yo
iA oe. i oioi apoIr oy pi ipo<ea
pxllli Il lr{aJlao aoif,o eIr{ ii ix ex<,
Ileproplri ix y aio lei epx<ai KopoII. o x' oa
yea ya ya if,oo-oi o Poir. Cai
aoi yor (165a p.) -pe pia paio li
epropiaIllooi
a e eao IlP (Ir IBo
iopy ix, ai, lo lre aJI iIrx i:apaoI{x apai i
IIe pyllyBaJlc ga ix ep)aIrx oo'ax. CopI
aopoi oei, e I pyo oPyIIragooi pai. oo
aoi oaollo oa paiy ai x xaiI|x pro
pxaoi aoioi, i oIIa e aa' epeopr ii
..aoiy ii''.
3aepIIra poIloay pay Kaepa I I'
riityI Ci i iipI aIIy olliy Apxraoi a.
B ayi po i apI'{po ye, o otIT ..paia''
Iltlo Ir IIIe oix er' a il 3 a'i aoi.
pi oi oi |195 p. ca rrplroo o ooo eoiy
eix ypaix eeJr i.l oa iepi - Apifio i
Poio. B ai Poii oo i 8o,a Apii - 20 uei
ypaix elr{e.or aliicpai pop' apfi yp
ryya po e, opolr aoif,x aiipatllfx orr
e ia ypai giIt e)a. Toy a8 atl
oao poee ypaii oa oa ..aopoi''
yepi Kypli, Bolrexi,
Kyai, oy. B o )i(e a aao
poi ea .oai,apii, Kpoai. Ty pPoi
ai po cTIryBJIl,lo ie axoalr{.

l0

Taa yi' a y}lKy BKop)ai,oa ya a IreoJIaIro epeono a txy ipoxe ypaioi p:aoi. 1913
p. paii ei i Poioi iepii BxoIl o e' yepi:
Kioi, Booi, Kaepoaoi, oioi, orraoi,
Tapioi, Xapioi, epooi i pioi. oa oii o
aioao-ox aa 19L,I-1920 pp. peoo a
paelllr ypail,loo ay o aioa.oi ooiii' o opeIr
.aoiepx<aoi.
e Bepe ai Kioi Pyi a ai ai ypaix
gix e ya aola ypaia Ba. 3a p
o HP ii a axoi oa i iIr. eia, 3
a' yoa, oa xo i a o .ra yiI o Ka.y
3axioypaioi Haporoi Peyi. 22 ci 1919 p. yo ooIeo a po yy HP i y' op oo apai
a iope ael{ x<i ypaioo liapoy. }Ia ioi o i
yo pyveo ittii oi epiili a e o oi.
Bioio o ypaioi eopaioi e:i yo poIro opolr 3
Poie pafioi Kyp, xoa a Bopoe:i o Bio
epea:a da tlIax ypai ee aI{a o
e}ta ypioi ep)aIr. oo l{elpaoi Pa y i ioa
i Kpy. Ii aaa BpaBIl yp ealla .Copoaooi aJIe
y fiopii oi 1919 p. i aie y. B ioy
x paia p]KaBa B oy BBotIx aali oiaa epropi
:lJlllo oe 630 . 2, a pao Kpo, aIto Bopex.
, eitlo' 3aapa i yoo oa aJIa 690 . #.a
oaoo ep.opiai ex<i pai opya yoax iy.
PCP' K Kaooi ac CoIoy PCP. Birroio o ix<a.
Iroo pttIly p:l8oHa.lIrBaBo epp opo e:e).
oi px<.Ix eopyri apary ix<apoIr}'tpo}|i o'
oox(e 3Koo ary eoi apr ee i.
Cpa ix epey, ee apoy e I.te aioi yo
epxaBlroi eaexoi pairl, a yoy plroy poy lra
pooy oei.
| iB;/. oeipropi._ T.40. c.4|-42,
2 Kfiiioou,l B. Tepo'pi pir,r i
ryir' eeJI.Barr 2. - pa i' l943. - .l8.
3 Ta xe.
a Kfiif,ooul B. eopai ir i yix<rx MeJr.Brrr 2. Kpa _
Ji 1943._c'20.

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Brpe aII po lliolr'ep)KaHr aoBI{Ha pai yo
i apii epe I9|.I p. a Kioy ypolt,ty
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oopaBoy 'ii. B f,oo peouii aIlaao, o
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i a arIroy ie, o iyo 29 pe a Cioy
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aoBa' otl tlxoJl oix ym a.rx ipya _ apy iloo ipo y opri 3a Lay.

t2

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e oa 4 p |9|1 p.I{epaa Paa. 3 eeoi opaiauii
ypaioi ieieii oa Io peoplra y opi
apaell' aa llpeari ix ii oix
api., iloi pIt{Ilxopaiifi a i rapi yio
yia.
Ha ii ooy yo opao .pyeKoo - ao ia
yoo aioaoo py. 3 oo arooii i i ar
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i yo peo aai yioioo aIIoBa pii.
Haeei a i, o i poopy t aioao_
o pyx, IrA i ia IieaItBIlatt },py
o ottt{x o ypaioo llapoy oo asooii. B ooii
yaa oa' o TaoBf, yp. my v iloy ai o
pIlio o pxItIIe iore o oo oyay' _ o6o
o arooii i. oa yp, o i iroi pooB Bpalry
eoep)ay oiy, pio laTItBHo oTa o o pai.
,( eoopi ypaio eeais ya oa ea
oii, 3:lIlIlIoi yo oxoaT IIa lllxolvt iex
aao. ooo opi yepeKrr o aBKoo popii
afiytoi arooii. }Ia yy yioi eeii aBollo},tapaia
}fiUla oTaIt lra ex, e paiKe IIaeIl aotlo iIi:
e y e' ypi, a TaKox( o i aa Aepaoo
oii eii' xii a. ooi ypii i ltii _ oaci
ia ooo' opooi, Caooi a Kyoi ypi.
3oI a_ 3a a paio Kiy, oay,
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o oee yi, aepI|oae aio, xapia iypi,

l3

xpolrIr xi eay aic Poii, oyoJra

lltlx eoxJlic Ila ypailrIrlrr i aai eplropii.
i ox i ix g },p ottIoooo ix }|otl
ypaioi eaii i polr{ oo' o i tlIll| o'ai
poo aoooi pai iury Ie Bpoii
aoi op.
He irolll otl aot}r ypo, I{epaa Paa
opIr,IrtJIe erii, e aao, o iyll ii Bllot
yp BiI.{o ilo p ipi pyoo ttpoy pai a po
plrIry iaoIraellg gif,, poooreoo IlI arf. l0 vep
Irra P a I iea' oy o pooolllyBaa
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iro. He oi i ii Poii, e ppBa epxao
Poio, xa rrapo ypai a Boi ei e pao a
opya oi x'.
a i l]paroi P Tao Pt.y oae
pe rreo: ao aioy oi i Pa' aaI i, a
IlI|o' aooi, ao r ix. epIe oaaJlo I{a aooii
pai e-ao i ey.l Beo o oiy aoy ypi,
epea:r<airi i oo oa IIa Bop)i(Kx
oix. pye - aIro yp epe eoxii pl{ylllIr pyx
yii a amoi olo tlo' o B yoaJ(, i a a
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aepyv, Taof, p yI y a ioy ..o
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ltyi plo Pao. A a i iy ioi eaii
epa i o oyuriyalllr io ryaig ao ia a
op ypaioi opo. Ty aIr l,lx oeix Bo )
Ire aIoyBaJIo ypai. [ oyi epao Pao a
ooJIIrI| plrIr y oy( ix io i Poioo aii epBlr
o KBa pya ealli Taooo w ai o.Koo,
.Teea
a l.I]epei. i a poBopi poii iip
a}|aa 3r aie oIIe ypaioo lraioaIroBI{Booo pyxy' peyIr aoi iya oo ai. e
io oi 26 ptl i aafio apy]ex eoopi yo
otlyo opoyi. Taof, yp Ir|yIey a
eepa Cepapia (r oa op l|epaoi Pa)
opallo}t paooo ypai. B o epy L[epaa P
oo'yaa e po& aollx i ie arolroii
pai. eepa Cepeapia a aep(BlIt|c y rpoai.

l4

e oyi ooJleoi a ei opriaii rr, airo

x ya iyi oIr y rrai po e:i ocIlii ypaioo
ypy a aiipi opo i.
Ilair al(f, olt{ipKoail oi aB ypxy ui y
epoi. I, a )a, e i ypoBx oa, tt' iipi_
aci poooyB.Ilt po yo}r i a 3 poocy f,r i ay
yPy. po yoli IryIra a aa..aaoifia eopai'',
a IlIIyBala ypaiA aioaItlfr pyx y apai, epa

pooo reey paroufi.

oic xo
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aJra pai, epIio 4 ipoi opr.
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I{paa Pa yIia o paIloo piure tl a,
o'ax 3 tep)aoBope. l0 It' i iox ai yo
I{pelrop aolloIloo y pai ao..Cary oo
yi pai''. Ha:a, e y ato olt|y eapaTBlra,
olrry e eaua eri oo paoi paiaii.
Tao )P io Ba..Ca5r'' i aep ic oo
a oay ep .oT.loy ipyi eepaoy Ceapiaoi
Taoo ypy lra paii". H aIro epeB{UIa pa]rcra ili IIeB oo.,Ielror. I]e opao epr a e
epropii' a Ky aa pooyBaIr ogi paoi P.
Boa o<Baac'a ypi: Boo, oio,.
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pai ipa iru yi eooioy ioIi
pao. He axa iroi orii
po Poii' y
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opaT ai Ir yy ooi poyoB p]Kai. Toy,
xoa Taoa ipyi i Ilaa eaIrBy peai ep
poaKoi pai, Be ) )a ya xaea eao iric
eepaoo Ceapiay. epaa Paa x pao a
to ipy. Bpao o ya oea B.Beo. Ha
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iole o itlpyii oy a e, o poii ioo e
opl{ p pIr ipyi?'', - i ioi, -..pa o
Bio3',t.

l5

ah<e ipay it cao ioo, o e]i aooii eylo

'a ypi, ir.x aeerrx ypailtllr pooa
pyx a pIIa o pi.
Ilairr Taoo ypy :ori |9|1 p. optro paoi
Par p}ly oxig lrop JIay a p'Ily ypaix
epopi, a ao)i( pooo oi paa a i oi yiix yepi'
ypaii ao iri ae: paopoltK,
yA, Hooo Kyoi, ayrr a oyva
Boeoi, a o}t( Ira allly o.rroi, eoi a ioi
yepifig.
I{epaa Pa e ipaa )l(oeoo ttoa. Boa aa
Pay Haporx Koiapi Ie yp l]epaoi Poii. Pao ,
i paire l{paa Paa aaa afiye pai ioy
eoy 'y Poie. Toy e Cepapia oio
peaya a y IIpo eIaparci elll|ii paii. ioi
..pia ae y y
22 >otl (2 oaa) i e pa iptlB' o
ai (Deepaoi Pyi Poif,oi pioae i'10. i
oa ypa Kyai, oy Cipy epaa Paa apaa
oii pore o peoopi eo ocyalr llooo
eptaBlroro yopelrlr. e pa oxirric eepaoo B'y
Poio ya ip)ea y III ieai, ootlloy oai

r9r1p.

H :a, paIry e epay Poi, I{rrpaa Pa e

a o y y)e :t<iII ep)KaIr, o I{Ka' a. I epu
3a oe e B3lrae fr er eapoai III iao olltl y ao
a,IIllt.tti.

oa pollro oi pi o oe porTo ixt

paio i Poi. iIo, i a PHK epaIr
oaBIl o poey ep)aBoBope B
yp i{ Poii, oxr
ii. Bo aa;rB IIo}|ypaJIty apoy yrpe i ee
oi a. .[ eaxoi a yo poeav ai
iy at.{oo yioo llapoy. oi ax oi
i: ia orroo ao ax iloi_ypai
.Cpa:,,!, iloi i aroiaii paia e iyaa
lioa;a o''. or iepi ypix iIoi .'ao
iepo JrKaB..opo toiicIrI{Tpei yi'll.
Hiii ixi o aioaoi eprraoi oy itoi
poBJr yoi a epopii pai py paIrx i
* oeIo_Kppioi, ooi, Tapi.
po ll irprri ouii i: eo Pao i Po

,t6

tlx Koiapi ao eII ex irrol lraTpoIrx

iox aIl paii a ipa oy HP ,(ooo ypy
rpaa Kaia Prrapo, il aoIlIIo plrla oi pa
o ..oltig'' a ..orr)eotoifiigr'' ilx ypi a
prropii oIoi iepii, BttaB tl oiy l{errpaoi Pa
opol'iy. ioi a yrrrraD{ Papoy i 4 py
|9|1 p. I.[paa Paa yaa oo y pooBxei eop)KaBIIIroi oirr a y pyai y yiIi paBI{ pai.
3 oi ix ooa B,Iaa a IIey i oo oaoK
y e alrrr ay.
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ai iil I{epao Pao. Tail epei oi oo
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oaJla aaio KopoyiaT.
Poo oi y e.lIy ay IJiKaIrip oporro},t.
fley ai a opytloK Ba'I epeoop' i ova pi.
y a epeoBop Hieo a ii oa, ypai yp
ppaxoya e i oil o aoe, a poya
p IIa ypaii ei, o IraxoIiII oa ex<a HP.
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a, yo, ol a iIl. Ko ;t( oo e Bg
p, oaa i AoPIr
o'a pae<x ii
ypai reB o Kopo Kpa aJploaooie.
pra pea, y aIIa pilrr pi ypaia opoa _
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opei i poioi eii peoBop. BpiIe ii yo ao
oeIee o, Ky f,Ira paIra elli. Boa yr
ya paxoya ie iloa a oIl ao po pao ai
a caoBtlIIae a: o ioe. Toy a eapo 3:rai
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2 't-z

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epoo oy Ila paiy ealto p)ao' paopoo)ro ya 3 .i:a,i io.
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opoiB yi. e a rciai i yia .lIiai ia
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pai i a.yoBli IraII rre ap opoi i: Apo_
opuo i Poi. 13 i, o ypaia eeli oy opyIra
aH p aJle}gri XoIrI{ a itIItII o pai a po
eoxii poBerr eiy y Cxii ai, iii
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opI,t.B o e a apia opoa yea ya IilIo oca
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opo yo yaelro opey aeIly yoy' a o aBpo_
yo yp oo'yBa e iie ? trl1918 p. e oi
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apo
yKaIr py. t{a apal' a iya epii 5-6 o l9l8 p.
Hia rracoa IIaTolt{y' Irp io y ia a yy uiy. 3a ii oro ABp-opa oEa IIa oyKy
oIrsr paii i a iqr Cxiloi al a yo B ope
opo }3.
Heaexa o ypaioi eaii a ii yix y paBi
aol I{ptioo ooopy IlaJIIt IIoIrioi TopI{.
Copr Ir{,o irotl poJl oy oITTpoa)
a yi epopie pai, BoIIa oTaBa i yi oBIIoB)r(e
eaii paioi Haoi Peyi. H eapol'{y aiai
.Tr a, o i ai yo }|py paio o:y y
ai, i opao yy iepxi ypo paoi Poii'
o6o Papool4,He a oo y,9 oo 1918 p. ix
paio Hapoo Peyiolo 3 orioo y a Hieo'

l8

A-oprro' oie i Tyv'ro - 3 iloo, yo iao

y yoy. Ii ia iea opoa aaaa ao)t(
IIpaB r.t a on patoi 'aii a epeoBopax.
3io yo opo pai I{aJrIrpxorrm Apo-opHo
o apoy opolly Poioi iepii. 3 oipol(eo oe _
o iii Tapopa _ iopafi - el - Kpoa _ ya,ri Pa - e:pi _ eIlll _ Boo-oB - Ka'_
o _ pyx<a - Boie oepols. ii iy
ioi.a axi eopiIr{ e)a pooeeIr ypaii. ii
p:loo ie yoi peavao Bope eioi
iraoi oiii. Kopo it paio Hapoo Peyio a
Pao Poi aJra 3a iaa yoa i: .
aeoi iii xioo opoy pai y oi
oa. Borr oa, o oo.ypai opo y
aoJro pii y, o6o, o ora aIJra a oe.
i oo, ei eaioici oii aI.Ipo peii
oi Bo Ta oi. i ix I{o 4 p y ia
o pooKol B oy BK&}yaJlo,o..eaea y pyi yyi
ooipoi oao oii e 'ra g palrHy ii uepe
ioi iopa _ I _ Kpaoa _ yavi _ Pa _
expi.l _ Capa, rtI a p:lo a icaBi ... oo l,Iptloo
ooopy opaB}r pa, o BItxou{T opaix io i
axa aIr aox( a xi i iii iopa _ IIIeper _
Kpaoa _ ya _ Mepiv.l _ Capa. aaa iraa oii
yTBop i y opi, o a ooip, i ayi
oi''l6. Ta tio' prra i.rrui o o pai
aIl i aa. A i a rx yo Iloil Poi Pa
eepa Pai aBB'o oIl e tloo pyl?.
i ia },tpy ypaia .ea pIlo:a epoop
y oooy y pi pIIo Poir. Boa pxaa
opyT ioi aI{ 3 ooex yPaii, a.ei pil
o.iIoy. epa a aBIl .tooy, K ooBaB
ypaiy Elli1oa epeoop, o Hiea pita aia
lla paiy, o iKo, pyr oo i aei
illooy ioy o ioo apoy po loolt{oy.ia, y
[paa Paa aaa eoe pooBx<elr Bo iya,
Bu'4,a
o
ypaioo apy.
'Beo
| opotllo
. Iopi pa}. 19l7-l918'
|92.-T.l.- .4 .

l9

floa t{errpa;oiPa,l.- >u.opzt,

2
3
4
5
6

Butue<oB. Bixelr ii. - K. * Bir, |920' - .l, - C'79.

oa Pa - |g|.t. - 9, 10 par.
Bu,u*u,',. B' Bipoel IIIi.* K. - Bier, l92o. - T.l. - .l54'
T."' *". - .l94.
Hioi oryrrii pailr. - K.,
Kolyil&*i a paftr |9|7_|92op.
iooa i oiooi. t. |992. - .58.
-, I{errfr
ep:ar ap rg' opri rr pail (al - Ao)'
.ll15' o.l, rp.l,ap'33.

flopot,tllo.(. Iopi ftr. - .l. - .12.

9 rvlAo pail.r'
.ll15' o.l, rrpS, ry.l8.
l0 IIIr. g: aorclfl
ttttlr,o BJil. elrpra Paa: opir icropii |l
'Q.,
pp.:
,o rialr po Poarroy oi. rUI a paii l9l7-l9l8
rlr fu-yy iopii AH yPP. - K'' 1988. - Nl. - .9.
||
lopoureto !.Ictopl pair. - .l. - .9.
'2 MprIe poop p_Jloe.- .' |92o. - T.l. - .52.
|
fiopotlla,{. Iopi pir*r. - T.1. . .l5.
'. IulABo pir' .2592' o.l' p.78, ap.60.
15 a e,
.lll5' o.1, rp.9,ap'2-3.
|6,Qopotlutoo.{. Iopi pill'
- T.2' - C'22-224.
l? Bilo;err. _ l9l8. - 24 ilI.

$ 2. Poifipaii epeoop.
BaerroPoItiBa iBiro},ryoi
o otloBllltx a y iIroci paix ypi 1918 p.
y oa a oop},'elirr ep:traIlx KopolriB. HaiI Kar,t
y aveIr poio-ypailroo Kopotly. Cai o:lJI
To}!y' o 3 oIroooy a i pIl, :D(oiooi, Kyi
i Boeoi yepi eIaJIaHaa ii ypaiiB, o x(e a
aao poi poxrrBao [oai, a apii a Kaepoi.
3 iroo y, iruoIlt{, o p o Ba, Ire y coi
yo oiaiy Poii yioo xia, yi a iycpii
[oay. yo oi oottx rrp ayy' oaa
paa Poi o pai iIri 1918 p. Bya i poo
oy e oi peo o oo' o pai a rBo
3aIr:Uttlop&t' a pao It,tIIaJIai paa Ba,aB paii.
3io ai lrlooi peoo lt{py yp paoi Poii
oo'ya eTIl epopii pai oi ia, I,tI{a
paiy Hapoy Peyiy i pooa llepeoop 3 Ir po
ia poo ooBopy i aoe ep)aHlix opoi. po
epo :lpoolryaJla pooa ix paia. e y i paia

Jlear oaa a eae poreIr aIr epeoopi.

Ae .CooIloB' Ir ooIoa i .Tpouoo poiy
erli, io ix oa' oByIl e ii eoxix
oo:el.
C ioi e olrpo xoa a aIlo i
a&lt ei*, a apoa epeeelr oox iA epopi aoi
Poii ya pail yp oIrry ioi a eepay
Pt }lpo iipi ytIP i 30 p l9l8 p., i olryBaJlo
..ttIi
a ifi i: or.rap)Kaalr{ti arrr oKpeo yoo
li 16pg i ai paoi io'2.
i oeix oaiB epeoop pooaJlrr 23 pa 1918 p.
y i' Poiy e'eIli ooaJIIl X.Po a [.ayi,
ypaiy '- eepa cF' (a oo eaop) C.IIIeyxi. Bxe ix
oaTo oaaB pie ae opi o x epeogpi. o
ypaia el'eai iea o I{x yi ioiicIo, o
poioi eeaii y Ir{yreIt{a(oo' o Koo ix 'ya pe p. Ix (IloBIrBIII' oKaaJI o:Ulli
oii' yo e TaoBeIropoyx iro paio, a i
aKeri p' paio }ItyIre ieoo ayy,
ari opa,Irroo irre BoIr y}|oBtoo py,
a' o lr,toxoi, poe poo oo poPeIr ooo
irroIloo llayy a paiy. oi pao poTe)yr
oeii poix eeai epI.Ixi ix ey y Kei.
B oi ePI yil lraepeofli eoopi .Pao
Gpl(yBa' o paIrA yp paxyT 3 ao aoBll3atl
ypaitoo lrapoy i my poia eeai piaa o ea eTo
aIIoB,rIr poyx
io i: oa paia#. Ae x<e
28 pa, i a ooo ey pooKoy IIpo IlIra oBtlo)Ir opi' i a, o pia e o)l(e )Ka aoio
,.... o
e Hoceo ar IlIltl oo' o a aa'
ep)aBo'
a iita i Poii - pair oio ep)KilBo'a.B x
yax y epi i oopi .Pao aaa pl.lIro
pyrya e. oKirr paIla Poi ao}'e
'otoi
Poioi ipii, epxy:lB i, o ioo BoIIaa paa i a i
popii, o Bxo o ii ays.
.

a a yai qpeIII{ IIa lroay Jlroo 1918 p. fioeIo-Kpopioi

Peryix, a ooo;r e aollottoto agrroro Poioi <Deii. !o ii
ay BxoItJI aa i Kaeroaa ypii a pei o x
rpor'roi pol{ O6ai Bia .(ooo.

i ooi i oi lyii poif,a eeai yIeaya

oi aee. A e e pa i t aIr a py
re peoopi. 3a aoei ypaioi eaii
ai paBlr opo epeI o eIi ey ooopy
yo ep'. 12 up 1918 p. i y i. B epricai
aaao, o..o oi oox opi oi opalrii pIlT lra
Eo}ry ti a ei a BeeIIIrtpx ppi i: paio
ep.:ao a Poio CoiaiEIIo pa Coio
pyrio'. flooo 8o' pJlIrryBr eooii oytt
a aoBe poa oloi pi pmpii iroi a ix .
l i rroo 14 epil opo e o ooo a
p opo.
e ya plroBa poea, a aJIa aI{ ot iiy i opoyi oy i.l ooa paia. e epo}'ty
eai eoopi, i a yaeIr epp', iyo poe:t<yBaE
i: ioBu}| :ltl oox opi. [eapaia ii ya e
Ira epoBopax ix< ypaio_ieo i poio io
eli, o iy pai l9l8 p. Kyy. Ba oa
- yxi _
e Cypa: _ evy - Cay _ Hoo{ie
_
_
_
ypaia
Ae
Ky'7.
eeixio
Pl Koory - yry
opoo.
irri

BiDaa
oi
opoa

eoepe ooo epopiaJlIlllx poe pooao 3

Iray epia oo gleai pti i, a ix yy, oi
yr oei ooy pI{ Iraei e:. Cpa a ia.
pIloyaJlI|i C.tIIyxi apooy aa a(rcoyBa
eopaiv p i e oPex Baax paxoya
paei,ry a eooiy oi. ao _ p alvtoBrraeIraeJle I{x ir epropiil. i paoi yii
copo ir oiy i 22 tep oo peoii. B i
3arraao' o pI{ piIei aII po exi eeii yy
.....Itpa lra epaiv pIl' BoIl oo, oi
ao ep}(aB opo ooBopo p p' plroy oKpelvtx
aIraerrx oy ooopi ipx ieox... pooa opaio
i ir aIITaIIIlaeJre aJI oaToIroo yaoBJIe px(aoo
opolly li iex'.
3a poeo ypaioi eeaii opo !.raB poxo i
Boioo oepa )}ro ii a )K, i o .oy, oi
o yeii exi piiu o .oe, i o p.Cyo oy
yepiao e:e o oxoooi, ia Tpyeka, i o
pi.lax Hepy i Ce op Ca o Ca ap}ro a iy, ai

22

pia Ca i Ce o. Ky p a, oi oioolo e)e

oplr Peiy o Kopoa. 3 Kooa oo o .o:af,oo, a
i o y lop i pio rio o oo i, e ei e
fuio ixolt o pi ro. Pio r oIIp Cpy y i
Bepxoray ypiaIto exe o iopoo (a p.ai).
iopoo o poioo, a i Plarr aalri, r, Xo o oo
y lra oy. otto a H.-Kpioo' 3i o pia Kpiyi i p o
xyopa Apoa,.ia piy y, e o xyrop ooo, a i
o yT Ka pivo i. Pio io op o ii
arriirpaiexi Taapioo o o Bpx.KpiIIIlKoo.Pio
Kpio o eepaoo }roy. Bi eepaoo oy a
.Haxrri o Aooo op oo9.Too, a oeti ayo,
o pai a iitl 10 oii Beoi, Kyoi a opooi
ypi,op iii oi epiioiyepii, o axoIr
a o ua y ai Poii, a pgIraooi o6ai.
Poifia eai e ooI'a re 3 ie pooie
praBlripai, a A oaa eao ai o po
I{aeiii opoi a oaoiaii eopi. Boa aa,
poe]Kyl|t|
oIlllopoxoPrA aai o eapii
o TIlraooe
iii, a apoolryallaeparre arrlra p iroi ioi
oiii. Box BoIr{Il
aiarrea oox opi B : ao
oor ii xoe opolry a opex iax i ac
ioiy apy. Ae o rpioyo ia aIrlrpooKo'
ia mpoa api ioae pormr.
opai}rpIrpaoBo' a oa X.Paooo' a
BIl oo BKy epyri. Ha epfi a oy oao
BIryaIr
pao .bx irri oir ao3ae'',

oy yii, ..o oi )a a:as ae, opea I{Ira

a.eIr
y o ii i i orrraxaTt'lo. apyr.rerra oplrT
Iloo' ooa ioi .I'eaiia oItoyepo3i lroo:ll|oBy
xo.y.aayi Kioi ypii iori i pai i
pIreIaIIIt o Poiill.

Ha iy i oii aofi o.a ao) a III ia' eaaB, o..oao.te tIIaIIIropoi HP ioo
pI'eIraII(acIr Kyoi, orroi, Boeoi a yr'ri<l'yepi
i oae, iri ae ypaie, yte loeo o oi
oprioaoi oi aee''. }Ia icaBi oo i poollyBa Be
a ipx eopix eirr aII ix paexoi, poy
oII I{x pli i pai Ir e oyota.
3io, o ypaica opoa II oa ooTlt ao

ieppeai III iepay. po, rre a]Ka aBoI{

epeoBopl{ yx y' Bolra ia a ei oy' apootlyBaJla
poe ii opolly' oI{Iti Boioo oepa a xi,
aoy lrapy: lr{e:lx iroi yepii: o pii IIIapa' i a
Jlroao- Kpyori _ oli - ee - oo - Iaa_ Cyt
- oa _ Ho Ce. B ex](oioi trpii:[i, opa
epcaIr e oa, Jri P, leoi o pii Cox o
pi.r ei i ai a Ce. 3i o auiipai exi
piioi ypfi o Kpaoo Poa, .lria CeelreIr-Tpye
o piv Hepy,o piv Ce o piv Tap a oeovi - . B
e)(Kyoi yepii: a i o iii Ao - Ca - piaCaa,
ai o Cai i Ceyo yoa.ai a ieo pi e:i a
Kaopy - Meiy i a i o pii Ce a ylo _ y'iy _
C. Oo - oyxiy. B e:ax Boeoi ypii a [Ilaaiy _
Peiy - Koio - llo (oepxKopooy). ai oo a aiy, oi a IIIeaoBo* Hx<K - Kooy _
yypiy _ Bay (Boe) i o xioo opolry Boei
yepii (Hooxo)l2. 3ii a ieoI{aBopo pai
ao,Ieroo yi
)otoBeoo BiAa,E[ooo,
yp a aip ooopBaI{
op}{oi lre ifio eeair.
Paa eeai opo Biey.ai a apoooayii
opotly i aipypaioiopooIreproop olrypo.
.Pato ai oio oaBy py aex<rri
poo)Kelr
poifio-ypaftr eoopi i peypaiG.otlKx
eopi.
b )e a, iyv piIye peIIIIypaioi opo
orroeplrIrrropi epeKaloypaitl tle,
i.rIoIl|'wD,olaI{ooya
a,(o)era oix i.
popirroBI{oa
I Aoax tlopoIUIa
xyoa, ioooapaeia, oa ap i aoi,
Kpi oo ipi propii oaJIaolrpooapi,
I{poBIra.
i Ixo eppy, ao i poo poi oaa i aeeIIIl
oifi po pIreIIIIo Poii. a, y Mi ia
pIraBJI,tloaao B'i l50 pai i a ' o EoIl
B}lIla<a ai paid3. Bi 'iy eeai yix
ooe opooo o pooapi,ipi oi oKa
yeea' ao) BaaJrI{peraIro Poii. i o ioo
aolry ai p Box yeeaJ(aaoiy oaoyyey
pPoorixi. tla cIrufipaia i
xioi aii pya opx apoiB opo)KyaJlaeIaIIIl.l

24

..Ba1ooiBKolo

il'', o Borr io pelra o

Poii'4.
Bopoy i ..iel" .PoA oo e io
rr3llarr opai.r pIl ooEooo:rr p aei
oi.
3 eo aIl epeop ifia eai apoolryaa o
y' ae ay, a y r }roa o ia oPoa. 3a rpoeo
poioi eaii opoll aB polft. ao ittiI ypailroi
eopaioi e:i. B ex ix pit oxorra o |25-2
ep. 3io lltl y i Poii aa e e ypaii a.
K}p i Boe)KIttt' a MaI| iilt i pai ai
epropii a epiii, Xapii i Kpoai. Hapa
a Kaepoai opolt poxo o iii: Boa _
.Too - aJf.o e;ri K'oo oiy o Hxtoi Cep.
oi o pii Aap o aPora. 3i a Hoo-Aap _
Kaii yrop (i axya) - oypi apa - .oa.
gi o pi.r K.iy o o15. 3a r poeo i pai
ipiao 6i 85% oai yi i aIITpa, o poo
poeaI{ oalufi .poo raypioi ooi.
p.ly pl{paEx eai aBoo 'oeoo ey o
iPo o[.Mayi.
B iep' opeooi
..eg BI.[,IK" i iB'
o..tttl oa oopoo i Poii a KI{a ii ooiy aacpoy'16, oi
y ya oope-:r(eapaIlo 3aaJlt|opoia eaypia
pooi. e oIII{ apyo poifioi eeaii yo e, o
B oeKa pooi, ix o opy, io ya opelra
}lllo pae eIropyKx poilti erp.llx yepifi .
3aya eoi i er etlx lt{oepollBo
io po et o ioI! e epeooplr paio IIe oo
o a p' a e eo aeer oi eA epeoIro.
po e eoIropaBo aJI i ooa ioi
e.I'aii X.Pao. B ooy iep' i opr ieo iaB, o pi
ai eoio y-o rpa o oBTaIIIreapiaa a aoi,
..a
o oo oelly xo BI{epoopt{, yaaT pi yo K
oi T:lIIIl i oxioi popI'|aTt|Q'\7.3 uiei ov opy
yo e, o elr poiiloi npoi eeaii
io oi
aoI{Ilii ' aIITI{ypoBtlKoa. Heoi ia piy
o Koa .Pao a [.ayi a'aI{ oaT
peaIrlra llr$oaoo Coy (o [opii).
o
f,oo iepi, B.Beo, iile a oy ay oy: ..Botl (o

25

ilo - a.) 9o]yaJl ieprya a e aIlo, a

oe oi iii t o ttl.t pIrIryII yy iuo_
ax i. Bo o'Ba;IMc na of, a, ye
aIIo.IIeoHoo ypil|o .ao aoloo lre pya y
paIr ioi
Caoioi llapooi Pyftli. o oy
oi aiai Koyi.roi aii lra i'l. oroo Pa.
a ee{ a poaalr/ ie io.ly i ooaaa y opei
iix opaii. xoi iiepo ypilix pa
ioi fiepx rplo i eti illolti ilirri opaiuii
y Kei A oei, i arr pA '3o .Paold9.
H ir oIl yixi eo a epeoa;(
o"ia opoa aaaJla IroprraI{)e lx(lrapoI|e r IryTpr
aoIre Hiei y a oui paioo ypy. 27 t
1918 p. ve ioi ioo-oioi oiii eIii .api
a irep'' oy oyo Iloa eooii oo'a
Poie a ooopo..ioo oy Hie ipIIl ix oaa ypy .Coaoo a op iix oi epiioi, Kyoi, Boeoi
yepi, oy
oa a Kp, Ira ey aTtiy Kaepoaoi a apioi
yepifi '', a ao)K ..eeIo)i(II epoo )e Poii
io'a
Bioi opa' paa aii oep:a pai oa ii xia oyo xic rii Hie ypaioy ai.
26 py,X.Po B, o 3a}l opotltt pai It{oxa
i paa e), Bae III ieao. ia epopi, a
oo epeI{' ,if,o, oyoIlo paio [p<ao i
o}ry oalr oBlla fr irr.f|.
epAa oa it(pro oaalla, o pIra Poi e
illa yai }rplo oopy. ..Ho:i IoIi' _ B&tya
y oi ooii a o PaIr iipi ooa ypaioi eaii
C.[IIeyxi, - BJI oeBl| aipo aT eoop i
yaIroBJIe ex<' o a oo i: ay' Ko iy
Ir{o)aye oyrt i iopy i ioI{Ily Jlay'z. ooo
}rpaIro eei ioi oirr a i a eyioo pafiy aii. Booi po
oii i
f,I
..B
olyorx '
o.gx''. io
ilt aeTD( i pypo
yp l*{afi,(e ipo ipy paapi. o loeo i
epai ae oio, ii iax It. paapi
olrri. Ta, apa, 14 epII ..paa'' yya oio
p e' o poi <rllo yo io 314.78l .

26

eo ..o ooi o Paoi a lra lr{oapxi

ooalr{,i yi a ypi ''. Bixe (ia
aii Poii) aIryaaB oII fiyx 15 .
I{ paTKa aarri ayaJla imoy o o
,oiry paio. lepo Paapoy iaoi a a
pyy ooy 1918 p. eaa ooBlr Kpe a Brpa,
o'i ..el oox i a paii'z. A ei aa
1918 p. ya opelra pya i Kypoo ap},ty, a lr,taa
aaIr Bre Aox iil a epropii pai.
Haaa It oyIr pIre opi, o oo iepo
paIiya poia opoa, 19 :o ypaia eai oy
apooyJla ei popiai oy. paia il',toa i
axioi i ieo-axioi atlt! opooi yepii ( paoi
Tpyvea i Cea), Kyoo poy a i i pi Ce i
loi y Bop)tl a i i Kopooa, pafii oa
a Hooxoepoy paoi5.
pe e apao aoBe. ilIol yp oB BtloBy,
o agTaB a ap,aJlo ituy yie ItaIlI{ oy i
ir aoa. Ty, opaBlIIIl ao BI!I|a paio
epx<Boo Bia t[ooo Ta poeI| epBopi po
Baoe ypai-ollKoo l(opotly, .Pao oaKy
aoo pB ya i ai ri oii
..o Ifuep.roooIITap aIr
oeoi yi',,
a 3 x<or i iei eeaii PPP oooB eppy, a aKI.tHo
oaaa ie epeoBop:l.
Pei Hiei, aiIt prry eTaa .Copol(oo
IIopay a ipoi .lIloJIepoif,o.yix opoi.
oai oii Ie ip pyeIl oo ypaioi
.eaii lra peoBopax C.ayxi rrp e, o Poi i e a
yaa llp i a eaJlerti pai. 24 p 1918 p.
..3e BK" apyya oaoy apoIroo oiapiay
.. alrya peoi
aopollx paB, i oopo, o
oi yo paia ir e aT prrypo Poioi
pyi eJle){o epxao'.
e a aoI|o oKaa aBJIe iloi o eaeroi
pai. aIo p ' o pI|a Poi e aixa a ii ao.
giic i Paapo ooA opyaIr ix o}ioBJreoTe,i
y oyi ilt< X.Pao' [.ayiI{ a pr:lBa
fiopii, i ooailo poB po ay a paiy.

to patr' .2592,o.l, p.56,ap.2.

rvlAl}o pairr' .2607'o.2,rrp'l, ap.16-17.
ea JI.- l9l8. - 23 pt.
.
oill, .2601'o.1,.1,ap,11
rlo pailr, .2607'o.1,rrp.2,4.l0.
tlo ila .2607,o.l, rrp.l' .160.
lalra th{a a rre. C. oyerro.- K', l97. - 'l. _ .1. _
.44.
! to pairr,.766,o.1,p.l6, ap,29o.
,.
Io paLr, .3766'o.l, rrp.l9Q ap.29-3o.
l0 Ta <e'
.260?,.2" p.l, ap.l82 .
ll Ta <e,rrp.2,ap.20.
12 Ta xe,
.26Cl'o.1,rp.2,ap.9l.
13T xe, p.14,ap.8.
14Ta e,
.3766,o.l, rrp.l86'ap.7l.
15 a:re,
.207,o.l, rp.2'ap.24.
l g
K (o).- r9r8. - 18 ro.
l7 Poia rca. _ 1918' l8 ya.
|8 !unt A.II'. errgr .[rrp a prr
llPeola parre o
ureyaPa
tx.- .JI.' 1930.- .l45,
|9 Butulut'o
8. Biloxelr aii. - T.. - .l58.
to
paft,
.3766,o.1,rrp.3l5,ap.ll.
]o
., Ta '
.276' o.l, rrp.2'ap.l6-l8.
22 Taxe,
'3766,r.l, .315' .1l.
2 opottlztl,o
fl.Icrqi pafur.- .l. - .l?4.
24 y PP. - 1918.- C.52l IABO irr'
;
.7 6'o. l, rp.87,ap.46-a.
25 v{o paill'
.2607'o.l';rp.2',i.t.
z]
3
4
5
6
7

$ 3. Baer opoIIiB ipycilo,

Bee.r
Bifiorr orr.
paicpnri rcr
oa Poif,oi iepii ypoBoI(yBB oo a ii eax
IroBx p)aBlro-epopiax yBopII. fiei ttx' apKa
iopya Hapoa Peyia, Beee Bio [oe, Kp
eoeo exyB:UI yKpaio. Toy e paio ep;ao,
o B3a yp a etig, oao aa tlae opoi
IlIl.

3a o yolo o ypai ii fi, o i

PiA oiT ioi yepii, e epeBa]yiIia
ypai. I{i eopii yiro Booi yepii. iire,B a
eaa .Copooo' o paioi fiepxa paeivx

28

p y pai pe-o a e oi
yepii. opo Ii i -JIt'oK oi
toi
a yitf o BoHoi, Moil i Pitlt o $ioi,
.I
epIr l9l8 p. Paa
oe o epiioi ypil. e
iipi pf,a piIe ie rx epopi B oKpey
aiipaI|y oI|IIIo- oi capoo.
Tai ii ypaioo ypy, a ooJto pIrIIaII oeoo
oiy, e ep:a iopy, IlKaJIo Pr iopyoo oy.
l[ ya I{x pi.l y ii 1918 p. o KBa pya
e.eai iopyoi Haoi Peyi y ai o.Iliea (ooa),
.oa3aooo a C.P.xooo2. 13 i pooJl
ii eoop oii iia aopolrllx Pa, y ooB
A.ixev. B pi ix axorr aII BaeIIoo BaII a
peyBalr optoi. eoop yIlav|c I|IJ|'o iopya
Ilapa Peyka' oorea y ei 1918 p. a opax iopyoi
}Iaioaoi Pa'r y iy, e ya aa )oIro paio. Hai
Hieva, ia oi oyy a o a rray at|y iopyii'
poaa Haioay Pay i ioaIro_po}raKy
opaiaui'
B ooy eopi yo oao rialll| mo ary, o ii
opolty ae Iraac 9 eopaiI pIrI{o, e y
BI(y oxoci i oo eooio oii. Mia
a aIIIt pKopoIlx epopi a ia i ox
apoi yaIrBa piIe poe. epeoop y ye
apy:ei. 3 aoo oay iopya opoa aBa' o e a
iii opo pai; i y ai o yoo, Ha
icai oo' o oolig HP e a x yai. B 'y la
yo IIpooIroaIIotIIaI{ i opo aoBo' 3a Bao
ooleic opi. Kpi oo, iopy aIt pi poe po
Bee ypaioi aiiii
a ipx epopi y vai
Hoopo-CiBpKoo a eoo oii eiioi yepii,
ix Box ooo, Kopoo Ta .oKoo
oii eoi yepii, ir e .,aeioii a y
ioei iopyx I'{.I'B.
Co oo lre o i o
ai y BI!Iraeixix oo opoy. Ta, iopya opoa
i}rolr BIiaBloi oepo xily axily o.ty Kopotly,
l{ol{By e T' o olra ya aea e yvai ai
iopyii. }Ia uoy liiloJlaa paia eai, oi oi ya
oyoea olr{oBeo.3 xily oy opoy a
xoi oa pooyBaJla ax(a ., iopya eai B o

29

epy poollyaJla ao oo B(a Il pi Cyo .ero

iopyii'
i .. oi pao ra' IIa yy ttpTBIIIri
ooloa.
BBa]aI{
xio
C
oo
e
lr{oxlra
y o iopy,
a
eapoy
poe)i(yafrlt

oa
aa
if,
<Dopi
ae
ii 20 i. B aolloaoy poei, oKpea, taaJlo:
..o)Kt|
yo e oopT ltpo e, o illio+xia aIIapopii
epii ya iyea iopyie paii, o paia
0o oy ia e iy epropi p'i i ii oy
![i o pii r i i, o pi iii, Bo.ay'5.Ta Itt|o,
yepeKlr otl B oIlooy a pao aey pi p'.
aooa iyo Topoo e)a {ula pxo o ,ei.
paia opa ioaa i iii Kopo a, y
aei pei. Kopy IIeBaeioit|oi oTao
iopyii, oIIa aa:Ula pIra o yKpi ai i epopii, e
iIi ypaioo lraee ya ipo' 3 olo ieoo
oayIrlr ypaiL| wE' pooBI{Bo ay avo a
i popii, a i peeIIyBaB.e yltoo oeIIapyxeoi y
ix il 'oa ia a Bo epeoBopl{y ei, i o
y pei.
Cye BllKI,l i i a BIlaeIIio.xix opoi.
Coay I{tIix aoe poao I{apio-yili
rrepeoopx. pafu eli oyaJla por ex<yi Ca
ooy o Kopo, a ai o iii ypia _ BaI-IBo_ Kpy
_ Aai _ Kaarra - Kpao _ aea * Ceaia (a
Kai) _ c.io:lJltlBl,ttlKa - Kaia _ Poo.a.oy. a:i
a ie y 10 pa i aii o caii Ktloi, a i i
o e)y a 150-200
a6. Pia elli IIpoIryJIa
xiit.
o ea y ei ieo-xir opoi i poo:l
y pai, o a epopii oci Bia,(ooo IIa prtBa
Beoo Bia ,[ooo. axe ipay it paio i o
IoaI{ eproBopl{ p Bslt{eBI{aIi a aoB,IeIr Koporry
pia oopa i eii ep a Be lia Tapiy oKpyy a a
axii ooi Ko[rIroi oagi Bia ooo oa pivo
Kaa. e oyO tlll', o i epopii o 1887 p. Bxo o
Kay Kaepoaoi yepii. Kpi oo, eprBa:KIIy y i
IIaeIlIl KaJIypai.
B o epy oII p e i :a aJIlIIIl a o
Taapiy opyy' a f; peya a apoi oi
apii yepii i yr, y e<i ii a a

30

poo iooo ope' alr eoxilloo oriooi

pyyp ,oy. epop 3a afl:re a Ba ii. 3 oy floy
ix oo iip opii B.e a oo paii ellepa
iip opI{l{x pa .opoleK.
A.epayi, a yioi
)(oa opi e araa il..lo i ix Illr{o.ora oii
oa ylIIyaJIIr o ypIr Ir yate}r ooBopy.
3'ya olrKo-ypaioo opolry a aIoeIr ooBopy
ootl oaay .Kpaoy rrir ay cp| E, ipi
opr itoa' a aox' i oore' opIa eoxiy
aepiay oooy pioi [px. 3i o oy yi
yp ca ao 'y ieo.xioo opoy aaa
BIlyT a xi eoopi 3 paHo eeaie. y iti
pIlll, B oy i eooioo xapaKepy, i p y)Ke
opi ooip o. Bxo oo' i eai y
..oI,II.o
piIeo, o p)aBIrIr Kopolr y aa
iipaBllo e)Ke' a i paiy i >ti cai
Bia t{ooo, e.o )e!o i oai A Kaepoaoi,
apioi i Boi ypi'', ee ixe paoi
apio, opotl aJII{..aopie pl{yerr o ai eoi
oi a Cxi, eoxiloi x ae rogi iipoooapKoo ypi ica fi opa ix oo'7'
3io ooBopy B aooy opyai o}|oo ypy
aJIIaJIyIIK i o _ i i i - oap.
ope ylr ooy :llloI{a ypaioo HaeI{Il a
epropii Boo Bia .ooo. B oopi aaaJlo, o
oo.....iga i oo oi oB' II!oIl yyp, i i i:i
poaIr, i aera o oaIoo gray't. 18 epe i.lt<oa
yp:l ya yaelra opea yoa ooIro ooapKoo )KT
Taapioo 0ooo paoy. Kepir riI{ aa ,ia
epaIla olrd-ypaia oii, a IID(oIla B apoi.
aep aJII,lB i ape ooi. Popa.r pt.ttll oTyK
oy ioo ypy' aIilr rK rx oi, iip fill(opolrlrx
F .opolelo ifue .B,o ..ypaie peBo BaraJIo,
o pae a a fioy ypaiy ipey i I{ yoya
1ioy oioic ep yioo Hee [oy, ix a
B e oy i aItlt|iy ipery'.
o oa pai i pa oyi Kpo. 3io
III ieay i e BxoIl o ee' i, a yy tr{epoiPa,
oi y ae:a paii. B yox, o HP ppilxoyBaa lra
}|o]By pi 3 opao Poi' pIlK a y

3l

IraTo ey. Ae oao ffiprroo rioIl p.o

Poi o ayo oooi aryaoi.
i oBaeIr Taooo ypy y pyi l9|1 p. ay a
iopoi epepaa opea peaBIIi ix t, eITB,
poaKx a ix oix opaiafi Paa aIrx peai. }Ia ypy.lrai, l y tuai, ya ooIea
Kpa yia, Ky IrIIaJIa [epaa Paa. Pao apox
pcaIri a aao alf oaio api ..Mii.ip''
y opoa yp - [mpi.
o )rox' orr epeBKy
iri eell KaIr paIilr ypioo i ioo
aee' e o oo ) Io PaJlo a paxyoK yiavi
aeplrKoBx ag}lt|, .(opi Il oa popaxoByBaI{ a Ipy
oiay oopy. I yi ooi pyI| |9|7 p. _ ii 1918 p.
JIaa Kpy epea o itoi.
ei 1918 p. ort op Py Coa;liy Pyiy
Tapi. ooo ii paapoy yo pl{Iraeoplraoo epoa
vea I{K PP() H.Cyloo. Peyia Tpi iya e
ie i. Ii a ByaJtIrpol{ iyvoi a o a a
paii a l{epalloi P, opy ioi
opiaii.
Bri itolli aolr eprropii pai, ypaii i ii
ia eru eo i Kp. Hpii i
19l8 p. o oiTlo oBooi iopoo10. A ir'lee
KoaIyBIIIl, eiy.l ai ii, aao pai ipoia
oKIrIIy Kp. [ ypai yo oo pao yp a
oi xie ToBIrTaap eliepao}! Cyve. B oo a
i oli ypo poi Poii eop A.Axao, H.apo,
pa Taie, .pi a i.ll yi vepi 1918 p. eapuii
aa-rto,o }.paBT oi ery yoy aoioo Kpy.
Bioaa i yix aoi oroi Poioi iepii. A
epea)ra iri aee Kpy Tyaa :r yy paio.
Poii r oi, o epepa e,Iy a ipoi, oi II:laJI
iopya paiy fleplay. Pooao eiya yioi
poai a ypaioirrr a. 3aopoo ai pa ypoi
Teepa Ka yio lr{oo.
oy a lry ptlI{Ilpaeivoo, oivoo, ooi i
eopaivoo xapaTepy pai p:raye oa e xBaT
o Kpy. Bi y ppIrlr pooB)err epopii pai, i e
Kpy oa ya ia i opoo op. }Ia e BgplIyB yBay
ieoo ypy y oi oi i 10 pa 1918 p.' a"ei oy
..TaIt{
Ilo, - a i, _
o yy, e},ta.Coa.

32

paia e Kpy a IlIlo p)a IIe oa i ooo

eooioo y ya etlo. Ta arypao oia i op
ya paia o'oo iIya i o xoell
I$o lt{opoo oe:<' a pa Il oBca aoi io
ir ep)Kao, opi yo epeIrooia Kp''r2. e
aII ii lle Bxoo Bpe xoi
oooi, eooio
iloi ep)aBlr. Toy, rropoBy arr rrpi o,IoxeIIH
III iey, e Kp e yB efi o pi, o IIpooDi(yBaJIIr
yp a ipy apioeooo ypy Cya. Ife y
iieo aopolillx paioi ep}ra e pa p'
iei opoi aBJIeII oo ypy o KpIrKoi poe, i
oo:re III ieay oKpa. B oi, ei 30 pa l9l8 p.
io, o ..ept yo ia ai .laB i
1ooi aTII paioi epopii, a)I{ a yai, i ei,
x ypia ig Il a aoIooi iloi paloT
iir. ...Ta oi yaoBK opolly' eply i B aaJI
px, oIllo aKo<i , o oi paia Ha'a Pyia
po:Ula i epaIla arra Poii. Ta ao i Kp,
o i pa opoirro o pai, a y ao<
eepao oIre Poii a Eo...'y Kpo,
ooi po pai, ypai rpria y. Hi l
o oaoIlo aa pia a rx iooi oioi
eaJlerroi' 'o Kprro, eItBIIo oIIe ox<e
yipa o''t. o aoi y, pai yp polryBa
pIiaII Kpy a aBToIIoIIxaaD(. Ae ipyalr i

ypCyae a:ra
ioi xoci paii oxya

popyyBaT axo arrypaioi aaii. 3a x yo yi

P oooB y epi ep eooiy oay Kpy' yo
pllelro ai i o pyx a opi. Moo eooie
alroB a ioi ao oipruo. I-lyo Kp yp
poro oIry a ca pre. Ha eri plrBy orr i oa
Kpy Hiey yi apyBalr. I]e yo iy opy
3 a ee oei yi y ByBIri po yiopI.lK oyi. 6 e 1918 p. a.UI eepaoo ruay
oepoarro* eepa.eea peep plry o oo Pa
Miipi .oy a,Iepao, i IlB,o ..aio xoy
poBI.ITKypaB oy i< io i Kpo a ocai xti o
.

oepoao _ ieIe o ypyryrr, . lo rm popii pair*r.

33

oo IIaE)ri, B oittIloy' a i aoy irei, o

o lr: e iye i, o)Jltl apoa o:oo
poaIl pyoiB' o Ir|Iie, i i Io ie pai i
Kpy''la. ep poolry IIpo 3 llo pBoy epeoBop
Kei as ix aia,ex opi. ioii .y oa'
o..pai 1p oe epeooplr pea Kpy,
o i Beplry o ypaitroo ypy oo, afo pe
opoao''l5. :e ei BepIr o Krra py pIl,ta
teoaig. Ae, i xi eopi, oa aa a ei l
orra ooe eooix 'i io, e piruyv
a po popiay pae:i Kpy. 'y l'1
illa a iIr.roai orri eopi i aoyarr
IIpaIr iIy _ 3 paIri ox hlioatrx py. i a
oopi lre Ba peiiapi yo Bxox<e
iopa o Ky pai. B epIoy yi oo oyerry
IraooIyBaJIo,o..Kp 'ery io IIapaBax aotlotioo
I)alo...''l6.B oee ypaioo ypy IIpeaJIaoirrr
Ia olia, epio apioo i oo. Cio ya aoa
Irea eyr1i ai, ol i eey.
Kp paf, oepxya i paA )rp),Irapoi p, i
iee ooao, a aoxt popiae io,
po
aiipai, i a.oepeap B pBax Kpy p Pai iipi
oi [p<a. evao, o iorpi ae i i a
:e.
{i yo a yr i i apei ypya a 'ia
aioax i poaIlx opaiaui Kpy. oa oBaH
fiopii po aa .Copaoo' o pooa y ooi
otl 1918 p., oiulo pa arripa pIIaII Kpy o pai.
o pla o JIa, ylayr Bo op.y opy
[opi'
3I'aIIo Poie, a epei i i po oaKlllr{
ol|, i aa o)Iloi pi oTaT ya alr
pIrIIaIr Kpy.
ii 1919 p. Kpy, a IlIlToI Kepeoo ioa,
iolttos pIIKa a. 22 ttl l9l9 p. oi
K PK()
ae pirepo TBopIrKpoi Paoi Peyi y i
PPP. paa, o ix oep)B P Kpoi CPP, Ie.a opo
IraayaJllr paoy aooi. B oaoi K P() ay
Kpoo ypy i ooy PK()' a 6a opaoa 3a ya
B.I.eia, aaao, o i ie lra paBax yooy,
ioploy BIBK PPP a iiIr apoa. oa

api oi ppia o yoy i oe ia

IIK PK().
Cae a pai aBe elrpaJlIroo poBoy poix
ito o poi pioi oairii pao I{I|o' olr
io o ooy pai i Kpy. |9|9-|920 pp. a piJetr},t
I PK() pi iIo ri i epetropoy I{K
K()y i oa IIaaI pyy K PK(). i xoi i
aya pyi a, a pi ilo iopoy
ypaioy K. Cryal olliIya _ i e iyao a,lll.
l
2
3
4
5
6
1

rv{ABo pairr' .766' o.1,rrp.l86,ap.16'

a rr<e'.2592'o.1,p.62,a''2o,25.
a;<e,ap.28.
Ta <e,,2592'o.l, rp.62'ap'27'
a re,rrp.68'ap.2,2 .
opo',,zttto.{'Iolpiir. -T'2, _ c.|14,
opot,,zt'l<o
!,|cqi pftr.-T.2, - .l74. IAo paft, .3766,o.l,
r.126'ap.3-3.
8 Ta:e, ap.}3 .
9 opotuttl<o
!.|cqipairr. _ .2. - .193.

l0 o'pla a Coey'

B,tt! Kpy. ![oller

aIiaJI.

- Cpoo,

1957.-T.l. -.2.
|L
opotlttllo ,Icri pair*r. -..2' - c.2'
12 Ta ._ C.21 l.
13 lvlAo paill,
.2592' o.l, rp.78,ap.60.
14 Ta r.
15 a ,
.l0@l, o.3, rrp.l, ap.36.
1 Ta x, p.l7, ap.90.

$ 4. Poexl oito.
ae Iralr
Cai tllloJle opoi pai a yoB lioIiopaox i
oix i i ep:ra py},p ar pa B a
oy axol. T yii i e)yJI oilK. ocai
olra oi Bxo o ay aiipIrBo.Tpllopia
oIiII Poioi iepii _ apaoi yepif. Peoi oii
pai _ epro'pi i: .[rripo i pyo - 6a ootl ii e, a
rrifi iro rrPo,llBJr p( ypafti i orr _ iri o'.r i ax.
106 p. o .e. eai
yirn o 8/ plrroi pofurii Il<ii.
-I
. i ei oJlll o Kioi Pyi, oo - o a'lo.

35

Borroo rrirca. )I-)0II . '.Eli oeerr y xay

(ier eapaii) i pyafiI[ eJIx y ri oo
Py,al}r' i aya pyay yai, o epeyaa i
poeoPao Typevvrr. B epei IV c. aIIa aa Irre
.(ipolo-pyoo errpiv yitua o oEoyopoo Mooo
ia. y xvI-vII
. tfia IPI{aa ifioa 6opoa ix Potoro
ir'pie i Ty.roIo a.t[io-pye rrpi.r.r.Bifioe t.ra*r
rrri:.lrrr ir.epill prJlo y 1812 p. Teri i:.(ipo i pyo
yiftlra o JIa/ Poii i rraolo pii. oa yeprri oa iyaa
y ai Poii o ir l9l? p., o6o o Pooorrr i fi epopii
ooi HaprIoi Perryi.

pai Pi. Py pi pIraIr paii a oooo

..C@ry l&pi" oe y ao: poeollpyaT ioi oy
oigr iooi aii y paii. Pyyi' a aBrro pe'eya.a
a ri eapaii i a:aa }|oaBalr py}ryalt{Ir'eafio opaJla
..altltl'' epia..Cary
epi'. 3a a ooIlo ii
(ie pyll t9l-1 p. _ f, l9l8 p.) eapai ya aa
pyylr ia.
ioi a e 3 e 1918 p. ooa P Hapotx iipi
yP i iip opollx pa Boyov ia lroTy pey
ypal'{Hie, Apo_op, oapii a Pyyii. B i, oKpra,
..pie pa:eo BB{Dt(a,
aaaJlo:
o a ia yIoi
pyyl|Ko-Poioi pai, ooo ii iii i oyei
aax, oo opyy oii i eooii ie yP... 3
oy IIa e, o eep aa aIIa epaii aa py}rylrIt{
ilialr, i rr po aIIy ep]IaI|ypaex<i paii oio
y peeo apa a yxapi.fi poi oepeii,
paeo HP a:ae oo i iru oo IITatr 3a
oe Ie p yai i oo paioo parre'8.
Hapii epe 1918 p. I{epao Pao oix yo
opoao ..y ii'' HP a oi o.Cepo y.rai
epeoopax Pyyi. o.Cep, o oo pa yva
epeop I{eI{ p)Ka i, 24 p l9l8 p. iy
o yxapea. A ao oo pyylrKoo yPy apioa,
oipoallA, o i yoi i 9 Jooo l9l8 p.' y iaa
I{eparraPaa, ie IIe ayJla epi' pa, o IIa'(oI{
yepico HP, orya o rtoir y Ki. oo pyi
..tuoy i
a aiai ..Cay I]epi'' .rroBlta ya p
eioy'' pieIo a pa epaii o Pyyif.
"p" i'io apior' alo irrep' ori i pyltlylrKx aeT'
aBIlB,o oo ii o Kre llall oxii oaoIl
..a eapai
oio yaie pai, a aox( Il, o
)e'B i pefi paia a ili epxa' a e a,Iye oy
oo Tprlilr ep)aBlroci''. oa y i oo irep' i o,
popIo ooy ry iry o Kra...o aeI{eapaii
oaxar o'a 3 ..aip'lo.Pyyio'', _ jr apioa, - o
oa y yxe paa p pai po'5. oxe, ooB ypy
.Cay I{pi''
ix, o x eyai
o pIra. 5 i
l9l8 p. Paa iipi Pyyii aTepa opi opo prrrrarr
paii i exe lra eTpIrA a eoi arooii pa. Ta
oyaIII{ po:l :lyao oaotlo ePgp eai

36

IoG.x(oBtl |9|7 p. pIryBqpea y Iroai oo )l(

poy ep)Irooopally ap}|[Io
Iryi ao..Cary epi''
(Kpaoa Paa), ii oo a epo}|yeai ipllyaa
eIpaaPaa.
15 pyr 1917p...Cry Ilepi' pooJloIrBoapaiMoo
Hapoo Peyio (MHP) y ai Poii epaoi
eooi y;Ii. otl HP iaa tr.a Pa"Coi
i:ep:li oy I{P i HP iaJlrra}repea pyrri
..ioi opo'r iroIloapxielo a
pori i y''. Bo
aiia o pasrxai rrpielripoo IITilIlII ay

pylrfiKllx 3e' iex:t l{ipa i ol, aopoBllI

..a epopia.x peei
oI| o oIIoo o yTlIoBIr opi'{.
po i ipoio I{epaoi P i ..Cay epi'' y
oai.pyi 1917 p. i i o a, o epe aialrrr
Ir{oaKooaperry poxoo 2l oaa |9|1 p. Kri
i oxoo aioaIrx oBx i ypaix iI. oa ix
oi oy,Bv!Bv|J|v|c
e1p}{. Moa apae,
oire oo epio (aa pya eyai.lloaa e Ba
7ai y ooyalri), A piIe apormr pyyi ia
..ae]i(oo.opKy''
aeeeIr
paii. ao yope
MHP yo io oi p, Ir{ayB:lalr pIrIr
eapaii o ..Broo oia''. Tai ii oax aoaii
y oepiIll{I{ i{Irepo To Bopll i aooo i
opoioo xo)err apaii o Pyyii, a aor popaxoi
oya peeii HP oo pya' i m, i.eoiv
:i o i. Kpi o, pyyi i o.lti oii oa
yreiy paoya aop' pyi a pyyoy
poi Iraoi ioi ypaiioax aIl' o iopoy:l

a poii Pyyii 9 i ..oxopooro'' 250 pyyIr oa

..Cay
..ylr{oBtlepIra'' eapaii
ppi'' poo(rcyBa a

..api.Pyii''.
Ci aa, o epe eyai..Cy
llepi" yo eoi
JIy
epaii
Pyyito.

po
opea'
oioo
oo
e'
eepai, i.,'aifi l0 i Kea iI..t' B.oyova oi l.lloi Pr orr. if, oopol: ..B.lopa o 8. ori
ea oJIfi ap ..Cary pifi'' yoi pylrylrKoo
ooIl Pa iipi lv{apioaa i oo po pI{IIaIr o
yyii eapaii K aBolloIloi poiii. ooya a pIr}IrIIIr_
86, yla - 36, po - 3, e yo a aii 13. 3 eruog
ypaia, ia a oaa pii By, o i ..e
yoIlo: piura ai a<i IraII, a o Ta a o
pitu pepey'6.
a i e i Iooellrr aKy ..yooi y''
eapaii opo.io yiI y Kei ya poolea oi.
uia iopa po oi oii y Klei. Kepi Ipai
Parr,.i oia a opoyii i ai i oyI{
Pyyi i Moi, iy oaru. L2 i l9l8 p. a
aiaglr aoi Pa yo eee I{I|IIpo ep)rBIIi opo HP
Moi7. .pylA, op oi poea eio
poell ypai y eapii' prKolrIrBo oi eyaa, o HP
a oe pao e aa yxaJIIi ..Cay l{epi'' i Pyyii po yKy
,.3a
aK tlJIeIr oi ix apoi, i ae eapai''8.
3aoylo i oii eya-oaI| i ieolt
[ipa"
I.[yity, iie, xoa i eo ao yeplloi a, o
.pyerrf, a alroy aiai y ao xoBa oio
io rryauii y Krei i ooop o oo' o ..ai a
poi iei iopii io e a,re)KaJla Mo'aii, a oaBaII y epaii
i iru, gio eli''. pay opie a Be
I.fiyipay pa M.pyIolr{y, o oaaIr ay
..I*{iig'',
y i BtlB a aiai l]erroi Pa, BgyI,rBI3
poolt{ po pi pai a eiro'9.
13 i 1918 p. a aiai aoi Pa i ooo, e
pIrBaJIoaf,)e oy' yo pIro..ay pyyl|oy ypoi''. B i
ayxyBaa ai apaii, a pie ..Cay I.{epi'' p
.

iodexr lli,p xoro oi o HP oia ii 30 ee iyo

oripo' 3 err1poy Trrpai.

38

pa oo pa o oia aiiyaoc eipe.

B ai ao)K ic aI{ o pyyoo ypy epeIryfl{
..oy aoy
oi i,a o:lig iro cao3aIl
ale''. p HP oBIlIoiaIr,o pyylr yp ae
oi odo. 3ay
efi pyt oIt' opa }roa aooJIIIIrTIr
ia ooa Pa Hapox Miipi B.oyo i iip
aoPolrlrx pa .toA. B ioy ii g i e' o
aoo
palIrra P IIe rpaaa aii a oxi
'rcprty
aIi' poa, eoiy propii paii ix HP i Pyyie
..eopaio o3ao''.

..Pira aga'' _ opalr ypaix oia-eopi, peoIra

B.Beo' ya o pio pIrTKo i aoo ypy
ooBllo aii Pyyii epaii, a aKo oi..py:ix'' Hi
i Ap,oPtI a ix iy ypy apioaa. i eoi
..paia
Boa aIIa:
eopri i lr yp ei aii e olr<e
fi gallr yp' op o
paa
i
opliT...
BIIaT,IIe ae
eaa ypaio-pyylri pai, e oaI Boo
yoBllolKelroo .o yxary i a pBlrx opi Pyyii
I{e,pIrep)roBaIr,yIl eao, o e xoe pKy:l Bo
o, poHyIr ioiy i:apoy ailo, y piryue
poeTyBaTI{ ep l{epaIr epx(aa po oo aKy
iapoo irr<B i a apioaa... Mapioa
JIIIl{epax p]K. Bo, o e pllo, o },topaIro
Irey i.oiaica ia pyyoo ypy, i i lrpxIroo.
e o)e}|o a oxtIiB, o epai epxra, opi
a!{}rplr ypaio, opi icalo i ei ooaJlIty apoBy oooy,
oI{ aI{ Bo oy oy o ie aK, o opox
)T{P'll.
p .CoaKoo' o pAtoo JI i irr l9l8 p.'
il xtopy o TaII rci Pptyie eii.
He ogarr po y y iipaa orri .opoIea, KLrooB
iio aopoIr paB. Bi a)Ka'o opio..agoa a
paJl)oi oio-aooi epaii o ioi,[epa,
o oo a' paia, ae i a i oo axr eeIra iric
eapaii"l2. l1 pa l91E p. yo lo aa..po aoy BBoy
..B)a IIa , _ ito y
oapi o Pyyii i eapaii''.
olt{y oyei, - o eapai aeoaa Pyyir i, o yoB
oio-oop(x io rreaoei,i...I'(oapi
Pyyi a eapai, eyoo, aopo''l3, o e ye
..yoae TaIIpo
o aii, paoi ii pa'{a.

39

ypy 5 ep i mi-ioii opoioo

oi eIr{IIoo
ypty Bi 19 uep 1918 p. y io oi oi oox opi.
paia [pxa IIe Baaaeii i p Pyyii a eai.
B o epy' opoifi yp llaaa cio opyoya
aipi IIpIIa paii. yiI o tloa
lIIxoIt{3o pyyoi opo lra epe apoo TaIIII,
},p eaa .Cooo ,pfioBo otlolt{ir i. oaK
..Ir{a ia'', oooIea oii
Pyyii, plraa oBo.
Hapii ia 1918 p. o Krrea pixaa pyr.ryraii, a ooopa
IIpeaBIro eaKoo p a po Kopo i<
paio,[epxa i Pyyirols.
oaoa oi Hiei i oa ai paii
p ai eaoo pexl{y. T ao Pyt"tyi oepl{opolli ifia i a a
[ lra paoy ei.(ipa
p x yi, o io Ipo a.re epeeeIl Ire
oo ep)KaIoo opolry. Kpi oo, i ee B oal 1918 p. a.ietlx i iioi agtlll o i
Iiioi yo, pyylr :D(oIltl i epopii, o6o i y
ypaii i. 10 pyI| l9l8 p. pyy opo iiya
..Cary
epi", a eapi oooB poii.
o pa a iy eTI{aoy pe)y,.pirua
[opi'
rie yrra oyi Ppryie. Ii epi e aB a
ai.
o paIIKIrxypi Poii i pai ootlo aeii apaii
ya eoaHo. B eoopao6o oe:Ul pii poe
apIrx i oioi
Bpay i oo K
}yii.
Pyi e pyi |9|1 p. _ a oay l9l8 p. oa o oi
ia a epopi eapaii, iIoIl yp eia (rc
io oi ee alry yai, ip i Poii [i eoi
poii. Toy i eao epeIo o arr a iaPoy pii, o opyll pai o Kay Poii. PyyKoy
oaIrIIy y epi iai |6 Q9) pyIr |9|1 p. yo pyeo
Irrry poy y 3'3Ky 3 eaoHll ee i a epopi
Poiir6. Bolo yo aaeo apI a pyy 3oo aa,
eayoIr o o. l3 i 1918 p. pIIKa Poi ooo.
poIIIropepBa^,Ia
Itoai io Pyyie. 24 ci l9l8 p.
Papo PPP P..Bepxoy Booyoei PHK poiopy}|yI{x pa''. Ii oo .PaoA. oo a iei
oii yo oor y epoop( 3 pyya BeH ix i
eapaii.
l

Coay py}ryrr ocrr el|o ie o iei oeii, a e

I{oa py o Klrea i ya B oei. oa ie
epio ii iic oy .Paooo yo pyyt|Kx
oai il poIro oa o poe poio.
pyyll io y 'y eeII oix i y
apai. I{oy p i yil oxi illoBllllx i i
oIr{aIrAyaII.yoa polr IIgpal''oi Pa a Ki.
14 oo 1918 p. ei eepaya ooBllooallyoy
ieo pyo i .ypaoy: ..[ie epiire a
Pyyoy poi, ooBrii Pao a oo oiie''17.
epoi aepai eia i 17 oo yoaJlcal io
iA po Pyyii. 3ao ypaoa oi y o'a
iIor aair VIII apii' o axoll a oii. ,
Iloo oII epea:Ul y poopKell Bepxooi oeii. Teepa
iilyaa oBa: ..M i a xlllly e ao yiy, o oei
epi oe Ka r.KorrIoTi ouifi oo' 3o''18.
22 oo 1 9 l8 p . .P o y p i i o
IlpaKa Beopii paii' i i iei oi Aa i
CIA apoollyBa opTlr iruay oii Bpeya
poio.pyylloo oiy. I{i pooii.ay.oo
ooopac a ii Bepooi oeii. B yi 5 aaao,
..pyy yp''
oo'ye Il ia' epopii
o
eapaii''.
a. Bepoa oei i iei PHK oia
ai oii poBI{B:UI
ioa eJlepa pyylrK Po Ay oo eaoo
yaelr yo lpo ee i aii. epa Aey,
o ioi yix .ypoa a paii, a Tao) eaiy
oiy yai y eapaii, pitu i ia yo
iIoa' 5.9 aiaIr epoBi y ax a oei y
i e tIroo ooopy. B oy II:loolIIyJIo,
o..}yi
o'y oIl eapai poo ox ii''19. oa,
oox(yIr a i ylr{oB' pyylra opoa oIroaIro poBoa
epeoopl{ io.apiIr ypo}| peaBIIa p
epep' i 'a oy a ex ve Moi i pai apoix i, i oyJI 3a 3oo lfepaIoi Pa
paiy. B e ia ax paKo.pyylroo ooBopy y
yi y ye iiap p l{e!'t ep)rBa, a
9 e yo poeo oaof, apia py i< Pyyi a
Hie o i A-opolo.
3ia ryai aa BBeeIrl,aepeBaxry
eppii
"u.'""y
4l

ieo-aqpi iA a eaa ipa .

i
pa.rlr ep]KaIroi Pyyii paoy rri o3oa
opo epay iorr i Iloa ylt{ paI{Ko.
pyyoi yo. Booa i ipa y ay 'p-iia
elrepaa Aepey i par a Aoo ie apioaa,
opya,lOIl o ipo Hie i A-op.
i popii pai
i eeII a-iexltx
pai
iila' oir
p.
poi'(o-yii
coai 1918
A a ii,
i
ia
oii
a
popiei rr fiopii
ya
Ha
ioepe::rti
p.
a
epe
1919
aei
[ipa.

Tao
ai
y
ope
CPP.
apaa
pooorea
pio.eIrIr yp, fi ooB l.Kpopyo. B oi ilIIorrIIx ifi i oe y yiff Kre i oprr a i
epropii apaii pay yiy. Boa a oaTy Tpt|
1919 p. paIta Poi pyaa oaI|ltlr|tIIxoI{ piru
..oae tltl',. o aa ai ioioo i:aoo
peoalry, o ei yo ayueo yi iloe pio.
Ta Illlo' pai Poi i paia BIryIrI{pao pr Pyyii
eapaii i iii yoi IIa olr{aoy, a i a
ifioy eol. oa epoa ia ryrii a ypiulix
Poii,.a IIay A.eiia a paiy i y, e oBo
ir i aip.
oxe, a ieI aEoi iA, x(oe ypi i i Pii
..apoo a''. Poi
e oi IIoIlI{BIloo po'a
BTpaa ollltl ypi, o JrraJra y i Pptyii o
19 p. paia 3oa 3oyr aJI)Iry pxaiT i i
i BoI{o i ei, B o}|y 'li pa', oy i iiy
oy'
1
2
3
4

oerr I.o. - |91.7.- 4 op.

a x. -24t6lp'
Poir'"aa:!a.* l9l8. - 10 e.
Jlape .i}l. oaa oea oyaPgIro apaId
oPo.- Kre' |9.I4'- c.|2.
5 ord o. - l9l8. - 11 arr.
oa Paa - l9l8. - 13 i.
7 Ta:.
t Olfr

JIIlo. - 1918. - ll

P.

9 a x<,23 ir.
l0 Poira aea.- 1918.- 2l i.
ll Ta x".

42

|2
opot,,t',o,{. Ioi pair. - .. - .2o5.
l3
pxafr ir<.- l9lE. - }.Ie2. - ll lr.
14 O JIo. l9r8.
- 21 oll.
|5
opotll,ttlco,{.Iopi palr. _ T.. - .206.
16
oriyerl e.IeoJltl P. _ .' 1957, - T.l. _ c.7.
|7 ei* B.I. Teepaa .A'ypaoy
// oe ipar op. - .50. - .41.
l8 T" xe. _ C.z.
19
floyl BroJI}IP. - T.l. - .l1l-l |2.2-2l|.
2o Ho^oou, J. yaId i l9l8 . _
., 1959. - .158.

Poi

II

aiaopoii
parilepio

$ 1. Kopo or.
Pr* tIffI ooBip
ooe ie y caoBei ooi pai arrl,|o.
io oe.e y l9l8 p. oi oii oa pI{KaUl
aIryy pyaoi yo HP Apo-opopo
oi aa 'el ix ypaiIlxIr{
ai iepii
oKpey aliipaBy

oHo - Ko

pfi. CopaBlII

TIr,t

ao, o ia e 3oa o i oa i oo'r aa

1 . o i:xt' aBpo.yopIr } i ix o aIIyB:rB
yoy. 7 cl 1918 p. eIt{Il.CopoaK aB, o i y
ycy. llo}.{yai, ..oi ia IIe a opyxoi ,
ol ItoaIr cai ooopy''l.
Ae i oii e yIIIrIraioao.Booo pyxy,
pooplryB IIa Ir{yei axioyix ee..opba A-.
op y ioi ii pea o Btllllle a ii epopii
aioallx ep)KB. oa iIoi x ya pllxllIlo ypia
paia-peox. Ae e oyaJl pai. Co
po)I(yBaJll.to a o opy exioi iytl' a e
Be (ii' o)' eoi Poii. Ta oi IIao
ipo i oyoaa ii iyar ypaioi pxaoi.
l o l9l8 p. y oi yo ooello BopeIr 3u*i'o.
ypaioi Haoi Peyi. 3 uay BrrKeoIIaT:UIao'ro
aixa oy yii: oioi Pyii (a yoy) a i o
ixeoi
oi (a Cxiy ay). B<e 4 oaa 1918 p.
po3oa lray pypllx atl ooi apii, y ipa IIo eioepa, o Ilal(o y oi, a i
oioi Pyyii. p 3HP }'aB oai ioci o
aT' o p fioo. .o oo lt ooo.'ai yi
ya iipaa ya iloIr aTpoEx poii y

pooi a Claoi. TIlKo Bopoa yp yP yx< pyi

yeA y eix o Te|ollo.
B e x o yilr
ppxB a yo pIro
pire po i o'ea. 22 citl 1919 p. y ooltl aT
Xoa i y .r oi, oi o
y HP i yP.
irr i axioyii
ei y oyoIli, Aoo pIr
Ir{aJIoerll|eIle 3ae' eIpy) pae ypaioo lrapoy
o ope Iloi, e&Ire)tIoi, oopoi i.
oi pai oJt IIe aoBoJIIllIr apa re a. 3 aoo ofiy oo iIryBaII oltl ioa BaT
i xii Kopo, i y aei Pyi 1919 p. a ix<api
irofi pai-o)IrIl i apiei y ..apallii vaoi
ii opo o''. ii opolly ya ppea ixrrao
oiie eepi :l pIrIro: aioaIra ep)ra a aioai
epopii.
oa eii
ee y epii pai aaa
iormr ou1y ex)t |172p., a pxyo ypairrx a iopyx
e' .[ i oix aip Bo opa. poaIIKy
iy, a oa paii. o oo o Aa a
oi
T:oBy yai a. pai 1919 p. 'q.iip
I.ep ya pel'iilrapy yo pecaIra .(opii,
io oi paia oo'yBa io i y-x paB a
xiIry ay a ei ili xii pafio, i a y exi
ooi epl2. Cr a yoy' a BopoBy ei
poi apii a xoi Poii a paii' oi ia y iiepi 1919 p. axo 'afi)e iopyi (o iii pivo 3xia
.{a a ena) a aIry i.
Haaar ylrIry e oiei i (a e pa o), P
paoi Poii oaa ay ycl{ N| ii oe.xe. B
1919 p. parra oa ia i 13 po aoll- opoyii io oe. 3 ie lr{em oa ai ooa ya
i a ai epopiai yrr oi, ae' o iwNI|c EoII 3a piD(yo pai. B ii |92o p. Paapo PPP
BIITyIr 3 ao. i, irp:ly Bo opoe T:lBJIe
o oi, aelB oa' o paIIKi a a paii.. yy
ia ix EOIlx if, a xi i iii, y olr i aalo,
i a poxo i iea ytoa, ffurr, ei a ia ap'8.
To6o, o yi, i aaa aIftl ll .a ix ii ayo
opolry.
poe oi iep, oia opa Iiao ie,
45

ixrrrr lo ori. Qo, a ifi Brrroo]yarr po3o

pi eoprr paIro Poiq ya ioa oai..i yix
epropia pa iex po ooi yi, oa
I,I72 p. i ay yix aii oii oi". Po oi
ypoi pra it
iep ,aallepey ipi flmpii'
paI|o
a
Poie.
oe
. B ii |920 p. a iep-lIryorr i 29 par 1919 p. i
a .iy y ilA ooip' iro K}tlr,t
C.e
tlpooi Pyi
oi a BIl.ill eaxi ioi
oi oo oTaao Coo to a ioy oooy
olifi ox(ya IIa IIaIr Kopolty o iii i pi !'iep
o piy py, oi o oIrroy opoy ix A-op.
rlro a Poi o Brpy<. 3ii a ii o Keex
aax, oi o iii, a poIi a xi 3oyo oB
xiy aiipaBlry ex(y oroi ioi ypii o epgy
ii pio p', i i o pi o ii pt' . o6 o oi
a ii ypii ei, i il aJlexaJlll A-opi.
ep tlIla I{Ittl ..Cxioi a 5rpiro paBo
ooi epla'', ao pp iy (1919 p.) yoy
ix HP a HP po yy.
paia i oy pa iay yoy. Bi
ypaii oii aii yIrI{ poI! ei. , I{K ypaioi
apii ouiaii.ooepi p eiy oTIroBy, i
iao,
o..poa C.p PIr oooi oi ioItl ypaiy px<ai e ioia ia ypaio
pyoBoo IIaeeIIII,Be a oo oy i pociy olrppeBoloilo, opyye oopi ypairrx ee...''5. e .I[opii
aolI<ie:y i yaeoi yol, aBIii aoo.
Popaxoy a oiy C.lo IIIpoy ipy apox
rc,25 i |920 p. o IIaaIr pay paiy. Copar pIIToi yy a IraIroaepiao pBo' oi
ia poo io ri (oIIIIaIIyarlly paooi
i i pa TyIIIr Ki. oa ix oar poy yo
3yIreo.
iI oplraTy pooi apii y pavi oa oi
3eplly o pai Arrar IIpoxIrH p ollooy. Caoe,
pa Bepxoa
o aJIo IIa paIro.ooy i
y Ca. 3 oy a ogaB,
P oi (Aa) a oi
o tl ix paix, ii ivi io ai IvtoJI
illoy iepei, oi I'{aepiay ipy o,

aJI lra eBx yob. oir OIIoIlxyo iee ooi

apii a ii, avey ...(epaiepo aoi xii opo
oi''. oyp yIef,y orrTl{a yo i a
oroBpxoiPa Arr Cxily ay i 2l coaa
1919 p.' o ypi
elr{It{tlll3IIaaIIo ptl lra aoBafl . Ta IIo' oI EaJIa aoi
alpoolroBIroo

oot|y.
|2 ltl 1920 p. iip aopollx pa Aii op Kepo
4ig3 o oKBIr &epay' if, poolryJr ylvto}repIp'.
Ce irux, y ifi iruo po opo ir Io a paII
pyia. Bi a IIpoxoI{o iii o - ia _ Hepi _
-o _ fioy _ y - pyri - Kpo, a xi
i Pa.Pyoi a a xi i er o Kpa. prr yp,
}ryaloIri ii oi, e pa a3a.iilo ex<e..aKoIix
eopai opoi oi''. Ta tlo}l' y ix<apo
ipxe ir opoll oi o iii, a iire opaJla
ay ..iii Kep''. ii B oI|oBIIoyi.oiaa eiuoy
peelrypai. oa a llooy oi ra oa,
i^nlI,C - apoari ypaii ei, o xoIl e o
Kay ao-Booo ica.
eoA y lrayai oi epooi apii, p. yp
i opeBo Aii. Bi , o peoop oe
o:i re 3a yo' otl oTa calta 3epeT parr po
pep'. 22 tI, oIr paIri atl )l( ixo o
Bnaeoo lleaii opolly oi, oK yp ylIIHy
epy oeo ao oe.
op
IIpo epe}'p' a o,peli p i: pariIr
Poie a io, oIloo oy, a orle - 3 pyoo pooaJl
iy |7 cep. Kopylo pB Jr e ocaa' paIla Topoa I{yllya ylr{o' i ioo apo)KyBa
eiey oi. Ta, .rei ii apii oIraya o
o 50 . voi; IIa'IllIIo poi' o ypBa aio eoiiaii' epe pai Poii; o oi a yl opotrelr
i iooo op]i(e' ii ioa poi iaa
opii' Poii peaaa airr ioo _ paoo. iir
epep' Baa ..ii Kepa'', oIIa oa api oa ya
iilt i ei a 50 iopif.
He rr a )t(e alroIle' o p tl o
p yyi yo. pee epeoopi yaBaJro
Ope' a pire o, 30 Tooo oioo

41

oieTy oi, o ollfi yP poi Bpyalr y ypitui

paB. Ae aai preia ocarroa a pralr pio ia.
oa Jlo epepyyaIr oi i e i Il ay
epooi apii, a aBTr i p' irx yapi. oa api oy
(olra 3xiy paiy i 3axily iopyi. 3a ax yoB IIoa
;rli aB,a eprri Bo paEri o. epeoop yrr pei.
Ae i:po ylli a lre a opT oB]i(eIr
i. pl Aa ip o o po eoxi
oooI{ oi rxo irpi Poi, a y aoi oi e
yo aocio ii ai. B oi x< olt.tKoBoBBaIKaJII.I,o
oIK :l aip yI{ IIa i oi oy KBaIII{
yaIIIl ttpy.
2| rer, epeoop irro y Pi. 3 paoo y ix
e i opao eallexrri ep)KaBIr- Poi a paia. A i
cIr pee aB I|tl y)e IBlro.24wpa Iroy aili
oi oepeii paKa eai oooa ay Blts PPP'
i poollyao l{o lrfiBloo yaeIrII py aIrI
oTopoII yii a' apa' pii yave pIIIIy
Gaoae apoi i oe IPo eIrA JrIe TaoBJIe
..a
xioo opoy oi
ooi I.IIIaIIopollo i:rr oe i
Poie iii, o poxo ao ai a x' Bi opolry BIIoBeoo
Bepxoo Coo Pao... }l, o Cxia aa JIIaa
a xi i loo opoy''7. To e oepIr Poi ya ooa
yae py, i a ai propiaJlIri oy a p(ylroK...
pai. ooao BK PPP io i o, i ul
yyi iy. B oi paIra Topa Baa.ai oi ioBI{Ti a i ip ypy C.ep. II{o e oy iya eitoroi ypaioi ep)a' o ai
o]yaa ia oi ire ypai I,tlix e
pooIIyBB C.et.
B ocaix I{(prII ooBa ooi ellerfi o o
o peK KopoIIy' a y io opoyi. Bi
eaa por oo.ypaftroo opolly o iii i pi
Ci, ol|'y ii e BoIIa eprra e)Ky oli Mioi a
Bocoi yepi, o opolty x yeif, o ti Pieoo a
opyloo oii, i le opollo o epI,ly aii
xi i aioi caii oxoo a icra Pae; mi a
ie o pa e i o airr piv Kop y' piy Cyv,
ai Bepx o pivui Kop.r, aJlra) io Kou a i oi,

48

I
I

t
I
I

;l
\

I
I

I
I

i a ie alri, a,IIaIoKiii a orri pair o Ira,

o aJIIa a oi oi, oi a ie, pea ir Pie-ira a p.op o p.Bii, plr oy io o
aJIIltUlo o o, i epx o p.Bii o ooo Caa,
aJra a pi, i aaJlttoy l|py a e,
epgrrrlr p.op i Jo' aIato e ae y
a oi ori i alli o p.3y.r o fr i [ipt. e poe
y pril pao opoo e yx aepeelr.
oa eei oo ipo BIropaJIa oiy oryi
io.ypaioi o i ar oaoi epopiai peii.
B cai 2 poo oBopy, y ir 18 e |92| p.'
ii opoli ix BaaJra e xiire. 3aao a
yo Poo py e)itax oi alltll:lJlo o tz , #
ypaix ee 3 aee oIIa l1 . oi. 3 e
eh i e opolr ao poIo io yo Bapaoi oeii. iro, i C.epa, aiyBaJl y ooopi
ioy..i y-x pB i eifi a ei, poaoai a axi i
opolry, oillloo y ai 2 aoo ooopy''9. I{ ioa ya
ail epoo oTyIIo a p:D(yIroKpai. rue y epi
|939 p., aio acyy paIlx ifi, epopii yo iipao
y o. B oai 1939 p. 3axia paia yia o Kay
paioi PCP. Ho opoll, aJIe,<e il ietlo' a Ira To a
ppIra oy, i PP, avo yo aoe o a i
..iii
Kepoa''.
l lopoeofl.Icqi ir. - .. ..
Z recrl. - |920' - 30 .p.
oyerr aepaI o I{oPoeo-oJlxootrfr .' |g74.
'
.II.- .602-60.

5
6
1
8
9

lolr

ilraP.UII o op}I ooeo-oJltx

ooterl.

., l94. -

T.III.- .65-58.
l{er* epInfr apx art oparriipaft (i - Ao
paft)' .1, o.6,rp.l8,ap.3.
oJll{ttP. - .' 1959.- .I. _ .10o-l0l'
oyerrrIrIe
L|r;cl.
- |92o' -25 cewt.
,{oyrrlrroJIIr. - .' 1959.- T.III._ .245-246.
Ta<e.-c.62.

49

$ 2..opoll CPP a PCPP

o pDeJooill
i
Car p ai ii, iIorr e otl e
oy aioao.BoIlx aa ypaioo apoy.
y}roIro 1:e, xoa opa, p:oi pi. Te, o e
yo a, ip:yar :e epIi a ooi .a. e 7
1918 p. BK pai A ,apai, iA epyaJlo, o
..l. M (oro irro, paa a- .) io e poaJl
paiy Pay yiy ioay yiy, a.e .Ilo Pa,y yiy a propii pai. 2. io
ipya oII opy ooi eaJre]oi paioi Hpooi
yi, pota ii ir-eI aoilie ie, o'ae
aJlIropoio pi.ro-eIlo yio eepa
'a...''1.
Ko a oay 1919 p. iol<IrIroy plfr o R,IaI{ paii'
oIl i eprx ix epei yo pie o'ea x
}Iy oi poo}| ao y
a cix a,piax yi.
..o'a paioi Paoi Peyi 3 ptrKo Poi
aax oaioi etii'*. p'.e poT llapox a yB
ix i oi ay, a o alfIr ipy, ltoy apyBa
iyrr eaexoi pai. Bio Bypaioo oifioo
oiey ..[o poii i e pi'', pa oy i.r
..ioi a lia)Klroi paii
|92a p., poootllyaJla ipo:e
Corriicoi Paoi Pyi''. ,ai i aaao' o..pao
poItopxa o ypaio ep)ao ae)I,I Bllo
poia i pairr'3. Ae ifioi e yo iare. 3io
*
o'ea ioi oox
oao ByIIBK a BI.BK PPP
yi'' aerii pai a ig i ialI eaoy
Bltoa i ep PPA. To6ro, poorelr aex<oi
It{rcyao o ii ilop<yBaIIII ri o.
oa eooii a eopaii oya apiepxaIrr po ox yi o poHlr epopiaoo
poi(yalr. BpIee a yo lyo a i:ioi ai
p eooiI|o-paooy iii KB PPP 25 oo 1919 p. a
oIloy i a ire a p pl{alr ioi iloi epopii
if,a lla apoolryaJla B e plIr cioi aexoi
aelr i ai e oo Boee, a ipya B}lKo
..ep:aoo opy''.
o ao a yai cao poyi p pirei rra ae:oi pafiooo i iooo oii.

50

a i i lalro, opoy oxiic ix re

y ai pai, oa a ei.ly paexi ituoi
Haee a Eee eooi i yype li Xapo..Ae
yoBoBe PHK PPP o iopyii i r| ioa iroa
C.oep aBa' o i pfio, xii ep' Ir{aT
ee aeII}I
i Beopoii, ara)lleEaIltl pai. B
IrIroy ioIi rta ao io ea i, Poi,
ior i x oi, pa i aa:r BpaT orti rryaTrr x peeii af,yroy. y
ya ooIea aort repaa ooB PK pai .Paooo, B"
i i oio, o oy ypaioo ypy a i(otlx
aepeIl oo ltt|,Irx epoPi o Poii. io ii x
Tgepa ooao Taox< yo ieo IIaIiri po eay i
epiioi o ooi yepii Cypaoo, Hooioo'
Moo i Cayoo oii. To ya aa paKoo
p pai ooBaoo oap peoioepo.iep.
i9ig19 .Po a y ily y Poii.
3a o ooyvoi a ai C.oep BaoBJrBacap
iroio Kopo a Ite Hooioo oiy, i
I-{aBpo i paoo yIITy axioo aiigPaBlroo opotly
epiioi yepii xiroy lrapy i i pivo Co
i Ip i ia Taa ( ypioy o) o pii Co i ii
poui Pei o xyop Kooa a ieo.axii :r<iCayoo oiy. Kopo oo atroB,Ia o apif, i:lypi
e:i' a Kpo o oKoy epeIlrrfity.Bi pitrr y pi
*.
otloao, a caa IrapaapI{BJIa4 o 10 xIf
Bo B
oIroy aBrpxeoo 10 |9|9 p. P}IK i !..[ooopy po
opolr Poio Ciaio Pao Pyio'6.'
oa e:a yi aJIIai oaoo po]Balrlr
ypaii pKopotr paoi oe' p, Kyp,
Boe.l' a ao)t( oy i iioo Kaay. Pa aeeIIIl
x epopi a p piure BB e i y e
JtBaxpoIr :a )KT B paii, a y Bi.oBixpirx
iex opalri. T, |92o p. a olle o Kay pi I{oR.re 'i P Ko'iroi a Kyaioi oc Poo
o Kyoi yepii, Hoo.Boeeoi, oi, papooi
.

ay}l' o oi pa.rca aa rre ya ro.la i a.[oy, i

Kpt.y'

5l

oe yltoo o a aax irx7. ii ogaoi

Hooboo, Ko'rao a iooo oioBx BKotl.
oi, a epopii x I{eaJIo afi]e 50 . ooi, opa,
&}HaaJro,o..o l917-191E pp. ier aoaell ot|oao Bllcotlo IIa op pIIaIr o xapioi yeii, i i iea
oyai pai epepaa oaIe iile oo apooo
a'8. Ae poii ypoi opaIr e i e pxoByaJl y
oifi ioi oii a;a aee' a, aa, poa
p pyxy a op
opoi ItT Bltoa ia..
ixoy ooe o yPP" a 'ya..xTo i aiaop, o ia
Ilael lloa a i<ei ooe]9.
Iyu aypi ra erl oa:a aee' yp pai
..
oiri opo
apoolryBa I.{BK Coy PC |24 p. po
yPP". ioo II0o pyToIroo oyelry ya ii
vei i - eooi, iTopK, opa, ii. B oax
IJo pai e oioi aepiall iooi ai
.pyrue a [.a"lie. B poi' aao' o,.eoxii
i iyrx ep)Ka|x opoi lpoo{lltao IlKo ptl,
aiipaBlloo, eoltoioo a i oioo xapaepy'lO.
poe aa Box a. eprui pyoyaa eoxii
i opoi y 'y opo ailliBoo i epopiaoo
oiy, o pooJlac |923 p. i auaa Bope ai ypi'
oii i oog, oae, opyi i paoi. B ooy i ox
aiipaBt|o.epTopiax oIltl yo oae prr
eooioi oioi. 3:raa e, ypai yp.poolryBa
epa Mii yepii CPP ay oloi Coeaoi i
oi ooe Kopoeoi op Booi ypii' ipe, o i epopii io ioit ppotlo.iopv i
eooi yoa iolpyii. B epy, paxoBy xti o
oix eooix ei pai ei aop, pooyaJlo tl o Ky epioi ypii CP Cei
ooT Hooioo oiy o.lloi yepii ( o a Boa
Boa o PPP) a ay Booce Ceoo oiy poi
ypiill.
ir ai i etaaJr y pyi aci. Cv a
rri i aee |891 ' |920 a aKoo 1922 i, ypai
yp ttpoolly epar yi PCPP p oii Kyoi a
Bopooi yepi, aeex y epra{firi iroi. ypai.
3io arr n|922p. x ryepix erao oa 1704 . ypaii.
Tepopi ix yioo poeelr y pyvaa, ye,

52

Koaaa,oaia,HoooprellKaoi 5roo,
yaia,Koa,CyiaPoo,opa, Bo.
ia, Ialroa,epoo-pyapaopolloo oii Kypoi
Ha Boetvi
yepii, e ypai a oa9o% aee.d2.
yie aoeeoao eIa,ro ipveoy,oyvapolt{y,opooy,aioy a eIlx irx oiaxl3.
Bxo lloo' yp iIr apolloyBBpB o opo i
(oy a xi i opoy epiioi ypii o pi Ce o
xirie Cyt' a.ia ielrxi o Jopoy, xifueroy
i a exi o yrpii iy opotloyPP. oa
apiopolraBpxoTeo
i 8 epiay iivo-xi,oy
xiireBayo i ai iiieKoi, ioTyoBoti:lp
a iixi a i iii aiiHoA oo - e a i
o ea oo, oTi a iixi, oxo epeBa)Ktry
aIryoooo oiry o opoiKooiry, i
B llapy a ie, axiir aoa o xioo opoy
Pooaoo iy, ai o ., oi a iexi,
iiilea HoMao i o opoyBoeoi ypiira.oa,
aa oPai Kopolly iUIayB oi. arr olB
oo, Kovao i Bayoooii oo BIlBaJr
e:i CPP, cpepoi iirriipaoip
i opyruyeooii'3x.tpxoii Xapioypi'
o oi orrx<i.Toy yp pooya' eo Bo' a
ieo-aioia Bayoo oiy Boeoi yepii
oI|oBItaBooiy, o }raiilf o pai, a BpIr{eII
opy e}x Kopoaoooiy (Kypoi ypii), poBeT
oopoeo axiiIeKoi ieo-axiIroy
IIapIyo
eopaiiiii ypaio.pioopreo opolly oo.
pooo oiy15. Kpi eopaioo lra op T:loo poBeeIr
opot|yeproltoi,ri eorroiAaop. !pxa pai'
K aox< ya y popo ltoo pry, aoIri ,
o epa,IaaIraaali a ixaix paoo
i ooo oii a pai' ao paiy. i ao,
B ieiyi Kyoi yepii, it a 90o
o H:D(o
aevyipoo apioi, oaoi i epiioi
yepipai.
Ta I|o,paio yo yyo p :lolrtxapyei a
op paeBoopiurepoypaio-poioo
opoy.
llpoyCoIBK ropoii
[ y ilpol|ot|oo
5

 peysIrll opoIIiB i: PCPP, yPP a PP. [o ii ay

ir o a pegTaIrlrK i o:oi aIlaex opi Koii
ooI{Boo BK iopyii o.e'o. [Ia oy llloy aii,
e iyo l 19? p.' Ba Brraa opaivA p,
oo piIei a pe opoi i
peyi. op ipeao' o oxio paxoyBa
ao:r i ooirre :i a ryyi aiicpaIrIrepopioo
oi ipx eprrropiil. aeil io po yo apoooao poIIyIr i IIBK rcPP a PP16, ioi
IrapKoaa a yepIi opalr}r. Koii ao)l( I{za a ox(B
ya pTaBIri ilex pi y fopi oxix atlIl
aepialti a epopii iroi yuIi, a ao: o a ix
Ttlx irx I{TaIIo'3x Ea opoy. i x
oyai a ypx ooo oii poa oi
apialr. Botra apooyaJla Ir o ay CPP Kyi yepii
y, paopof, (a o yooi ooi) i
o oi, a ao)K orrp ooi Kopoaoo, .tp
Hoooooo i oy Cyx<aoo. Bi Bopoeoi yepii - re
oa Bay oi.
o x'e a, e a:.l a prBrI|o ypaie aeIr' Ie
eooir i ariirparx li poooIroaJIITy ai
PPP , Cyxa (a o oii ooi), KovA (a BIlo}l oIrpx ooge), ooo (e px oo) oi K1poi yepii a opoo, Poora, oy, arr, Kaa.refi oi Beoi ypiil 7.
Ta IIo 3apoolloalrpaio poeK aB ax i.
p ue irr rraeerralrx a118.
ptlii

3rrrrr xiicr

ypri

nprunp CPP
Kya
Bopoea

807200
| 24156

484750
90852

60,0
74,9

rnPono
otlo npuItttulao yi p
Kypa
BoPorea
B ;ax ip' eprrpifi

49550
3900o

542
21 452

54,6
64,2

72 95o

70,1

ointo

I o| 726

54

I{iao aplry 3a aylr poo aoi Koiii. Byepe

eapoaica.iiil pyxi api, r y oIr oi lI ii
yi p. ooii oipo r K(y e Koiii i
pai, ooBa I{erparoiAiio-Tpopiaoi Koiii
ytBK o.yueo a:..3aayapy y pyaiopoi, i
lieicppo oo Ira,oxilro o t.ttlo
eo'r}ll{' a oa i opol ae( oy ai
PPP). epIa Co,e yo oio y oiui peaIriPCPP
aiai Cooi Koiii, o' eaxrrrrpo po
yP, yxBolr, eolrpaBeaJepeaBIIIra
Kyoi
i Boi ypialry ia'oaa eoaTlrioy
o oy porKy yPP, o , peaHrrPCPP aJr Ha
pyax io opoaiKyp i Bopo yolloa
ooii a...oa a e, o pooBliaoa traeelt

poia i, aIi, B,IlIrepii..Ir{ao;)o''i..eo..l9.

oIr o il erli e Bo i o.ep'o epeaB e
llIIII lra po oilo K BK()' e llpoe oaoIt Cooi
Koifi &}IIaolllttx i. Bioito pile oi' o ay
CPP oi y iilt e Ceeia Boo Hoioo
oiy oeoi yepii, .3o Tpyoo oiy, p oeelr
Ceoo oiy, y oi, Kpaa Boo
Cyxaoo oiy i ea aa yoi ooi Kyoi
ypii, a ao) Tiua Boo i aa paioi ooi Bayoo oiy Bopooi ypiizo. I{e pie ooe i
).oIre yo oelro B oIroBy poi 16 xo |925 p.
oarro BK PP ..po peya opoi paioi
Coiaioi Paoi Peyi Poio Coiaio
(Deepao PaIro Pyio i ipyo CoaicIro
Pao Pyio'{l. Ko PCPP a i pivo Cie
,[oeu, poi Copofi pao, a)K o ai ei
p.B.Kae. Ca yopia Ilaelr opollax eeoprryBalr ixoa o PPP. fiai opo ro o pii B.Kaelli
i: eeopyBalrlr}| paoy .,epoa oIia'' a xyopa
Koaeo, ao i yoo. i i o:y o Taapioi
oKpy i ai o apoy opyrtro}ly Kopolry IIIaxoo i Taapioo opyi a pi ' Bep y lrapy p.Tyo o polroy
opolly i: ooi i.[pi pfiol al o p.iy. mi
pi.lo Miy o Kopotry eeopyIrll i.l ea apia,
pop'ia i ooia' a o a Mpllia i pop'ia aJlrrJaJI
ex(a yPP' i o opolrx eeopya ie ooi

55

Biuepi4 apee a ya e i Apoiioo poy o

p.Ciil a. Ty opo aItoJIBc o eoplryI{t|
ea o-Ki,
xyi lbpo.oo i Cto o a
py a i ai o ol|y apiyooi opy.
o poii (:lIIoBt I-tsK PP oyB poexyalr i:lt
CPP a lIiio-Ktlllrl Kpae PPP-. a opa
ai |923 p', o po Borro a io.Cxil I.IK
PK() oaJlri IIoa IIa pIrIIai Tarpioi i IIIaoi
opy pai. BaIr IIpIiJIx(ic lrx epropi yo ooi
ao. Axe o 1883 p. Botl BxoI{ o Kaepoaoi yepii.
3io epey aqe |891 p.6|,7o eua Taapioo oiy
aI{ ypai22. ooio o ao: y io o'a
oeIr ioo Kpoau. Ae IIe JI a e ap
).p epea propii y oa.i Bia '[ooo. 3 ooopo
yp .Copoaoo' epy
i 8 p 1918 p. eIr,tulll
oi ipy i axo a ia y opoi
iIoi.oo' o opoo ix< Ba epx(aa oIlttltl
a.iipaBa Ir.rr)KaKaepoaoi, apioi i Boeoi y.
epi. Ta Ilo, aapixtva :UtI:Uloa ea i. B
|92o p.' oplv poIr o(oo KoIl.IB' iro ir lra poeyBIII| ooi oi. llo coploIroi y ai paioi CPP
.....i yopia, Kura,
lloeoi oai y ai
Kaea a -ioarea i oo Kapoo.opBal
i oeoi opy cai Booa, oapiBa, cai
Koai Jep - Mao-Heiaa - H:r<rr-Kellea i i o ti
Taapiro oKpyo i paoi opy, a aox( y Tapi
oBi''23.
Carroe, o :UIo y 'y :lI| pia ieoKaaoo Kpa y ii 1924 p. poIryo oi IIK KII().
[ ue oo a yo piureo opIr oii, o ay
oi yit i pai .oo, o.o epvae' aao)
Ba pea iexipo lIK PK()24. ooao' o
oe y a paiy, ixipo rpllyo o K PK()
poxIIIr ptiTl{ .a,ri oaex epopi iio.KaKaoll,ty
Kpa. Heallo rra eoTaIr opaivy i eooivy opymrri, oi IIK PK() 1l |924p. pIro pir
paIIIr Taapioo i opo.pyIeo (axoo)
opyi o iioKaaoo Kpa PCPP2S. e Kao eoy
' o |924p. e prio a ay ierro.Cxi

56

pafi.

oi K K()y. poy 18 It |9.z4 p. pirei

oipo II( K()y &}Ila&,ro,Ir ioptllt x paoi i
oelroi@pii oxlreaI{oBIryia eyile ooapo
[oay. Coia irr pit oi&opp I.[( PK()' oitopo I K(y poIroIll|ot e IIaIIa po yy [K
PK(). po piIeoipo PK() ooi po
oeooyoy. B fioo ogaoii 19 |9?p. aa:Uto:
..B '3y I{'
o e pie oao i poy iy
oary...fto yftoy anoPlro Iraa p5llloo rra,
yoBtII pearrlr
.[oay.}Ia oeaBlloopi.le
ao IIa epei aoo IIpoBooTa a eyi K
PK()"26. A pi.lei-po iopeeI{xepopii pai
:yo plt'i a aoypii.Haeoi Iryy' i
epIra opyellCia oi epgapIIK PKTI().xi
ioa yi vai aay K a piiKK ooiy
ay ei iexipolIK PK() A.ioa, .o a
Komioa, i i aaaoeoi llyel{Taapioi i axoiopy CPP a opPPP. oi oKye
a p..yopao'', o ooilBopoIriepooJIIoaJl
i o. Topa impii poIryBa.(ooi oai
.....aoI{ll
l92o p', oIraIla,r,
oio e yo ao
ipyIlIIIr{' i pa

ae alr oe' a ae:

a) oa ,oi oaio iopioo

oopy;
) o'rr r .oeyi ae rry ..yiy''
yepio pvoy,aiolt{y
a o a py'27.ox<e,

i e aoBaIlll IlI\i, o a aJIo a oax eKapyi}

poii iro, oB Il yo. Ie .aoi oii ipya'' i axl y-o r)IraIrr B''ai. I o, o aa apoa
IIa' Borr oy IIo:UI paT KoPoII. Haao oe4 o
paia IIe a )Kox paB a i opy ai a gi otl:l.l,
epi iio-Kanoo pa eopai eii.
po. fl I1ooyJIIraooiai ai aoo epey aee
poeelroo 7923 p. He ao olrpIrx aolox p, aBop
ooitloi :IIaaJl'o oap'pyIeBoy paoi rao
i,2Wo o 25o ypaii, a Taapii - ypii KaaI,Iotly
pe-y2Et..ai poO ipaxy io oox opyi i
.

3a r*,roiorroo erry aIIII 1926 p. Tiifi opi eruat7|,59o ypafti. Cyrirro' o ppo io yli a I}ro
pi' IPo 3o|o o1|'5o t[ABo paftl!' .l' o.3' crrp.2523,ap.l3).

57

a l{IIo' y I|I{xBxoo, o ypaii JIaIr II3Wo aell,

tl60 Iry }rilig.3a. opiaIlx IIaI BrtJ) o)KJI
Biyrr i i pry IIoi i eoirroci yiIloo (rcop
[oay. p y aop ooil|oi oJIaJIIl a yKy .epy To ol| i a ooo oo a
xltlloo,
P(, o p:eII t|(i fioay e ai
I<
oil
)e exiIr{ _ aa, ope Bo yiIix paoi },toxe
Ba orrr rrpoyoi i o)Ktti ix aoi
epriPD.
opa olroiItx por}t, Ilo'ax epeae I4x
..rrA
oi.
propifi Poii, iexifto ivo L'lIt:
ypaiui por epei Taarrpiy, o i io ao oay'
ci lreepo'o a lroy Ir apo 3y'80. apye
IroprroyaJro i , o epi aoo epia pai
yo llogi B Ix Isoo IITa...Ku oKlIr{3'3y ip
pafioi ielr Cxoo i parrlrrgi ag6 opy, _ aJI aBop
ooirroi, _ y]rG )D{ i piIe yix paiBtlKi: 1) To.
e i m. CI|II a aii oilo aJI: ep
po e' lo oxta pea i.eoy Cxoy Taapi, :Ule aII{
oeapo-pyle, a pyA - i o.-pyr, a.
JIurTaarpi. o: epllloy Bay eoiic.['oay,
pyoy - aioai ipya'8l.
3ilo oaoIl 16 )o |25 p. o yPP ya pe,aa
epmpi, a if, eIaJIo 278 08l ooi, y m a. i i
yo iopeo epri 3 IIaoeeI{ 4189 ooi32. oa e:a

yfuri 3aJIlIIa IIa ii yiui. [ aaxIlll

:TT oallo BK PP ya oa aprera oii, y ooB
C.Tep.apie' a a ix 8 prrao.aJlItx oii. Bo
ori y rrpiry aoi a iloo{:i a.#3. o
ix a xoIl peaIrl|rr ix iaex copi. Pooy oo
etri eprropii i oii yrri irui eaaJlo ai
1 . Ae aiefi cTpo oo ao poe. ori
pI| yo e' o i opa r.rioi a Kyoi a Bopooi
ypi, iio-Kaaoo Kpa io aaaJII{ i
IIy. Bye pire epaIrrx qai B()IIIlo af,o, o
ia paii.
olrro y,' ,'n- a propii yp,
y epy
yureA
'3y II ooa IIATK yl.tsK o.yueo
Bi
opea, o
3fftaa,
PCP
A.

yi.
o epcap BK Coy
..l) Toplrri ierx apopai i oimx apoi PCPP iKIlaIo pai aifi ttIl iei epii, o ixo o yPP...

58

2) ia e ayo i eir epolra.,oprl{a, ipi,

ao i ..
3) tlo oo}IT o oI|oo aypy, }to ei aepi,
oy i i iti oIIl|, po o r ellepa IIIoo yoBlroarteoo''34. Po'a iplrx IfaII ayJlo oy, o 3
y peai PPP i, oa, iio.Kaaoo Kpa
BIry&II ollppelrii iaoo.fiItooo xpepy' epa>o
eopymri i KyIrat.
Ioi oepia i peyBar ay i pIttIIl o yPP. e paIro.a:Uloioiii yo
oiy o.alo oio BBK, o ..apii i pai
paIr PPP
oy i aee (o6o palr o
pai _ aB.) epeor' alt<o o pa oao i
tIT ii, i po lloy iiiay. a, - a i, Itp., i a p epropii ypi lieopaJrIr,t
irrorrre o ypaiiaii ao&e i pay. ol ya ya
i, o ye llpoeea yIa yiiai aeeIIIi' i o i' xo
II 3a yioi o yy lli a exi yPP''s.
Heoyti ox yi aoi oaoIl IIBK PP BKaJta
oi epopiai yepeIr. ooo orp oi ot,!
aKoo ioi ai ooo Tarpioi o(py. Kopo y
ItpooIr o aii oii, popiau ai e Ie ap xyopa
iooo, a ca ai aIrl Illto' o ai yo
II:D(oI{a oi PPP, a i aay a irrroy' CPA6. e
oploao lrea'IIre aoBe' a>e 9oo x<i, i ipa.
Il i ooa J a pa(ylro Cioi opy pai i
lll I0o pil(ytto ,oeIoo pf,olry PPP. Kpi oo o
pafio a 9Mo aelrypai, i e Bo oy' oyd7.
Ae op i pye ia opoa axaa epaBa e
ai yo paii, o epy aalo paT o
PPP Capoiy opyy. Ioi oi ye aoTpsB peTBlrl,t iio.KaKlr}oo Kpalo. ' y cri o
ellepaJlrro epeaP K K()y .Kaarroa epap Cap.
ioo opapToy [.K.lo oia, o |924 p. i aa
Iraa&a oTBIl iieili aa' i poyaJl JI a
aap paiy. It peo o iTIreIr iii i ri.l aa y i. Toi, o a rri yii otri, y
ri oa i aci aapy' a aJ(oI{aa ioy
o. Ioi ii ix eaceil i.Kaoo Kpa exya
iepo oaio. Ta, i v xiomieoi aaii

59

BII |925 p. oI{ yIIe apaJIIroay oi, aio oo

iya oi yi ypaioo xia fi e:laB i ip
eo. i llo xiamieIla
oeJro epee e
ixtxt a arr 3pia38.
Ta I{o' oalloa ItsK PP 16 <orm |925 p. e ira
}IaH po pa.r'Ire
epmpiae Poe)I(yalr' ooi oo
x<a eopa pIIr a eooia otliri. rrao
aoi Bepe yioo aeeIIIl o ByBK i BK Coy PCP,
ylllyJlo pi i aii opalr 3oy a o elrpy Ipo
Bpey&r opoi' Bp(oyloIr lraioai ill aeeIl
plropolloi y. 3 ooio aI.to3 lloo a o K
BK() y pai |921 p. BpIIy K KII(). Cpav a ai
rpey aeeIIIl |926 p.' IIK K()y aaaB,o ..o II0o ay a
e, pei o CPP eprropii PPP JIIro ypaioo ae oia,2lr{!l., e paIoIrooaJ(lr aa},t
Kyi i Bopoei yepix a iio-Kaoy Kpai''39. 3
ooiri poollyao e i epea paii ioii pao
Kyp i Bopo:vIll{' aei, epaxo, ypai, ae
oeplryIr Iaxy a TaapiKy opyI{' epeai PPP ioio
oao I-K PP i 1 orr |925p.I{e apyrya i
opaivIr{ Il, ae eooiI{ pop(ya, ii
ppoojliax yo. iallo' plla.,o :lJIaIrIr
a'oo yi ei pi.r Ka po .oey oKpyy
iirro.KaBKaoo Kpa PCPP i ppoIrrr pooB)elrI
,oeIloo yioo aey. B o :e iope xoi
oKpyr i CPP io ltlyIro il ooapy oo - oa
i.l oa yiaI.I, epeIoyIr rropaJli poi yix
ie i aypix oi oo ioy'o.
l( K()y pTaB o)K yay I{K BK() rra opyelr B IIaioao.yTyplroy yiui, iiy ix pyi ppyerr aioaoi oi apii y ioei o ypaioo
atl' o I{IK:UIo PCPI. oa ooii i ao
opi i, a r o pao itopyto iri apxii xepra.
Ta, 56.033 topi-ypaiu, o :l&,t |92425 .p. B lIIKoa
Kyoi
ypii' oiy pio l{oo oep)yJII{re 345 i,
ao o'6o. Ha ei i rue 3 ypaii lIIKo. aa yo a
926n,I .p. ava.o ipll Ie 43 Io I ye, B x
:IoBa 5.880 ie, p ol'y BI{Ka+aIr
a ypaii i
yo eaeo tte B eprpi au. IIIi II ye re 3,
xaT-I{Tae_ 22 i iei _ 5l, y popaxyllKy a 3700 ooi42. Ta

60

ai loo yo lreoao oo' o ypaii i olt

oTpIryB oiy Pilo oo.
He a eoIlopaoi BpeIr ypaioo ypy, K
K(y' yioo ee popoIrx epmpi o errpaIlx
paHIlx i ai opalriB, Ifall paeoo TaIIoBJIeIr
iio.ix opotli pai oil a a i e yo pieo.
1 arr oftra rrarr. 1918-1920.6.oyr.lrro apa.o.
B 3-x
oa.- T.l. - K.' l967. - c'2o2
2 ipr<ysoIrIIi pooqx poirrvo.eIlooypy CPP (i _
3 paft)._ 1919.- f 14.- C.l46.
^
J Kor'lr'ryrvea lrPtt - oPtIaoP oxIIoPIeJI
olrrrrerroo
yPI{I{ool{aPoa odpaoreCCCP: C. oy}leo MaBrteril{
.
Pa,Io.- K.' |972.- c.22.
] 3 pailt' - |92o.- If l. - C.7.
] lo irr, .2, o.l, rp.l8,v.1' ap.l09.
o
Ta g, ap.70.
, Ta xe,
.5' o'l, .320' ap.39,rp.32l'ap.l3,53.
6 Ta x p'320'
ap.39.
* xe' .577,o.l' rrp.l68,ap.l.
.1
lU Il/1Ao pailr'
.5' o.2' p.331, a..24; lAo pai, .l, o. 20'
.. r.l8l3' ap.39-57.
lllZ to pill' .5' o.2,p.33l, p.2.
Ta x<e.ao.4.
l3 Ta e, a.3' 4 .
14 a:. a.6.
15 a x<e'a.60.

l9 Io ir, .l, o. l' p.54,ap'244-245.

]1 * e, o.20'rrp.l813'ap.l02-l(.
lo lr,
o. ,crry.2524,
ap.ll.
]l
. a re.ao.l2 ..l,
"" , a.tt.
]9
.L Bc".-1925.- 16 op.
opo,*,'-.. Iopipai. - .2. - .l83.
??
3 pai. - |92o'- l..le7.
- C.12l.
ill, .l' o: 6, p.48,ap.64.
11
Ta
xe, rrp'49,ap.5.
'o
?2u, <e,.1,o.20,p.l813,ap.69.

.' TaI e. ap.7l.

28 Ta e. a.71 .
29 Ta *".
30 Ta x.
31 a' >e,ap.72.
pair, .l, o. 2, clp'3144,ap.l58.
1? to
ii * )e' o. 3, crry'?524' ap.l1 .
i] ""'x, p.620' ap'l7.
i] * lr, o. 2, p.3256, ap.5.
j] * <e,.l, o. 3, r.604, ap.l.
:, IIl[Ao pai' .1, o' 6' rp.86,ap'71.

6l

1! o irr' .l, o. 2o,ctp.22?3,aF.25'

1l Io ftr' .l, o. 2,crrp'|' a.l58.

Ta e' p.l62.
4l :.
42 Ta ,(e' o. 2, qlP'622, ap.l7.

$ 3. priaJr po}iexya
3 oaooA |92$|926p.
PtC 1940p.
e oJAaDo
ue epopiIloo le]yIII| i: paio a yii
parr y.ian, lpooplry i 2Gx i' oxoll
i ieo.axiy atly yPP. xoi |9v| p. y yo yTBopo
oy Amoy Coa.lIiy Pally Pyiy.
o oao ay pai iopi ieypi' pvei
yrpe ACPP, ia (UtoI{IIo ii e aK
oi iiiaoi oiii .Krooo. ii oii a
ii irree ie B elrepyIii i i iaii ii o
ooi ooii. Po irrx }ror(oyii' opa oIroo
a TaKo)t(
ii irroIloo ii apaii, .Ca'
..iiiaroi py'' pyytlIrx oyii-irrpaaii'
.irri
o:r yBao paIlKx iopi' Ti ,
oooi l.ry' aJ|I4LIla]|c
..iiaroi py'' I.ty' PaBo, e
xo aaiy il
i
oaaii oix oio aif,x ai, i yuy ix y
..aeax IIa ox oaIlx oyii i eapix aii'',
ax I{Irylr a pya oooo Kay ypy ayoi
.. paei opieryIi lr{o'aBlrapo, a
yi, a ao)l(
py}|ytt'{yyypy''l.
3aae pyMIrIr poi iop,roi ay lra ie
oIroIloy oI{I{IlIli iopii Paoo Coy pIlo
aoByalr yepeIr oerri, i a ie i a opt|
APP. e oys' pea io i aroii il..ooo''
iiiao pyo py"y"""* oyi.iepl{ioaii l.[iy i
..ypaio'' furiifrrBllo pyo ox oyii, ooao
.Kro. Kox<a 3 x aIIa o popay opIili aoi
yi a oexQi ip' oi yII Kx IIo yu xapap. o ooBx a' Iraoo oo poopac
yi ix oiie .Koooo a iiao pyo I.[iy,
coyB:Io ep)aIroo TaTyy ayri ooi yi a ii
e. pxtl ii .Kmooo - o.pirue, .Taeo a iri

62

B)Kttl' o eoxio moplr oy Arooy Coa.lliy

Pay Peyiy ,li yPP' iorr il oi
ifia a eepaBl|x aaax. pya l.[iy B oylrtIrTax,
iax o K PK() i K K()y' pooI{a yy po ilic
BopIrIr a io:l'<i icpa ooi CPP, a ..p,aa
o oy pio e, o, rrrr Ilo' ayr ill il
irae 90oBg''2. I.iy, A.yyey, A.Hioay, oo
oxii opeIr e oooi yi, pooya ll
e-pe o ii 3l i pai'o' o epya lrao u y ai Pyyii.
B uy o aa y a orIrpIroiaioi ii a eapai a Pyyi. Hoxii poo Bxo(eH
afiyroi Moaoi CPP o CPCP pyyi oyi-ieplligair oBa , o paia ye..e B x'' IraIr3aIry
iaoo-eooiy oolr|oy aoBoIIerrIIepruoepox o
yroi ooi yi''3.
BioI o o3i, o yJl, o alrlr ioo
ooi Peyi e ut oi, a aoJ ooi
oy, o i.eooia ooii yi oa eoplr ii 3ooelrp ptra ',l elrx Pyyii, ooo
aii. Bxo ooaoo aIloo qrooioo allo!r\,
oII BBa:a' o pIIa pai ye e oi iy iyoy oollapo:r(oi oaoi yi. 3a ix ipaxya
o yo opio oaee l0 . ., or ia o
i re l . . oare 6x<coo eif'
Ta I{Ilo' e alalo a pii i,qxo, oi iiiai py
Ba]aJIIto i oox apyei a lp fr o oxti
plropI.r oBrre pire CCP ..epaoo a''.
I{o BIr{aaJtai il 'rpira pat(rra I{oaoi o..eapaoo
a''. paIro CPCP a pe
pyyoi oi
L924 p. y Bii otryB paIIy opy
Blrytty pooi po rtpoer i iury. p Pyyii
io aai ooopa ..oae Pra'', Ba:
oo oTaoo pie. Peya Bieoi ouii
y
pae epi lyarr oi ixor o piIe ..eaG
oo a''. ol
x aa y Bopgri a i<x<i
fiipa ooi aroooi eP)aBIIoi ai yPP. pioep)KIIe epi CPCP a rroy ai pituo oIra ..o.
aTriy poy a poB'It,furyaoo
alr'' 5rpiIo
aioao-epaIro oio oo oaoo ae
ioexxt
[ipa.

63

a oaJra y ii $2a p., |'

o Bioi oi,
PK()' ep)KaIre pir CPCP pIro Ee rraJro pay
pya ooi aooii, opyBlIIE aa e ioi api i epxa opallalr{ pai. 7 ep |924 p.
oito K K()y o ocalloy po yope oaoi
aooii y ai yPP. Bey arig i va ioo IIoo
pie BBll .py - m elr oi'o K K(6)y' yll
ooB Paapoy pairr, olr{ay 3po a pai i
Kpy. po Aoo aJIy po ui ri ilr m t, o
'3y ey .py oi a II Booy 'ii Pa,
a Taoxt 3a1po Hapoai iox p:l, ooo tlIl
p MACPP a o.lli r( K()y yo rreo 18 oo a
1 p. ooi a oi IIK K()y i 18 oo
..Biag (a rrpo yTope oaoi
|924 p, aaro:
Aoooi Coiaictroi Poi Peyi - ar.) o oHeIr
o. y o''5. Ha eioo ypiua .ye i
!l oo ey y oi .Cai i ire ooo.
pBaJr o a p yopqr ACPP, oa oaJtr epi
oifi iT' o a Aoy I( PK() opr| ifia rr
,.a uI pBee
o '6. Ta ra pxi9
iei
M.py o
Eopelrlr oasoi epaoi orrto,
oxo)KeIIIr{a ooo py:o
oo
a
y,
oIroo
..Koo a irrII{ oBK o1ria, a iroo _ I.IK
PK() aa y y alr| oo' Koy o)ra opy oi
IIa a poo}| pya o,aoi arooii.
orr, oeP o oao oi I K()y i 7 e
|924 p., i aaIl'o tlaa..oiHooi i
ai CPP oaoi aroooi oaci''' K K()y oIloa
epaB o I.IK PK() poIrIl'Ire I{Ilol' otrooo pitu
..ooi arrooii y ai CPP
po yope
o oBopoo
py lloo I{at|,' gaoi I{K K(},. e opylroyaJlo
xii poBeeIr eoi imooi poo r,l Bgalroe
ioioo ep]aIroo Tyy aoi oaBoi aooii,
Bl{all ii epmpi"rx e)K, poloiy ep)rI|oo afiIra oei
i oii yepix, a epopix K}lx oIll{a ya opyBari
oa epai, eoxiic peeHoo BBeII ioo
Kay IIae it icpa.
Bax ie pai yBpe ooi aooii IraJIe]KiUro
a p ii ep:a ary. KepiIlo pai' tl opIrI}raBI
ix ipyi i K PKII()' pa a Ire oo BaIl

I
I

oy alri. }Iae opio yo oo aIroBI ii

eIarri oaoi aioaoi. o iei po y yei
oii .Koooo, I{epaa Aiipao-Tepopiaa
Koii BIIBK (IIATK), Koii aioax lr.teo p
BBK a Koryuil oii t BIpK
'y pir a
oooBllo ioi oJaBoo aerilr iopo< [ipa, i
axoIi i a3ax B opalri' Kottylia oii y Boi
ocalroi i 13 i |9? p. yea ya oaya: t.Pire

po opaiai oaoi yi lr oai, ypii, opy

pafioy ia ooo ay, oJI ye ao i epi aepi
o Irolt{y'8. 3 a yo iooa pooa oo yopI{
oaoi aooii e oa
i a i. oe yo
apii a yoo eKa ioirx aio i IIK K() a
BytIBK i e po a poIr iiiy. Ha e pyB yBay
I PK() .pye y ooiliil aii aii II |924 p.
lIK PK() oIr IBI{opeaya. 29 tl 1924 p. 6a pa
oalioBa oi I{K PKI]() .. oy ACPP''. i opea
aaaJl(rc:
..a) B:a
eoxirr.l,aep o.ix ipya, ie
IoJIaoo aee y euiay Aoy Peyi ai
yP i :rpoolryBa I( KIy m ioii
.l yi
paIrIropalra;
) 3oya I.( KIT rr oo oip IIK PK
vepe i po i i o opaiaii oaoi Aoooi
Peyi;
) [opyr o. pye oeII 3a IIaIBlIIl{poBIIIIo a'9.
i oo lIK KII() lrapa iloiy py oeoy
yoy aii a yooy. B i ayao: ..Bi K PK a
opai peB po ope Mloi Aroooi Peyi'
a oIirra Ir(oIr aotloIloy 'y CPP. roo
e a aIIo Be popoo i ae olio io. Tep opa
le TBepo pyIr o ooolt llarx ioa 38Bn5''10.
oe yo y oo'a ep i ooi 1 pari
ai lreoi po.
Ta Ito, yope oaoi epxraoi y i CPP e
iire o'yao il oio PP, oo oi y
..apaoly
IIaIri''. ee aey aaII ie
ioa.ep)Kaoo yila i:poi io plro
oya ei ii o. 3a opo poi:r<oay e aH
5 .t.: .t

65

aiIrxoiTIopoIIK K()y -8,I2 ep

Tpi oBoPaJIo.IIa
.|9?
p, a lraaepeIlIto iv i
i 4 e
',""' ( PK( rpa oofuIyyy IIa BIIaIloxi a
a ioex:i
m
op ooi ioaoi ep;lloi
'a I& rrarroilo In( PK() oTrrp ooopaoa
[ipa.
ix aiax. yai yo m i oaoB3 orraoBo
IIao,..po oy PP-. pyi - " 25 BpeIr|924 p,'
irpo I( PK( aeprori Is( K( oo y]'BoI|E
Ioi Aroooi ColriicEIiPaoiPyi' BKaeIri
B oo oaoi i 19 epIr|9?1|p. aeelilr ep)(tlBtloo
ayy oaoiaooii epio pai ye yo
oayAPPipailoioepex:[,ipa'
oaaeelre aooiroi.
y
3a aoi ryai BI!apoa B3aeo lvIAPP.
poi.
i
iax i ea ioo y po}raJlepra]oypai
olli ACPP pereyaraa Aai' To, iya'
Ha p.l.r
||o
Pd. Ce x i Aai, oaalrgcatotg
rr.i11.o rc i y afiirico .aiei icpa.
oo .,IIII! aoBlt,, ,,","*o

l8 . o.12. Oa, a oia.

a' Ai e y pap igo. Kpi mo, eive

poayIrlr(ao o o opoy) e) e o3oyIrIrTa
ip apio.ep}Qoo epia pai. Haie
'"o"y
ixo oIl opy PyIroi o:oo poie p)aBIIIlx
yo' aoi )ooo oy a oyllaJloi ipaTpyyp
To. Ae cpaiIrepo3ayre: e ooooy a
oelo I{APP.
a aii
Ha o.rry pelr |924p. e ra oooopao
a ei
ip
yI{IlB
Ii
K()y.
I
eiaoi oiii oifio
..poapoyii'',
aa]r{epe,
,
ioo y ipya,
pi tloI{36% egatli.Ta pi oiii oipo I.]K
i<toy e yo io )i(tl. 'y pa o APP
.ar, ooopy)rIiyaoy y"i' 9.h piea
piopIII|afiyoi olIaoi APPI. Ta o, i
pooorelrMACPP alla aa ii o.
IIa ai i pyoi 'lo oeI| ltloaoiaooii yy .KoplIII|'pap oeoo yoyy apii.
B ooiiI( PK( a I.(K()y' aiai22 cepl |924 p.' i
.....a)i(ao eoxie orro ioa I]K p
i:
pyo, o'ax unooo. Tpyoialri: 1. Bya piva,
aee pipo'i;2. pii
o pollyo oaBe
66

ii pi.tt poifi, ypai, oatlr{ a ieIrr

eIIIIr{;
3. IIi ui (popioo, Tao, yoap) ep:aoi ii epeoo iloo aoeIrl{; 4. 3iraic
aoee B opel|{x llaeex yll:lx' IIapIr' ooBa oaB.
oo, 3'y 3 a a iiyto i i; 5. Ioai ol{x oJl:lBx i y aoy opyi i pi'
aH yo ierx, ypaix i if,x i; . Byi
y-oi ooi, aoif,oo oopoo iy; 7. .(ai
ii oJloo aeJle o.qri f,oo olei
i
pei opex oe,re aIly ay i yepii; 8. afix
oa iyi oI{x yypllx tl; 9. Ca IIa tltl
It{oB'o po,Ie }|oae teeIIIr.Ae e i i ipi e
ey aIy yy prii tloalr I{pIr ItI1'r.
IIaa BIre pyIroa .KoplIl olIB i T
paIloo BllotlIlll a ix aBa oo IraIoo
oope MAPP, i y .lli IrpeTIrBaJ(IIK PK() a I-
K()y. oa, yo yopoi apio-ep:aoi paiaii,
oa yo a yoo yIei y p e oe i
eog' oa oiy o I{K PK().
Kepio tIK PK() ealli aciiI aao i IIK
K()y aepeIl pelrrr Mo.aoi APP. oa pBa y.
arBJIaIt' o pya l.iy, tlBIl ao..Bey ai''
ai epx<aIloo oop APP, e llooy:rlrrc 'i
erax' iex ifi aio.xiaIrIr opaalla yPP, afia
Ie oe)KeIIIt{oaBoo llaee ioepxx
llipa.
I.l[iy BIry pI{ PIrIraeIIooo opaiioi
3oa,
oiii yopelrlr oaoi APP o.piea, K'| y ,
pooyIr a e ie oaIIIraa pyya. Ha ovay ep
|924 p. ii py l.[iy y oooi a ai ooo yoy
apii. I.[iy y ooIiTo oepre, o ..o i ye i ai
porl. po c poo IIaBoo oiii (ao a yai oppo - a.), o i i oo p yy lieao ip:ei B poop]e I. PK()''|S.22 cprl |9? p. pile oeoo yoy
yo .oeeo o ioa i ipalle K KII(). I{e a ooop|uto i a epeapiai K l(oy.
oa, KoKpcrlrx oi
e yo eo.
}Ia epoy ay pyyo-apaoi iiaoi pyt' iA i Iioo aai a ioii

5*

67

o B APP, epap lIK K()y o.e aaBito: ..

y:e yilo y opi iyr ei iiiaroi py e
lo CB8pI''16.io, JlIIr 3aopeIloyi i e
IloBIl yeproei: pyo l.iy' orroo oy, i oe
yoo apii, oppo yope ACPP, 3 iIoo, a
earrtlB a eelrrr xoi IIllIIoBaIIx
lII( K() oo
alrroooopeIl It{oJIBoi
ep:toi.
3a ax yo I.$ K()y iI popr copIt APP.
a iee K PKI( aio-p)aBlroyepiBBypai
imoy poory rul(o BIrepyBBi K K()y aa i
ooo yoy apii ax i. 3axoa K K() epeaa'Io..i iei ooi ei oeoo yoy, ipa
eiox i i pao }|oa.ei py oaIrapai, i ;talo epropii yPP, e o oeo
yoy i yooyoipooi alei
i oeoi ypii aIIpipo', eeoioaaai
yopeIra iA APP''17. yo ai BI{aooi i
oao,i eraopIr ooo yoy a ii
yooy i poy rrxa:..pa,ro y olt,toaBoo rraeepipooi pi ooi yepii,
pily oooi o oyry i o i epy alItlIt{
pIl}raaioaoi oi Paoi ari ooo aioIiaJIO(]r{eIoge,
oA yooIIoaIroBJre
[IIlo ByI.IBK
aIIIlpo yopeAoooiooiPaoiPrryi't8.
pooaIroay iei,a
Borroa,K K()y aaIIyBa
oi i yiarri ei aai a BopIIIroaoi AP.
B oi i a, aiai o oeoo yoy apii, aooyBaJIo'o rx Ty(..oBIlHapooI{a ya, o
iiaopoopalliauiiAPP aaepeaeaee'{9.
I< K()y yo poetro ao) eTaHIreapi aoi pyp TopelrlrMACPP. B y {laaJlo'o
..l. ioi axoll BBKaloepleI{
i oo y
poeIraaa pooa: a) o apo; ) opePeo;
) aeiopo;) aiveaiipaBliAepPyi;
oai i opaoi, 060 eei i oao ipa,
oraoi ei yoKoy i ..; ) poopo epIroo
poovoo aapaaf,ytlooypy.
2. |llc aie ioooi poo eeai y ioiloy
Ki pi:xaro ByK ei p yope.Peyi:
a) a oaBKooaei oiei ao ox ipa
68

ao Pooi; ) xm-y i af,yooypy i iiiaoi

py[r;) peoeoo yooy.
3. i aE)eBI Peoy ogrripya
o i
pootl i o 3 Ir po3ya opriaiaoii.
4. Paor aivyIoa;IIJpirrelh K|1oBl,te
oBeplryra ie oi ocioi .lly:.
5.3i po }paelIiy .piepeae i aprue
.
ii opyveoi oy poIl o In< K()y.
6. B iooBa
-.1 lroI{a y aepruao peoi
(ipoeoa}|_ ar.)
ii IBK.
7. Bi repia i artipoo epeIo
o K'20.
[oye, ia pap K (o)y' ooo ByB
.I.e' yo ig3g9ooeoo .y*o"y apii
a yolloy' i o'yBIIJ|II}
aeroo oari.
Haxaa aiioovoi
o, a i epeoa
ya oIIoBIIo}|y
Bepelra.
I{K (y, il ioiioyrii K PK()' p19 e |92i p. oaIIoBynpo y'"o"""
Amooi oaoi Coiaicoi Paoi. yi

a.i yPP. B i y aei epropi i opo,

yplre
pf,olrya'cpyypa af,yroo ypy, i ao<*u"o,
..np"
o
poei aiorraoioi ACPP Tpa yp a poBo
apooioaoi,o''.
ay yo aaoopoo:..p

i _'..ptl''. Boova
Il}| ytlKo oaoB
BaaJto,o ..oaa, paia i
ifia o otllli
piopa o popii ACPP.
.iooo yi aax
peyi ttollllo cT|Ic oo iroi
aeIlll oroi ii
atltl''2l. oaoo K (o)y, e
e ioa lIK PK(),
ipa ao Ire oy poo py
l..iy plrIro o ay A..PP .epropi eaii, aoBo "*,o"n'"
oKyoally
pyyll}' ia''. Pile po BeIr
.pe yo iTrpx(Iro i oao I.ff PK() B 26 epeIl pzZ
p., e ipeBao, o .. ai yBope Aoooi
Moaoi PP
oBIlIlo y aaelro, o xi fr op.oo
e epxa Kopot{
cP,,."22. Ta Iio apio.epx(ll'tl epio
Paoo
Coy aJIo 3poyi, o p)aIrlr opolr APP
oBI{IreIr po*o"1_9 o l[ipy,
o pyy i [yro, i e oa aiya
-a
i B[R. o:e, eapae
a i a yJ" o.
aoi ACPP y oaoIlo gei Ira ea B
aaJIIry
ay Bypiroi i oili epxaoi oi
iPP
uay.
Cooo pyy ..y'' a yo o.aoi
'o.oo i
CPP,
v
69

aoaoa ii oiii .Koooo. i iooo ii

EepeIro K PKI( i I K(6)y 'o}|y l24,p. oiit
aaepioi pa .Koooo rr afiaiIy ya
ailaii epe lr{coo IIaoe'II ioe:x icpa Kpi oo'
y'e aIraa( aox I( K(y oo xGaIroo oop
ooi ACPP ya allaoalr aiaagi yiai i
iIi poi23. Bioio o ei rriax i eax ioexr ipa
poBotirr op' plrf,Ir{apeooii. xai i .lIlloo rrpoxoI(e, oa Ir r o|(y}ra irr orroo yio.oiIll|oo ae, y eao ipo. Ta' 30 ep |924 p''
o6o :e lra aepIaJli caii iooo pioy, poIIrpIrrry alrroo opIrooy aia epa}ry o B}BK, i
ooo llpo poxaIl .II.oaBIIopyy IIryT Ira
aii ii yIIBK I{TaIIp ope I|toaKoiooii.
3 e I92a p. oi aor iyo 3aI(pI{ i ii
ByIIK, IIa oy poaJlo a ..po oaa oaoo
aeIl yrope ACPP''. Bi iei ii ByI.IBK yo pilo
a,ia ary eep}|yi i.i<pea, o ivo.
afi yp i yy i yTyp aioax
etoe, olrty i i ooo apoy24. Boa itlo
(ao ii ByBK
oi eepaIr y oyioai
.
yiaifi i.
oa, axaoi alogi y ooo i ie ypaioo aeeIII| ioe
icpa 6vmc lre (rc. ooi.
i K PK() 8 py |924 p. epeap K K()y o.Mee
Ila: ..ep aoo l|oaBoo aeeIr ie o yi
oay ya ypiya af,xe afiy:e. Ae oai oci oopT
p ' o pyA Peo ypiya oy aeJIIlIl :D(oeIr{i a ie oa opyBaIr ai epe aelr.
eo ero io o yBopell APP iee ypaie
aee'{S. a a&III! yii o yopelr a ilxi
ooi aroooi epaoi oIre' aaIlepe,
[i
eIIIl o ii ay oii yo ypai aeI{.
pre yiarri a iei i pmo yoo ioTtroo pioy' a ooo a oro BIIIyJroy i, iulJIa iopaui Ie po yiI xi ioo o yBopeIr
APP a oBIIy ipy oy pyIIrx a ioxtx
[ipa.
.'Iitii oito icry epio4ro lyKBNlv|c,3opea;a raJ:lx
ae ..fl;lyapy Pol'' (.epo opa'') - oiiuoo.opally ooi ei p oeoy yoi K()y. io iy aoi

't0

aii y i, aa ..pa''?.6 cepml |924 p. epo)oiivaa,

..ea pyx''
o
a yopeIr olaoi ACPP oo ..e
pi'''.
Ca rria rrryai oIraoeIlIt{l
o aa i
a ioer<i [ipa, yIra opaiaopi MACPP oTyIl
3aaJlIroycaJreIt{
pI$ra}r.
Cay l1ig5116.P)aIrlrx
yope,r Bt,aa' K paBlto,
3ae)oi eoi gioo aeelr i ropii, a iA oo
oalo PoxIrJ.oIr IIrIrIroo
'rr oaoo
a eoxio yo y.o BopIr a io,xi
'i'pa
oy aBolroIrypoCyJliy.opyroy e' ooaPapoy
pi B.yap a III ii BI]K y :oi |2a p..aaa: ..Ha
oe,IopilyaaIIPo 0, .l rpioBaIroBJI:l
pa
oi oai a, o opo e oaJlrrea pao, aeeI{
e
iIociie ypai.I pio Iloy' B
)l(
o
i pao oi y ieei o oo"opaoiaoooi
ooi Peyi, xoIl x iy""i'
o eoio oBor.tyapoy' oaKllpyul a oig ao
ai opo o i iipaoi oi, i aya
opIreooiA i yypA
lo, o i pao, i
eooio 'ai ixt ooto, y io ei
o .lt<ii
aroooi
yi'26.
12 xo i BBK pa (rcaoBy..po yBopIIIr
Amooi oaoi CPP''. o ii ay yiI
o,""*o.o
"u"'n'u
opyy (P,ipy'oeiiA,
AaiBa
Ca paf,o oito i a Kpoo, oo
i
Baoyioo paf,oi) oioi yepii a oeoo
opyy
(flyoa, popiooA, Taf,
i Ce
to) oeoi yepii i p aexyi Tyoo opyy
oioi rpi?', a Illlo' y ACPP aia.o
582 aei
yll' o'eli 12irp, e eJlo4|g 238o. C
tl:}'tlll
y aaoioar:oaarr
- 183 285 . (48'7%), y*p' _
98l ro. (34, 2%), r;i _ 35 lo. Q,9o),epei
1_46
-.28 3t
(5'|%,,IIi_ 10 8? o' Q,|o),oap 6 4g4
"o,.
Qq, oK0,3o, ltlllli - o,7 o28.
"oi'
oxe, eIIIlo ay APP pao ioex<l
!ipa,
e oaBKeIIaeIIe alroBlro epa:oiitoi,
a
o:i e ioirrep)aIray ooi
aoooi
yi i opo oIrpi yoB opio ltl'Iloo
poByii ooi i yryp. ..e-p'' ay paoi
o
oii
'71

aaao)i(eprpi eapaii,a 1918p. eyaa ai

opiPyyii.
Kopo lrooTBpeooioaIo.p)aIlooopyIry
aeill xo |924p. a airriPalapoy pai. Bo a
poxorTio iie: ..1.3 ieooa(oy o iio-axioy
KopoIIyi py i oi Bero-Kooo oy yKoo
opyy oioi yepii, AyIr mi o oporrax K'oo
paoyTy.rooopyy oioi yepii, aJIlIIIotrl
oi
i api,
eo or i ieo 3ari, yiJ'i IIIIpIr{y
epo Kpyoo paoy aoo opyy oeoi ypii'
yai B apy.alriop' i i eep,oe,oi.
2. 3i xoy - o xioy opolryaa xirr ap}rKy.Aai, Baeoyo,Arroi, oei, Hoooapi,oo
ooi, eiIr, .Tpao,xyopa Cooef,oo,i o Kyyalroyrrayepeo oe apKya xip .Ti'29.
I{e opo AP

CPP

BBalKa aoIl.

, oamoo poe)yBIrIII ei ByIIBK opl{aapi

oiii, o x yitu IIpeaBIII{
yooi ooi a
oioi ypi i Peooooiery MAPP. oaly
B otloa.r'a poyu'iio K|IlI Beoaoo
IIaJIe)aJIa
'iy Pa.
oii
lci yoveKopolri,ieooeplreIr
'2|
oa |924 p. i BBK poIlya aI{Ilpo BKe
.a i a aroo paoy o ay MAPP. Haeori ue
pIroo
IlaoopoPpoopai. y IrIrIro
eoxipy a opy i peaoi oo
paoo MACPP, a a po pt{a oo aloo paf,oy
i .a Iry iit- 22 tlcorla.3 i pepxri
AK ioya ioii oy]r{e' x opyoyUto
oiic eopaioi, oioi i oooi oo opy pIIIIII .a i alroo paoy o oaroi ACPPgo. 26 lcoaa |924 p. i BIIBK plrIraoaoy.. ay
aoo opyy oeoi yepii i p pea .a i
aroo oy o ay APP i po poyriex paoi
aoo oKpyy''3l.
poe opy epopii APP rra iopex<x<i,Ilipa,
yoeIIIrii opoi ypaio pI{Bl.{:eo itll |9?.6p. ei
..po BpyB
|9?5 p. ByI.K a PHK CPP ozloy
opo Aoooi oaoiPaoiCoiaioi Prryi'',
i BaJlaeei y' o o,aoBo ii
72

agoooi yi: ..l. err eo oa iaoo paoy

i eo H: Cooy Beo.KoIlKoopaoy Tyoo
opyy o Kay K'oo oy APP. 2. epeg Cepy,
KoIry,ayty i ytyii Par Tyoo opyy
o Kay Kpyoo paoy APP. 3. ea e laooooy, af,r1 oIoiy, apy i Hoy Aliiy oeoo
opyy o ay APP. 4. Ceo paapiy iaoo paoy
Tyrrooopyy Jir ai Ka'oo paoy A]vt6pp-32.
i py yoIleo a| APP yil 11 fioi ioe:t
[ipa: Cooe,Tpao,popio,.['yoapIr,P,Ka', KpyIr(Ko),
ipy(Koofi),arr,Ari,
paoH.
I{e po i i ar{ioaooay. a IlIr{
oe, |926 p. -osalraoBIlIl 34,2% ;ra:l.oieoi
aeIIIlyi, ypai - 50,4Eo,poi _ 5,7%' ep1_ 4,8o'
iri aoaoi, a ix yo oa - 4,9%.Boo a epopii
APP, a aora8,l . lP, el&lro545 5m o.33. ipy
..o: CaceIre aepalll'' aleo
o iri ai. Ta,
oKpea'ay6'o y 1926p. ACPP po)t!Jlo30,l7o oaa,
48'5% ypai, 8,5opoci' 8'5% ei, 4,4ortp,caiilx
arlioao34.
Ta Itt|o'api|926 p. oooyy
aepeoepopiarr poe)KyIri: APP i yPP.
oarri i op.oyix io i oairo y pei
IIa oay pyoi iooi i. Haaao'o a!{oooaTy
poulaya io o'aa o3BI{piIe CPCP
eapaooa. 20.Ti - 30-i poKI{Eoo yo aeem.
aIr y ioxirrPa Coo a Pyyi. Ha oii
gi CPCP eapai opaxyaa fioo aoa aa. ox,
Pa Co aIBa oo pilo oaTo.loo pirepoorra. ooiapyxeif,ocao,a aoTpJI
oao pyoi iooi iA, caioy epiy Bao
Btlilaoy 23 1939 p. p&lrrKo.ieoy
ooBopy
po ea, a i(o,( ..[,ooopy po pyxy i opo'' i 28 BepeIr
1939p., pirurml p Iralroo poIIrpeKopoiCPCP. 3oa,
oepy{epopioriepoiypii' a ao: yI{T
Pyyi io i iivoi yo i ea ii o ay
p'oipai (ao o PP).
ai pooaJla}l' o ?6 i2.7 ep
oao-io
19 p, pyl"lyoyypy y apaeiyaioI!, B x
..tlaoeptl
pooyB:lo
eapaeTa To
7

poo Aoo poB'aI|,'. ?3 epIr aIl ieloi py pax

i oyrr elrpaa apii .K.yoBa cy IIa epopi eaii i irioi yo, a 3 19 p. ..ap'' tlo
epxail opolr PP.
IIa eprropii eapii yo rpieo oplrt oty o'ay
yfuiiy' a itiy i iei aIr oo pioy, 8 ao]l( ii.ry
yoy, rPeaTIr iifi
PCP. o:, lloy alra poea
Ilepey ypaio-ooo opotly. Coi pooii oo oo
a oaJrl{ o }vloB pxai opa yPP i APP.
a pooiro oaoi opolr }rabe oi (a
pox paoi _ Ko'oo' aoo i ioo) epopi
APP
aa y ea o ay ooi ooi yi. II]o x< o aii, o o' opi iioi - Xo a
ieoi - pya' ao:r aa yilt o oaoi PCP. p
IIy i pyai ei e oito ion o pai: Peiy,
op'y, Iiy ooi (i io eei y itoi
oaaa) a io Ii ( ..ert Kyyplroo eooioo
itl''
BeaaIIx pox ooe) pooyBJlo e>K ia
oi PCP.
Itoi yr"r y ep ioi PCP. oai o pii
Bepxooi Pa CPCP ..or p pery eit<aoo opotiy
ooi CP i propii' eoi o ypailioi P'',
aoalrif, 22 ag 19 p. i ii oo ii Bepxooi Pa
paii PCP .'tyxo' la al|oc:
.....1.iia aa
o - 474 6|7 ooi :ei _ IIaeJIea
oo tIo yi, ao i alo pya i yy,
i rao aIlo poi iIx a\ioaoef,, a ivo ioo e a io aTlro oJIBoo liay, i oy e ae ioo yiy, o B iia aa yo oa
xorr o Kay paioi PCP.
2. Heae ao) op ooIr ori pIra i ooo oiy o paioi PCP, e po)iil{ ooIl tloN{
ypaii (i ai pyIr i ai yy) a Bl{tlo eaoi aI{
(lia'poix o,oy oiry...
3. Cooo Aeploo oiry.
B Aepaoy oii aiy 368252 ooia ri, x
39jo- Ilii i poi' 43o-oap, ii, aayi i i i
i - |9,6o _ I{oJIaII.Bxo lloo' BBa)Ka' o AepI oi Tao( ol{e y pa oi o
paioi PCP.

74

, 4. Cooolaioooiy.
B Iioyoii aivy 255 9 ooi xei. 3 x:
34Jo - ypai i poi, 32o- oa|i j% - oap,aayia
oKpeoo KOx<i
irx aioa.oe.A o 3aporiaerteIr
ooi Iaioooiy, o Tae oeBIttl'o Kiii a
IaiiBooTxpo)(a i 50 o 65oypaillti poi i i
25-3oo- oaalr.
axa, o Iaioi oIIey peaIro
pioi PCP, xoIt aKxipya:
BIloypai,acoo
) *" io Iai aeeeIaxe
poia;
) o 33,3oorap i aayi, i x y oii, o'i
eeaTie ioo i ax, i oi y,
ix oa...
5. I, aIi, a po epopiooiAPCP.
oi APCP aiy 572 339 ooi xei, x:
i 51% - ypai, i
302o- oaB'|2,8o- irxaioIraJIIIoe
IraeIoyio ao Ko, ila, Aai,
KoKt|,ep,a;ri Kgo.
Barreoyi,
A pao i ope ipaa li paolri,pelrx o
paioi PCP.
aa eo

:lI.tlIJIr IIIlx o ypaix

pafioi y

ai oaoi PCP, a a yai xoa i e, o p oi

a aa' yix roax
oaoiPCP a ye ypaioiIt{oB'
oB&A ai
oJIKa
i yaoaoIay odo'Koa
PP'85.
paoi
paioi
o
o paopypl,ra
IIPoBe
ep)Kao-ppitua
Moa
Bxo 3 oo' o
rioo .
mpiae po}rexyB:llrix yPP i PP 3a pIIIro
il
r
i
..ryx
oi
yipaiui
i
o,
gIIII
APP.
pira
oi
ir
opyrroo,
rraryropeIlMooiPoiCoialricnroi Peyi
a epopii e>ya PCP yPP yo eeo lra po
VII eii Bpxooi Par CPCP (1-7 ep 19 p.). oaaaoT
aarya. 3 ooo oy, MoaaPCP oploaaa ai
APP, 3 itlloo, popi peIral{oio PP eapaii BKaJIa
ae
eapaoiyepii,r KoIlarropog,taJlo
oi KoIIIIIoi
aioaooi
a
rio
aeeIl,
ypaie
o
ei
3a
pio pai. a e yIey pyyy
yypIr
-oo
Palapoy APP T.Koao,fi 2 cep 19a0 p.
i
Bi'
Bcya ioyaittttiP Coy i PaIrHaoaoge.

't5

opa ipr, o, Iy.r Ta,tr o ep)iaB ypi

oJloo apoy' e o)a e paxoya irepe 3aIioo 3a
ei ypaioo aoeIl' e po)(IrBs oaIlI{ aa
B eKlrx paoax paii, o propiaro plra o ypailroi
PP... y iii ai yorr i Aepoy, Iioy
ooy oiax epe:Kae ypaie allttl' Ke a oi
oBIl a aioao.yro oo.roc ir e i.li
i aee ioi PCP'ff . T.KocaIrrIIo poyaB pIi
i oi o ay yPP.
2 c,p 19 p. Bepxoa Paa CPCP pIra ao po yBoPIrIr
oaoi Paoi Coiaicoi Peyi. ota i e i
eaIroo oy opoi ilt< yPP i PP, a re aIIaaIl
epropiao-aiipi
o, i a yilr o ay ooi
ooi yi. a, e KliA, Ky, ii,
e., eep i CoI oi eapaii; pao,
P' [yoap, popioo, Coofi i
Ka' pf,o ooi APP, aJlla ora Il aoBl{a
34gc. 2 ae2646 954 oJ7
Koti pao APP _ Aai, a}r, Baeo.
I1yi' Korrfi , KpaoIt, iI i ep,
e epra]KaJlo ypaie ae, oepaJl}r paii. tlo PCP
iir aox Iai, Aepa i o oi
eapaii, pea)KIIy ay aIlll Il :ulo ypaii i
poi38. o ii Bepxooi Pa CPCP i 7 p t0 p.
ai PCP yo opllo epieuy Aepy oai, o x
ioio yiI o, Aepl a Iai oi.
B .py'l 19 p. Aepaa oa ya eelroa laiy.
Bae opoy it PCP i PP lpao ae p i.
Ha ooi ioolrx peTaa ypAtB pai i Moaii
apiai Bepoa Pa Coy PCP 4 coaa 19 p. pa a
.. aoJre
opolly i: io Pao CCIriaiTlrHo
Peyio i oao Pao CoiaiIlIlo Pyio''.
3iro opo il yPP i rcP B poxo i p.py
popii ooo oiy i: aeeIl ya Maaa i
Kpa, plroy .aa BxoIlo o ay rcP, a .Kpa - o
ay PCP; ai y liap}|Ky aeex yi (MP) i
Kra 3ax<iea (PCP); oi, oa Kruy axiy, ix<
Ilaee yll:l 3eea (yPP) i Mee:a (PP) o aeJelroo
yIIy apa (PP)' i i aeell ytlKa aia i
Kox, otloo oy i yae, _ pyoo, aJtIaIoai y

76

ytITaIi
ai y?P, a epria- ai PP, ai i: aoeeI{
olroa (PP) i eriri (yPP)' oi i: aelllllr{llytlart
ooi i Koya (MPP) i Ceyp (yPP)' ai o opolly
ooo iy o p.icp i i o ei icpa o o,tI)o
oPoIIy Bioi oaci, o ool|y K'oo paoy ooi PCP; ai o opolry 'too pAoy I\,rPP' epeyBtll
p.BiIaa,i apy lraoeIrooyl|y H: Cooa (1'
arri a.eiy Krr i or (yPP) i o optoy oo x<
Ka'oo f,olry IIay aeroo yry oeiia (yPP)'
ai o opoliy Poo paoy PP o aeIloo ylry
Bai (PP) a ii y py aeJreooyy Koi
.(yPP),
ylraKpi (PCP) i o (PCP) o
a.iil aeeIII{
IIaeJreyi o4 Ceea (yPP), ypu (PP)' Ti,
o (yPP) i Koaa(PP), i o a.elrxyi Kpy,
Caiaa,Cea (PCP); ai o ollllIlroyopoyPooi
flyoaoo paoi PP o lraoeellx yi Heeo (yPP) i
o lraeJleooylry Ho aoa (PCP)' i o aeIlooylry
1pa (yPP)' ai o oJrIoyopoypopioooopaoy
o aeelroo ytly Hoo.oapia (yPP)' a i B llapIt,ty
IraeJleooylty a i Hoo- (yPP) i o opoy Tpaooo paoy o llaexyi oe, Co'o-Cepiai
pe(yPP)' ai o opoyToroo paoyo aeJrelroo
Aoo, a aox( aeeiy Hooylry tia, aIIIa
ia, Kylypl, Tpyyoo i
Ceaira,
Iao-yia,
Kpae,
Io-oaia ai PCP; ai o opolly Tpaoooi
Cooeoopaoi PCP o p.ip i o ei [ipa o
aeellooyTyaaa(PP), alri a aeey a-Ktuo
(yPP), ai a Kaa (MPP) i ai a aeeyK Cyy;
ai allpy aeellxyi Ceaiai Boopia(PCP);
a.iix<aeeIIyaIrKoa (PP) i oapia(PCP) i
B IraIpKyaogeooyl|y Cype (PP) i ai o pi.l aa o
aeooytly Kapiop (PP)' ai o aeIlooylrKy epia
(aa) (yPP)' i ai o IIaeHxyi l, Kypy:a'
Caiiai Koa(yPP), i o opotryAepaoooiy o
y opoi Aepaoo,eeoo i Kyoo oii; ai
Ao.IIaexyi Tapai, TaaKoa (PP) i o aeeoo
yKTy Kye (yPP), i i io iyv opoolaioo
oiy o KopolryPeioi oi; i aeei yttKt' Kya.Boa
(a-Ay), ryi, Iiioi flypye(PCP) o p.py.
yoIrIropoiix PCP i PCP o
yai o.rrroo
71

J'./oaIri oy yo reso Bo.orrpiIrfipolr, aIry

ary ooeIoo a Byauro paf,oi Aepaoi
o6aci, e, af,, rfi i aI|y oioo
noi pieroi oaci.
Ilaeefi earrorr iii oIIy ix ?rC? i rcP, a ao'(
a eai o Mooi PCP opeIrx fioi Aepaoi i
epieoi oae,aexrpe]J|ol{lalral}flr,
ivr p
pi poeeoi ypaIr oox pyi poo, ix 3aoopoyl'ti rrp i a pxa"o.'epropia,'rroo po]KyaII.3aepxea yao}t i 4 oa 1940 p. ii oploy il
paio i oie opyaa ooi
"aa"o.o "p*y*""'
api ioo poeelllr ypai i oaarr.
iao, o p
ei
aJrolt{y
toi PCP PP, PoBeexpi
1940 p., o)a oill iaa iie ix eioo p.
OyI|tI'a oaIraa eorpaivi api iooo poioo
opa .C.epa, oyioai r y |9? p.
I Pa A. opaorerao
AGP. - Krarte,1974.- .98.
j t pat,.l, o.20,r.1821,ap'7.
J

a <.
4 a xe, ap.8.
5 T , o.6' rrp.48,
ry.24.
o Ha.rao .roo
y't - Krrre, l94. - ..
j to pafta .l, o.6, rp.48,ap.42.43.
o ore orrco
CP ore Korrryrrceo pr o,ulI.r:
. C. ol. pJIo. - rrre 19s4. - .45.
9 }Ia.rro o.ro
ly C. q(. rdaaJlo. - r.re l%4. - .33.
IIAO pair' .l' o. 20, rp.182l, a.l.
:"
T* :lel o.6, rrp.l46, ap.54.
]]
'. Ta <,ap.56.
13 re. "'ll<' o. 20' rrp.l82l' ap.3.
]]
l) ar :, ap. 9.
l a xe, ap. 17.
]] "" , .1, o. 6, .54, ap'266.
lE Ta r<e.
19 arr e,a,.?7.
T a:e. 2l Ta e' p.l954'
ap.87.
.. PtuDa A. ooe
oao APP. - .rll.
Ao irr, .l' o.6, rrp.54, ap'2ffi'
:zc
rllABo L1
.l, o 2, p.l574, a.4.

78

llo irr, .l' orr 2, rrp.l574,ap.4.

26 III i Bceyirroo l{ellro Brrqra.ro Koiery VIII aI{II,
8-12 :ogr |9x4 p. _ Xp, L925.- .16-164.
n Pl,,,aA. oGeoreoard APP. - .lr1.
28 UAO il .1, o. 20, rp.l82l, a.32.
29 Ta;e.
30 lvlABo i1 .l, orr 2, rp.l8l5, a''2o.
3l T xe'
.2, o. 3, .255,a,.9'12.
32 Ta x
ap.4l.
.l, o. 2, rry.1815,
3 Bi.i Byt i XTBK. -|26.- 12 rrorrg.
a P ru,aaA. o6oar Iofi APP. - . 1l r.
5 rp:a apxi Poifioi<Depaii,
.752' o.11'rrp.20l'ap'58-59.
36 ea crIl Bpxrroo Coa P. l-7 asya 1940 .: Copa'
oe.- .' 1940'_ c'42-43.
1 Kp'to ,{. o1CCP - yrpelIo oeo oyao oae
P. - K' 1968._ .87.
3t o<ottoP (l9s-l!5l). _ ., 196r. - .1.
39 Bioogi BpxorroiPr CPCP. - 1940.- lf45 (108)._ 13 r.

$ 4. ea ropolI 3 oe
y otIi a roI|i por
By pooi apii popi Cxioi oi 17 epe 1939 p.
a ei ai oox opi. 3io yoBar,tepoo
poooy o paIro.iooooopy po py)Ky i opo'
yKaelroo28 e 1939p., xiIril pyh( CPC a i pai
y eyy i pi.r 3yr a al. 3axia paia ya ea o ay PP. oaoi BpxooiPa PCP i 15 oaa
o'af. 3a parepie
1939p. e a }laa,
poe xiloyillx ee.,Ipa oo i altra iri ypaiKoo llapoy. A e i aya,o oi aa
aio aeoi tooi orr .Caia i A.iepa. AoKaoia paI|ooypy oopioia ic aay
iepa a CPCP.
30 I94| p. ooi yo ialroyoy i: CPCP Ta ypo
oi, a eaaa ioe Iloax io a
oo}{oy y ii po ipioi Hi. yoa ipaa
yllo' Koy &}IIaJIo'
o..yp CPCP aepaIrKo.Iriei
p.
popiallx
i y oi a ai, o
1939
ooBo
ooop
parr y'. e yo pioaIlaptloloopoo
mo, o i eo a Hieoto oi alo yt pyi
79

i ii epopii' i oa oep}Jla a P po. oa o

po e B eci yo e yo o' aJIe oxa opi oiaa
oy ooi axioypaii ,rioiopy(eIl.
[e po o oi Ilolr{alroii oi.loi o y
arri po ayi oo.paIII{opo, o oa
poo iei i. o eirr| w aoa a oy,
o orla a oeplry{o opolri, i iyarro ep 199p.
o epy yp CPCP ico m opo' o yt i
o33'ra axio,i i a 3xio,i iyfi TCP a PCP.

Cooo ypaix e!{.It yeIl oIl oJIoBIl Ito

le 3a avy, afiil eooio poBlry io i paTI{Ito lre ToIpKJIBoi. 3yreA i i o io
Irea y oaKo epio if, yaeIIIr aoi eaeoi
yoIi 3 Po oi, p yp oora i i eplx
epo a Tepy o ai oo ayoo ooparroo opolly a iy pai. IIto pa ll a
o w ooi, Cai iIo a ocpeIl oyi i,
pIi-r, pir ipa 3 IlIlI{ ltloai (y. Coi
epioa:e irr o }p n tUrI o ap
p'. BopoyIr ,ly otlx iri
23 Iooo
1943 p., i ollll BtioBIlI{)e oi o a xi opo
fiyi oi, TAPC i ix ioy ..a iopvi
paa ypaioo i iopyoo apoi y o'ea oix
altioax oPxax'. B apy:rrii epIe 'o IIoa
IIa op Kepa" , iao, yi, o..oa e
o)r peeya a ypaii i iopyi i" a o.lti pavi
oJIa o llo y e arl BIlIl yi y
ri'.
TAPC aox lreorraIrrraK a e' 'ry
o oi eipa yp IIe iopa:a o opy oo (Ntoo lrapoy, o
paIr },p ye Iyarr opoyi 3 irIt| oi
a i. 3a Ix yrro 26 irr |943 p. paK w
poip Iloai io oJlIllr,t ealr ypof.
.[ t1o yo opal{o IripA i. o P y
IlyBaeII y oy' o i iro poxlrx ef, ipaB yIll|o
iae i iya a aeeiIt{I{
o.
x oiuepi y Ki.
Ha:e paIr i o ep)aIroo pyex<y CPCP oy
aopo poey oo-paIroo opolly. 3 i |944 p.
aIl epooi apii epey opolr oe, iy o
17 e |939 p7. B i ai 5 i |9p.otlo( o

80

t
!

t;
I
a

yp e p Bepo ajlB' o i a lIy I{Ie B opoal(

t92| p. ai.iloii l1 i o e]K e }rIrIpo Boi xioiopyi ei e Kaoo
a po e' o axiloyii
aI|o PP. B o xe a yp CPCP epe yiro BaB p:lBil
..axii opo oi, oi lra axii i ii ei Hili.
tr}aaJlo ai, - oIri y Ii lxo rtltt o
oi ioix oJtttx le' pai x Hieolo' e
oo lro o'eaE & of, po y oi ep)roi,
a oepr a opif, x o alrioo op'8. II{
po yp C.oaa il oyIltllt{, yo aeo, o
..ea o
w, iipA i oo apoy' BI{B
IlIIlt'alrotl pyx<i oyi Pa Coo'9. o e
y yi o irr a peii Kooi Haooi
..3ay ypy CPCP i oi 23 i. B ifi oa aao:
y BpyBaTIr oo.ypaio-iopyKlr opot| lIIo
yolr oe, Kpoa Pa }lapoo i iei ooo apoy
pa, o'eo ipy i ay, o ioi aJI itt
ooBy pit poe opo[ri ix aiaeIt| aa'r0.
Bioi oKoo eipaoo ypy ya aa i
ryaii iipo opolrx paB Brroaii A.Ieo. H
Jr a agifii p)IIIt A.Iea a oo ipoii i
a oTyIr i oormr a ii Kepoa o yp IIoByIIoBop
y oi apaii, o ..i... l| o)e ria ooopot|ix pie i
ooax ai, o aJIIr i, ao }|o)y a i a propii
oi Pei...''l l. Cpoa .epi i .PyelIa Bcy
oepeIra i ooa Pa rarri po opoIr e aJIa yiy.
20 i t9aa p. .pri i A.I ypi 'p.ii
C.oao, oo ypooya iip aopotlx paB
.Pop. oI| yi ui,i ypii' oo .Pa,
.pvi apoollyB o oi i xi i iii
Kepoa p iex epopi a: o oe. pa pe'
epeollya olD( ep,.o oo rraa lrr Ie iep
oi, a yi o'eIralrx I$12. 3 co 'ya oiy oy
oPy pai 3aoy a poey o yp apil ioiy
oy ypy Blopragii' a ?5 i _ eopalry ypy CA.
ioix oa yp pooyBaJllr C.oay iIya i
ipi epropiai a CPCP IxoI eop. mA e a
paHA yp opa a Bopri i CA. Baa
B Boy oai . pvi oy opy a poey opoi
oe, a yoI{ oo ioBJItlII oyi o i6 1 -2 4

8l

paIr ypo, Cai iltp, o ooxy a r1

Kp'a Pa Co galr{e a li oyII oa.
Bi aa, to o,ttf, yp oiio aIl oi eaplii, o
aIIoJIra P Irprr ooopolr| ii opoy oa yl.
iea,.a ooto e ii Kepoa B xe a Cai e p aaB
i tloIl'
aoy Pe}r'y a:a oep:at,

..raoo irroi Iropir' y Ciig pyii Kiepo. e

ooJrr[l ei iiaoi peii, ox Cai, oyK
saf,J i i$ro y ai iii Kepoa Poo Coy,
'p
y
ltoy ) oai ya olteaoa i
e.
il
Bpaa
y no,'""*o"y eiparoyypil3. 3aa aa.oilloa
y,," n.p"a"" i erry CIIIA .Pyey.
T e paIr ypo paB pa]KIIIra axi
elri .epli i A.le oy ypi
aprepi.6 tooo
'94ap.
a .Pa. {.pi poIr
C.Moaf,Ito' T.Poe
3orra ii Kepoa, a aox(
i
C.oaf,rr1a
oaa3
Pa
yI{ ypooo aiey apaIiapx ii. Bi
ao) itpe, o 3'3y 3 eoyic Ba ep.
eaBopel o.ri ypy a ai KPH popaIrxeeerri,
o a:.r iila. B o xe .ra pr-'ep a}laa
oilt{ olr{aIrIrpoal{ e oytl oTaooo poplrBy
.oyi
i: pa,a oIl ypo. 3 i eo i
aaacpeoapaIryp, o irro C.oa oll
Il, o pKaii yxe e ioiaay pee,aJIeoI{oK

? e oIr lra o epni, o oo ay i opao

Bi
ailra
oai
B
oey
o
3g)3pe yt.x 3ee.
20 tooo .pi pooii aui o a BI{oypa}r.
oo ypy plrIra Keiep. a oo oBa e oioe
yo x yapo. o ( a i ltt,o eIIIro
yp, o prr e o)JIe'o eIrflpIraIr o oi
.lda,o.lla' Cieii, Cxioi pyii a axi i iii' o e i
yp 3lratle
Kipy i alro: ii crIr prii' y oJI
ooo'Iro
oifi
atifir
B
iry
CIrfu'rftlils.

BpyJlIoBaIpaIt(}oID( illoll "oi Pye.

Ae poa oepIltlx i e aJIa oiyax yai.
Cm r a.xaJllf aypi oIra oIi.
16 tgoo 1944 p. i a .repoi ypii C.Moa, T.Poep a
.Pa epea.Itrr.p.li oi, i e pa nBv|J||,
o ii Kepoa e o) yrr xiI'{ opotlo oi. .epvi'
e ,r'.n a i oo po, a i a,'o ix oa16.

82

aJro popayI|rroo 'qla.22 wroro i a ooopeIl aii Trroi ott

aai pa i :
,.p' oo eoci io Ir aBB oi apalri
oo yoi popooi iii. xJtBaJrIra(oe Bia oe
1920 p. Aia o rraIa i y a i iii
Kepoa, a oa ao aaJI pirrr ey...
o)y e Ba' o pii lo rrai aeIr xix
opoi e Bxo }rexd poyI|oo o aoci. apIa Ci
i ooopIoalr i r i iill iroo IroKy, o oa
otla oep)<a oeai' K ga ioi a i a xoi a paxyo
HiI'{e''17.
Popaya po lioyoi oi y o <e a
arro .eplir Ee ay oivy py. oa a
o ooi opo, i aa iy pi o}lo.
oci oyi a ypisi Tpai oo poi piru ix
ipx popia.llx a.
po e a opyell .epi 19 oro |944 p. ay
oi apolioy oipoi opolr P B.oooy oo
Kap.Kpp. i lraoolyBao' o pao-oi o
yy ioei p yoi, o pie IlIl po paKoo opo ye iaee o ria i i poi
oii.
.ep.li ao)i( aepiaB, o ioBa p oo
yoBl! }!o)I(eKIryr i a i apai oylE. o,arol{y
oipI aIlrIl i:r<oliaii ga oi IuA. i ra
ypie C.MoaAa .Pyeo' y .repi |944 p. Baroi,
ocaif, aBB piy ooo yPy, o BlDa epopiai
oy eio, pio i oy oB'ai opye ypy. o o po Kpo i oite r.oyi
Pa Coo, .Py oi ooco pIr oy, o
plrx Caia aJrTIl a oe i a aoi pooIra
B m ) ac .e oio ooo p'a,
fipooftr.
o Ao}'y ioa yKa Caia po e, o poIpri a xi oy
ar o op, BaIl e. o vepy C.Moa BIloB
po oi aipoi ooi oyaii a axoi, Toy o e
Bopa,lo opii ep ieo eIi. i a oi
ypii Pe3lnte CA apooyaB ooy pe' p y Bo
(epello opaiarii oooi ypi.ri i Cailg. By
oiy, i Bplryo pIioo pia| ae K i ie Cai
yil i ooi It{o- ue oiuie 3a opoi o iii
Kpoa i i tloKolr.tyypi.

oii, o iya a i, a ao] yperi oi oi,

a3aJl Caiy ori opyrropaoi oii. 2| tltl
l9a4 p. Kpaoa Paa }IpooBaplraao ioilro oo epeaa a e pirrl{Booo apie CPCP a poooa
po T Apii ooi a oi apii CPCP erre Bio
oe,aZZ Irr ei yo o aiec oooKoi.
y HauioaJltloo Boe, poootyaBe .
aoBIlIr{
opalro roaoi BJI.Cooo xi' opo[IiB Ioy
aii :utaJro,
o KPI{ i ofi e IIKHB IIIII,o
oe yn BpeyBaioio
opo
oi
x
pIry:oi ei - oi, ypaii,iopyi i oi _
pI|Irpaii' iyii i JIro.
ipo ioy i K, Ca.lri ooE a ypiv
C.ofiolr{'aJIeplr oy [l'o pae oaif,'3BepIIy
o IIKHB y fi pi.Cprurryai' o oJrtlxoix
oax poprlacoTpaopoaa 3ai ipyl KPH i KB,
Ci oia,o oeiparrY|w' alre oy
y ai po opotl.Bi i a i eTooi i
Booap.
27 nIl |944 p. i: paIrypolr{i IIKB ya iaa
yoa po po-oIropolr. IIK oi oo.ltryBa
II a oI|oByopoll
a i poorii. tri ei 3ataa(,
ii Kepoa. P Co oo:ya ea.riepmpiai oyt' a orf fioi 3:rio yry, p.Cooli
a a iei Kpo,aal(o,( a iy iyii epaay
Ha,
ioeoiyi a ii Hepi- fuloa JIIeH
irr, ioexi i .oa o oi.
Ca )r rraa'ra,o opo a iy io pote o
p.a, xiireaeJlelrooyry o, ai iiIeet,
a axi i Pa-Pyoio p.Cooi, i,o p.Cooii i 3axitoy
yy ai a }Iepi i oy. oo ao) tlaaJl KopoII
oi a iy rrr i iopyii, a ao; eprrmpii, i oi
y iilt o PaooCoy a a,xol.
a lra pyax a oIrilop K yoa, Cai ooB
a ypiv i C.oao. pe i ie ri op'oi
opore iI.rorr.Ae eiBarraoooBai oae
yiIepoyIlll paKx i o propii oi }ryIr
eipa wp, irmr o oiro.B eolryi i 29 ptl
..}1axb .}le)Kax
L944 p. i ooyeTae o6i opyIo:
ooi ep oKoo
ox opoi oi zUrIIl

84

.t

yryplloo xll i p.'IalIrri oxilli elrooi.roy

xgri. ocaoe Ilo.eII
opaI|ooopolly a ooi
Irx pHrriye poee oyiu eo ioio
eoKparrpltal.r'D.
[Ira xioo oy oi ao aqre}| oalr i i
a epeoopii: o.Ilortri
KPI{ [IKI{ i oooeioo
ypy' ro iy pyi eai )i(o oi. .epy aB,
o K}I i IIKI{B pA ii Kpoa.
Hor yp yepe) a xinil opo aaxy yr<e i a eoopi C.Moaf,a i Cai. Cai e pal ip,o
ii Kpol{a oIroo pya opotty i CPCP
oe. aaaa C.oau, yii palr
ia a,I poyio, o a po aerli o iii opoy
piIo
oaoo.
ipaa Pa Co i Beopai, a aa
aocpBaio CPCP.
3a x yo' a Kpi oi IIIA i Ai ipa
CPCP y aioo opoy o. Bai x paotlll yx, o ol oplr oeii a aoi.
PiI Kpoi oeii B ooByyaeoo 16 ep
1945 p. Moi ooopy ix CPCP a oo yio po
paIro.orr
p)rIr opolr.
3a I ooopo,opolrix ooapafuaaoBJIBaB
B3oB)
iii Kpoa icya i i y eIrx'pafioai ' o B(rcI,t
ioepi a op oi. Kpi oo Pa C ea
oi ooepri o P.3axiAy i p.Cooi a ir
i Kpoa- ixe i iii Kepo a 30 . y i yPP,
a ao,K aIIy iooi y iyo i iii Kepoa a
17 . y i PCP23'
Bae opol|y ypJyaJloIIaIIIIeire ae. II|e 9 e |944 p. ix Ppaioi PCP a IIKB
yo ilao yoy eyaui ypafui oi i oi
PCP (aoi.ri yo y yaei 9 p |944 p. P i 22
epIr )24.Hea:a jl ox opi po e' o aa
ayaui oHaiya oio' avo ) BopaIl
ai yo, i oyaypaii i oi o epee.3a epio
1945 o 1950 pp. oy rl{oolr 5 : ypaii a
rraiilux allioaoge,
a CPCP - l,5 . oi#S.
oe opolry poo]i(y:Uro.
15 oo 195l p. Moi
yo yaeo .ooip ir CPCP i o oi ia
85

ep)aIrxeprropi. Pa Co epea oi popii

aJr|o[oro 480 2.
ii opoy a irri' oto oyll CPCP poxoai o
oaoi Ir8 pso.oJlor.tyolli a pi Cr, po
a 3'9 (o ifi) a ii xi i giq pi Booa B
Ca i p.Iroa 05 I{ a iei ppla'Ieoo yry Xypa.
, alri a irri, a oi y ii.lo-xioypy' oI{aIoIl
paIlo-oooopol|y oi a 3,8 u a xi i epB
Eaoa,rllooylry roo i a 6J a ii axi i epB
ea oyrIl.

}Ia oi P

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ary, po'

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Kooi, Keo i oae.
Ha ii, o ixoa o CPCP opo poIoB i o
poaloaoi a paIi(.ooy poi, o g 22 a
iA xi i epB aBe:r i a59 a iiA xi
i ep ea Koplre, ai iio.iio xioy tlpy o
mIl'. a 3lraxo}r 3922 a axi. i airoi cIrii y
i a 4 a ii xi i e aeeoo ylrTy Bx'
mi o oll' o pTaIoalra a 3,3 a ii axi i aii
e i ai a iio.ii xi, oa o pa.tloocoo ep)asoo opolly a pi.li axiA y o.t, a axorf n 62 t a ieA xi i ep aeeoo yHy
Kpy i a 49 }| a axi i epB .a ox. Ha oi CPCP
aIaJIIl: ai Pa.Pya - Kpoo' a ao)K y'
Kuy, Tyry, rerr, Bexx, $/, Bax, py' eo.
y oi &,ltaJl - Tapot, Kop, opy, !,y,
yve, oy26.
Hxa a e' o o epopii i polr eIIltIt{
ir poIoyox iii Kpolla' e x itr .o e oic
palroyB :i ioo poqe paiui. oa ea pai
aJIEIa oa, Clrra, irI, eia _ e elturo
oa 700 . ypaiui.
I Bpnr B. Itltltl<tE ltr. T|a olroma-Pr66er
I{ eo oeB
ear. C. oyerr. - Kllr' 1991. - .8.
2 Bi.i. _ 1939. - 16 rgorra.
3 pa - 1941. 3l r.
4 g.
- |94, - 2 .
5 T xe.
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olotIllt otrI B.ro oi"eerro
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86

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Polski. - Warszawa. 1987. - S.58.
ll a - |944' 17 ap.
12
olerI IaPa,I o lloIl ooo-oJlItx oIror. - .vI. -

.39.

l3 era eae Coa rrcpo CCCP rrpt{elro}rCA

peep-}nrPar
Beroprr
o pBero orroottl
194|.|945.- .' 1957.- T.I. - .196-198.
|a EuzebiuszRacqskt lff sojuznizymtndpie - Wrszwa,1965- s.2o.2l.
l5 err a Corea rrpo CCCP peIr1o}r
CA
pep.lorcPa}firBerropralt
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t7
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c.57.
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19 oyrrrr rreprrJI
o oPIl Ooo.IIoJIrD(
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c.l12-11 4 .
20 E.Basiiski.
szard Nzarwjz.Sojuszko-radzieki a zhodniagraniaPolski.
_ Wrszw'1987.- s.62.
2l T xe. - C.7-68.
22 Sprawa
lska w zsi Drugiej wojny fwiatowej na arimizynarodowj 'Zbi6r.
dokymenw.- Wrszwa,1965- s.579.
ts oyr'ler aePJIIo oPIl oo-oxool. _ T.vI. _
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24 .ra e._ C.2|9,
op<eylourooopoorr orrIfr'loeriCCCP
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26 .ae. - C.156.157.

$ 5. Bxoxel ly o ay
ilt
i iHH poatIloi ir yp PCPP piIoTaoIlo
aJIlII 3a oo Kp. Axe op Io ioai ypy CPP
oi, Kp ipi a 3ao ax<epaie 3a.
eltli. ao ii a opoopoo oy. Kpi oo,

87

epepaoBy io BIriB .epi, Kp y ..'

iu''' pi. Aoo ix pyax, Poi aaa iei
py)Ki pai. A y I' o irric a"III|IlKpty y
poi? 3 o 1897 p. y Tpiif, yepii, o oi xo i
Kp, erao 42,2o p1rl, |3% pIt{xD'ap, 3,8o i,2'8o
ap, 5'4o ii a pai ilx ail. orxe, op}r
aooi aioao-eplrTopiao oIrao eaxaoi
'lioa.oi py yiu opoi paio It aJIo ioo y.
o oy Bope aI{ opaivx aiaui. paii,
poi i iopyi o' o aioay pyy i a3o ..1i''. B oi allioai py
y 'ai aox<aTp i yp
a i i ai. Cag Bpaxe' o o:( ialo oi
a peiio oIlao ilo a oro oJlll oHoBy i
ellx aioa{ py. e t ai peyTaT: Bcoo Kpy
yo oao 729 . IvtelIl.3 x 5|'5% caall pi i
ypaiui, 25'9o _ pi aTap, 6'8% - ery|5'9% - ii a ii _
ipe, oap, o' #. Ta IlHoI lII o operr
epopiaoi aooii y ip. 18 oBII |92| p. ooa
Paapoy PP B.ei a ooa BK M.Kaii ia
oTilIIoBy po yoPe Kpoi ACPP. p Po oooi
oii oTao aalr iyo ooapa iBopoa,
pyoaoo io. B x ylrloax oo ipo i ao ee a
i'ea i pai, opyeIr 3 eooix 'i i
eopiai oooo )Kll a Poi.
B Ifepaoy p)GBIIoy apxii BIIlx opai a pai
epia ia oyIIT -..ooia aa'' Koiii o iipaBrr.eooioy paoyBIr Kpy, y Boa i |923 p.
rrapBao r{BK Kpoi APP i ioio oi aoo yp
ia p piIeIrBplryr o i poogo i
l0 ooe ,{iooo i eieoo oii. i :tt apyeIIT
aoT pi eooi? o-eprue,' o i oi paire o
o ay Tapioi ypii' i oy oo yo i pyr Kpy.
B 'roy oa a oii aop popIo alli. Hoxe
yo ep x(epeo ieoo .x<y:..Koyae ooapCBo
Kpy, uto ipy o tlatl aIIyBIreTpy, _
,caotlll, - x Br Baae iptttl aexoy ai
yioo i pyyIlr ooapB, e oopIr x(e po iyoy
pylroalroo' Il o:t(e popaxoByaTlr a ipy i y oi, a oi pv, i oy eceoo aee, ao.
pori Koo afirroaa, i oy tl }.toxrl yya i

88

oi ao , ioo ey, tA i ipy

iyi ep i a' ge' e:e x ep)rBlro
eoxii''3.
pliye 10 ypaix oii }p Kpy lt{:lilo)t( a
ei ir i Pyptt. A:e, oIIepKaJl aop ooioi
..ai p oi
opi iooo ypi paKlrx yi
eei aeJle Kpy Blla ei oi y iori
poBy o apii o ioy ptIrael...'a. Birroa rr i
oi, a yKy ei oiii, }toa pc o aJlya opaJl.
oo otloioo i yrypoo po}ly Kpoi APP.
Pao , o Io tllto ia pai yp aiaii rro poey' aop ooioi epKya (e ao p
y )KoI{x ax ax), o pooe iii opoy ir
Kpo i paio ye pIl oe eooix 'i i
oa Ioxte aBrr y opx(ya ite iopx oapi
iopas.
3 oy irroo ypy i ierr opai a i poorii ypy
Kpoi aroooi yi oep)rJll{pio eay oiy. Taa
o pl{a oy, o I{BK Coy PCP aBt(B ogaI{ a
r} p i opo ix paio i Kp aru
i.
Ci a, o ay o alryIrKp ACPP a oi
aryo :UIo Il ipia i iex aiiqparrlix oIrI{y
ri Poifioi <Depaii.A i oo, 10 |944p.,(ep:a
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pafio, iaa y-a eoxii pa y pl{y epxai6.
30 up |945 p. yao peii Bepooi Pa Kpa ACPP ya
eBopa a Kpy oa7.
Bia aa ]i(Irl poyarrIr{ aee iopo.
Baio epoi a opai iic ea oTlda o
780 . ooi, ioi pitl |926_27 i. Kpy io r
342 pina eix ilpe#. iyo eooi Kpa
oac e JIa oy poopt(i i aepiax, i x
ypi. [I]o oeIIi}t It{opaiy yai, o Kpy iro
apall epee pai a PCP. ee Kp
iyao eia eTai, oalo epr |944p. i ax o 1978
p. B 1953 p. Kyoi, Boeoi, Paoi, Cyoi a epiii
oag peI{ ai ii oo. i ia, o a oao
19a5 p' a iopi yo eeo tloa |,I l,lc.iA, a 1950 o 1954
po e 57 c. ooi9. e ei y}to ) i pri, oyxa

89

1946 p, i xafi |947 p. plre o oor o ep.er aoo

aJIIa Kp. Ha ix ie pI{Ita,IIIox' e e e oo i a
Kpe eopaiy ryai. x i aepiarrx peypi
aaJlo. 3a x ylt{o re oaJla irrei eooi Kpy
eooiy ill aaa oxolicr ooJIaT iyi pyoi. I a
poe aTo iya.
Oi Kp e apapIr ioo i eivIrIr ppo
ylr{oalr{'o B poBy ioo ooapa Bee3y po
iipaao potllyBaIr epoo. ..poy'' pooIia
yio Ciooo
i Ca-KpI}roo ooxoBl{.
,e a poy i o.taet yiuo oooi ooi apii
Kpy _ iio-Kpt.lKoo alla'Iy' x< oalr ipa.
floya pooi iopoa io o'y paio.
KoIuypy iopy oia a oJIoBIIoaaIlKo
poIr ..Aoai''. aaKe pyoylli aeeyo
op y aavex to aoi..Kpopixa'' i ..aopix<a''.
pai Kp o,p:yBBpoy pyBIr, i ply vepy xi.
olre, epIi ooi porr eol|oia iopoa aJIa e ire
,UIx i pai. B o :e a PCPP e oa pi oaoi
ya iyoi oi Kpoi oacri. ia ai' 1950 p.
pooi Kpy oa r 8|o oBoIIoo p10. B e rra
IIoBy I.Iy e oll paBa ipa vopoi eaypii.
aipyoi i xiioi oi, Ir B&Ilo oi iya
:lo i ap eoi i xapvooi polt{I.roBoi.
o oox aJry
poIrooi aoe B:UIoa:l 1
Bry eooi PoyIli

ry rtpo

3rriopy
plra a.rypi
ea rpollrroi
oy.li.
pa)KIIa

relfua
ly

apvo rrpor.r.roi
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pa
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l945 p.

100
100

100
100
100

9,'7
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11

63
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100
l00
100
100

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0
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83
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78

He oo oy oHlroo pi i ie oopo. B
1950 p. oii olt KaaJIIrIe 881 900 eap, o a o
i - 987 400 12. Bxrai pox i exi yTyp io
3poJelr i
aeaa i oo.iax ylo' Ir{o)t(oTe
II9 xiix op. y 1950 p. B eprIr}.ryBaJIo i e
o 3,9 epa eapa. He y iolei or i xiIl y.
ypaIr. Tpo tloxr IIe oo ooIloo p. I arroBe
pooB)KyJIo oiptuya. Poyi, o yp PPP e It{oi
IIa eoxioi olloo eerr oai poBoo T.llly}
aee i iei opalr BJIa eai ait Ta BI,IBJ]B
a:a IIpo pra o i, aa B oy oti oir loBe a iopoi. Ilo' IIe BplIIe iopii
parioo aoozlBTIlTaIIpo y Kpy yo pye
IIe B olt{y oioy opai apii, a a g oBI{ a ieoy
pii.
i oaoo BBe Pa iipi PPP ia HoBy
po oiIri eai Kpoi oaci o ay i. 3 ir
pooi Boa plrya o pltii Bepxooi Pa PCP. o
epy oa yia B 3o i Bepxoi Pa paioi PCP i oepraa prroByo. i 0o alr p0 epay
Kpoi oai paii yo poyo a ioy aii
peii Bepooi Pa CPP a yva paBIrKi Kpi
oaoi a Cagi itoi Pa eyai pyx. pi
ogaoi aaaJro:..Bpaxoy iic eooi, epopiay
i i ii ooapi a yypi ' it Kpo
a i pai PCP, a ao) py o yBaIr oy pii
Bepxooi Pa paii yi, i Brpxooi Pa PP<DC
BBiuKa a oie epea Kpy a o a,y ioi
Paoi Coiaigoi Pyi'1 3. IIoaoB:l apaa
o Bepxoi CPCP.
13 oo 1954 p. I{TaIIII..po oarr ii Bepxooi Pa
PPP o a ea.li Kpoi oai o ay paioi
PCP'' yo poyo a airi ii Bepxoi Pa PCP. B
pi oaoi ipe(rc' o ..i Bepxooi Pa
paioi PCP oIo epey oKy ii Bpxooi Pa
Poioi Poi (Deepaoi Coiicvoi Peyi a e
BeKoylII aopoIr aT pao ioo ay. pa.
i lrapo 3 oy oo oBoe i aoi vi
ypi pie IIpo epeay Kpy o ay paioi PCP,
oBe pae e eexoo oip' i pi toi poioo

91

Iray' oe BieIrIrlipyIoiai Py)6r irr poi i

ypai llapoa''. i Bepxooi P i al(o) oaoBa:..poIifuo BepxooiPa CoroyPCP epetKp ny
o i ay Poioi Patoi epaoi Coairoi
Pyi o Kay paioi Paoi Coiaioi P.
}i6''la. aoaal(ox ya apaeao peii Bpxooi
Pa CPCP. peii Bepxox .P oox peyi tl ii
ioiloi o crr 15{ Ko.ryrriiPCP a l6a Koryii PPP.
19 .ooo|95ap. oi yo .lllo3iIlIIii Bepxoroi
P CPCP 3a ya peTaIriyi aiaIrxopi: oi
peiBepxoxPa PPCP M.Tapaoa PCP - [.Ko,
epe i BepxoxPa I.iai B.Iea'ayioi
Pa iicpi ioioB.aoaa .vyx' a ao: i Kpi
orgi ePraTyIrIrtr.'IoIroo}|yKoi our . i,
ooBa Bollo}ly Ciepooi ioi Pa H.KaKoB, ooBa
olrKo},ty
Ceaoooiipa C.Cott.Ci 3ilHI,l,
o a oy aialri.Xpyoa e yo.. epI BTytlBoa
ii Bepxooi paIr PPP M.Tapao.opyoy pe
peie pie po epeayiopoa,i epla ip,
o Kp ..eolt pl{porpooBe
ixei i.
ooia Kpoi oai io o'aa eooiopaioi
yi. eopaivllxa eooixipyaepeaKpoi
oaci.oaypaipaioi yi oiai ioia
aaJlIlie Paoi,op:a3g''l5.
Ba iyi a.ii,
.ao :laB'o :l oai oopii ypi '
i- paio i Kpo e ire iri. 3arrarroaoy .
ii Bepxooi Pa PPP, ii ooa poIri Bepxooi Pa
CPCP aepepeavyioa paii. oi-ioii ooa
..o y ypaiii Bepxooi PCP fl.KopoveoaeBB,
Koo apoy ye piea a)r(liayaa aIoy pooi
apoIrooopc:lKpy-i iaepiaooopoyy
pyKpoi aci'' 16.i ao) oIrao
pyix oaooii BepxoiPa picoi PCP i 13 oo 1954p.
ix Bya i a ooo a 3ay oo
ii BepxooiPa CPCP .Paroa eIIii o.Kyyie,
o.IIIepa ii ao)t(ipaePayKpoioaci pii.
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. " Pa oor o .Xpfio , :l:rrao,ra 1 tII ea

K()' o i a o ro < irorue' o I{I oopeoe.

92

I.{K

Ha ipy oo pilI| JroB i oo ii Bepxooi P

CPCP K.Bopoto.
e:e i Bepxoroi Par CPCP oIIoTaf,Eo aBpa
yPP".
a.. epey Kpoi i i ay PPP y K
..Bpaxoy ii eooi,
B oy aoolllyao:
prropiay i i ii ooapi i yypi ' ixt
Kpo a i io [tP, i Bepxooi Pa Coy
..]prrr ie
Pax Coiaix Peyi oaoll:
oIIIr Ipii Bepxooi a PRDCP a ii Bpxooi paa PCP
po epeavy Kpoi oi i ay Poioi Paoi
epaoi Coiaioi Peyi a paioi Paoi
Coia.ioi Pyi''l7.
26 i 1954 p. Bepxoo Pao PP i eaIloo
.. evy Kpoi
ooo llo a y a ao
PP". Bi }rB yoo a
o6aci i ay PP(rcP B a oi
yK: l. 3ep a ii Bepxooi par PP i 19 too
1954 y po epray Kpoi oai i ay PP B a
paioi Poi Coiaioi Py ttl. 2. B ioii
i ai 22 i 2 Koyuii PP". olse, ao, o B aoy
Blray y o opai i oxii o. eaa iy
e i a ooio 3oo' u|e a igiia oi Poii
<Deeprii. Kpi oo )t(oItllx ee oyei tla aKI,r
po apyo ao 300-pi.lu Bo' aH pai Poi. He
ia i pie i y i ooio. To oy x< y'
a Poi ia a aA ? o:lllll e rrar<tieloi
al ae iopoa lre alo lloBlloo yB,Ie xi
ypili pIrll. o ol' tIIo poJly i, a aI o,
Bepy o a po T, o )I( ;Ia oo oia Kpy
epriooi 50-x i.
B B)Ke .BaaJIIr,o a i .x i eooia iooa
i e ra a oi pye:i. Ha oao 50-x i aoB
oipro. oax l{rpaoo p)aBoo apiy pol'Kx
o'err pai epia oia po a oao-eooiIioo
pBIrKy Kpy, o ya i,ooea ii 1954 p. oiloo
epIoo eKpap I{K Koapii pai o.Kpv. B ioy
oloai oii o opio 19 p. 3IIIIra 70 .
eapi. ii, opio Il ) epioo, r oi
eix Kyryp. I 304 ooi e 3 oi oi a opoi
ioi. He o oryr oot|oo pi xraoi aax
yyp' ix rpa' totly, ooi, oi. B 1953 p. ipa Ie

93

o 47 e|epi llypooo ypa eapa. o 19 p. a.

epIloyaaJIIr55 uelrepi oi eapa i op- l9,,
o 1953p. ioio20 i 12 eepi.3eopio 19 p.
i o y.IpIrBi.B arx ooal( xyoa ypyBJIa
pos ea.a yirei.i p}i aii re
ga 36'5o,a lari- a 43o,3 3516 pai ili
ya
ioaa.}i aaoafi)i<1l00 opi. H oii
pieepiiooap.3 304 oi ooi l43 e aJti
eoi oirr.B 1953p. y ipai a i epox.3a ao
Ira pyelr e 27oix o e aJteiy. pr pa

ooi. 3a e :l.e a yo oyogo745 . K.pi xTa.

3a y aiai arr ooiy iopoai ayi
epio:
1976-1980pp. - 5.346..
pp. - .314..
1981-1985
198.1990pp. - 7.00l u..

apoi. Baio aoo alreay ioo ooapa )l(

oBotloo ya oaa pyotl. Popayo oBoa' apolle,
opa a pyoi pIrB oi. Poo ooi ayi
ooapTBa' apapi peo o oo, o lr<c oai a l i
195a p. aB o.oi a yy . 60 . apoi.
H oaa ai i oi. Biaa ea a xapoBa
aJIy3,ya e oa oir iei ot.
B aoy ai HaxoIrai oxoa opo'. 3a op p
o Bxo)KeIrKpy y a pai y yo ro i t o
iy iap a i ii aeieaii. B iap opo
c"a&ooaa a i. xe a 120 598 . p.,
o y ii a yio' peoll' aoypi a pi:
yaKyBaIr ex i, otl oep)r(alrIII 2,5 . p.
B ire yo pavee a .aoypi aiei orrx pii.
[Ia ie 1953 p. oaci io e 34 xi-yotlLlaaIll,l,
18 'x, 8 oov, 2 a, 2 y,5 rex poi, 5 yoapiai, l0 yopi, 28 ox, 15 foopx, 6 x.
axe ooa i a^rrilra .a aai. oo TopoBN{
elrpa y aap, o lti pao epais. Haeei ai
epoIrBO ia, o PPP a i e Ir{oa[Ia lrapoIroy
oapTBy ia eoxii ooi i aepiaoi ip,
oo ooIly popyxy. Ha oi ltoo pyio a iiiaa
a iipi PPCP po epay paii iopoa, i
yoo pe xopi ooii aoi Poii.
oepr a ycorelr pa, pia aoo oaTy Baa
ai or y yoy i ie oo eKolroioo oea.
Be pyi ooi 50-x pp. aiai l(,tltl eoiv
Kptoi ai aIi 2|,1'5 . . y ei eyaai
183 ip ipvopyoi, xiioi, epe.toi' oi i xapi

[ opitIl' B epiIioaci 3a o )r a olltl KaJI

ioio1065.' lnI .. i 1.844.0 ioy :
ay Bxo)KeKpy y a pai i o 1990 p. oo eooiy
pocalr
yo eo30.75. aoalri2l.IIe pn'o lllI,rt(oy
i,e
1a,
o)oooo i iooo,apCKoo
poyy aee ia. B eyali ya BeaxllToa
oo 4.512*lc.t'?.2 Kii iapx i
oa aIII{
iIa 104 l9a0 p. o 313 1990p.2
3a e :e epio ooia ipoa e iie iepa
ypaiy i aa ir ae:t(mi ocaalr IlpoIlo'po.
I'rJIoBoPoyo a poyKaxpyBatr pai. pra e
aJlopa.
,,tioo
e oyBao poeIl ayIIrIrx,
ooapBilee.3apa a ioi poy 390 . eapi.
e opiroopo20% nrwtloi oi ioyi.Ae a
Bpoye oal, 50oaooi ioooapoi pyii2a.I e
pa]ryoKo ipa,o oya a icpiBo iio-Kpoy
aaJly.B 1988p. iopioep)aBo y 2.675 .y..pa a
potyIlxi Booex opoy Blipoye765 . pa,
372 c. ooi, 562 :c.i i pyi' 218 . Bopayod5.
B epaxyy a ioi oepxyaao allayBoaoy o
3 p. oapiopio.
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Bolraoep)ye pai. 3i llaxox(ei ooi yii.
paia oiaoo op Kply gaeiaparypi, crpoi,
eIrooy i, eyax' aoax eo aix,
oaT-KaTil,yKpi a aao B oly iloy.po u i iior paoi i pyooi a pl{lt{oo:ey. B
pyoya 7,2 p..26
1992poi oaepIryaa
CoirreoiaIltloi,o atloito apaa
iopoi, i oa ..PyaooIlx(Kpa'', o oo
xi i Kayi e oaTyBo a o ooioy

94

95

olto

IIe aJI. t a Tpe]-I{y o yt.l aeei i ai

ppaT
TaIroBIri- pplri. ool ix ryel, Ir Kp Ir{o)I(e
KIr.
Ire
Tplly
ef,'
a pa'(yo iyarrx i ooposx
ioy,
ipcpypa
iypii
Ca eooil rry1i, a
oi p Kp eI.Ir,t.Itioexypi. ai
iaeogi ioex ieopi Kp aae oII oarrix i
e itx ioi pai.
o:r, o Kp i i eopierryr aPoi, afu ili pai
CH,[, oepx<yto i eepooii i eoxily pooy ui'
o ipoa o a eTpoeepi i aai yy illo 'ey
ipi aepoBo paio.
l ipaypa paia. - l99l. _ 5 pyl.
2 op o'prrKprooagofiapro oparral{.
- C"rpoo,
1982.- .98.
3 o pai,
.1, o.2' rrp.l063,p.ll .
4 Ta <e,ap.1.2.
5 a:, ap.13.
Iioari irora paii. 3arralri ioii.- K., l99l. _ c,34,
7 Iopi i i i paioi PCP' Kpraoag'-K.' |9.74.- .70.
8 ipypapaia.- l99l. - |2 rpl.

9 a e.
I0 aporo xoo Kpofi f.li'' Ca. opr. _ Cpoo, 1957.
-.26.
ll oep o opIl Kpa. - Crpo.ll, |967. - .Iv. - .126.
12 oeprr o op Kpra.- opoo"rr, |96"7.- .Iv. - .134.
13 Pra paia. - |954'_ 27 rooo.
la oa< rooPro CCP. 198-|979. _ K., 19s0. - T.l. - C.4l ; .ra
ia. - L954' - 27 rooo.
15 Ta xe.
16 opI*r olio rro P. l938-r9?9. - K., 1980._ T.I. _ .4l.
17 opl*"r aoB Il yao ryr.la Beporoo Coa P. l9s.l975^ _
.' 1975._ .I. _ .l04-l05.
1E tUAo pair,
.I, o.30, p.3590' ap.82.|32.'
20 apor oIloapo oi
PCP 1990 Po. Ca' opivr<. _ K",
1991. - .409.
2l iorro a: Hare oIloapo ioi
PCP' Ioit&fr a.
pir<. - K'' |9,l,| ' - C'257; Hapole oIloao paioi PCP y 1990
Po. Ca. opi.<.- K.' 1991. - '409.
22 ^'t",,( ,(epaIr:C'306 i .l34.
2 a.ll ) pr.' '426 i ,206.
24 oo pair. - |992. - 2l r.
25 Ta xt. 30 paIr.
2 P.ra aia. - |992. - 30 pa.

96

$ 6. qIIlr

3aa

oo olr{e y aai pmpii yoi pai 3aIr{a

3aapa. i poy Ao-ooi
iepii apar, ao
Kapaa Py, e IIaJI epoPii, oo y ai
pu. oa o aiolraoi aoiooi , KIoxo yi
apo}r ei otoi araoaioaoi iepii, He IIyB i pyi
(aoaa ieoo aoxolloo aeItll ). 28 )oBlI 1918 p.
apai pyIII{y ptl.ri ..Co oex apoiB e''
(Copoey i)' y BxoIrIltl*o,t ex' o'a, o'
xopT, e a irui apo, i a o a e Jl i eprr<aoi.
ea rrii aanroplrIre P:l a aoBItaeIIIl.
oa pe poao-.lTBllx i KpIo i-0 aioi oi
y o( oo oIoi ep:aoi oi a. BepIe iltl
po.ep)Gi aapa yo Iieo a po i:apooi
oeii pyi.eipalli Aepao PyIro Hapo
Po. Koeri poo poory |2 tlcoal9l8 p. y .Cpeoi
(IIIA). B ii poi BIryac 1089 eai, i
IrTyaJI a)e
L?c. aapai. Ix oo oi a Ilolvt:a pIraIr
o exooIltl - 6,1o,o pai -28%' o Poii - Lo,o op
- |o,g oy aoiic - 6iIo|. }Ia ooi yiai ooyBIr
,.ypopyiB''
oi po xoxe
a eepqi ooi o
exooa yo :lo lra Irpy opei. apxi. Py
a 3apai, ep x ao) e yo ogi oo otoi oi,
opi aaoo pae lt i al op, .ll eo ity
oy opy. Ta, iivaa yopa llpea, air paai
eJtee pay plrIraIr o Poii, a il oioi _ o eoi
pai2. Pyx a Bo'oa paio a iIoo poaxy.
T irrre, o poooruea 1 goa 1918 p. y oi aioypaia Haa Peyia eapyaJla Bolr<e .o ii ay e
i alt, a yo i 3aap.
3a.ly po y lioao-BBoolr{yyi iip ai p,
i oa pBaT Boe 1918 p. y epeaxi irogi aeeIlx
yi aapa. 8 o/t 1918 p. toa Hapo Paa
(Cxia Cova) r|pv|t|aoalroy po tlpalr
o'pai. Ii
piIe ipaa ili p 3apa. }Iail Bpao

oa ya pyoBalra y ai plioi Pa. B i oo.

IyBaJIo' o . py lrap, A o ox opoHa Kapa o
\ya i oa {D IIo y, ortc Kio paio
p:. Kia Py o:l B IiEIrfi e pyy pa'a" " aa
.]

4-z4

9'l

T yKo' oIie yx(e aip' pyx opooB o aB

llli
K"r,,,. }Ia ypaiKa 3 aIIeT o i i r''616, fl
oroi
eoi
aoi
a
3axoi

apa alry Iri epIrlro

pl..3.
i
Haaa I{ylt poax aioalrroo pyxy pyi
p
)K
oa
opr
ypoi
otly io 3aapa,
coi
B
pa.
Ir
llpoyopx
ipy
a
iD(oiB, oaIrx
1918 p. :o ya oa.?at yoIrx pyi'', Ka Ea oy
popay
oopi pa pie po lloii oplr a
pty
Kooa
oTpa
pay
y
ii
.
poBIrKy aapa
aoHoIIpoK
yp
oa
yoprr
pieIi'

roo
ni'pn"*y
Kpai-.lt Aoo ooe 10 py 1918 .
'o.o"i..yoi
'i peai pa. H rr a

yri
KaJI
agi
paro iia a' aa oo yvai e<BoBa3a
pIIa pa o pi. oa iri ooi yo xaeo
eopay po a,IlIIe y i opu. Ha ipy x :lB
(apaer op)
2| rpai 1918 p. Beyoa }Iaioaa Paa
..Ha o N9l0 p
ypo Kapoi
Tepa ao,o'o"a"n
pooaoipyi, i :a opi''. Ha Aoo ooi
p'*"'"""ypyyooo..PyApaeCoi''i
1919 p.
oorei p o py"*o.o ey. oa, Ka 4 e
pie.
oplr
ya.rei, i a i e pa:x
Ha pay ypoBlr aaa 21 i 1919 p. yi ipt
i l75
1 Beapa 'i, Ir Koy y pygi 420 eeai
oIa
o
lroy'
II
poo
e
poa. ooe a'
pit

'i
ooi

3apa. exo iIicto

Pya
I-{epaa
oaa
ya
ao]
iio. }Ia 'ii
*,,"*,,
Haa Pa a oi xao paao, a al(ox( ai y i
*oi,p"o* oi ea.ri yxaJl yoo 'iy y Ki. oa
(Iao-paia),
elreia oa oixa i o Caaoa
a
ypo
3H
eeti HP
i:
o a BeJI epeooprr
pire
Beaapao
oIa
.
ypaix
yy ix aII
oi
oa:a,
Ie
a
ofi
op
lra
'i.y tlIn
pyi
3aapa
aioaoy

eii
ypaioioi
n"p""o.u
ItKaJIa alrBlry aui oy paBJII{xi oeKx ep)t(aB.
ii 1919 p. 3a oo Aa i IIIA oaJla oyai aapa.
3oolrri aeya xiy i ioBia exooa 3 11,a
xiIty aIIy' a oioi Pyr"ryii - xil ay apa.
a
eoa i 1919 p. oii opi lta IIa e
..Pya
ao
nn*n" popiaoi paexoi a apai. i

98

Kpaia'''

a paBa:( epai

Eollo oBltllo

yo

JIIII

y Kai

ooi Paoi Pyi. 12 i 1919 p. y alyo

poe Koyii Pyoi Kpai, a'ro elr :l pao
Korryfi PPP 4.
paa poi JIa B opui oy oaIra IIa opoK
e oaIt yiix ep)iB oo 3aapa. Bopoy
pytli.eiprri, exooai
pie KpelrTooi oii
..Bpy''
ai poJIIr
aai a xoe 3aapa o Kay
exoo. Ii yixy, pi opa aoo..aiaioo aoy''
oi epop Ipo ypoi, po i e, o air
al(a aa aet|yia, o tlo paIroaJITepIIaTBo
a rx yoB e BKeIIaapa o ay Pyyii' if,a oi r
3(oIla i epopii 3apa. 8 pa I{epaaPya
}Iaa Paa, a a:ula epea)o 3 peT:lIii pruioi,
tooi a yoi Pa, a aiai, e iyo yy
xopooi iaii, pa pirue po perra 3aapa o
exoo. ocaoo ob pa pira Bea lplra
oei'. 19 1919 p. a ii ii yo pIro pir
po Blr 3aapa (i a ..iapaa Py',) o ay
xooatlll yoo aalr oy aproiaooii. ooao
popi xioi i ieo.axit|oi alr 3aapa (pria)
BKaJrao ,yCo.
Ha oaII oo pie 16 oaa 1919 p. exooaIr
yp aep eepafi Cay po BpyilIIIIillloBl{a a
apai, aa Iltly aooi p. Ta Tay pa
iiIe y apie i ri exoooi Pyi i
|9? p. Ae a palti yp 3 aoo lloay opytuyatsllpooIelry
aolloi. Ta, i io oBplry iapai Pyi ei,
ii ii 1919 p. i io BaIi opoll b e i Coaoto.
3ia aaIrl ioi aooii yp io oIlBB ,
..py e i
o
o aoBpya''. Ti y 1938 p. i o
aioaoo pyy a oix oa, o aJIIt, yp exo.
oa yrelrAy a oy aBolloi 3apa.
Ha oay )l(oBll 1938 p. loi poaJIIreop ix
pecTaBrrKaoix api p opy aoltoIloo ypy.
Bo y yx(e apy)KeIll}t,oi aoaioa a p
yoBo pix aioaI{x pa o ioix pai.
A.i avo i yop ipy. C.e' e xo' paB ttoIt{oyolt{' A.Boor, i epB'}x(a
iri alrioici, opirry a Hiey. Ae Ile . a

99

e, l l xoII 1938 p. yo opoallo ep aoIryp

Kpaoi i, oo.A.ifi. A iie, i lioo apelrrry
:l Byaelrlry ti a optt opl, 'po a
A.Boot.
lrxea oa opa oi yo 3aapa. Boo calto
...l/o
py'' y aIt ix yii i. oll ollrc,
o o aolloa, aoi Kpaa ia ye aa
po}r ypii a. PaA Co, ao i
oa, poaeaexic 3aapa pyoi i
irar. Hieuta, a yBaJla opopia
aapnxpai ix paeio ro oifioi epxa'
apai pIraJIaapr K oIrpy apy y ioax i oi
oIllia.opa ieo a:l&IlaorPy ei,o aJIe}Jr
i paie. xei oaoaaJta,o y oTtlopitui
ii epropiai peii oo exooaIll|.A a o va i
e arroaiya oi ip. oa apy:ei y iax
i: exooaHoi opIlo aoo aapaoi pai e
aaJla.i oao pxo}|T'I|KoHie ieaipa<
.lpa
pi oi iy i ieiag xooi,
yaioi' Celoi (BopaioD oaefi a Ipla
opy, a o]K ia x i yaeo. 3aaa llola uiei epopii
ia|523 2 (|2,|%) 3 ae|73233 o. (23,88of,
Ta Ilt|o'api 1938- oaTy 1939p. Kapaapaia
oa ooi ari ryii. 3a x yo ii epi arr
..i
a ix o Iry piy opirr1i- oa aiiloi
oxopotlo ieo Peilxy''. 15 e 1939 p. a oolo p}oo
ypy pooaoy apaKe.Bi ieppoooJey
aepeoieexi Kapaoi pai. Ii eo yo
oao A.Boola.ora y.ia e iyaa'i o.Bxe i
15 a 1 e yoi if,aBoprr ii e:i i i pax
oi oyya e 3aaa.
Iya Kapaoi pai - e IIpaJl,ae aao P oy
pa}raIrepio iopii aapa, A ioo tly lra
aioay ioi aapaxpyi. Taa epai ii
iy ya oyoBelra ep a e ixapoIt|p}laIr.
Heae:aKaaa paia ya a iaaoi
.,ypaioo'eoy''
. a, oa Boe a:aBope
i oix opoi.5 i 1939 p. a ypii A.ie iip
aorrl(po .e lrpo lI'o.....Kapaaaa
o]e gffrtio eoo oi'. P' i oa, ex<e

100

aB opeIrB lly ioi aexoiioi epxa.

oo peaito Kpaoi BIry.Callia a XVIII 'ii BK().
m :e va aapa3aapa opl.Io'a o ai
oaaJ]a' ilao epeo IIa Ixy oie ieo-pa.
x io. ,o oo rr y epee iil iep pay
3ae oi . oy o orr aoo oiple
oo.yopxoyi i a I|o il.oya pylr
aapa oi. 3axoelr 3aapa oIyaoao)t( olly
aei exooa.Kpi oo' oi a plrIra 3aapa,
13 i 1939p. opua pIrIIaao ArrIrKoiepiooay.
Cae Koeo pt|ItoI!eo , o iep piI
iyr 3aapa, i oxepy oi aeIi otll{a
a aapsTaio.llii.
o oy 12 |939 p. i a
oy lra pt{a Kpoi i o yopIr.
eo epooi Apii xoi pyoi iooi i oy (rcaB
a opo elrlraII3aapa.II{eiy |942p. oIfo
aiepii oaiii a, o e ):lte 'a
Mxeoyoo7.B oepy PaCo 3 al\roooaKy
e IIaBaBii. Ta tlllo' 3apa pao lroBy oIroyo
a aoo ao exooaIlll.B po i .Cai
IreoI|:xo
aB,tpo erprlay ypitui paa po BaIr
yiy exooa yia ii epopi.e yo pieo
i ooopi y:y, BaIty ollooy a ioeeipoio,
15 y iaI2pl I9a3 p. y ofl. Ae a ooiypii
.Caia a .eera,a iya i i, a 3aapa
yo pieo iac o i i. B ioci x Cai pitu
p, cee InTaII,
aa3aapa y ai PP. 3 ilo eo i
otlo ipo ItKopT:l
aoaeilee, Ke oxoo ai
oa aapaoi poaoi i yy a epopi pa
epooi Apii. B :oi $a4 p. y oaIr opya ati
oie, i iuroci ooa oyi a iy
i. B lIIopa yuii opai BJI/lti'e oyaip:eIrep)KaBII}rx
opai exooal.26 oIt|944 p.
ya.reo y I 'i Hax Koir.ei 3aaaoi pai,
pooi o p.oya 663 aa. Ha 'ii yo po Maipo rxi 3panoipai i 5l
*, o}|ypooJlotl]yaJlo
exooaIla o'eaIIIl ).PP. Taox yo p
epelro ypy PooCoy poxIr}|oooIrpy},t
aapa o'rra Po io. 3'io ya
Hapoa Paa 3aapoi pai, ea epaIra Baa H
l0l

epopii 3aapa9. B oo oroi ao) aIlaaJro po KoIriai oix 3ee a po ix eoroBlry epeay
ee i aoeeJlIl e.IIIIa.5
|944 p. l{apoa Pa
'py," a ooi
I{a epe po iiailo paB xooaloi
p:a
a epopi 3aapal0. Ta Iro ro poe BaoJre
poi Jr a apai. Kpi ioo paelr IIet| o
o'arr' pqpe IIoo y aao oy pI{I.riti
a ypili op, 3op}{4 py aIr paoi apii e
i a ropii 3aapa, ae A yixx ep}taB( _ eooavui' opi, o.i.
xooa eipatrA yp B e yIlTtl
p Irxoy i ay yi, c i aa e po'
tlapi lltorIl 19a4 p. ya oaa o 3aapa ai a
oi .Heeo a A.ao.Heptt. oae i po
io Paxioy, Tioy, Xyolt{yt Boooy a
Ce.roroy opy&( pa ieo opy:lli xooa
aIIIoBxIly a i y IIpoIrx pa. 5 py |944 p. HP
t|8ig1. .eely eepay oo aIroa aiy eauii
..altt e:i
3aapaoi pi''. ii ipie, B o x
a yo tlllo epe po oy IroIr iir eedl. a ax
yo a oay i 1945 p. ea ypoBa eerli ya iaa.
oi x oifi pi o mo, o x(oBaK yp yre
y p pao . 5 i |945 p. y Koli IIa pllloy
aiai ypy aioaoo y, i auo io i
3aapa, 3llBlII' o ..... e alrlr ye pieo io oeBJIIIapoy 3aapaoi i...''l2.
B x yoax y oi pooa epoBop ix Pa
exooa a Poo Coy, i oi y oop iy
epopiaoi paeoi 3aapa. po ie aBe
aJrilroo epia o ypaftroi epxaoi oop o a,
o xo o Ia 'Ila 3aapa paio, i aapaa' i yi eeaii ai B rrx epeoopax Ir a. Bo
ai ia 29 epB l9a5 p. ooopy po xi
3aapaoi i i ay exoo Ta ii 'arr
pao io a pooKoy o oo13.3io opo i:rt
PP i exooaIlo aB Kopoo' o iy o 29
1938 p. i: Coo i i<apao paio. To6o y i
Coa JIrJIaaTa ypaix }'e, o o!'IIIlIl ii
i e o C.peoo ooopy.
22 croaa l9a5 p. e ooBip y paioa TaoB

r02

Haioaopa xooaoiPeyig, a 27 coaa_

ie BepxooiPa CPCP. 22 ci |946 p. y lti p.oi
pairr 'aoaa - 3aapaa epoy .:oi.
I Xtrltu. 3aapr - eI{
pirr<oiP)a:Hoa iopii 3aa
a. _ xopo l99l. - .34.
2 Io orr: opoaPyJr$D(3r<apr rrliorrrre i oiarrr
BI{oJI a 'Ill

Pa.l<olo o.

. oler.

_ x<o"

1 9 5 1 . - . l . - .9 .
eP,(a. _ .6.
. z.. Xt,lutt. 3aapa _ revlll ioi
o )Ko...- T.l. - '166-168.
[p<a,.apxi 3apaoi oaci, .19, o.3, crrp'244,ap.l4.
t. o Xulutt io. 3apa _ et'|IIypatrcoi P)a. - c.77.
oro-exoo( ooIeII pr Be.rofi oeerro oltl
|94|-1945 . - ., 1960._ .55.
8 Ta xe. - .l3.
9 epufr 'i Hapo*lx oii:
fiooii i o.roii, - xopo, |944. _
.l6.
l0 Birg< Hapoloi Pal 3aapaoi pair.
- |944. - 5 pyr.
ll Ixo )l(orr... - .Iv. - .89.9l.
|2 |4secrag' |945. - l0 ill.
13 Pa.ra faia.
- 1945. - 30 vep.
3
4
5
6
7

Bo

pooore eaJlxlroi i pae aao

ooi ypai apioi o ioIIIr yepeoi oopoi
eprtra. B ii e;ax o'aa epBaa iti iopv
ypaix ee. Iop apaoo .UIoTe, o y plr
a oyiTa oaiapa iepi, a pyaIro yllla y-i
p aioatroo ixe. ptu 1939 p. o }/PCP Cxiy
ay' 19zp. iivy yoy, B po [pyoi ioi i
3apa, oa poa e, o e o a Kopol{y iop.roy
iy aioao-eopaoi poii |9|.I-|920 pp. tli
lpaa P, i )rp ealra .Copoaoo, i flopi
paioi Haoi Peyi. 3yrei o oituix i
ypirix opoi, BoII Ta i e o o paBeBoo
piree ypaix opo. pH ooopo
Kao ixt HP a paia epoo oy y avei r
ii axii Kopolr. Hap i ix o)Ka aBTI{paet{.a
)Ka pai aI:Ulcii ypaii i Cxioi a'
3aapa a iioi yo. He,eaia poa oooi
yioi oaii ooT TBopIIIrIIa llx ex aootloo
Kopooo Kpa y i Aoo-opll. oo l{eoi Pa
ao i e' o oa ioa i BeIIIl Kpy o Kay pai.
Ipoa ypy ea .Coaoo paB ii a<ea'
:UIeor.(opii o ri y.
B ui ioi ix ypi o aioa,IIlo-B}lBotlaa
ya poa IIa-epopiai e:i pao Poi. Brrr
a e 3 yIt{oBaI
oo py o'tll{ lllxo. opi
aIl KopoIr paio, oTa tlpoe Baa po.

104

Popaxoy.r a o rpire perr PIIK PPP :rtoi

1918 p. pIrIIapi eoopl{ Po .CoKoo, a i
oo' y pyi o JI rrpIa.[opi, oIIoBa ioi ii
po ioi }Iaoi Peyi. poooIeIr ay y 3HP
a HP yo Ir tlllyo a x oifi i ao epeBa,Jlo apaB
xapaep. 3ytrrea i o eptlBllx oa rpy
oIyax oi o o, [,
i ooo o}r i ii, C.gpa, oorr IIa eI{pIroi oyKl.r ypai.
Ilx eJr. alr{Ir{
yo ao eoyBalro a y. B
]e a pi oa oi e pyi yi Boi pi. l]e
ao pii ailt e re ypaioo' ae N| oKoo
apoy, y 1939 p. o[rI{Bi-a.i i oa KaopK
p:r(I{ai.a xpotoix orr.
pea opoi aa aTyaIlo i ypy pa'oi
pai. io ypali, oI{I{Iloa a PCP a
axoi i xoi, ioi i i.i, oplr opoi aoBJIrI{ooB
paii oaiapoo pe)Ky' i epe pay o o'a
e. iv, o epia apxia opai epxraoi Jra'
ooai i xIto opio iopii pai.
pya ioa ia ea opoll BpoeI( p]rB. o PCP
yo pelae 3aapar. Pa ]r.t'o3a ea pai aJIItr
ooii ypaii i o, irru, CIn Ha x
rIIIK:tJIooa 700 . ypai. pyaa oi i poopoe
ix a aix eperrax oi i a yoioi ai ..Bia'' |941 p.
aJIa pai oo oyiIroo e).ly uii pai.
Ao iopoi paBoi aa epeaa 1954 paii
Kpy. 3ae eooi, oiao-yypoi ipy1, pie
eeIIIi ioi aee aio aI.tIlI,lIIoo
BI{ee
ix eai _ ptlx aap' a ax i lrr BaIraepi
..0 ypai',
'Xpyo yI,tI,t
ooi aci ea Kp
paii. A apa y aaai y-o ipa pKy apry ei
pii oi iopy eA aK, It{oy pI{ Iloy aBIr
ypaiy i p-aapKy pyi a iopoi, oo
o'e ooapK ri i eooi.ly ax<ii pai.
og a Cxoi
eoi ex<oi ypaioi ep)a
pIrl{oarr a iy oioi ryii B lloy ioi.
op 3 oI,iIlBIlooio o ay, ei oii i po.i

105

oa eKx yiIrix pai ByIepe i)lrapooyTule{r paBoBIr

pl,ta yfflIOTo pai ppiai peeii. Tai po a
oy epxBoop lpo e Ie ooi ex<rrifipxi,
a py i caioci a oy eo}ry olrTei. He
)oIrx epopix pei o ix yii, ia pa yya
oi oyti Il a piopax apeptlx 3aaax, r
rpya y ypirui pzloH olroo.

o A TK

ltia

Pa
pailroi I{parroi
ollrli pairra pairloIo Haprroyio...
caIrox opi pairl B ag BopT a rra Itlx
tlaIx,aaaolI pa IIaJIe(a, paiIli l-{eparli
Pai' i tttrroypaBTy- tlparIyCapioi pill.
at y i a.l'rrapilli i, olo olo acallo
a opoli pa i polorlii i tlaoi ei, a i ii Poii.
oox ooira:
fio epr.opii Haprli pairIoi Pyi ax(ai, ae.
lti irog pairtt1:Kirla, oi, Bo, eptliitla,
o.anlta,apitla, KaetloaBIla,porlrra,Tapi (e
Kpy). ogalt Bll3ttatltl
prlrlpaiuoi Hapolloi Peyi,
o o l.lpyltlrrl Kypll, orI, Bopollix, i
ylvl)l|yepe i oa, e irigl. aeltllypaille, a
y alloello oi opartioalloioi tlpoi...
p iltt<.Q mp P a.
Kui.i7 (20) umor po l9l7'
Bi etlepltoo Cepepi ry
pai9oi [Iplroi Py6i. |9|1'2 c o a a.- N 0 2 '

109

 aIIIl ooB },pafuroi

pooi elreii C..Ieyxa
po }rpoBlllepeoopl{ Poie
t oay pox oopi Poif,o
fieeaie Illl
yi, pai ilo, p ix i a ooax ee
i i
ai p ix apix ttllx' opi p pai
i i
oII xo yTao, oo. Aai
i a lraIrrry o, a,
o Poia eei eo ylrae yaoBelr ix Poio a
paio oix e, e ie gepxy r...
...oi Poia ei, a yeox<e
py,
aB oo o.lr<ioIl yo1l, plrle o
oKa3
aH :i.
paia eeai aBr,a'o OIrpBoIr oi.ly
e21.ya
cai eopaivoo piy opaa' x aa
eprai,
eooi, eopavi i ei yo, i oo
o|(aa y
oy i B}aJIa,B ti ix ii oxa op:lBTIr.Poia,(eeai
i
oix piii oa, i e,. e aa' a yTI{a
epai
aa pBoy a pailoi.flelii i oy
poolroaoo
e..ey''. T ao Coi yp oa o
popotro}ry
paioi opx aiapi, a Ba vepooi apii
*yee, i,
ppo)y, tllxo?,leppopy :l Ilaa ooytlll
a Poi i
a Coioo P. Heyxx rl, popia'
a]a o
p:lJq ayBaIr opo. B i oaI{IrB p}'y
l50 ypaii
il Te' o Bo 3a po Bor ata y p paii,
apru
yIex poopi ire ' Coi
p pa ix oy
yoroDey Paooy i e eoBopa
po :tti oo Il Il
otiB o yi oIlp 3 }{'
o i a popi, i
po,BIrH Pa*o oIre iey
oi ep:a"n *"'n
It{oo. Ha pei, ooIlBttl pai"."*o'
"e
,eeai
opaii piioi, Poi flei oaJra
Ta o exy'
aJle-x ay' a o o py. Ta, apa'
Boa poolryBaa
y ep)(aBy ex(y' o e opiy o Poii ai 5 oiii Boi.
i ox ypeo, auri Boa poolryaJra
}'ey' a, o
epi o i co -50 epax, i xup*l" _
24 ax i o
epiIltl IIoB}tIIo
y oili o Poii 4 oi, u
y*iaii
aTIlIl Kyp a Bpoi:r< i ai a 'u*o*
api""
,a
KapoB. p ax exax iy
paioi .[px<a
ao H},to.

ll0

Poia eeai i e xoa6. Ta,-elrepaJl o

ipo I{,o a exa opiIla oxoy po pai, a
Pao IioB i i, o e opio olloioo
oeoe pai oito, o oa y a are ae]i(o o ei. 3
i poi oK epeoopi I{ o y)i( p xri i e ox(eo
'ixa. .( eIr pB eopaIro exo ya oipaa
ia Koii, aJIl )l( o a ii ai eKer pr o o'
o a 9 i ollt{ oo iaIr po e poooa i a'
o l}to)i(yooInT oy a e' o aJIa oa o
aIIa'
oi oia fleeai ay o:ti}!py, o)ra all
e o oo. pia eeai, ii Iteaaoo piy opao o oo, pootty o llott Tay e)y: o .oo
o opooa, ai yrypoa - Baoo _ apav - Kpy *
Aai - Kaaa - Ko (a oy) _ aia _ Ceaia
(a Kai) - ioaJlea _ Kaia _ flap - Poo
a ,(oy, a ai a i.e 10 pax o x.. o .Kolooi i o i
o ea. Poifia.eei i poei oylrra a axi pixlr
i a|25.|50-200 e o ioi eopaoi exi i axoa
io oi arroyo e It 20.000 .BepT
ypaio ig. Ce :o a opi.a o pai aeoyoi oi i caypvi ao' o lpyy Kaepoa i
pia aio i eoiv opai pai. Co xy
i i oa ee a: Boa _ c.Too - ai o e:i KyKoo oiy o Hxi Cep, oi o p.Aopy o apoiKa _ Hoo.Aop - Kaoi xop (i axya) - oypi
apa - . oaa, oi o p. Kaiyy o apiyo. Ta
aBa]KIl,o T:l Ba Ta opy e oi 30
y aoi Kaepooi y. - e iue poy ytpaix
IIop'(Kx ai. Koo 30 i y aa Poi yp, o
oa xi paa )K a i Bltzl poe oere IIoBoo
aoy, py e opy o o" e )rra x aoo.
poee opoy o ypaioy poeTy oTa P'ii |5o
o yi t 30o lpLiy, o.o pa Te, o opio o :l
paio, o ]K o e)e,o ix 3oge p,J|Pocii 25o i i 50o
apaiy. C xta pyy ioo Ky oo ypaix
eTayp ip I t{B, i ooi pyIra i oo
poioo. e aoi .olt pooi, iya a
paii epiopii a yll<eaa e, ai i paea
py aJIa i a i ei [ipa.
lll

Poi i e pa i aaoi io y, KopyIi e.

o ii apauiry. a yo o i, a }!y y i i
i, o Poi ar yxe aao oo oo otla, K.o iy, opy,
ei i Boo y ooo.Pai paioi. a: pi y'
ioo loo oBa lie a. poe opotly o poioy
poeoi apa o pai a)e e oIlo. paia co>sae75o
iei o o a itri, a poeKo:la Pio eeaiflo
e)Ka oae paii oo o 25o o y i i ooo xya
apaly' o o e:i, m fr ocaao io 40% y oo.
3aii ll]x pai alotlopl{&rro70ow,ei optt orieoo
y ix i oIi Poii, a eo' Ky poeKrye Poia
.eai, oaJlo i 25o. Cu Poi 1e e:i
opiyao o Poii y 65o i goc Iipi. pai' a Ilroo
oa lte }lae' aoy pi ya eooio ).. B i
aJlypIra poIroic ao oa y gaTI{' ao yia
aarra Poii. 3aii Ulx, pi :lBoIl' oopooI|' eep'
i apvi .peBa' i e a Bpaii' o x<e yIII}r
o, yio pyyaI.t,.ltly, ao aa Poii.
Poi o i ypaii aei yi e yaa i axe e
oia oo. Ko Poii ott o BIIKaa oa ypii
yi, .loo e },to(ey, io Poi ie 3a poy}ry eoaai oix o y, opi, iy, a i, o a e IIaoK
paita eea IlpoolryBaa Poii aTIl oo.opo ooip i y, aJI x Poia eeri i o lie lle
i laae oo, a oa paiy o)Jlt{otl poBaIr i illy
eaJlexto o Poii. Ha i pa:l e e)Ko, i t, a i
[la.
Myty aBaxaI{' o 3 3iIrIIpoKTy Poioi aii Poii
oio aa pioi Ilo' o paia aro epa :
3 oo oy, a pao , e ai yBopB py
aioallx aooi.
Heoxi o aJl paii eraii Poio
oetltll aipo aIl poop i yaoeIl e, o .
a ooo x<e.'ix<a
ay' o paiy o)rra y oyr
i iop otoy Bay...
IIAO '
.26Ul'o.2,p.2,p.22-25.

TaoogroBfiao po ep)Kay

aoitti paiKx ee
yIoi Apo'opKoi Moapxii'
yxBaJIeI{paiKo }Irioao Pao
a ialr} l3 ao"al9l8
Ap y I.Haa
,[epx<aa,IlpoooIeaa iai paa aooaelrapo,i
Pao y oi 19 )KoBI|l9l8 poy'
paio'Hllioao
oaa e ip ytuoi apo.yopoi oapxii, a
epBKI|oPai, a {lyaxio.ia }Ill Pey.ia.

'l

Il.i
Ap
poip 3io-paioi Hai Pyi oplra
ypaio yio opai oac e)K(yIoiapoyooi oapxii - o ypaioagHoyIxpix
opox pai a Boopiei yoa paiK}I
a ytxyopK[rxToIr(oiai):Cur,Iapl,
e,
, e, oa i apopul'- K Boaoaella vopaiiapi
apioiopxii Kapa aa epia., tnographisheKrte dr
ostrreihishenonhie,ntworfenvon Karl Frihe Czemig' herausggabn
von der K.K.Direktion der administrtivenStistik. - Wien, 1855,Bsb
1:8400.
A p y I. flepxaa yi
o pxaa epopi op aoiy 3axio-paiy
Ha Peyiy...
ottti . aa p. l9l8-1920. - c.4546'

iea.lt

I
i
I

fiopii paiKoi llapotloi Peyin

Iepaioi HapooiPeyiflopi ooiaap
paipo ey o iopii ei roiypaioi.
3-o i 1919 poy .Caaoipaia HaioaaPaa
i ix ypan
3axioi paioi Haoi Peyi,K BI{pa
* pia 6apa epia oalro opI,ii y or..l<oifipalrplii.

tt2

8 +z

113

ytoiA.opoi iepii i aix aooavvK,

op)eceIropoooayy xioi ioi Haoi Pe.
yi HarutipKo
HapooPyio- ooy,
yBrpIIypol Peyiy.
Bio eI,ro
Paictoeiopv axirrpailirrtx'
y yy p.
!,peopipaioi HapoiPeyiyxI{a
i aaerri
oaoiaxioi paioi
i ilra ylvtoBzlx'
HpooiPyii 3-o i 1919poy.
i opiaiola i olroi ag
o i Eo-eIro3,t!lloT
eoi pai - 3aio.paia apo Peyia (aa,
yoa;oa Py) i HipaBea paia.
iioiipii, xt i a i ypapllti g11
pi.
o i eIrae:eapaiaHapoPyia.
o i po pai,Boeoyi opo oi
Jlax Il' lvta oy o'a

pyx<i yI,lIt{ ix oi

yyepoiy,a},toiy
.(pxay paiy a ao i ac
ooii pyoooy.
22 citt1919po' .Kuoi

oo .(opii:
BooduupButueta
e:
Ctlllo mpa
ac AttDpirttil
AttDpif, Mat<peo
Dip III

HoPa- l9l9' ll (24)i.- Is 16.

ae ooBa
lerre KpIa pron fiep:ao
l). Kp oee po Ira paax aolloIloopa o
eIroBepxoroJlao Ceoc a aa.
2).k oIre
B pee(Kpa Kpoo
paofiep<a
Kpa paxpa oytooaoBlpaaI{.
Ir{eyaporrx
3). Be paa x(yaporre
oopoB oatue, ypaeeAp oo pae)aay eay
paoy paeBy,pe Ap Kpa ppyea
114

plreeppopliaJlo}.r
l{poeBplrea B peeax
Kpa.
4). Kp Kpaf, e o Kpaeo paeo Kpaeoe
IraIro opaIre,a aK)Kellpao eroo aooaa'
B peea
oeeI{Kpaeo para.
5). Be aoe ee 3ao, ooe Kpae IrapoII
ope oyalo Iry o yBeplrex o eao lreopeHo. x yep:aeT a3aeeBx o)lloIlIx I{
Kpeoo e.
). B oac apoooore'petloIlo'rraoa.

Ilo' TopoBJI po}ltlleo' 3ee oeKoo xogB,

.Ir
KpA Kpa e BoIIe aooe
llo
papogpa WTc o {loll pao [px<a.
7). Be y ooe. a }IKeelt<eex po, a aKlt<
I,looBaeergrBeIlx Kpa pae)i(I{ eeo e
Kpaoo e.
8). Kpaeoe paeo lr&llraae a e pe Irao a
I{ee ooxooo aaae Koo poa l'ee opI
oBo.
9). opyx e Cy.xeri eTell Bag
(o B e Kpaeo pe. B Cpe ypex.
ae ooa Kpa Cy flaaa, Bepxoo aaoHo
aJIIroIroae g pa ep:a Cea.
10). Keoe paeo o ooe <e.
1l). aox<eIla paIrIIa epa Taoxrea gea Bwc
oe o Be paoil. B Kpo Kpae yaaItae oa
o aJlla' oyape r, or oerie .Io
lra oaIle op, oe paofi paa opoBoo a,
ora yaa xeIll opo, o eepaa
|2).Ha Kp Kpa ppopltTc e Eex palIrx
yooIlx .lolloB pa, pe lz.gr Il Il ilolloB Bt.
ae Ir{eTIlyJloBIl}|' poo olloTeo lpe epe
Kpaeoe lraporo Copae yBep'ta lreopeo eao.
l3). Be Illle opoe opI llaxo reIr paoo
paea, oTopoe ee Be paxol o x oep:alr.
l4). Keoe reo Ir{eepaBo opee oypeHoo
a eo oo eeIIIl axo e opoe eK
aoypaIrIr.
l5). BeIr Kpaeoo paea lraxo B Bopol
tlpooo Pa Bopo opilrI,,lt{
Tpya.
t
1 l5

16). B e Kpaoo pea oTo B oyapIle

}ryecBa Kpa KIIIre yeIirx I| pl{a)Kal
ottl, .oa. pae oel yla pll.
yKpIrlre, a
oerr yeByey pae ea a
ylcBo prrae}Qe oTeIr eoBl oyire B eee
oex(alx o pao !,ep:a.
l7). paa .epaa e a e Be pxo o op)alrIo
Ap oa, BolIIlx Ir KoepeK1rxopoB' ).eIIxopo' ol
Ir eepaa I{ Bex ype)elr, oopIe ea ol, a r [lIo.
eIlo eIlIr{KpaeBI otlpoaIt.
l8). p pBax oparx e, Boo o
yp),Ioooe oe o Kp ea.
l9). p o oelrro)o a ae oo oo Ca.
Cepeap o KpIKIt{ a ogg.TyIr epeapato.
Ceperap yaBye pBo ooa B aeax Coca o
Bopoa aplBa lrepe Kpoo Kpa.
}o Ca-Cap trraagT o Ccoc ao calro
a prx arraToB,pealx ey Kp Kpae
paeo.
iIABo pai,
o.1'p.l7,ap.90.
.1064'

p.
30.V.1918

.,aoil{iaoi Hieoi
,(pxa, flioy TaoyParoi
paeppy-py yy o.pueey
Apo.opoo
Koi o peTaBIrI,tKa
ypy paa opav

epopii' aIoI{a yi, o ri, B x ypaia ic Il a

aooi itoi, npearo iil. e e o oy
ipy e aaelro yo i oly, i at| Kypoi,
Beoi ryepi, oaci Bia,(ooo' IIi apar...Ta
oi BaHoBeIr opoa epy i aaIlx pl{a'
otle ao)i( i , o oi ia Peyia a
i epa ara Poii. T ao i Kp, o i
pIIa oio o i, il y ex eprllo oIt
Poii i aI( Ilo aop III iay yi, o 'y Kpo,
paei i eooi poo i, ia epx
e y. Hi :r, Ko oaoIlo .UIa ia a Ix oo
oioi IIeaJte,Io, 'o Kpo, o eepaoi otli
iyroi Bepoioi (Deepaii, o:e yip o, i y
eep, o ypii ia' a oooo pyx<l{ooIIa io
ia axo Kp oi p' oJlo a po prraIl
Kpy o pioi [ep.
p oy, oIl a pii aoI{aeH,IIe pytuya i
Hae, ai yir pi:i iiIl B I{ Kpa, ypai yp a)i(a' o pea Kpy oxe iy|1c a aBotlotll{
igaax, ioio o oo poeK a p' a -ai
aoi ito aee Kpa, lllotl a yai ipe oi og i ii ali 'K pai J/poI'{,
e a }taIloo yiy,
o o aee Kpy o:re y BoBa i a yKy
paio.
T ie pei e-i .KoIryoo Kopyo i.
ex i, o pya Kpy, y o Kp, i ai
Tapi e ae)Kao ioi.Ilep;a
Baxa a poi paIr,p pai xa oyi
i pai, o aoi :laex a i ioix i...

. iie Cpa aopo

B rei'
aeo eT oBiol{Tlrpo T, o yp paioi fip:a BBa
oe pi, o Kp iopi yo vIro o ay
paioi [epa.
Kp io B'a eoolr{o,oio i eopaivo :rr i
IIagIIIIpai. paia flepx<aa Boo oy io lie oe
ItopaJllropo3IrTe y Kpo. pa,a,Ko pooleo
yo III iea paioi Hapooi Peyi, a yo llaeo,
o o paioi !'ep:a ae}(Il i iia Tapu Kpy.
Ae epr a iepa aIrai ooi aIl paioi

116

!.fioporo
llop,{eapay
uil
IIABO pi,
316, o.l, p.l86,ap.30.

It1

ae ote pyxeBee epxaI, IIpIraBa :DrIr{

o3o)rlo lpoe ppalrlIllle aToo oot| oo
eoeo,
B oopo axo oKa a tl lre pepr:r
otx ooBopoB, elox opee ooaee ooIIe
pa ol, oe o Boe pIrall pa oKoo paBeTBa IIpy a yoBx' peyI{opelx ooopo

oue m 28 1919 ., K opaIIIrI$rlrJtKaeo ypaBelr

eppop e Poo epI{' axoIt{I{a aae o
e oIaelo.
o o, r pIrIla y Poe Apo-Bepe
paeT p.yy, tl o ylrTa' e oa epeae aIrpaBIroA palre )iy .rroBl{ 3a, ItIt o
etl ya; o lra ep, a }rrpaIrrallpaIrIIa eT o
ya' e oa opaye op yo, I{eo 9 a eepom o ea, o K oesp.BoToy o ytl ee p
, e pyo oee epoeKaeelro opo, pooe
a a eep peIlo B yx Koeax aay o CyQa'
r yaoo a pplroplrv| J|||Hr'oarlta a oIe peBlr Bpoe, Co, eay Boy epeeKaa
xeeIroopo)Ktry apa a - -oK B o epeIr oee o Boo-Ba Ke. oa a p
o oK epCee tlloe Ha Hay tt(eeoopo)Kofi
e aoa _ Co ee yaoeo tllltl a
eppopIr Bo yoyo Be oA opoIr; oa lra epooo o yKa, :lxoo 4 oepa a eep o o, e
p.Cov ae peo, poeKaloe ep oT opo; [e]
g yalro;rIrov|I|I4t|v|
a eppl{op; oTa _ BH3o eIrlr
Co, a ae epx o elr o, {me Bpx o Ttl
p.xo pelo o 1,5 lra II o ao; oa
eBep, a Brpo-aa o IIyKTa )KeeIroopolr<ttoo po _
Kyu, (oeo peo 500 a ep-BooK o
pJrIIIrKa e yaoBJleo H a eppop;
oa lra eepo-aa o yIIa, axoeo o ee ool,
eo 2,5 a o.3aa oT e Bae Hea. [3]
e yalroB,Ierro rtrr aeppoplr; oa BIl o eII
oo, a aTe I{3o eeI{ Heaa, Te Bep o eIr
eo oKo p.op, poeoe Bapl; oa IIa allaoo-a o ylra o eue epo r (ap) Cy;
[e] eg ytltloJlelro lra eppTopIr,ya Bo
plroKa eo pa; oa BBepxo eeII epo a o o,
axoe peo 2,5 a oo o 3e, oTa lra
eBepo IIyIraoe p - Koo' I{a(oeo peo
2 K o-Booy o epo; [e] ee yaoeo
rn[d,|a eppl{op; oTIoa eepo-aay o tll{oo )l(lloo ylrKa
eBptIoA apao pat Cyooo opya, p.
.IlIIoB Kol{eTpe K po-:ray 0 y.

ll8

fiooopr)<yeaofiop

.KypoBlt{
pP.rrpo
or
.ae
(24 a 1919., Bapaa)
ptla Bo Bt|alie oo)l(e' oaIIIea Il o.
IIo' ypox(aylo otloBlllll,|pltlra ee aotlroo yeoBIlti' ypaKo paBI.reJIoopauae ooy oyp.y
poo oKaa oo [r op)Ky ypaolt,'y apoy e o
aIroI{aJIHoo
oooxe.
...pao paeBooIr|pe a oea
3lltl o IIplBTeBoooop' ooIrrlra yI{x
otloBlix IIpIIax.
l). pao paTo' Ii yy e HaToee Bpe
peIa yy Booo a, ae' o oo
paol\,tottI
otrlBe o ex Bo paB a y oac.
2). BI,'y Beooo BI|t|Hv|oo yyp B aaIix a
BotI, palla ooprx o eee oaae pyo p.Cp,
oI{ ox(r e :l eoea a lpeeI pa
ooo oyapBa.
3). orua IIptIa oaeo IIpaT paa par a
IIlBttI{o p yo opaoalr ypaoo p:lBTBa'
palroo o pleo.
.[oyerru aJIl o optl
ogrco-o,l rtol'efi. .Il. - .' |964. - .24.25.

oeaAr
flapauBepxoI{oo

o BPe}Itltx oorrx PIlax ot

(8 eap1919., apx)

tlu g yTaoBJII|Iro
lia eppllToplr poxo o
paeIro '|t|v|v!Ivlx oep )y epa )Kapa
peo 2 Ivta oo o x oep' apaBJIca a o
ylra paIloo)l(tllloo a oepe oo.a, pI{eIlo 2
eepy r )Keap, epeea oepo o eo eepo-illlaIioo ea
palr
oTaBJIy a oe. o K eepy aIr.tpa
m Cya o yIrKTa e oa opKaa re palre e)<y
Poe Booo pye".
paa, oopI ora oa pe,I.rT
lra pplrTop'
aoy 3aay oT ya3ao tlu, oIro ooBopIr.
Cocaeo ape 8 eap 1919 .

pe'ea
Bepxooooa
olotlx py)KBex

p)I(a

Kh|t|o
floye aepa o op
ogo-o'Ix ollouteff. .II. - .' |964. -C'.4|42.

[ooop
Ny rPaeol{
oo Py
}r IpaBEeJIBo}'l C.ep
(2| ape1920., Bapraa)
pareo oo pey .oIro opo, paBlie paKo aporo pey - pyo, 5oo yx.e,
o a;l apo e eeTeor ptlo a },togoeIloe pe:
Ire B,oey IopeeeI,teBoI{gore oIi, oI{IraKoBo
BooyIeBJIee lt<eaIreyBpI,l p Boo' py.
)eeoo oyeoBaIl x aooyv Ir pa3 oox
Irpoo' - oa lra ey pee:
I
pa pao paI{ a eaBo oyapcelrlro ye.
oBle B pallar(' Krope I]a ep' oToKe e y,y oPraeI
rra ocoB ooBopoB ]t,texy pao Hapoo pyo
. ..lt
Kpoa'' a r{a poro - p.y oIIa aerrofi ago.e
eaparefi ale.

r20

oTeo alrail$rIr rr oeIt{, - oa py

Iplae epxoBo BJrapao poo y al
aaliolt{ ooo Coo e Bo a.

pa ).y oo yo paKo lrapoo

peyo yy opeeelll yI{ opao: a eepe o
p.[ep Bo p.py, a 3aelr,t e Pa'e e)Ky ABepe Poe o B:pya; o B:pya IIa Bep o
KpeeeIr{ xoa' a a o tlIIId' Ilpoxoe qoToIree
p PoeKoo ye,
3oyo, BoJIooIllx atII.ITpaTI{BllIx
IIa
o
p:II{
o
ep
p
r
o pee}I
ae
e peKo p, a ae o p o ee y. o aa
Poeoo, .(yoo a Kpeeoo yea, oope eep
pae'
oo peye, o o t|x oIree oye oe
Tooe oare.
oee aJ!IIo opeelre opaI,ro oxto
pollo ao oo.ypao o e, oToe
ooyi e:UIoB.
I
oe paeJlo pIra a po eppop pftoolra oo o opallo. , yaao .II IlIIoo
'(ee
ooopa, _ o paII or |7.I2 ,, opIvtora yxr oas
}r KoopIx o8e o PoI,r Iro opy)Kvr I|t| ollreIvt
ye.

ry
paoe paBliertBo ye e aKIoa KaI{x xyIrapoIllx OoBopoB, Irapaaerrx }l or, o x<eoaeBo
e a pago oo pyIl tlo oore
pao aro ye...

epolr{Irocpax
e ylIP

ADpefluuu

IIouf,

e'B},! Irogrpalilitx
e IIol

floerrl aeptur rto ropti

ogct(o-oJr orordfi. .II. - .. 1964. - .656658.

tzl

MIrI'fi oooP ly
Poeil proil c oroil opo'
otil-poil
(l8 aa 192l .' Pa)
...Po paa, oo opolr oIrra _ pyo, pyKooe )r(eae pepa}r Bo3lrly) ty rr oyl ...aK.
oollae, po, oeIr oIIoIr a ao
oaIe I,rp'peI ByIlT B l{pe epeoop... oa
lr)eye:

.II
o ooapIrro copIr oIlo pIrIra oopee
IrapooB, pa lreaIt{opa eopy}t' a TaK)Ke
oala lloaoBto' o ooy pay oI, 'e.
Palry )Iqy Po, eopye pao, oHo opolll,
oe _ pyo, oaB.,re L|I||L:
...aee e apa&,IerrIr )geo opoe oe - Cap,
epeeKa r e)y calre oc a,IeCoo' oilJl
a opoe pa peBIIIrBtto, Co, xaoa y
Co' a a opoe oI epeBIrPao'r,Pavo, oxa,
eora Coo;
allee B oe IIapaBJreI,ra .MIaoBKa' oTilBJI IIa Topoe
pa peBIrIra, ore, 3ae, Mpao, ot,
Keoa Prla Ke, a Ha opolr ol epI| [e, oor,
He, Bo, epea, oa ya Maoa;
:UIee y p.Kop.r, oa .o a opoe ;
aee BBepx o p.Kopv' oa .Kou (H.e) a opolr
ot;
a .r, oae,I epeI oyl'
ee oe aIIpaBJIeI{
Ke, IIo, aea, aaoa aoKa a opoe
pa, a epB oaoa, epa, Kpo, Mafioo, oa,
epa, Kyp:r opy lra opolr oI;
oaB ep
ae o opo .M .o'
olllaoa, Kp Coo a opoe , a epeBIIoraa,
ooa, Boo, .or opoy a opoe oI;
aJlee oe lrapaBJrelr a .eoopa' oaBJI a opo
pa epBII.oIg, Ceaoa, fia eepe )re,
, C, Boo, .o, epeBlrlr eo, Boe

t22

Kp, a a opoe or epeIrlr ox<ea, , oop,

Ipooa, o, poa, loopa, Mooo .eoopa;
aee p.py' oTaBJl opoy epeIr aoa a ope
ot;
:UIeeBop.py.t, o ae ee p.[p. ...

.III
Po paa oaalo o Ilx p:lB pA IIa elr{'
paoox(ee aay o pa' oao . II aoo
.[ooopa. Co o opoll, ora oaBaeT B oy pa
eopy o BKx pa pa a I{' paoox(elre K
Bomy o o pal...
floye rrerrtrrefioJIl| P.
.. l959. . T.I. . .6l8.642.

oorr
rryoBeIroo
oBeao Bopoy

o e,reo}'reJIKo
ypH yaoBJl
pa pao25 pa"rr(l9l9 .)
p KooG.paoooe,re
Haoo Koapaao ByTpe}l}rl
ea}r
DygBoa:

peaeCogoopaoo
pasaoa u M.ea
,ae HapoyeC ncuf,
oooelCoapolvta
o ea
eopy I C.onp
oa <ela aIoKao.opaa Iiaepy.
BoBaBIxa To, o aKe, ex oe ootl '

IrpaBllteIrpI eoxoo llpypaBa porellll

epa' B ox TeBeIio otIpy poeapa. o ee eE
yya oea y. oa oT B oTa Baop. p.
rl epoBtt a oey y. o elrre ePe e ooa.
Ii. epexo K ootl eBep{yeo poo y.
oa oaae' o yeI)a epegpaeeotl

|2

o - p - Cypa:, Hooofi, A CapoyA orI r poer Bo. B ocy prII{

opoa o poeIrlrelr o)KI|o r oo)eo He o oe Br Bo a (e), a oopa:e Iotlo
oypBrlrlloo opa.
}Io _ r'paIr.'t roo Cogoo llpIreBa ya3e' o pII pIeII Bopoa o pae ]iy pao
B.loef, pa.rrc B yKpalro Coot.re: yet, ypIr ttp tropx e)a a pplrop Be.rropoor, o]lrlIom
Bero.
eae otrralT Teepa},ty Paooo I.l or a e Haporie. B eepae yaae' o Beplie yet prl
o)tl oTar pr}leo a pao, eopIi paBopo
- of,rr Be.opo.
oep IIparIr llpcaI{Te paoo pae:l o
Ipo proa&eIllx ti ooo p peelrIr opoa ya.
IIoBJIeI{palr e)y pa Bee.
Per: ri oa epoo yep ea oey
yep Cypa:r HoooBKIr yel yoro
Cay Bpe o Be opoa o opaoa p
yep.
ae oIrl,repapo Bo o paopoKo eoo
yL
o IIraJI aIIrT' aafl' o ye eT or
ooeoe yypoe oee XapoBy' Kyy.
oep ooIr 'aIrIIoyBopoy otiorreo ao
oI{ perrl{: B Kollolt{eo}| otloeI{ eopo ye, a
a x ep, }'ee opo},toe 3aIllle oo Beo p,r; o otloIx)Il' oaa eIIae.rrII
rell}r yae BoeIIIllxrieyxo p, Bopo pa oTaaII.to pIiI{ a eopo ye, e a oepT
oo)KIroT peell peIr yye.
eae ollllg eepat Paooo paooo
oTopx yaB]ae' o o opor ypI{Iioo p.lBI{eTBilIi
BgpeaprBlr Ke paoo eoroo
yeoB B (aB Kyo yep.
Coeae pexo yalroJleIr paIrt e)Ky pao
Beopoe. o peo'(e aeJr paIrIIa yaa.
Bae apa' e(yIla' tiIt{eIII{It{'
aI}reIIIlaqo
Bealrlie, a Ke HoooKoo yea' e parra

t24

poxoI{ o' pao ylra 3aa}ropalr epoo yep

B BoTottolr{apae - r t| Coa prr, p.
I{ertoy opo opa (a ypaKo gopoe) no e Co e
poy Pea, pIro o xyTopa Kooa &.. o.ao
pIre Cyoo yra B oot|o lrapaJlerilr.
.oxee pI|}iaeeIloao.
oaaa rra pae v'e)rqy ,oo pao' oeae
Ilo o)ealle o yao capo e:yoao pa.
pae ex<y pao Kp o)e y(T Io
peIeK.
Cole riaaTo 8 a. 20 ., 3aKol{eo_ 12 a. 30 .
IJAO pai,
.2,o.'l.p.l8,r.l, p.l-l l0.

oo
aeallpao-pellcoolpaepa
l0 apa1919.
CYra:
..o paa PooCoacI,Io
(Deepo
Coe.
o Peyo''
oao:f[ooop o paax PooCoaeo
o. ao
epaoCoePyKo,oI-laI
o rloep.
IIABOpai,
p.70.
.2,o.l,p.18'

28 op |923 . Ko o atlpaIrIro-KooI{eoy
palll Kpla aputa ape LIATK CCP o Il o
oauo art Ne 3879 apoaIro Ir Koo K,
oao oopo KpII-pK a Boe aealr o 22|TII.|923 ypl
KAPK palr o oTeelr Kply 10 oo .
OKAI{A AKA
B o.opatxoax opeeIr eepx pa Kpa
exo tlpxolro .UIBa plroeIle}Ie Kpy va

t25

eppop paoo)eo }i oeeofi oe pI{

yepIr pa...
Koyo xo3cBo Kpa, oep)i<l{BaeolIIIKo eaI{eIl a}loa erpa' oToplx eBa ooI{o l
opxIr lrae)Ka}|oToIl yeeleo 0 papyx xoAa,
I{e op y)e o BoIroBeIrpapyeoo' e o'(eT paTBa
Iia op)y E o opoIII poIreoc' ogTotl oop peo' Ir o opo aoIleoo Il.IIe,ae)eoooT oopoo peao aa' ' ooy Il }|oxe y)KI{ a)(e
ellopee ao eo )eTa, oop o l
I]opx(Tee rp t{IIaTyB, oxpaelre KoopI
BeTc ypIro oxoI{oT.
A.pBIlo poIie re Tapeo yep
ooIeIl oeIrIrl,ryeo, o IlaeIlofi.gt.eerrooBalto
a p:lBllIlx pIra)(' y)e llooy o)t(tto oloo :lBIl,
3ll\E oop)K oooo, .[eoBoo eeoo
"'o "
yo
B eo x oe o Kpa o I{ aKx aIix, o B
oepe ee Iree oapyxae llp IIeIIII{a]r{cpaIrolvt
eelr ao p, o }r ypIillIr aIrIrpaBtII
ellpo' peoaaeo poeIIIr eppTop BeT
aepoa' paoox(e o e B paoIr 33l ep, a .,xrafir Kp epo - Cpoo, e)i(I l58 pa...
flae p o pe ooo yrpsIr Cox Py
aJloeo aee Kpa pTa.o lreKoopoe oae 0Ilole pa B ap o eoy a3lraeH It o
oaoee yeByT plr poe Kpy plraeo pao,
Kgop a 75.85 T oe. oaaelr{a poe
ppopt.!... paIra 375000 I{Ir... yaaa ppoplr
oBelI"tI
ooeo' e a},teeyyIIIeI{B eo
xoBo oyoTpB, aea aT )(lloo ea oopoo
Irra yttpo{ll{e aaooBa, aoBoTBa Bl{opaapTBa.
oaaa eppTop}l ooT eyx ae re
oooo (e eeoo) ye: aoo, epo,
Hoo.popeo, Hoo.Tpoo, Hoo.I{TprBo, Pox<BIro,Iopyo oogeil otl\a/347 2 *,. .(epoo
yea: poo, epo-Koatloo va Bopo-KoaTttoBKoooce orlla |2,I 8 eTIlH.oa Illlo
ex BooTe 1916 . oa 90 813 eoB oe pa
aoa oaBo. Ta ee B 1897 . py oTaBti
.(epoo e 94,9o Meooo 88,6o,ero Il,

oa KaK pye aIroaJIIIo elo ItTo)ol papeee: 3

x ao@ BIroe To aaloT lreI$l' oopl oaBJI yax
B pBo _ |,3o' o opo - 5'2o.
...Toae o pl.!oe K ey (Kpy - a.) ppl{opl,t
oopae o eo a polo (oIr - aom.) rry
yo plroTalro rropaJlIloo KooeK-yypt|oo pa Kp.CCP. ... yEeelie aoe p po}r !{oo
xrca, o opalr Kp.CCP oy ItoB oTtleT
aJrooaeJloB' o eooeIlo eeT Ilae"oe oop B
}tapaJlrepeypl yylo gootr{ooooo,(eH Kp.CCP
oopoe y oooBa oIr ypI| ooo
yPlroo p&lIr.
ya ollotlea la Kpa pao oo)t(a
Too p yeIt tlI.I opooe oex pey..B
Iiaor Bp aBIIt opalrI ytlo},t epe Koop yxoye epeoI{ B oyopoB poy B oopx oli oy:lJl
epe.
ocpy y)ty - Bgrc reTpcIreo
e pIr ae' To eKoope paoox(ee
epel.aaI{tlpa}leeIl, Ka eJroe BoItooI
Il
aIn Ha epeee pIrTeIIe op IipeTIrB]aIvtI,t
poya Kp pIvro
JtoxogopoyIl pal,
KoBe eI,recTo, o ae ee oeBIroxoIt{og
ueeooparoT IIpoeHt, Kpy yaIro eppop o.
eBeI{o B paa' pooea lra aepe }roo
200 p' o B o oe ye JIy)KIr o Ipooo
oapooea e)rqy o peya.

t26

r21

po parrl
erN(Kpo CoarreoRCoo
Peyoil oIroopol prKo
CoarreoilCooPecyttoil Pyo
[Ia aa poeKIIa prira ;naa o a epoo
}|op ol,l yIIe' o eo oxo aa a l{eJIep.Aeeea (yp"), I,la ep, a o t{tl eepao
I (eIl) oxo o aIr epao:p>vlK (e. Kaa a)
oa otl BoToa oo o pe Kaaa; :UIe o
t{/2 (.aa);
e KaaaK o palr a elrepao e

aee o )o pIr elrepJIto ex W ot4 ale ey

IIa eep lro e)I( o ' opaa rr oo g lro ex<a aIr
eeycrt{/2 aee o }|exja}| a llrcpaIIx ) ey e
Bplt.ta oo oxoIr o paIr Io erooltoo yea,
aa e eIIIIItf,; KocIrIoa' r'(a, Ioa,
Caoa, aoa, Hoo-Hoaea, Ho.Ilopoa, o,
Bo
Crpa, oo.Tpolror p]a Jler Bopaa
rep.B pe Glrreo errTouooo y ri Ir o erpI},t
paIIIIa yl oogfi: [IaIoo, poof, Hoo-p.
oBo o palr llaoo oo ey o aao
)oil pIralir o oo oxo o pa Ir{aoo;
ae ey o y Illr{aaoo eeoo rtpoIra
ooro Apao ...
IIAO pai,
.l.' o.2'.1063'ap.l0.l3.

o rexpaaxyP
Heoxoo ette llIll yeBy oyaprro
pal CCP yr eIt{po}r ptltl' a a,}'IrpaBoo,
oooleoo' a oeoo xpaepa. poe o ypeypoIo BeIx palr CCP CCP rcP' rapao
o)o pa3H a De yIrr :
A.

PAI{IIL yP B ( P

oIlx oyJlolloo oPoH'

B B ' A}IPA[Io0

yA

a) Bv B oas Bo"lo yr CCP eaery a

epplropll o yep P, aoylo a paBo pe.y
p.Coo }l BIltIIy y l yyo B eppop
Btt, oe yKxla l{o BoJrHeo)ea o e}roope yGoI{.
) epea o yep CCP eppop' H(oylo 3a
Bl eo p.Coo oar ef, oo BooT,
Kopoeoo Opya' Bo y yP.
Beee yaaIro o oe prlolraro o Jrey
oBa: eyoa otIIIl ae/re IrrrparB]t{ ypxe|lft|Bo ooeo eeIre oeer pe p plB
Coevo.

128

I
I

) pa o p CCP ac re Coeao
oo, Kopoo opya, Boof, yp elr
)i(oa x.oo, y oo' o yaaa:I eppop llIlo
BIlIltl y ye. Hoa pa oJtQra T poelra
rr po. oIa Pa, Tollau, po.' .Cooo, . Bopotto' x. yx .r. Koxy[ta' p. Copoo po. oo.
a oA yep CCP a rre oA oJIo,
Kopoeoo opya" Boo y., BIy) PopIo
CCP oaalry a 3-x epro ar o e'yr aa}lIr{:
e Kpy.a oo..Ko
Ho'', pe palrIoxlra
..KoI Ho'',
pxo eoo I{xre opo
a a]i(e B oTaB
o y. C..3aay a yaao Ioofi o, o e
)e orroa' pIr{paa o)r(a erra B lrap:lIl
3aa C.-Boo llo IlIl pov ooaerx a 3- Bpro
aP o :tile}'-..t[o Caxa'' n omo ope, Kypal,
Kerl, ea oe.
yae eoTll Bo.llo ypr CCP o oxoT
eeo.tlgoplre Il oolr{eIl yoBlt o yp P.
Br B oa poo yp yP Ceeoy
ooT, Hoooo yea, oeofi yp (PC<DCP)' y
oo, o .Coa Be pyII poreIr epo' e
Il{poo pEo yape pooBo. opae paf, Cooo ll H.-Ceeoo opya (Kocoopo oeA) ooIl Ito arrf, .Ceeoofi Ir oIropoIrI o ar,ioatloy oay aeelr. .CeoBa o )Ke P aoIl B
o)lJIeIIIllx Opot oIloellllx opyxt l{epa - Coo
H.-CeeoIr{' oe oa er eopeToIlo xeeoopo,(oe ooee. Copa paa yep opeBae
.Ceeoy oT Boo paoa oTeII, Ir(oeo epoo
yep yCP.
Kpoe 0o poeree epoo ep .Ceeo
oll e aeeH ylrarr pIr yeByle lra
oo r|a palry. B ocae aIltl .Ceo poaa
yKpa.
e) B B oga epoo yp (yP) elre 3Tpyvy, Tpyveoo yea' pofi ryep (PP)' yaoee pa.Ilo 3o, BBAy oo' vo Tpye ye,
po y. e Ce yo' opayeH.-C opyo,
epoo yep Cay yeo, oeo y. B
4-24

r29

pyae Taoo BI{e oyae o pI{BJreHepalr'

oopy oxolt{o }|.
x) B B ol poo yp (yP) a ooe
Ceo ye, poil y. (PCCP), a eo: .. ar,
apaoa, eoa, Mypao Tooyoo eIoo
Boo .. Hoe, Ceoe ep.pyy, olo oogIt.
aaoe lipaelre paII' BIBae eyloIt{ ooJtaJr{:o Il eeIrlapo, lao Kae, Ceoopya . epoKo y. (yCP)'
yoo paoa, H.{eeoo
Ce ye, po y. (PP)' aT y Il,t
eppop pa a aK ae ti Ceoo yea
ytra epoo y.
eopo tl Topo-porl.elltlr{
(Cepea.ya pxa-ya). Ceye pI{ palry a
pl{ooeHIl epoo y. yaao a Ceoo yea,
po yp.
' }ItI PAtl yP o oTBA
oHoPotIoT tIAotIAHoo oABA
A TPPToP PP yP
PAIox
ToTtI
Ko}toKoo
K yaatro pye poea' BBaeoo CCP, ro oee
elree aTe eIIII yeye oyapTBeIio
pII pa Kyo Boe:o yep' otloy ox
oo:e' aBl opao, aoliaJltll }'oeT, oppeTpyer
ool|I{eIt oIIIle' B yax e aJ(oBo pKo lpDelro B
opoy PP, BIrAy eo CCP oexl{ poeIrlrell B
opaIIIrHa ooa Teppop yaax yp PP,
yKplro aeetl wl'c poa.
B x oe ooo yTalroe ooil oyapBetrrropalr}rI
yP
PCCP o aoaJlIloy ptll,ly eoxoo aJIIlo
oao a opaueo ocae Kyo Bopoe:o y.
o lra e atrlr}r, aIa pae yKpo aoaJro 3a peeaIr Ee yI'eTBy palrl
CCP pca Aye Be:
jIA
AIIIII A
yKPAB
B PPAIIH
o }tAtIoT
K yKPA}t yAx PP
) Col ypaKt{e oee oeooelr $rarux
CCP yeax. By eoIlo aItx p |920 ' o ypa

130

aeJteIIIiyeoB ae eoT yKpaIIe' pee

aIrIrIe 1897 oa. He paaplra ye,I Kyp, ,[pe,
TA, ae: Kyo y, Bopoex,
3ao Hx<ee, Bopoeto y., e ypaIrI
IpeaT lll B o@aJIo I,ll' oytt eye:
Tppop
xl'

Erl

Hra.
m

7o yPr

rc

Eo EG

l ..

xP

lllc.

mo a
. t.

l0 yeo
Kyo y.

26'17t,4

1604,5 52'

2'6

9 yeo
Borpoe)r(.
oA y.

47'780,4

1967,r

854,1

4'4

46,9

Bo:

74551.8

57|'6 |77'4

8'5

4A,6

B ry ay olII y 3 ox B K<oIypa}reB o e
e 5.000 eoe. K tlo atll o erroyKpile
ooa oIl o l.377.000' oaB o l/3 Beo aeIl.
op eep (rceoBelloyoo axo yep.
l. Kvpa vD. ell IlToIlo- Bee o
IIaoaI|ooa Kyo yep o pe 1920 o &,r
I{aIrIIeKy yapo ..aprree oI.r epecLl a.
ee 28N|II - |920 .'' B o atr pee arre o pape xoB o pooy |y ol{oxoa Ir ya:lo
a.Ire'..apIre o'' BIe III e py xo, y ly oltloxoa: ..py'' ..py'' xoa.
Pye ooBrTByI eI,lopyK}'; pyIre oeItIro o:lTIB.l
e poe. Heop a o yIr o arrI o oeTBe
yKpaIroo aee Be-xe peae o3o(IlIIl oT oey:
peII 1897 oa yaHoBa, o B eKx lr{eox ypo
yep :lBe o eo pyKo ypIroe aeee.
A o al To p' ex Iiox yp :

Beo ae
Pyx
pe
v

ao.
2.149.486
1.648.169
502.234
4.082
l3l

oo

100,0
.76
2'4.
Dr. 0,2

A ooy o:Ee or plr oJI3oItt 3T}l Ir Ilzl

JIt ltio}r ollll poftx Ao poelra.
a' ooa aIIe P |92 ro aIl 1897 oa
ep o.o eJlte eo.

Ore o

|Lo
l. pfropoI

%1'r

lt97

1920

tE97

r84.94'l

rcg.n6

52,4

60,4

165.514

t54.t78

56,2

55,3

3. Hooorrtr

1 8 l .1 8

154.853

55,1

5l,8

4. Cyltld

162.851

|2.72

52,9

4'

2. yl.
xll

5. KopoaIfr
6. '

xrc
o'

183.039
184.136

148.789
152.819

16,6
2'2

4'4

178.856

|47.75

29,s

24,r

8. ootl.

20/'.250

168.765

11,5

rr 5

9. CapoOorgl

r62.838

180.892

2,1

9,4

l0. JIorfr

r51.569

125.718

'1,2

4,6

|.759.24

1.484.254*

32,4

oG

2'2

7. oorfr

oo
10 ye

Ta pao a 23- e poe)yo pee eo

yKpaIrIB noa 500.00 oIl o 570.000 a I9% B o Bpe
a 0e aJIIe poo $ |8'6%' o &ll B oII]}r
oteIlo eo ypae.
B oro I{3paapex yeoB' ll}.reo: oo' I|Tltll oI{o
ooIl' ypalrl oaJltt orro. Coooe oll,
aBr oo, [Itre1rxoooo' plrIae Cy:oy
yey, KoIlocr l.041 oc 6.000 rrprrIlo',Hae.,re.
m erotl oo xoll o,Ioy loItoo ypaoo
paeIl' oH:lo' ooo lte}|o oooIll aI'
aJrelee Bae ooo ye B aIly.
Xapap ypaIroo paoeelrlr geell yo yKpaeB
oe e rraee o)Ke e oIto oo p
ooIlI{ oeJlIlllllt{ aIrErIr;ooKy )i(e aoBx e },tee'
epexo K pao'Ipe oBoox ooB. Caaa pBeelvt
rreoJlo x Be:

'1

x
xolg rlrrc.
o r o}|oxo3!(l|l

..
.
rP.

lcro
l

o.
fi

.rl. .

p6. tp.

lgrtc
xoitjrfigt o.
Po5.
yiPrtorl

ae
yxprtx
orcn

g.

16.

r.

y'

o..)

rr49,r02000

l. tlorr

1t

l0

31060 18700 'l

2. y.lfr

l5

2924r

3. H.Oorlrfr

ll

29742 l854 62,7 13575 72,8 11038880900

4. Cy<rcrr

T2

289',79 16176 55,8 |928 86,1 89817 772

5. Kopovrrfr

l5

29969 8152

. t'tl

l9

2994 10f67 to,2 r0341 96,8 62121 58200

7. aorfr

t4

32143 6858 2r,3

8. oorrrd

t4

327r0 2272

6,9

1168 5 1 ,4

29034 725

2,6

578

9. C.-oorr l5
oo

| 2

44

l660 88,7

r6w2 83,8 16528 97,8 926/. 90700

10,5 1t6

80,1 2|7 16200

4747 69,3 39068

|n

79,8 M

n
7800
250

nr12 94|o 34,2 8 0 l l 85,1

Cooca aKr.| opao, aIIe o 44 oo, B a<o

ooplx ypI{IrIl oa&,IIo ao]'lroe Ico, ()aI|I

attlBtllr{'|) o ?o yp:lr rr yaeB oe roK,

2) o ae pao o KorBy aee TaBe oo 1/3
aeH ell ye3o, 3) o pea:( oo paoa eo aeeril-l
IraBT ga 2o eee oo' oo o peIl
paea o)Klro ypae peeaJ( yp. Kpoe oo,
IIoe (10) paa aIll oKanBae' p y a pI{eJre'Blee ooBaI||1cJIaxoc Il oKpyIl, o
a lpea 44 oo aoIr ee ee l( ypaIreB.
}Iaa 44 og oy pIlT. aee ool ollllloo
ypaIrKoo poerI{ B TIlo It{oa. Ka Bo paao
KapopaIvllPo It{oo paoo)l(e py' Koopl
ypaIrIIITaBJr yx( lvteeeootl aee. B x BooTx
oeBIlo'e Il oo oll]tloo paee oeIeopB
ypae pIr e opa:oeo a pyx. Haoe, y)e
oxrlI yxe I oTeIIeyFtlKe opoBK p IlolIroo
pyoo paeIr' yaoB l{eoaxox(tlli oopIx a
oTyI.lIIoeI{xtlllx IIe peoaeaTBoo)l(Il.
Haee oro ao paeelr yKpaIrIIl yolt,ty.e,
[t al ye ooT:
ae.

ypa(1)
pyaa(2)
yea (3)
Kaaa(4)
Keaa(5)
Hoaea(8)

1150
13368
10834
|725
41,13

5163
Hoo-Boea (8) 5988
(11) 1183
Ho.Coo
a(13)
11879

70 yparreB

80'6o

r00,0
100,0
100,0
99,6
100,0
100,0
99,9
100,0

Ke oro oypae oaBa o, ||4 QS'|o) pop

oo (12), lloo y. ogae Boo 3a pyIr,t'a eI{e epxoo, B mo By, Ira oaT, o
pI{},tyBy
lre py' a eopy' e eToe aae ..opooB'',(..Co a. g. o Be,.1862 .'' X Kyo y. p. l1).
B Po yee - KPald,eB
a )( Bo, pI,Ie Ty o

t34

opooe B oIIo},! ee' a eolofi eppopIr ex(y Cy opyo p.p.Co CaocIo IlIt{aT Boo:
ae.

yro(l)
Koa(2)
Kyaa(3)
Coa(4)
Cyxaoa(5)
ea()

70 yKpalreB

|376
.I3

99,r

94a2
lZ1481

93,r

99,9
96,9
99,5
93.5

7|98
|032.I

Kpoe oo l50 Bopo IIpIra,yKpalralr{' oee

yruo Booyooo.
paoe aeelreCyxaoo yea oo oe papr)eo:
aee.

eoa(l)
oaa (3)
Ke (7)
oa (9)
aoga(4)

19488
10349
10699
16378
1969l
Ho.aoa(10) |32|2

70 yrIre

88,8
8'1,9
99,9
51,1
100,0
83,7

Kpoe oo aoa (l2) BooIIaeIIayKpaaI{rla ||4

(25',Io) ..Coaca (2) o a ||3 (3|'7o).Bya o
Ilapaetl Kypy a ya aeea o TeIIo
py.Po eoooo oo yeaxo
o_
ea(1)

ae.

Eo Kpa:gleB

|5|2'1

51,4

Toovl
oeff/pa' oeIrID( ano, Bo(rcx ye
a.lJITpeoaa, 0 ypaI Bpra x ro o_
eT:yT lt{ltltD(op..y'' @a, o) . ,[oeoBy I4.rr.

135

pafio y BIiIle )(poy y.' o elro

s ypaIroo eellll o lra epo :

aee.

e :y.ai Kopoalroo yea oe'epBooryro e.

opoo poxoIr oo aeelllra pyIr llotl IIo o
paIr apoo yepe. parro aellle y.ea o.
pooeoB eBp.Booo
ocooeo x' plrlt{Il,t(
Hoo.oooy yey. Boor ypaIrorroe.

% y

Aecloa (l)
opoa(2)
Booa(4)
Bpoa(5)
ooaa(6)
aoa(10)

72w
3159
77
14816
l9l39
zl0

80,5
99,9
100,0
gg,5

Kpao-pya(l2)
pafioa (7)
Cpya(16)
Pr(17)

|4291
202.|4
|0757
19438

97,
90,0
67,4
91,4

70,0
99,9

o pyx ooe fioo yeeoJo e- ya

(16655yro..) Coa(5237yr.o..).
B oax5 x
% ye oee }i)ry |0% a 5go.
pIroo yea xpepoo, o ltaa eo a, a
Il)eep}ErrrypoBl(ootl, e.o)eT orra
ooe olIloopyoo paee.
B ore eoo yeeypaalr{pae)I(aBoo:

I|aeerr.
Ka(1)
Piloa (2)

63
53,1
e62

Kpoe oo soox Boo (4), aoo (5), Myof, (6), Hoo (7), Caeof, (8) eeo (9i y*p*"""
m 8 o %.coro ypaKoo paeeIr aopoo" y.,"
aIoae B o' o o (oeo B o.aao yy y
yparroo aa HWI*, r oee px oeelr
oxaTIIrx ep y Ir aIf, eo ol{ o e oIr. Peyao
30o Bae o, o I Be oo - Boxoea Iya
lfi aopoy, aee troTrro py}'.- .

136

70,8
e6J

o 45oyKpaIreB ooo(3) oog' 45% yoo (4)' 2|,8o Heao(5), |7% popooil (6), |9%
Aeeeo.Pyx Boogee peypaooaee7.
B HoooKo ye Eo Kpayleae.lolter ooo
pool!.'yyeyHoooof,o,.g rpaeppope
o or ypa rraeeN|'
cptQ1l
oopoo Py oe
pra&el BI{eoe elreIraI{qIrx
Bpeil.
aeelI.

.poa(l)
tsaa (2)
yooa(3)
B.oa(4)
Cooc(10)
opa(ll)

o pe

ooa(1)
Tooa (2)
Tapoa(3)

9864
I 1543

% ypae

|7672
|07
16583
2954
20745
2|7

% ypae'

603
,|
72,8
742
83,1
78,

Haoue, Capo-ooo yee er I l yrra

Boo' Iraxoa xo a yea.
IraeJII|.

roa (1)

4066

% ypae

79,8

ae rro;reerorr 7o yPale Eoorr O.rlrcofi (8) (43,l%), Bo.l.

ofi (5) . (43,%, PoPoro (9) - 27'7%).

r31

BoDera vD. .e pe |920 roaa o aI{olI.lJIHo}r

oae yep e oyoBaII IIaKoo a eo: ooy
pl{xo pyKoBoToB zlIIII 1897 o ooB:l eoope yKa3aIl' gpeaue rrepaype.
Coa 1897 oy irov ooBIIy aKoo aee yp
(o x lra palle plx) (46,9o) eHoI{ ee 2/5 o
aee' opo (43'4o), yKpaIIt aBrro oe ae
IIIla 4 yea - pe (247,2 .), Ba.lIyfi (201,9 .),
(253 .)' aB
opooxtgt (327,5 .) oylail
o yeax, a oo, o 737,8 *.
Kpe Too ooo 50 . o y fupoo (47839 .o..)
o 60 . (06) aoo.
B oo a Boextoo ya eeT ya*}alrerra
o' o poIr yKpae e otl :UIo' eo oll}l
86,2 o 85'0 ( K.Bopoo. paoo lraeH Bop.y. o
Bepoo eperr |920 . p. 17l e.).
.oaa, o o Pile otur oe pex(H oy
|920 oa eye p, o oKpyI,I:

( P. Ps.)

B e
Hee
eo.

'q.

rpro.relfr

206750

t45750

70,5

Byll

201900

103200

l'1

Opooltlfr

2.75

2957

90,8

oarfr

335900

2'74800

81,8

oo

1072050

819450

'76,2

peee pI (pa 3 4), Kolieo, e e, peyaT

pyo oea. oao oeol lloe ereIl
o)$lI opeel y oo Brelt,a
' oop, tl oaoIlx otIoBI,roaa, o yKpaoe
p ilpaxyry
aoP oe pIfiryJr oJI. 3aara ii
ypaili' o er:UI {x ot'P oia 3a llaee Irrl a.
a - 1030'2 . ooi.

138

aeee yp a oe ep ea' B ooeo o

ooIroo oa lreo Il paB' yeo oI{ay 0
o, o ao Io pyo aeJlee.
IIa paaeo ape oIr{eeIpolr, oa aeJI o p.It{ycByypaaIr, a oIroll apopaoo aepaa
IroeIIIeopee.
Ta opao, oeBo ypaeB' )ByI{ ypx
Boex<o Kyo o olIloo ypaIroo pa,
oxeT IT opeeo ey Ip:
Kyo yp o lHllt{
pe
|92o roa Bt}tII
Bopolo yep o tIH}'
peI,t1920 o lel{Il

464 660
819 450

eo l 284 000
rly CCP |924 . ..CopBeerr
a |922 o'' e

o}GIoT BIITlroope KoppeKB palr pBeel a.

Ta o ali yKaalroo opa oa eI{oTaee
Kyo Boero yp, a axre orlla tlo ypB a yaalIoil ppoplr ollpe ( |920 . yIt,t
pa):
6cpl

1. Kypa
l. Bopoe:a

06..

o ypa

2 69r 156
3 071 950

28 0o8
1 076 052

5 "7 6 |

1 704 060

Pae t peea (peIlooxTeo) a eo

ypaIIeB oTBa o Kyb y. _ 570 000, o Bolto y. _
819 000. Ta opao p:BIrI upax oK&tae, o o p.oaa aJrll oe BoKoo o pae peax olIIIIoo ypaKo paeHI,I yepv|X v|l|I|ly eI.y
poTaBa' aoo yKpaa' (e To 11 pyo ee.
oye oyeHx ooB o Boex<Ko y. He a Boo)l(tlo
oKo y yoIlT p o o yep, B By eo pBee
ru pe o, pIlIlI{Ilo opel{erro!,ty
acpIroy Il.
139

Ka rrrro I{ Plraaro apI hP .2' it pex(x yoB

oxoo, B.yrroo. opooxoo oylo'.oalifl lroBl
ye3, o'( ar' oxpaIra pe aIlll, Cxealr
oBe ape yel' o aItaeo ep'popI{ rraJ(
ye oooe:

Hoeye

acT llpelrlrx:

opr= 5 Kowrloo + ?5 Brrpo.l.+ 1l ocp.

Bay = 2l5 p. + Baytiil
PooI
oyvapA
Kae

= l/5 p,+ 516ooxoo

= l2 oyap.
= l2 oypoo

o Illlo.! ypaeB IIaBa yex oae

ee elr| 900 000' plr % ax oe paBIII{Ilo eorx
prea]q a o:

opoortg .,I 0%-75o

Barry - %-65%
ooI .90o-95%

oa .9{Jo-95o
Kaae - 7Wo-75o
-s5o/1M
o yra

a uo I{ llepeel{Iroo oepa yparrIr' oee

o aofi ae opalrrry yP
ooy PP'
oxaIa yr, P, Cyatlfi pfiopo, eo.
'
po, Kopoa Hoo.oo yeI. Kypo yp;
opox, BayAK, Poor, oyaK Kaae
Boe:o y.
oao, a Bllo 3 paael'{o Kapl N! 2 ea otlllloo
ypaoro aee 3aIIa r a eppopl{ BIIIep.
EeeIIlx ye a Kee oyapoo ll Pooloo ye,
or a.Ilelx ypall' ocae )Ke g epplrop' Bryaalx 12. yo 3aeell I{ eIaIIIr ypo.pyIt!
aogee ItI{:rr elrIro py; oIre ogo
ee }{o yo, Po oa pa yea(
K1po @p, e eelr{oIIy pay, oey ypaIreB
oT pyx.
Ta opa aJIe paaoo popeoo apa,Ia
aeT 3oxroT ooo Totlo ycoT opavey parrrry
ypaIro oalro' a Bee }l aT oy'oyapelry pIIlry yP.

140

Coao pl{Iroo olloIloo IIpIIra' olt o]e l oo.

)eII oIIoBy IrtIE oyapelro pa yP' a eo a.
oa, oa Pna.oxrra poee 3aa a Bo
eyI{ o: palrIl epo yp o peK Cy
Iloo Bogoe Cyx, a,Iee a Ioo-BoTo eoy a'e
opo,a a loo.Boo Bo o pe yey
oyapBelio palr CCP; Ia,e' yTBa o (e al'roaIrr
prrIra oypgelra pIrIB, IIaIIa o 8-o epaa o)Ka
o Cpo-3aao llapae eoJl(o ooIl Baye
ee BpIrKov, I{e oTIllltto apaJler a eepo-BTo
vI aT llvfivrlr(rrIrA por Ho oo, e g a o ea
eo, o ol },lg:UltleJlratpaJrelIlra Cep-Boo
yea o Bpe
Bogo, oxilI:l.,ty va oo)KKoo
palre Kaaeoo ye3a, oya epe apaeI,lea rre
ao ll Boo pIr Pootoo yea, Bolt
ya'
yep . poxoI{ o palre ooxoo
poxoI{
a
Ioo.B
eplr
pIrIIa
o op a a
ea }I:I.t ]vlat{o I{ aJIe o pe yepo pa
yep.
Boexo
ato }ielol{
aaofi paeil. B epprropto yP
Kyofi yp Bolre:o yp IIpOoa'rypaIrrr
'eelle' oIrao' poB.eIra,a}l oo, oypeIla paIl
o or oypaI a,Ili eoo pa 3ollotlKx pEriao,
T pyIie || Bt|Tc IIe oeIro. Ta oTaB,t
eopooo, Kopoaoo It Bayoo yeo, e IIIIe,
rra}'eeo, oo oyapBeEo parrf, oa CCP'
opay rppTop yoo KIIBry B pel yP' oB:t
QI{a eyBa aIrp}IpoBalrrrB pIreo eppl{op
IryBIIo opeaB ooe oI{e orropoe
apoo yepe Ilo, aoB| B,I lleplil
ac 3-x yeo.
.Bepee :eIl lBato orpopropa paI
ilre Ir paax K1oo opya.
B ex BooeIrrreloo.3ao .la BayKo yea
(Bopexo yp) oa;lIt{ aBaI{ ya, oe)alo
e oa yP, a I(xe cy oee eoo oyapIro pIl| peeax
ooo oyt
Kopovaoo yea (Kyo yp) eoxoo IIoBy pay
poe aoo Ilaee op. Ko ro-3aao allpae
o ropaeo tllll ypao.pyoo paIIIl,o BpIr

14l

pIreopooo yea; B OIrQJtlI{

e Cee-BooIio ac
eopooo yea (Kyo yep) oIlpyee Ilael{ B
oo poell x ae pa ppea
ootloItee I{olITlIr e p I{o xo3gelxopa)Kelr.
o'ao, )^{I.rIBa
o oeBo, o oolt{rrl oo,
oBop oJIy IIpoeIIe yaao va eKoo yea,
B o B pl{parrooo Kypo y.,
o)(ae po[rHeII pa IIo o aoaIlIl\,t
opa)errIr,t' o peae BoIl eoopaHl Bopo o
eopo y oo Be Ir oIrT aoo Bopoo
poeeI rce tllyaao oo.
yr oaaee ottoIneoo otlll BII.rc
IrapaBelrpyoBlx o.oo' a eo: pe opae pyo
o apaBl| pa py r ac a
popoo eopoKoo yeoB 1913 . oTaIl:

pyomo ooe
pI,ropaBIlll
o ylooPo ya
.. Cy-l
.. IOyopoo ye'a
.. m
.. oor
.. oopoa
o HoooplloBIl
.. Paa eo. yea
.. Hyo
..
oo
.. eopo
.. Toa
.. Toa1
.. Bga Heeo oo
IIIeo

59,8
'71,2
2,4
82,0
55'
53,0
48,

10;r
4,3

66,4
77,4
82,0
3'6
55;l
't'7,1

B pay

25
l3
9'7
71,9
5'4
74,5
58,8
65,5
75,4
68,6
9'0
87,1
56,2
4,9
2,9

T opa I{'o o aIl ooo eo.

pKoo yoB o:lBa aa pyo [e] L||,|
|4pa
y, To yK:rla a Topoo-otloeKoe 0e I.ryroB
apoo yep.
Kpoe oo B paapBaeo )Ko ooe Kypo iyep

142

paa ,Drztp:rpotlleIro. Ta, oao x ll}ttlIx

B o llooe paIloo)I(Iro 14 axa.aBox pepT' pepaaTIrx B ooeo pe 5.569.415 p., IIao p
ey l0 aoo oe ooo poBot|o ooo
1.300.000 p. Be 14 ooB' Ka o Boey oo:t<TaK o
yoB oo ytTBoBIroTzl B y$to oKo a
o aBa eKo-ltapoo pafioa exo pal
B ooex eo B oIIe.
Ta xaple ao Ita roopo)Ko Bo, a
aoBx 12 o a (l4) aoo papaeo ttoor,
oya Ir lroplBeopIox tI paolro ooo 30o
y el' oalle >e.looe pBJIeao )eo
oe Ir paooB o ree oex o Eoo'.e. Terro
x :lx, e Beoe aoee pe}Bo.
Ta oIlI{Ko ax(e )KeeIroopo)KlloeK yaaI 3aBooB loa B paa, a lltlo oI4e a
apoo, orro, poo yrpA. acoe Bpe
ooo 9oo, a o)r(e o e poo e aBot
epa ypaIrt. B y oo' o B liaoee aoap
pa3ex(eIll.lpaooB BrKoIra)e x(y 3:loI{-piIllxoae
a (oBr x eopaeKllx paH' 3aoI llpptlIro ool
Kyo yep BloT opeI{Ir o Bex opIIIIx paolro
ax(e, o BoIIeetlo, o :lo paeelr aoo
I{a ee o)KHo Txeo opaIi a eIlo
yKaa aBoB, B By eo, Ilo IrepoB aapo po.
IltIIIIeO,TIl 3Bo eooo B:l eeelro pe
x o ex otloIexK
ao, o Boo)ilo I yT pIroeIIeI{
aoillt{pa.
Cxapa polt{leltoT B Po ea, o Il IIoe eeBoI{ eIITPo' aB oa3o, Key
eIIo' Toea (rcHoBIt{
(Kopao papa) aa oe,Ireo _ Xapoy
Cya. o mee yoBaJIo e Po yeIrx
oelo: Ke, apoB' oa Cy, BJtIl aIIpaB
epa eoa pae axapx aooB' o B Bo
oepe oo aJII.IIre3e elrpo ae apomI{. B o axeI{ exIIeKIr pIl)KI|o
eo-:lxpt| e}.tea olreppBaJl oea Kee
oaTll Xapo. Caxe oIIBo }lxoo. xapoBa,
ae B e aBex ao' ytllx axaplry
a)(e B yaaIx Irlp:D('
poIeIIoTopeoaI{B:Ut

143

aBoo IreeyaJIIIIr{tl a, IIpBTB

oy:aIre
x eoBaA, aep' oya o oeoor

Eollpoa}r'
o)o )K3 Beo.axaplloo p'rlprl,T lIJ aI opa, ao oatx ayI
xIIx ype;rIr Ka apoa
B epee yoIr oyaIrole lropaJlo paBTe eo-axaplrx peplr B oo pe' o ox
eoJI B llllo}| BIpa)r oxparrJl Ir B lracroee pel{' ..
e 9oll{ Bot y)Io IIep a)e' a palrr o)igy
Iryxa a eep oe op ao}rre, o )t(I,rg oxy
)afloBJre papyeo lueo.
Ta opao, yo eo.xo3cIro poIt{tIIrHIro
etl0Ir oHopoogIo aolraJlIloo oa oo e
oya eI{rro l|:ry pa}raplrrIl{ a Kyof,
apoo yep, a a)e oop oxoo ooeI{e
x a oIro or Ipe'.il(yP.
Kpo ex ltroo' oopx a eoxIo 3lr!e
ocyaice palrl y"
oo}{eo Ilopa'ro
opa, Jtorr(erx ao oaIo alre, [epaa
Ko ByI,IKa Me B oIt{
Apa.eppopaia
pqop]eIr et p oyeoB xo}'x () oo ae
ppsIro CCP ool ppopIr PP, B ox oe
xEafigy} o e a p, B y o o
firrIx B yypoll{ ollolfeo}| ooe ypaIrx elrpoB'
o, BIl' poo-poeIlo oeli aotla
o&o.
, aep, e B 1920 r' peclIKI{ e pyvo o
o:llloIn xoaafioBa o llpl{oerr Koooy yey
eproo yep orroEeoo Oe oeIleo
oaoo o oro yeIroo elIpa ,'ae, ae )Ke oaa l oyx<e Kaao Boo oo )I(e ye" a axre
f,o
ooIo pfiopooo y (faepaa I{KB yP
96612$6 g 3-o 1920 .). Aaoe xoaBa IroTyI{
yal yleo, yp ToraBKo oo{, eo(o
ofi oo, yoo yea (eepaa I{K yP tf 9n424
g 8.o lo,l l90 .). B moe py.raofi Koao
o"fiafi Kya yocct 4 ap |921 r, BKaaJIa a
yo'Pee xoaaTa' y reIloo 0Ir }lx
ooge epo yep' lto y yooa ya3aIIItOo oalioe ol{o e GaIropomJl' yKaB oeIre

a ropaoe ee oee Bopoy..oo, ao 0a He

oa pIrrr oaellllx ooe, t)ope oyrrIr Eo o
Bopo oe, mpaIrB ofi eI. xooo. epI{KIr
Ilo, o HKB PP KyoA fK oaa ..De oe
peTpae oopIx pr ooBTBye pl
(le pe. A. Ko BI{K or 8N|.22 . o |0N|||.22 .
Na 996)...
22.ro apa |923 r. aIrpaajl oI! o paopBa
pafrooo ye yaIt pcare r yK, oa,
yy' yK' y}D( CT oalloI{a: ..yI otlo},teoe
ooe o.ee paopot{oo yea op. apoy, aI( aIioy oot(oy ay, tlpoeIlelr Xapoo ye
a exo, ttpo y K'a yepr oaIIoBe
p, alrropo olf xoaBo epe yatea
Il ogaoe''. o oaoJlerre o axe plrTo lra
atlI{ya paoo oJIo o 29.o apa |923 r.
tf 17' ypxeo eyo Y('ao l5V 1923 oa.
eo
oo B ore a ooee apooo
yoa pae o Boo)or poIre eopooo
(l4-o aya |923 .) yBeoe: ..o opoy o
ye yP
oIr')tr|o poeIr opooo ye . apoo
o)Keo B
yp IK Blroe pae ee y,
oTIIoeIiI{tf 2 22| plr}raJrooae a paopee Too
opoa ..'''
B o (l8flV-24 . tf 994) a BK'a oyo
opl{oe xoaao o aee paopoo o, KoIt,t
oeI{eB lpl{aro pooo oeo Copa aTeoplrK
aaB a ol(oaeIlo papeeIl oIloo I ee 1920 .
a o plroerre apoo yep.
oee a rrr pa oep)aloT o IIapeBIe }roxoo [IpaJreI{ yByefi oyptlo palr|
yP.
Ta opao B BIry eo o)t(eIloo B oaB yP o)t
Ir ye a eppopl{ CC PP (. ap.
No 3).
1. Heaa a epplrpIf o yp CCP, axo.
\ac lra paBolt{Pe.y Coe,ro.
2. Ceoa Boo HoooKoo ya oeo yep
P.
|0 .z

145

3. Cee3o.Tpyvea'Tpyveooya'poyp
PP.
4. C,c. aex,apaoy, .[eo'ypo Tooyoo,
eeloo ooT ..Hoe, Ceoe epeB pya
ooBoo,Ceooye'pItoypPCCP.
5. ac yIroo ye Kyoil yep PP' a eo
Boo _ ypa, pyaa,yrea,KaIIa,HoaeBa,I,Hoo-Bopeetl' ooo-CoOa,popoa
a.
6. a Poo ye Kyo yepPP' a I{IloBoo _ ytuo, Koa' Kyaca, Caoa,
Cyxaoa Tea'
7. a Cy:ao ya Kyo yp PCP' a eo
Boo _ eoa,Koapoa' 3aoa, Kpea,
poa,Hoo.alroEa
aoa.
8. e Boo'ooo yaKyo ypP.
9. BefiBopoyeKyo yepPCP' 3ae
ypoo Coaofi oge.
10.B eo y9 Kyo ypPP.
1l. 'c Koaoo yea Kyo yp PP' a Ir{eo
oo- Koea,Hevaa,poa, aax( lrlIeooT
yea.
12. tlac Hoo.oooo yea,Kyo ypPP' a tlo
Boo - .Tpoa,.aaa, yaoBa,.xaa,
Cooa'epa'oIaa ooa.
13. B Bayye Boe)Ko yepPP.
14. : va oo)Koo yea.
15. Be PooIye BopI|)Ko
yepPP.
1. B oya y Bexo ypPP.
17. Cpo-3aay lOo-3aaIry a aooo yea
Boex<oypPP.
18.Ioxy aKaaeooyeBoeo yepPP.
acmu meppu|nopuuCCP dneltunpedueCCP:
l. Teppop'axi,
9 e eo CoerroB coar a r. aoo oo Kopoeoo opya
Booyep.
2. a leCoeaoBoo, Kopoeoo opy
Boloy'p eelr}'..oBa'' ..H.o',.
146

3. rlac lrIopoooo Kopoo opy.a Bo

yep, tto:lglla a prepgroil ape o IraaII:..po
..Kot|lotl''.
Kpya'' oTpoo}|
4. Cepo-3a:a o oo, Koeoo opya
Boofiyep.
peeaeerp.A.-Tepp.
KoBIIK]a
(epvatu)
a. , oaa
(IIoo)
Bepo:
lIAo i'
ap.l0-l3.
.l.' o.2'p.t063,

CDo epeIro

17 azcma1924z.
ea KafiIraTa},tI-[( lya

I'{KK

o.Kup
o l

.Cala

IIIJr: Ba lr olloelr

3a

o.Bopfioao pIrelr
.roo aaoo opyo
.Boy.
o. apeapLK .Mtl
elr Ir aIra
K IIKK
o oyxe oIpoo Kpafieool,tlloepeaT
axoo Taaoo opyo o pa (Taapo,
eoae,aepA Aea-pyrepafi)
oTopyxm,oo o 1920oy.
...oe taeIroo,oorrBopoa B Kpae' IlppeHlx
epeoopoBo.Bocoa o IUIeyooeoo yoa,
oIe lrIlo Kana,rlr
por eo.Booy y&Irl{x
paoo'o Iry xoaacyoTaorclreoro I
epealr a papaoy erraJlooIt o paTeBo
o.ly, oeeo o.lrIoa a,Irlr
o ll oll Iroao
olllotlo plrIra)(.Ila.r
epeayo-Bocoy Aeappyeoo Tarpooo paolroB e, Yo o p o
l0*

t47

epplrlr peatpyIilrr ypalrtllt{ aeelle. }fu oorr coo

pee Bco.rlre paee pa' }.s a }top peB.
eIltx pll pal ' Ka m ooIraelro a paro apre' opa.
IUr rpploplr epBoIIaa,IIpeoJliae ll,eJlre 470000
o 3700, e IIrI{a ao Kaalr psIr aee{ Kpai a
ae B oxorx polrx.
I{K e I( KIy IIe
olao, llo I.rpTEBeoo
opa ot orr* rury Iyto(y opy ogalloe
orp IIK ocaIl o Bopo a oy]Ire ox ox
opaIrIr,a m xya aa T.., lllo peoJllo
pora pIa pteI.rorr,
Ke oyoa s peoI
a
eaT,

cpalrl(
ooa
atl{ oecelroe Iree IIpoil{
ITaIIoBJrql K PKIL B olo'x otllx a cpa lltl
pyx yPaIrx apliax l tl Itt ooo llooo oBoa'
Koop e ypa a a or''o t a e.
o ope IOo-Boro KAoa l, Ili(oIraBI,yo
aIrcoA x(qrra @ yp opoa [|o rr alraoB lIK KK'
ooIae ye:
po.' Irlro oorKor popoIre lOo.Bocoa'
e )e oaJr}I ooe e,Iogo oe 3aoeo
eI{I.po olt{y yx p ao: o-epBlx' e o3 oa pa ao opy, gopI IIptlIe polr{
o yJlao Booa, llo poerpKy pyoo,Irry tlttlto .xoceroil o. Koo
o arlo oelre (Kye, poe, Tee [o.
e aa); Eo.oplx' Ceepo3aa a ([olt Moofi opya rr. o o"cr) IrepafiorpoBIlt e olpye
"IloTIraoc, rroroo)rclo err Klrca' y rle
yaIIIr Ba opya; Ir .pcrx' B oTIloeI{ ot|oo xocBa
epeKlr Kpa oae Tae eoeee. paHeIIe x
pr}r ooaeo pee eoIto ooo
oa, patlo ogpoo, oItar IllII pt{ yoB poeIre o.Bocoy ace Ixoo Taalroo opyoB
olto yep, o ae .Booy ee ox 30000 paox
opeo)elrx B oIioI|o pe pa. To pan It{ o
oIBIIo o e I{ o5rJIpgIr ' Kytfi ee
B'fle(Aeapo-pyru, Hoopo, Kpaoap). Coa
Aeppyell Tax ovtt r I{K)I{Iry
[ll|o rIe I{ ooy' T0 ll:l po.)Irri :Q oIr o
oaJr ay oopy Coo eac op aaeBo.

r48

pacII
lI ffijo
:;-fritr*fl

Al;

I{po yp oro Topolr Aepo-pyroo

Taarroo pf,ooB , pyo, oo e xapaTp Bo
pe oeo oaoBK e oaooo yea Bex olr{t|o
Kot|oeoo oTe ll IJIapeeIIIIrotle
oxIr orpIIi e aeIIB tII oe, a eo:
.!aaT''
a)
['ot| e o IIeo e.roooopI;
..yoty''
) o6er ofi yoIrIA ae liy
iyep o PotiBotllioy'aKoy' o Pe}{ptly.
Paop aoo yel{ ep lrpt' oope B
|92. ooBy paIre oo og, a ]K e oBoI,
Koop :lB I|e ypal}t poIr pee otrp L[K.
Bp Teep' a eolr oy yBoB.lIl
Coeo e,IaTI,ro)t(o oBopl{ o pe
Kaae oao ye xaeoo parre. Hpo,
poeIreapopoa{lo'Bogoa oorreo B oIIy.y
Iil{y aafi [o, Kya Te, a ttoll oI,r e},ttIToB
pIrpr Kaae:l Coeo BJIa.
.To, .r e yao Katy'
tleIy py' - oop &neo,
_ o6rr IIa, peKpao Btloeo Cogofi ag''' 3, -I
iUIo oo,.orr p3'' o.Bocoo oac ,
B olt.|IlJIe
otlIlo' plroeIrgreor pprropfi 3700 ae^tt,
iltI(oB' Bp ooIttl oT..aI'' opo B OT0BIIIyx(
oeer Kaae o.Bocooo p:l eJlee Ie 7000000
eoBe. aoo, o o,}roopolr yoBop opa
..aoao''
9ee :t:lae, a pyo opo cI.|I|r
Taa
AerppyJKa ray
ay '
ov
agtaarrr

Irm.lll
or
ffH#ffiffii,l*ffi:.iHE1fr

arc oe pao opalrl,tIlx IIx eexo yey

al{oa,IIli epoa. t'l lre poBoTI{opalilrIry to pal
lOo.Bcoo}t' ypaIrK eel oaero ye e eo, o
r oBoe eeT (o e 1920 .' eocaTo oofi, o
ypae ||o, l ltx o Caolr 29o tlo Ky |4o, Tex |4o,
epoop 6,9o, fio 22,|o). B oo I{ ee B IropIx
eppopx ypaIrKor aoeee o Ae.pyoy
o
rrpl{e ?-25%' 0 t( e rl. o tr aaBa e lra
aa,Irroptt3tlae' o ) aaT Taaa, o B oetr otl,
149

oao oaoBJI oIopo I{K yr oxoly Boy

eprop ypIrII a.e' a aeerra .Ul pIra, o
oopo aro po{re e opoo Tao porrIre IO'Bcoy 210000 vell. (pe |923 r.), oTopx ooo
7G80000 ype' o I{ oa,le oKoo oo Tpg Talpoo
polre. etra oBeo Aearpopyre pfioo,
o 3700 eo ae,Itl' Pale ye oo.o 120000 oe,
'e. re 3Mo. Ta}i, oo, oBplIIIroerlloe olloeo
oeI{e yaalilIIx pafiooB o.BocoKy IIoJo lre polBp
IIIloaJIIloy {oery e oae a otlTe oo)Ke}t
ora liaeIr oxo$l pafioo, a aop, rpzlBo
papeaT aolraJtr opo' o r Bopo yBy Ta}(
JIKopyKo Ill]otr:Urro.
oo otloIlx Ipg peel{ ,oo
oal s |92 . errlrIrli}r Te apyeIITo ypaIr poB IIoaoBJre opo I{K o eave
A.elp.pyroo polra o.Booy _ o llellocr,oIloo
fuce||a, al( eIrIIooyoIrooxocBa. B aoIe pIsTo eIrTo
Iro y)e apyrue, ooy yoro xogo IIoeIoo aea
pJleeo ypar 4 pyrreIIroypcBeI,l oopaa
GrK' ,[oyo, yo, ocaJ) eEll}'Ir{py r pya' Ir
IlTtUl eo yTapo o ape aI{x . Kpe oo,
ooy .(oyo BJ|grc opalrl{ae yo, a oIro,
oToKy oI| o'(e paor a loo-Bogoe }(' a.a e.
pe oeelrtro Boo BaT BoIIpo opeeIr pa
x(y ya' paIlt|tle a oJIIle o, errl ll tlI{
pa ypBlrlrpoIlIIeHoT,Koope aTo }.tt|.I te
B B epea yoIilx paolroB oKaeT Bopo o pae
[y, o ito paloo B 3ToIr{e ,/l o, oIry
oaotl o I-(, elr KoTopoo eo3o)iGlo
paBe yTpoco .Bcooo Kpa' e oe, o ocer,
oe Bx alrrpoa B otlpo( ypJ'[I potlUlrlo,
o. .(p:lt p oyle orro 3oo Bopo oanBa,
o plr aox yoI.rx oxpalreIr eIr fioaa e B,le
o y)K eool - oop, oIIeBy yo'tt|x oo }.tox(eT
3m yeIre pooIIlo yeIBJIeIrepoy a
oo)lloT x BilIlHo p. ct{ oBepx<Hesoy
JrE m ' o Byxelroe pe otrIt|opalnralr
aprl{ Ir1ax.(oaca -Irepee( y.,loB potllo oy' pay
otlo eI y a pIlil( troo.Bogo 2-3 pa' oe eo o yrBlr
oe xoli ,

150

e , I{egTe e oo oo'pya.o paolre,aop

Ireoy y tia Ioo.Boo' poIIIeaII' erolre 0
e)aII. poele Aetp-pyeKoo paf,oa IO.Boy,
oe IIepeoally opfurrr o.l y oo paoa
yoo ycpIrT Ty IrqIopaJIIIo.
exo K opoy ooeKo ToTgtl
A;'a<opytlloo, Taallpooo Aoo
lOo-Bocoy' I.rIlt{ox(eyaT ee a t)oee:
a) aa op ga9||0 o.yxliBag IIyx' ,Boa o
e e e pe:lJl er N| pal ao III| lp ralv1t|
IIe opo Mapyooo, ooo, Hoaeoo poo;
) Tarpo* pe oBJre oo eor opaI{ Poc
A e opooo ypBJI[| pooo I{aJra eeepaex pa ott yooo },topt(ooarraJla;
) aaa opaaBaa poreo (oea
aoolta) rae IPIr| I{ )IpaBJIloo-Bocoo, aJlype:l aa Ioo.Boo eaJI A'I r ooeII|xlr,ta,py parlopa .n.
) e o ypae p epo Tapoa, 0 o
B xo aofi .oaa,aoo lrr, o rta elr.|Il
o oTaIrBJIBaT
;
a o-Bgo
) Aepo-pye yo rra "IUEwrrrc
opa' !,lTtlx.looB'OT0[rtt opoK ooB' KpgIlKoo
ope l]po.;
e) epea B3 Pooo, .oapreo Aepopyeo, oope o<oyx<o .rryo o-Boco,
opa oTop e Bea IrTIlTrta pa, e
eIa N| lee I.IK.lt(oo ge ooplx pooK opy
rv||Irrc I'( of,celx eprr;
x) olo yr Pooy o lllJlooy fiory 6yae
llreo (857o) aep po'r, Ka pao ycapo o
y Ir }'oytli a Bll.te e}r ilIPe}rro ao oe.
l opy)iIl{x e,rKI'( Jlyxarx pfiolro;
) eeoxa
Ii||Taapo-Poco Ba T B opo
eIro .'Io yoc ypa.,Ie 0o ee o paoa
Ioo'Bgra oyxe opo HK o ept e Ce-Kaa
opoa}|, .e. o,Boy;
) Hepa oa Ir pqra B ID( oo Pogoo.
fue rr axylt opaa oT tl paolra
e Poro aoe pre, a m eo I()o Xooyy
orr

l5 l

pao Aeapo-pyule Tapo

e o)Ke &}aBI{T
Poy,a axyry.

3aruoe

ypaOnr paoro:
JIy)i IItlIt pIeHI{.
1) To. epo o. CpltlK a aII|4
o.r'rftpo .,r:
aa, o o
epA o ToIr{,o I}r)Krroepe loBocoy
A.attto-pye, a Bpu - o'r Jreopyeg' o oB}r
Tar. m: po }^{aelreIrlr{o[oaa, Bo Bopo _
arolraJlroooa;ee.
2) plll oo oalra (pooo nN.22 .) oro
.trra oxorrIt.t
ooI{eJllo paor Bopo o)ro
epra lo.Booo og yKo oo o,(oIly eo Karof, _.. ooreIi Tara pa oa a' o o-oToa oac }rp prIrx oHoalr pcIrotra Ta
eoxoAcrrry a Taroo opya Inycapx opoBl
cB Taapoa Pogoo, a Ta]e Iy oroc Jloxoeo pyyp Taroo pao lOo-Bogoo og.
3) a olr{o fiorr oaoJl.\o re aa
poe{e IOBcoo orgrr opo Taaa eJIeeIIo ar opya. o pl{ill a ooeoo tll
To Tara Poo, oeo aIotI&A B oJIoBtI
Ta po rppyK pyB II oealre y''.
4) B pyax paoo oaa rto paopoa ae: o
Ixo opy -..opy o plroeIre .[oo yep
o6r o Ee .oell fretto eo alrpa,Io a, 0p
il 3eJI[Iooelle l{opeKy B3 ,oo oa',.
..Ir{reo paIrTa
o aa l Ceepo a,
,aIoa aI|tyoJ''D(;re<f,
opyro Ipempoe
Tapo e alIlo ope Aoo}i ope, pet|ro o"yxga
err Pog fi opl''.

Kara I olrl CCCP a oIroBaII

opoo papao opoa oa
oao:

...errI.p)re, apeId,

Ke paoI oro
yp, Tapo op, o Taa[ oea opoy
Taty a arx(oo ol(pya pcaIo ,Iroexo.croe
e,roe Poo oo''. PeIelr o aIio IIoxIrBaeT oB.
Kpxxotl}l' ooJltlo oo oIr,r a Ir.topb.

r52

Jl.gT Il o ollorlooy

paoIrpo.

I|}t!oloo-Bogolr' B o{ .ye t&r Korg oxe

I o oy tDtl{' rro < oalr Ea eplx x( op( ptlo'ilrpoa.
t }|oy plr pBy qlf,rrefia<rcx<Dt' poa'
caoo ilrcplo .llt ooo
'Beooa'Ioc
oollot|Krr
)I,raa. He ao aIa aoe aelrlre Bopoy
pIrBaJl 12 apu' a o IIeo o. el. L922r.
f,orllr
ll.ele II( 17 a,I' e o. Po tya oJto r llopoa' IlepIraar poe oTopoo oca&e poo
Aeal' yt(palK oBaplr BtcyJr o e ,'poIrB
oae
sottpaIr o3E ollott qeo
t' otlall' o ollo}loe Ffl}rpoIre o)t( pre
epeopy tlu yr'' poetx o arolrroy plrIlal(y.
To o. e o eA o ruoIo BF'JI oy oB,
hloa poB yKpaI mLI|' Ttl oraJl}| e o)e opoe rra aITptrrI|o ooIrro "llgltl' yao.Iiltolti
ptIy' o' I|I(oIl op 3 8 oIflr tltooao IIoTp
IIr al{IrTpTBrx $(ooItrx rao .ro o pm
oBJloIIsr}| oJ;lIlToIIK

orolene
po8
JHfffiffi"ffi::"Aff;

oorel.ar
E

p yparE po peIIoIrIo'po

o erro.BogooKparoo Kog
Jleropo KlIt
Murot
trta
Ko'tttttto
II0 i'
.l' o.20'ry.l8l3' a9.1o.72'

epaoyel(peap (y
o..,MKaza,|ou
o Cepeap Capeoo opapoa
/|.Kuoa
I
I

I
I
t

...y a a palre Cee.KaKao Bop ollI{epa

o oopx Ieo[re.Capoe.rraJl
opallaIropr|a
e' IroylpycBe oe ex IpeaIree,
oaBrr
p opo o Ipt(paetrx opt, pI|I{atoIrxy)e
<Dopypeye. o,eeop, o opa Bop
a p&re Pyrr Ir !or,a 1r.lofi PooA Coa.
IrcoilCgoA eyo.
| | 4-234

153

Tpe o yx(e oIIl' :l lt{laJr rpoBlra Botlpo o papeeIlll

alx opalrrrrrIx poTBoPe, o To Bo ll I ' a eopa
Breae oa l Ire aI(aIIaIo.Caa ollpo
aB oeIo yo yooe (|924[25 .), o a}.t o
}a paopa yp oeIt K oy opoy y
pya; ae r po a a Copoe ( ..),
IIo e o }rPlly ore o. e yae, o o opo
ap e. o yolr{, Ito y a e opll' oope pa..o opo o'po3rr ooy' o
a: oHI{ oop,
ia
Ce-KaKe pae aBopeIr e MoBo, e)Ke
alII' ypae''. , oeo, apa paa aoe' B oplre
Ireepoe oIle peoe KoEaIIe'o B IrtooBol pIIaIo'.K. BoKa IlIo aIlya.
...Ta opa, lrr pao ep - oeoK eooe, paoJloxe y ao )e3Ho opIr Ir pegaegt t| o py
opo y, e ycya o opoopry aelr{yopy)IIoy
eTpy - Capoy. Pao eIrTP Ceepo.Kaa:}:!paoo(e B
Bep( 8. o ).. o eT Il o or, Ka ora ooa
aoa, oea eooy plty.
o oeIa oy oTeII |924 .Ir{ele BaT Cep.
Kaaoo Kpa a zlBT Iiee aaI, otopI Ir
rpoyaJl a ay opoy B)Klx a aap KpeIr. Ha o
oBr pol,toIl ya oa,, o peIr
opI Iloepa oao. Toa o oo0To o pepaIro
Ir peTae Ceepo-Kaaa aa e opy ot|oI{KIrl
)..
Ta a epx aT lroea eooo, B 0 alvtoeTe, e
I{xo po e Cee.Kaaoo pa xoI,l3a )..
BJI'o eepo-K.lBKaye}r lraJloooo oae epeI,rBIO
a o oto yaoK aT Topoe, Topyx apax'
KoTopx epcpoKa e paa orx apa, o oo peeeII xoo :l' o va apa oKa:UIaoT a yx x.opo,
o oIloBIIa a PrHa oaa, oeo' a ap ee. o o
yo B)t(erre Ir )..).x I{ oa)t pooI a
y eagrya: aeppy apoo l y veoe,
p o yoo oa:UII{lra are ope' a oo:l a Topoe
C.Kaaa. BoT rtp oro Koe lrapoa, ly Ie
e Cepo-Kaao aIrae op o o, Koy oaBJI
pooKo ypa py.
Ta ypo lag e:UIo.He eoxoot, oop o o'

154

m opa xyIrIro yooIrof, oeIIalpyrrea,..

ara a0 apaJlyI|t'm peyeae a
opoy C.Kaa peoae
oaT.
fipyo yp p}|poy pr ey:Bo Bpe
epoaoeoparopalo IIar ooy (.. I{ epoKaBKa' Ilo Iltl )l(.. e po' a rryl ooeo.
Ho o Be 3 oa ol!eIlx
yo' a oo},te

eyKI{to ropa3o eIre. eo oofta K

ollIl IloIr q)Byto oaIIoBJIe o lreo.

ycIx eoax op IIa oa xoaooo. B pollly
xeoooJlt|y aall Cee-Ka:B tl Ha plrC
o aIlo' aoap ey opI{oIl yo iea' lrtBIeo
o oTKp o. pxoo oamoe tlllr peEoT
xe ila .3opoa' D(oy a a Teppop, e p o}t
oepIeIrolrepo3eIrepaxoI. B o oy ao eo opl
Cee.Kaa aaeT IIoTopT(o eepaoo ooe o
o pl{:la). o y oy oa,o p ocBeIIo
a o pyeIe olloo elr]pe e oaTooo
ae 3a peypoae Il' o oT )y(Q' Ko x oe
Kollo' oJt)i(e y eTTeo a pooy TaIr{
eepy. Be To pao aoaJrrrBIT pyee I'apTg'|
oa, xa, IIl, I{ po.' a atrteo (oeoo) a3 p o
e. yvur oo Il3 oo oox<eI{ye poeI{eK HaI\,r
Maoo.KaTeoo paoa a o Bo Cee-Kaa
oaI:UI, oa IIJ paoBop o oTee o floaa lax
Taapoa. 3e axo T.. Toa oep otl oxlll
oep o (eo o oe py).
Haee Maoo.KaJII{eoo paoa ooT a .I0-8oo l
ypae, a aIeo eooo paolra eIro yKpI{Iro.ooe,
aap oeev, pape oT Bopo. ,Ilpyo oe yooo oeIIae ye TIry e.M oKpy (C.Kaitoo
) ee oty yoBylo C:l Meo p alr o
IrapaIr poo. eo: oveoo, ra' Clo,
Iyoa, Mao, a y a epoo eIie xo.
C oyIt{

pBo

,.K

o' 26 op |926 .
I{IAO i,
. l' o.20' cttp.2228'ap.25-?-6.

155

B pee
IIK ooaCCP
oeloe rclleperyaI,IKColoaCCP o0ol o
IroPeeTo
M..Kaa.
B are o pI{IIooaoBJIeIl..o pa CCP
PP CCP', peypy) e x palr}rI.oo o Bero
ooeTTyltIIK ox pyfu.
Ylwsl. - |y25. - l7 o.

.err Paop)ePar.aP
ogaoIee lllya
l{eroo orreIIIIo Koc
Coa Coex CoI.aI!et Pyur o ypeVDorr !a
Dao Corao Cogo Pev Po
CoragO (DeepaEBIrACoBeo Peyo eoDv
Corgeo CoBgo Pevo.
...y eroo
olte,Ioo Kea Coa CCP
'oor BIt tIyHKo ..'' . l g. 6 KoyIrra C CP
oTtlIIoJI:

1. B oa o Cola.r.KofiCoeofi Pey
aeTeya aepplrop.yACoa.eo
Py:
Tppop' oepl{rlla.3oooy eoy oBTy
Kooo paoa ooo q.j ' *,.,'2. B oa pao ColaoCoo Pey
BIoa eyloe T pp{r lqpA-hCoallItoA (DepaoCoeo Pey: a). 6ohlo,
HoooKooyaoeoyep;) err 3, p}.
oA Boo, oeoo yea, po yep: ) ateiik,
apoa,fleoa, ypae, Tooyoo (rueetr.
Kooooc) Ceo.IlKo' Coe, epBlrpy (r
oooo);) eI y ( .ye),
a eIeKpyerofi oO Tplxe paItx;)
a Kpaaoo'roCy:aooyea, Ky
yep,e) xa va Iro oTIt,popooo
y,
Ky yep;lr<)r yco oT,opoo
ye, yo yp ) Tra oOT aT pao
EoJIoI,l,
Byooyeatsoex(ofi p.
156

3. B oa epyo Colraco Cogo Pey

pIO JceyIIre 8 popt.l pao Co'rr.
tlofi Cogofi Pey: a) epo-a a epproplrl,l
oeoo paoa epees Botre, Kopoeoo opya'
poeee patrl oT BIIerrp.K.ll p.Cryey |1 Nl
ypoI ope' Kypa, Kert4 I.o oe; ) erepa a
eppTopIroel<oo pafioa Befi KoIrlI&, Kooo opya,
o pil{e ypoI{B Kpyrr Ir oBa Ko Ho; ) eprra a
rppropl,r Coeoo f,or' Korroo oya ep. oa
xy. ao poIltpaIll 0 ypoIrB Aoo o
ee Ir ypo o.Pe, Toa, Cooo, Bopoo, [yxa,
)Koa; ) eepa a opyvoo pafioa, Kpoeoo opya,
e)r a olt.{y p.Coo, e)iy epeIr Tax Ho

B.

4. elo B oT:lBPooCoKo{Dpao Coeo Pey II)Keeye

eppopl{o
CoacKo
CoeoPy:a) eopo,
Hoae
( .Taapoo),aeo-Kypa,
Coe,ooae
polrI,l ooI{ava aepoaKoopaoaTaapo
I(ya;) yo' e,Ke,.eoaef,,
Bapfr,Cy, Iax ( .I) pao .rc
epppI.r
Copoo AeoopaooIIIaxooot(pya.
5. B lrrpxooytrIlrrx .4 acoeo oTaIIoe
axo Taaoo opyo pao Coag
Coof, Py PooCoeo<Dpa
Coo Pey a paIe,y pao CaoCoeo eyo PooCoaeO
(Deepao
CoeyoB y acoooTaoJrtifi

IIo eytll :

Cop pao o Cep .oe,e lra,e t{,

l{ ollx eplr:r oxoIrT PP, a x(a tlg B pe( yP;
a.epIrI{Il e o pe Ceep IIoe Bo o Bae 8 I{
p..Kaea. Ca yopoBa yalroetx palrax !ileooB{lHI.Ioo PCCP, pe p ycaoBIl Ieurx
pa eeooaI{ .y.opoo pyti e Bo ao
Ir)rpe py oalo a CCP. are palra eT IIo p.
.Kea, pe xyopa .Ie erao oxo PCCP, a
xyopa Bao Koe oTaT yP eI{, o eooBaIl
Bx yopo oTa e eerru o IIpoI{oBiae}'eypoTl{x p. [a.ee pllla lrg exy ooaelvtoxtl

157

..Ka

oa'' (r. ae) xyopa oea, aoo

yo, o pIIa e o ete C.Kparr (. poo),
taa xoP optlB, .e. o pa IIIaoBoo paoa. aee,
poo o eppl,lTop Aeoo pfioa oTaBJr eax CCP
eeooalr . oeloo xyopo H.ooo, H.AealrpoBoo B.Tyooo' pal oxo o TaapoKoo opya
' poxo o apo oKpy)$ro pafle IIIxoo Taapoo
opyoB I{apo]Ke III|ep, o IIpeIp.yo o oo
p|IIre)(y ooa .[rIr paoari o pr My.
a palra I{eT IIo p. y o pI1a eIIooBaIrexy
a apoo, popeo ooaeo a, o . apa
popeBa oa B peeax pao CoaeKo
Coo Pey, a .ooaeBa oxo Poo oaKo (DepaoCl.oPeye.
poxo aJlee o patre eeootlll eex oo
Bep, apee ya <De,plie Kooll oxoT
Poo Colraco (DeepaoCoeo Peye,
arrIl eT o Apoeo paoo paI|e o peK C
a' ae palra yaaI{Bae o eooa ea
opo-KpreBa' xyopoB aepoaoo' Co o
py av, oaJr Bpo-aya aepoaKoo
paoa B peeax yCP. [a a lr.eo py a
Bo o pa apyooo opya.
leae I{epao
oreoo Koea Coa CCP
M.Kanuu
o, Kp, l op |925 '
err.
- |926.- 3l p.
|924 op 1928 . y IK Coa CCP m
opo
o ypeyalr ptlll yCP PCCP pafioe po, Kypo
Bopx<oyep.
l. Bo el{eoTaoBJIya K
Coa CCP m 16 op |925 .
a) v o:l CCP e ace eppoP PP yaalr.
Ilx oTaIIoeHya lIK Coa CCP o l o4p |925 r.
eyI{eaeee IIyl|KT PC<DCP: e. ParKo CoapBa
oca'or:

158

eoBooCoo yea po yp'e. CapI'

pe oypooMyo Booooo yeaKyo
yp,e.BaPrr'Mo, Crye,ae,,
Aeap, Bara oa p pooo oo
pooo yao )Kyp;
) a oa yP, oa palra( PP e. 3o
Tpyvea Tpyueoo(rcoeoo yea pIrofi yp1|u|4YI .pyo,tu.ooofioo Coo ya o
e yep.
2. ooeey I{K Coa CCP o 16 op |925 .
(...'' .2.)o oa ogaePP r.Kpyeooo
. yoo yaKypo yp apx e palrax
o:lBTe ee.
xe oTilBIlT epae paoo, IIIyo,
epao,,oo Koaooo Bo.Bayo
yeaBoe)o yp.
IlAo pai,
.l , o-4,p.l l99. ap.4'

CpeapK Coa CCP

,Eu0e
Ae Coou!
yooyaaeI
o opyvepop aoopaa Ba o ey
opoolt{.Cea y a paoe eIIa pea Ko o
papeeI{
ox pa )ry yCP
lrye yalroBeI{
PCCP paf,o. B e paoTo Ko BoHae oe oo opt|x BopooB,a oTope Ba oao l
opa BI{t{},taIl
:
1). Toap 3 pyoox eTII apTopaoB Ir ylx
apoo PP oB:lT yIIIeape o eppop,
oopa oxo CCP a o rrrropae :ao
IllIIx yoIrooeltx,B aTl|otl a BIIKa aooo.
Hao , o IIp peaaxoo Taapooo opya
}rIpoo oIl IlpI aplr IIoo appatlo K
oxoe TeppTap lie oToB:l.
2). Ca eop rxe ay epo:' B ao
3eeepo' :lpolroo ..
3). aay oxo o Teeo aypa, yBo o-a

159

I}t}a' o I{ ee ool(oa' o eByT

grpaa 8llroo yolto$loo.
}ia e rIeyaI rrpoa p8ltItarre t rllello T
pacopJi(rre o yBy, 96 Ko*r ll}tJra o3o:r|T op
aollIl pful.
Ko paoa e IlcpyL , oreo' re o]i(Ir{@a
^exrefi opyr alrfit' a l( ItPao paaa lrpyr
pIIeJrrCogro Ko Tea
Co ofi opo[r riIle
oo)i(llr{r yaal{, rbl'l ao8a Irpys a pa,
o a Ire yye oo PCCP' o CP
rreoIlopao iUlIlBaT ot! opoI{...

C oyptlBo},r
Cepeappoo Ka
roA.
IIABO ,
.l' o.3'.p.620'ap.l 7.

ooIma'Irnpool(oJt

oooy o ll8a$Irr
y eparril Coerc Coo
o a ltafl a o ee )ty rfi CCC
Ilx(eoIrIrlrr|;le pcaIre ox -Copo oyIr B poo
oeraJltx eeax ollpo 0 papIrtr x ep BJII{II
Boo . } ee pBerr ooJrflJreIr B ,yIt,t:
l. B yvae eppopaI|lx .}l ot{I{,rrxpeopaoa' B
oax, pIra)x
paIi}| oyapTa (,
0lr, JI, JIIIB)' Ira rrlr r yte epo,
preA .p rlldlt| epa CCCP. B ofi 3 alre.
proBIIIioT B paoe Bo pIraa o opa.
2. B yae epplroar ot{llx opaoBalrlr B
oax, plrae)Kax oKoy oyapy, ep Bt|Flvl
ep CCCP yy papaItl peIlo o Ir pe
[Ia, Ba Ca.
Bopo o ToIt{,)eaTeIo Il epax oex Co oxptlIIre
Eea8I{Ir{O
ooo oyapBa Ir o paIII1xTaoo yapg
ye oovaeo r,eer xooltl yyx oI,lKx.o.

10

t"

B o Jryae oa rea papta oPo yr,}'|poKoo

oa.
3. Kareo lOo-Boovo po Certa glPoa yK8:}aa a
o aIrepoao eapa. epa oIIa II0 aI{JIa
o oIro oTeo eI,Iepoao B gIix epplrTopEx.
4. ,[a pooo PaaP[rBaT Copa a crpoo

eplr.

Mo,23 aya1939.
,l

3a pao
epa

ooorrpal,l.e
pa.CCC

.PI{TPo

B.ooToB

Bp B.' rry.
a ooa-P66erpo eo
oJIe. eparr.C6. oyerro.
- Krrre:rrea' l99l. - .8.

ore
oaoo o6oa' Crrapoa
ylvla Brpxooo oEa lvtAtP
o yafloJleHrr

Pa'i
'

P
tlopae10 u1940 z.

oa oo K()y' Coapo y Bpxooo

Coea AP po yaoI{pplrop oofi Coo
ColaeKoPeyB eypIII{(
PA PA}IA P
pa e)Ay CCP Moo Peo poxoIr 0 p
py e:yeal}l
t oapaeIro
oa
Ira erp e)Ky eaKopxeyr Tpa' (Taeo Tpa
oTaroaoPey.
xo e)y eaKapayruarr KotrcalrItoKaI4IlIlpaIrIIt
oag eo KoaTIloBKy erpo-:l{
oopBaea o.
oo apael{Ir
y ealr,t
Hx Xooxop Tpoa
aJIe lra BooK x<y e:} xa
rra B oae oo Pe.

t6l

Ha,

o:lBJI

eo

.(ae K o.ooKy o ea Poya Hlz|paIrIlI poxoIr o

palre Xooo oo ye aaIro opoI o ea
ulw IIa eep o eo Xoopyl, oopaBae Ha BoToK
e)qy ea Koya Booe apaJleIro)eo opoe,
ce ae o [p o pIrlr e)iqy Co o
ya.
pay oo ac oaBo CCP ycalroB a TeppTop re oao ACP, KB eyl paolrI:
Ko, a, e a oTae oaBe pao CCP.
pa oa CC o a oaag paa
pe Moo ACCP poBeo paraKtoo, a.oo
eaoo paoo.
pay lo ag oo CCP yalioBll o Ko
oo, Be B oa P Peo, apao,
ao ooe I,ropoa ala.
.[aury pay P o pe p yaoI{o pa}r:l
yeByI,lxAepaoo, KayKoo eepoo yeo.
aa x(tly pay BKerre opoa a:a B oa
ao P' _ oo, Coapo lyr"l Bpxooo Coa
o ey oopK:
1. He Po, oapao, ao oo
oaBJIeT oIgB lojl,lBor.
po a BQ eTpol,l yTypoo KooKoo
otl Peo, oapa, aofi a Kayoo
yea.

Cepeapaoo
ooa K()y

oPoJII{

ae CoapoaAP

KOTAHTI{OB

e.aepey
BepxoooCogra MAP

PoBKo

!p:afi api Poifioi eepaii,

..152'o.1l' p.20l, ap.5l (ai lIA).

BepxorooCoa
Cpaarryca.Jl
pao P . peryr't
BepxorrooCoa P
o PoKTPoBAtI oyAPTBI{o PA}II
oABKo p, B AT TPPToP,
PIo K yKPAIlKo P

I
I

B I{aIe
oaor
l{el
lloBoIlo ogoeIlo
paop)KIIIl' aJIKo e ToH, tlo ooo tl
ae, eopae Ir{ opa
aI ' o}to
ptIT eye},ty BBoy:

1. Ceepa va yo.. 4,14'6|,1eoe )ee aeerrul,

aB opao, yKpaIra},tI., .l x aB, pyIla Ir yyaIl eaeIroac EapooB pyx aoaoe, o
oo tl ex operro ag oaKoo apoa, ooy
He Bae K:loo oe o, o eBepa va yI
o)la xoIl oll pao CCP.
2. He T:l(e y(I oal ueeooparroT poeI,lell
o a pao CCP, e poxlra aBl opao
ypa (e:e pyI )e yy) a Ke eaT.
o a oBIr,paeIrlx no ey yey oaKTI{ooeooex 16. ltatltlx ylrax pvao Boog rl J-vl
aeeIIIIylr Cpo oo.
Ta opao, eplry aT palr oao CCP ey
IlpoeKpoao pae oo, eoo CoKKoo
yeoB, epeeee ooo ye B oilB oao
CCP Cappaxto, oao, ypaeIKo, to,
Tpoo, Tpoo elo oy pvao BooT
apao, xauralro, ooyo, oo oy Ceypo Boo, o aK yo- e Bl ooIx poBopIr o opolr!oapl,re oa.
3. B oore Aepaoo yea.
B AepaKo yee It 68.252 eoea )ee'
tltlx: 39,|o _ ypaIre pyx' 4|,3o _ oap, eeB, ayoB
BpB ToKo |9'6o - oaBIr. cxo!, oo' Ta, o
Aepa y a)e o<Il po oIlo K
pao CCP'

162

r63

4. B groer 'lr ye
B ao yr JtT 255.9 .r xrrr'It;e. llllx:34,7a
ypa rr ryID(, 32% o'lt t 333% op' aay3o I{ py
InoJlros. A r lT apoolreJlelr getro o a)o
oc aoo y' o a llBII, KrKo
r.ro oJIx pox(l.E o 50 o 65o pa pyK
oJlo 25-% - oJIBaIr.
.rIo,.ro rrgr'. y,3orDKr r ole o
CCP' xo JlyI[Ilx oooerd:
) . a ae,re o tleIio yKpar{a ,
aHo' py}|.
o 33'3% .rap arayo, rByIiD( B yee, KI( oIlKI,re
Ieea l ore oeo B pa( rry ypalrlt},', Ir,t
oJIBaIra;
) vm oa lraep:lxl oIIJITp - 5ra_ oeIiea
e ope' o)l( tlo Ilooalra e a
eppop o CCP vofi oo me e l
oK pI| otloe, a
e,Iy a p Rt|I||
paevofi.
}bort o oTrroIerrorr.rrIx aD( Po pIr rcae a 1930 o, oelroI', rcrr IIoIrooocata'
orox< a :r.& olalltlt| I{l IIpeIr B
I:If,
eIIIrp}tril.Ir ey.ltoeIo t{x T0Ilo.
ocao.ro g(:il'frr o l( }lm arrg _ pop rcm,
oopoo' Bo o Iy' ell 3aoopt oo}|o
Ilapoa, aeIoItl eapa, - oe ae ..aoaI
erIII{ Py'n (inoritiitil in Rornfuti''), oyoo
pyltIro x(ypllr .Gneatia Unirii" n L929 o aT' o ri
oo pylo pIr L927 roa' poo ll )I(e
pylt{Ir Ilotll{' rrepaIre, aEoo peytlrue
..}l

elr{{''.

ltr gpr |Z7 o' a Ie, Ireoyrarr, orryo

alrtlt rr 19 oa Komp tloropl|ora a 1930 oy,
occBylCIr opprra, oprro, B opBli allIlo laa afu.
Koe e y t orroalrrrep Ir peIIIr1930 o, a e Iltl
IIpeIr1927 a,eet{o o) py}|IIrKI{I{IloIIK:l,'Bo,
oB rre B oy apoa, aeeo apa.
, eyoHo' e B aK yyo opepoBovle eyIloBaH ae pyo peI,r|92.l oa.

164

A r rreeylo'o 6 po)a:
fo

}rrrr s
e

P-

MorEr

'P.rrG

A](il{lg(Im

l9'

1 4 ,1

25,O

elfr

54,5

5,6

129

rg<rfr

9'5

8'

7,8

r.rarr

2'5

20'

24,O

rerfr

16,9

I,O

5,9

Kay.ld

42,4

t,2

6,5

etd

89,0

1 ,8

1 ,1

Coprd

'16,4

8,9

'7

Xorrfr

48,3

1'o

'5

s1.7

I r,5

9,8

o.
nry3

ypr.

Brpr

ll+.l

porx

r7,0

4,0

t7 ,r

'2

39,1

15,'l

6,6

2,8

1,9

18,5

1,6

16,4

'l

11

44'

r4,4

1 ,8

6,9

2'

'I,'7

0,4

2,9

10,3

o,1

12,6

ll,0

0,2

40,5

1,5

2 |'

12,5
18,0
42,4

8,0

2,5

8,8

3 ,1

x,7

re
mx

am atll Iro, o Apalr ye Ir oo |9,6o

JIaBIr,a pJ ypIilrB' Bel BIx - 39'|o.
Xofi y3 g 483,% aag' pyox ll ypaI, e
TI- ,5o.
g}ra ye r - 32'5 toa'dl,& pycrrx ypaB _
44,3o.
A e r p p:apl{Ba B ppr oAJrlx ouaE,o
ayIIIa ye re paeJlee. Ty e oyf r elr T:loo
op.(a o lrepao ye oorlllre o ypailx I{yx.
<eraro' o eo paJtro ye ra x B}|ocTr Ir EoT ley:
o-epx' oo}ry' o o p:ly o oalo' yptl I{ pyrr
a co :e py pyy' I'r }toa}|;
o-Bopx, oolt{y,To olr x(y Bre olt{tlItlt{a'B o
' a oaalre )rry. fi[gtlll eaI{;
' aKorle B-pe.ltx' - {oy' o pyIll' eJIyeE
.!yoo
ea:' ea, yp epo,I}ryp&e
..pli''.
I{
B oa oex pal }rc pyat{ .pypy
, pe oo, pyr ol aIIeptGoBaIr'K a'

165

yelrIe yKpa' a Ir pyx. A ypaIr lrapo' ayalrI

e ap paTeo, o rrea pyrrx Bae, Bo
oepe, a3B:Ut pyKII{I{Il py xoxll.
xo Too l It{'o o.IIaK yKpalreB o py
e epao ye.
4. , aoe, Bopo o eppTop o.lto AP.
B oo ACCP 572.39 eJroe:l<r!e,lltIx:3o,2
- Ir,toaalr,|2,8o - poI{ aoalroe 5,Io - ypaIre,
aex oIo ao Ko, ea, Aae,
Baeoyo, KpaoH, ep, a Koo pao, Il oeIlI roBeTa B ocaIro aTIr paolroB,
peax pao CCP.
eeeoopa oaee x, To ypax
pafiolro eoeo, B oa ooCCP, By xoT
o, o p olII oao CCP a ye ypaoo
3a, a, aopm, Bo B lIIKox yp)e ox(e y oa oarr oa t. A yoye lvtllopaolrl
I1.
0y tlpeaT paa o CCP.
Ta opao, BoIy po(ee IIpIrpoBoyapBtry)
pay o.ao CCP Taoll Iie:
Teppop oof, CCP .aa paIrIrT epo
oac. paa },texy po CCP oo CCP pxoI{ a eBepo.oo o pe py e)ry aelIllll,tyaI{
oa, oa eo a opoe Moo CCP, aeeHI
yllKo oaeru' oa eo Ha opolr paoli CCP. a
palra T [IapaeIlopee a a eBep e)(y ea
Kopxeyue, oaJr eo Ii Opoepo CCP, Tpa, oTaJr
eo rra opolre oo CCP.
[e p:lliIl llpoxo,lrT )y oott Kapye, KocaTIlIloa, oa eo KocTalroBy Ira erpo-.a oopaBa
a o-Boo B apil }re)I(yea oxopt TIpoo a
opolr Moao CP. .[aee paa lre a Boo poxoT
o.ooIl ea Pya.
ee paIrIIa poxotlT aIro opolr ea aae a Bep I.r
oag eo oopy, o:lB o lra opoe oao CCP'
opaBaa Boo' poxo ex<y Koya oa, ocTa
eo oKlra eppop rao P oeo Koyr a opolr
po CCP, ey :Urer o po lra BooK o pe l[ep,
ogta a eppTop pao P ea: Ceyp Bootuoo,
a o.ao CCP xop Ipoo.

166

oa oyapBri palra oofi CCP e Ha Io o p

o paIrII e oao AP' poxo o palre
lr oao AP, oTaB a TopoII o CCP paol
- a, Ko, ea, Aarre' BaeoyoB'
p Km e oao AP.
G xrrof, pa}r' lrr oo ACCP oype}|a paa oao CCP poxoll Bepx o pee Irp a ep.aa o
aB' (Til o a opoe pao CCP, eo opy
eepe o palrl o pre erp a opoe oao CCP.
,aee palra I{ IIa o-aa, epea otuy tloToy
Tpal{opy opoy KyI-AKepa' oBopaBa a eepo-'
GTll a g.opIie ..oCCP eBepa _ ro rarra a
poe pao CC a e eo Col, &II epearT pKy
Kova, o:l lra oI| oo CCP eo po eBpa
paI{ eo rraopolr o CCP eo pxo )KHoTopolr.
[aee paa lloopaIrae a o.aa, rpeea otuy
ooy rpaHoptly opoy Kayra-ap poxolr y
ea . Bepa eo Toy, oTaB a copoe oao CCP,
a eo a, oTulBeo a opoe pao CCP.
3ae paa oopneT lra eepo-a' o:lB,I IIa epplropIr
oao CCP a eep oT pallIl ea - Tapa, a,
ap, a opoe o CCP a oT palrl e -aa, Tpa'
aya.
oa pal{a oopaae a o-aa' oTa a Topoe
Mao CCP a - Ceee, r, Toa, a opo
pfi CCP a paIr - eJIa oaoa, Hoo-oaoa,
yaxp.
oa parra eT a o-BooK, epea x(eeIry opoy'
Beyy a Aepa, epeaeT py yyuy' poxo B y
KoeTpax o ea o.aa' oa eo a opoe pao
CCP, ae poxoIr Tpex olt{p(o ea a, oTa
eo a opoe Moao CCP.
aee pIrI oBopaBae a o-ooK Boorree ea Aapa'
oa eo a opoe Moao CCP, eae pey ya
lt<eeylo opoy, Beyy a ap.
oa paIrII poxo rra o.Bo' oaJI a eppTop
oao CCP a Ky B Byx oepax trT pal'
pooI| o pIt,toa o.oTo Byx olflpax oT.a Ky,
oa eo a Topoe pao CCP, aJI epea ot
ooy Tpopy opoy Tapyo-alp-y.
t6'l

fiae paa opBae a o-3alra' oa a opoe

oxoil CCP o apr Bx IUIop( o paI. o
pIa nopaae a o, eela ou'tlyto ooBy opoy
a ltr.Tapylo'
CCP ao
oaBJI lra opoe o
lIapu E rTprx rilIo}rpa[ o par{' aJ| rr lro rrpo a
o.aa ea !rra, oaB,I eo lra oPoe pao Ct?,
Jra Ba..ep: a copoe olao CCP.
o palrIla oopaIr a aa' oaB,I eo Hoo.T,
e
lly IIooBy paIIoI|y opy Hoo-T _
l*tpy g at o rrpo lra a s |2 Iroep( r ea HooTtl paa I{e Ira , (TaBJI lra ole oo CCP o

T"
J|spaflIr&e lro poa ' oae a oe Moaoa
CC o ap.oa eJIo Kyefi, epeea orrrreooBe E
P'toptlle opoIl Kye-Hoo.Tpo Ky.aaIl. a
pltt lo)l|e Kye oopaaea 3a poxo IIo paIr
}lsarro KayKoo yeo, o grua peo py'
te .eepIIopKe py paII.Pyef,.
e 3oo llpolm octIoJreIr
y e Jreyly'
oolfi}yeBrlfiry ooopy.
p o: ol]aIt ooliaIro ygaIIoBJIIl paI&r' Ece
aocrl IIy oaalort},r oI{o yKpaIIeB exe
p P' oe)Ka K IpoeI|eIIx pao CCP ,
opo, e eee yKlt poa}r oeo
lryll$,r e Irx oBarl elx ppi,rllA eoil CCP,
oJt pogteElo x oo CCP.

22 uI9,{az'
z.fuIoct
M.pery
P'
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