3900 Series GSM Base Station Technical Description (V100R013 - Draft A)

3900 Series GSM Base Station V100R013
Technical Description
Issue Date Draft A 2011-01-30
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
Copyright Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 2011. All rights reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior written consent of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
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Issue Draft A (2011-01-30)
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3900 Series GSM Base Station Technical Description
About This Document
About This Document
Overview
This document provides information about 3900 series GSM base stations such as system principles, operation and maintenance, clock synchronization schemes, and surge protection specifications, aiming to enable operators to comprehensively understand functions of the 3900 series GSM base stations.
Product Version
The following table lists product versions involved in this document. Product Name BTS3900 GSM (BTS3900 for short) BTS3900A GSM (BTS3900A for short) BTS3900L GSM (BTS3900L for short) DBS3900 GSM (DBS3900 for short) Product Version V100R013 V100R013 V100R013 V100R013
Intended Audience
This document is intended for: l l l Network planners Field engineers System engineers
Organization
1 Changes in the 3900 Series GSM Base Station Technical Description
Issue Draft A (2011-01-30) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Copyright Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. iii
About This Document
This section describes changes in the 3900 Series GSM Base Station Technical Description of each version. 2 Overview 3900 series base stations adopt the cutting-edge modular design for different modes and are managed by various systems. With simple components, they can be installed and deployed easily and fast. With comprehensive functions and remarkable performance, they can meet requirements in various scenarios. In addition, they are diversified by flexibly combining functional modules and auxiliary devices. 3 BTS System Principle The BTS consists of the BBU3900 (BBU for short), RF modules, and the antenna system. Its functional subsystem includes the control system, transport system, monitoring system, RF system, antenna system, and power supply system. 4 Control and Transport Systems The functions of the control and transport systems are provided by the BBU. The control system manages the entire BTS system in a centralized manner, including signaling processing, operation and maintenance, and system clock. The transport system provides physical ports connecting the BTS and the transport network. 5 RF System The functions of the RF system are provided by RF modules including the radio frequency units (RFUs) that are used in macro base stations and remote radio units (RRUs) that are used in distributed base stations. The RF system performs modulation, demodulation, data processing, and combination and division of RF and baseband signals. 6 Antenna System The antenna system consists of antennas, feeders, jumpers, the Tower Mounted Amplifier (TMA), the Bias Tee (BT), and the GSM Antenna and TMA Control Module (GATM). It transmits and receives RF signals. 7 Operation and Maintenance Operation and Maintenance (OM) covers management, monitoring, and maintenance of the software, hardware, and configuration of the BTSs. In addition, diversified OM modes are provided in various scenarios. 8 External Reference Clock Sources The BTS supports multiple external reference clock sources, including the IP reference clock, E1/T1 reference clock, synchronous Ethernet reference clock, BITS reference clock, and GPS/ RGPS reference clock. If a BTS fails to obtain clock signals, it works in free-run mode for a certain period of time. 9 Surge Protection Specifications This section provides surge protection specifications for the BBU, RF modules, and each type of base stations.
Conventions
Symbol Conventions The symbols that may be found in this document are defined as follows.
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About This Document
Symbol
Description Indicates a hazard with a high level of risk, which if not avoided, will result in death or serious injury. Indicates a hazard with a medium or low level of risk, which if not avoided, could result in minor or moderate injury. Indicates a potentially hazardous situation, which if not avoided, could result in equipment damage, data loss, performance degradation, or unexpected results. Indicates a tip that may help you solve a problem or save time. Provides additional information to emphasize or supplement important points of the main text.
General Conventions The general conventions that may be found in this document are defined as follows. Convention Times New Roman Boldface Italic Courier New Description Normal paragraphs are in Times New Roman. Names of files, directories, folders, and users are in boldface. For example, log in as user root. Book titles are in italics. Examples of information displayed on the screen are in Courier New.
Command Conventions The command conventions that may be found in this document are defined as follows. Convention Boldface Italic [] { x | y | ... } [ x | y | ... ] Description The keywords of a command line are in boldface. Command arguments are in italics. Items (keywords or arguments) in brackets [ ] are optional. Optional items are grouped in braces and separated by vertical bars. One item is selected. Optional items are grouped in brackets and separated by vertical bars. One item is selected or no item is selected.
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About This Document
Convention { x | y | ... }*
Description Optional items are grouped in braces and separated by vertical bars. A minimum of one item or a maximum of all items can be selected. Optional items are grouped in brackets and separated by vertical bars. Several items or no item can be selected.
[ x | y | ... ]*
GUI Conventions The GUI conventions that may be found in this document are defined as follows. Convention Boldface > Description Buttons, menus, parameters, tabs, window, and dialog titles are in boldface. For example, click OK. Multi-level menus are in boldface and separated by the ">" signs. For example, choose File > Create > Folder.
Keyboard Operations The keyboard operations that may be found in this document are defined as follows. Format Key Key 1+Key 2 Key 1, Key 2 Description Press the key. For example, press Enter and press Tab. Press the keys concurrently. For example, pressing Ctrl+Alt +A means the three keys should be pressed concurrently. Press the keys in turn. For example, pressing Alt, A means the two keys should be pressed in turn.
Mouse Operations The mouse operations that may be found in this document are defined as follows. Action Click Double-click Drag Description Select and release the primary mouse button without moving the pointer. Press the primary mouse button twice continuously and quickly without moving the pointer. Press and hold the primary mouse button and move the pointer to a certain position.
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vi
Contents
Contents
About This Document...................................................................................................................iii 1 Changes in the 3900 Series GSM Base Station Technical Description............................1-1 2 Overview......................................................................................................................................2-1 3 BTS System Principle................................................................................................................3-1 4 Control and Transport Systems...............................................................................................4-1
4.1 Logical Structure of the BBU..........................................................................................................................4-2 4.2 BBU Transmission Ports.................................................................................................................................4-3 4.3 Transport Network Topologies.......................................................................................................................4-4
5 RF System....................................................................................................................................5-1
5.1 Logical Structure of the RRU3004..................................................................................................................5-3 5.2 Logical Structure of RRU3008.......................................................................................................................5-4 5.3 Logical Structure of the DRFU.......................................................................................................................5-6 5.4 Logical Structure of the GRFU.......................................................................................................................5-8 5.5 RF Cable Connections of the DRFUs.............................................................................................................5-9 5.6 RF Cable Connections of the GRFUs...........................................................................................................5-20 5.7 RF Cable Connections for the Coexistence of the DRFUs and GRFUs.......................................................5-23 5.8 CPRI-Based Topologies................................................................................................................................5-26
6 Antenna System..........................................................................................................................6-1 7 Operation and Maintenance....................................................................................................7-1

7.1 OM Modes of the BTS....................................................................................................................................7-2 7.2 OM Functions of the BTS...............................................................................................................................7-6
8 External Reference Clock Sources...........................................................................................8-1 9 Surge Protection Specifications...............................................................................................9-1
vii
Figures
Figures
Figure 2-1 BSS architecture.................................................................................................................................2-2 Figure 3-1 BTS system principle..........................................................................................................................3-1 Figure 4-1 Logical structure of the BBU..............................................................................................................4-2 Figure 4-2 TDM network topology......................................................................................................................4-5 Figure 4-3 Re-established topology after transmission is disrupted on a ring topology......................................4-6 Figure 4-4 IP network topology........................................................................................................................... 4-7 Figure 4-5 HDLC network topology....................................................................................................................4-8 Figure 5-1 Logical structure of the RRU3004......................................................................................................5-3 Figure 5-2 Logical structure of RRU3008........................................................................................................... 5-5 Figure 5-3 Logical structure of the DRFU...........................................................................................................5-7 Figure 5-4 Logical structure of the GRFU...........................................................................................................5-8 Figure 5-5 Mapping between the RF signal cables and their colors.................................................................... 5-9 Figure 5-6 RF cable connections of S1 (Transmit Independency or Combining/transmit diversity)/S2 (Transmit Independency or Combining)..............................................................................................................................5-11 Figure 5-7 RF cable connections of the DRFU with Transmit Independency or Combining............................5-12 Figure 5-8 RF cable connections of S2 (PBT)/S3 (Transmit Independency or Combining)/S4 (Transmit Independency or Combining)..............................................................................................................................5-14 Figure 5-9 RF cable connections of S3/3 configured with three DRFUs...........................................................5-15 Figure 5-10 RF cable connections of S2 with 4-way RX diversity....................................................................5-16 Figure 5-11 RF cable connections of S2 (transmit diversity)/S4 (transmit independency)...............................5-17 Figure 5-12 RF cable connections of S5 (Transmit Independency or Combining)/S6 (Transmit Independency or Combining)..........................................................................................................................................................5-19 Figure 5-13 RF cable connections of S7 (Transmit Independency or Combining)/S8 (Transmit Independency or Combining)..........................................................................................................................................................5-20 Figure 5-14 Mapping between the RF signal cables and their colors................................................................5-20 Figure 5-15 RF cable connections (1)................................................................................................................5-21 Figure 5-16 RF cable connections (2)................................................................................................................5-22 Figure 5-17 RF cable connections (3)................................................................................................................5-23 Figure 5-18 Mapping between the RF signal cables and their colors................................................................5-24 Figure 5-19 RF cable connections (1)................................................................................................................5-24 Figure 5-20 RF cable connections (2)................................................................................................................5-25 Figure 5-21 RF cable connections (3)................................................................................................................5-26 Figure 5-22 CPRI-based topologies...................................................................................................................5-27 Figure 7-1 Network structure of the OM system................................................................................................. 7-2 Issue Draft A (2011-01-30) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Copyright Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. ix
Tables
Tables
Table 2-1 BTS Types............................................................................................................................................2-2 Table 4-1 Specifications of transmission ports on the GTMU and UTRP boards...............................................4-3 Table 4-2 Usage scenarios and advantages of the four topologies.......................................................................4-6 Table 5-1 Configuration description (1).............................................................................................................5-10 Table 5-2 Configuration description (2).............................................................................................................5-13 Table 5-3 Configuration description (3).............................................................................................................5-14 Table 5-4 Configuration description (4).............................................................................................................5-16 Table 5-5 Configuration description (5).............................................................................................................5-18 Table 5-6 Configuration description (6).............................................................................................................5-19 Table 5-7 Typical configurations of the sending receiving mode......................................................................5-21 Table 5-8 Characteristics of the three topologies...............................................................................................5-28 Table 5-9 Specifications of CPRI ports on the GTMU board............................................................................5-29 Table 5-10 Specifications of CPRI ports on different RF modules....................................................................5-29 Table 7-1 Functions of the BTS OM system........................................................................................................7-3 Table 9-1 Surge protection specifications for the ports on the BTS3900............................................................ 9-1 Table 9-2 Surge protection specifications for the ports on the BTS3900L..........................................................9-2 Table 9-3 Surge protection specifications for the ports on the BTS3900A..........................................................9-2 Table 9-4 Surge protection specifications for the ports on the BBU3900............................................................9-3 Table 9-5 Surge protection specifications for the ports on the RRU3004 or RRU3008 V1................................9-5 Table 9-6 Surge protection specifications for the ports on the DRFU, GRFU, or RRU3008 V2........................9-6
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Changes in the 3900 Series GSM Base Station Technical Description

This section describes changes in the 3900 Series GSM Base Station Technical Description of each version.
Draft A (2011-01-30)
This is the Draft A release of V100R013. Compared with issue 05 (2011-01-20) of V100R012, this issue includes the following new topics: l l l l l l l 2 Overview 3 BTS System Principle 4.2 BBU Transmission Ports 5.3 Logical Structure of the DRFU 5.4 Logical Structure of the GRFU 6 Antenna System 7 Operation and Maintenance
Compared with issue 05 (2011-01-20) of V100R012, this issue incorporates the following changes: Topic 5.8 CPRI-Based Topologies 8 External Reference Clock Sources 9 Surge Protection Specifications Description Specifications of CPRI ports are added and description is optimized. Description about clock sources is modified. Surge protection specifications are updated.
Compared with issue 05 (2011-01-20) of V100R012, this issue excludes the following topics: l DBS3900 Product Family
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l l l l l l l l l l l l l l
System Architecture of the BTS3900 System Architecture of the BTS3900A System Architecture of the BTS3900L DBS3900 Monitoring Schemes BTS3900 Monitoring System BTS3900A Monitoring System BTS3900L Monitoring System Configuration of the BTS3900/BTS3900A Configuration of the BTS3900L Signal Flow of the BTS3900/BTS3900A Signal Flow of the BTS3900L Typical Scenarios of the DBS3900 (with the DC RRU) Typical Scenarios of the DBS3900 (with the AC RRU) Software Structure of the BTS
1-2
2 Overview
2
BTS in the BSS
Overview
3900 series base stations adopt the cutting-edge modular design for different modes and are managed by various systems. With simple components, they can be installed and deployed easily and fast. With comprehensive functions and remarkable performance, they can meet requirements in various scenarios. In addition, they are diversified by flexibly combining functional modules and auxiliary devices.
The base station subsystem (BSS) is made up of the base station controller (BSC) and the base transceiver station (BTS), as shown in Figure 2-1.
2-1
2 Overview
Figure 2-1 BSS architecture
BTS Types
There are four types of BTSs, that is, BTS3900, BTS3900A, BTS3900L, and DBS3900, meeting requirements in various scenarios, as shown in Table 2-1. Table 2-1 BTS Types Nam e BTS 3900 Type Indoo r macro base statio n Application Scenario Indoor installation scenarios where traffic load is heavy, lease cost of equipment room is high, or equipment room is spacelimited. Input Power l -48 V DC l +24 V DC l 220 V AC l 110 V AC Cabinet Combination l Single cabinet l Double cabinet: Two cabinets are installed side by side or two cabinets are stacked. Reference For information about application and configuration, see the BTS3900 GSM Hardware Description.
2-2
2 Overview
Nam e BTS 3900 A
Type Outdo or macro base statio n
Application Scenario Outdoor installation scenarios where wide coverage is required such as cities, suburbs, or rural areas.
Input Power l -48 V DC l 220 V AC l 110 V AC
Cabinet Combination l TMC11H +RFC l APM30H +RFC(+IBBS +TMC11H)
Reference The APM30H is the power cabinet, RFC is the radio frequency cabinet, TMC11H is the transmission cabinet, and IBBS is the battery cabinet. For information about application and configuration, see the BTS3900A GSM Hardware Description. For information about application and configuration, see the BTS3900 GSM Hardware Description.
BTS 3900 L
Indoo r macro base statio n
Indoor installation scenarios with large capacity where traffic load is heavy, lease cost of equipment room is high, or equipment room is space-limited.
-48 V DC
Single cabinet
2-3
2 Overview
Nam e DBS 3900
Type Distri buted base statio n
Application Scenario Outdoor installation scenarios where base station deployment is difficult and wide coverage is required.
Input Power l -48 V DC l +24 V DC l 220 V AC
Cabinet Combination l BBU +APM30H +RRU l BBU +TMC11H +RRU l BBU+19-inch rack+RRU l Indoor wallmounted BBU +RRU l BBU+OMB +RRU l BBU+ICR +RRU l BBU+IMB03 +RRU
Reference The APM30H is the power cabinet, TMC11H is the transmission cabinet, OMB is the outdoor mini box, ICR is the indoor centralized rack, and the IMB03 is the indoor mini box. For information about application and configuration, see the DBS3900 Installation Guide and DBS3900 (ICR) Installation Guide.
2-4
3 BTS System Principle
3
Figure 3-1 BTS system principle
BTS System Principle
The BTS consists of the BBU3900 (BBU for short), RF modules, and the antenna system. Its functional subsystem includes the control system, transport system, monitoring system, RF system, antenna system, and power supply system. Figure 3-1 shows the BTS system principle.
Functions of each system are as follows: l Control system: Manage the entire BTS system in a centralized manner, including operation and maintenance, signaling processing, and system clock. For details, see section 4 Control and Transport Systems. Transport system: Provide physical ports connecting the BTS and the transport network and also provides maintenance channels connecting the BTS and the Operation and
3 BTS System Principle
Maintenance Center (OMC) to enable information exchange between the BTS and the transport network or OMC. For details, see section 4 Control and Transport Systems. l Monitoring system: Collect external alarm information and report the information to the control system. For details, see chapter Monitoring System in the Hardware Description of the corresponding base station type. RF system: Process RF and baseband signals. For details, see section 5 RF System. Antenna system: Receive uplink signals and transmit downlink signals. For details, see section 6 Antenna System. Power supply system: Obtain power from external power supply devices and provide power for other subsystems of the BTS. For details, see chapter Power System in the Hardware Description of the corresponding base station type.
l l l
3-2
4 Control and Transport Systems
4
About This Chapter
Control and Transport Systems
The functions of the control and transport systems are provided by the BBU. The control system manages the entire BTS system in a centralized manner, including signaling processing, operation and maintenance, and system clock. The transport system provides physical ports connecting the BTS and the transport network. 4.1 Logical Structure of the BBU The BBU consists of the main processing unit, BTS interface unit, high-speed interface unit, clock unit, and monitoring unit. 4.2 BBU Transmission Ports The GTMU or UTRP board provides transmission ports to enable information exchange between the BTS and the transport network. 4.3 Transport Network Topologies Transport network topologies include TDM, IP, and High level Data Link Control (HDLC) network topologies. In reality, these topologies are combined to save transmission device costs without deteriorating service quality.
4-1
4.1 Logical Structure of the BBU

The BBU consists of the main processing unit, BTS interface unit, high-speed interface unit, clock unit, and monitoring unit. Figure 4-1 shows the logical structure of the BBU. Figure 4-1 Logical structure of the BBU
The control system consists of the main processing unit while the transport system consists of the BTS interface unit and high-speed interface unit.
Main Processing Unit

The main processing unit manages the entire BTS system in a centralized manner, including operation and maintenance, signaling processing, and system clock. It provides the following functions: l l l l Support such protocols as UART, HDLC, and IP over FE. Control the BTS interface unit to enable communication between the BBU and the BSC. Control the High-speed interface unit to enable communication between the BBU and RF modules. Provide system clock for the BTS and obtain external clock signals.
BTS Interface Unit

The BTS interface unit enables information exchange between the BTS and the transport network by providing the following functions: l l
4-2
Connect the BTS with the BSC. Exchange data between the E1 link and the DBUS.
Synchronize an upper-level clock with a lower-level clock.
High-Speed Interface Unit

The high-speed interface unit enables information exchange between the BBU and RF modules by providing the following functions: l l Receive the uplink baseband data from RF modules. Transmit the downlink baseband data to RF modules.
Clock Unit
The clock unit provides the following functions: l l Provide system clock stemmed from high-precision clock sources for the BTS. Check the phase-locked status, provide phase lock for the software, adjust DA, and generate frame numbers.
Monitoring Unit
The monitoring unit collects external alarms and reports the alarms to the central processing unit.
4.2 BBU Transmission Ports

The GTMU or UTRP board provides transmission ports to enable information exchange between the BTS and the transport network. Table 4-1 provides the specifications of transmission ports on the GTMU and UTRP boards. Table 4-1 Specifications of transmission ports on the GTMU and UTRP boards Transmission Mode TDM over E1/T1 Board GTMU/GTMUb UTRPb4 IP over E1/T1 Transmission over FE optical ports Transmission over FE electrical ports GTMU/GTMUb GTMU/GTMUb GTMU/GTMUb Port 1 1 1 1 1 Capacity 4 ports 4 ports 4 ports 10 Mbit/s or 100 Mbit/s 10 Mbit/s or 100 Mbit/s
NOTE
The GTMU or GTMUb board is a mandatory board while the UTRPb4 board must be configured only when more than four E1s/T1s are required.
4-3
4.3 Transport Network Topologies

Transport network topologies include TDM, IP, and High level Data Link Control (HDLC) network topologies. In reality, these topologies are combined to save transmission device costs without deteriorating service quality.
TDM Network Topology

E1/T1 transmission is adopted for communication between the BTS and the BSC while TDM transmission is adopted on the Abis interface. TDM network topology includes such network topologies as chain, star, tree, and ring, as shown in Figure 4-2.
4-4
Figure 4-2 TDM network topology
Table 4-2 describes usage scenarios and advantages of the preceding four topologies.
4-5
Table 4-2 Usage scenarios and advantages of the four topologies Topology Star Usage Scenario A wild range of areas, especially densely populated areas Advantage l Networking is simple. l Engineering is easy. l Maintenance is easy. l Network capacity expansion is easy. l Transmission reliability is high. Chain Strip areas that are sparsely populated such as areas along highways and railways Areas where network architecture, site distribution, and subscriber distribution are complicated such as an area where large-scale coverage overlaps with hot spot areas or small-scale coverage. A wild range of areas. Because of its self-healing capability, this topology is recommended when a route is available. This topology helps reduce expenditure on transmission device, engineering, and leased transmission cables. Compared with the star topology, this topology requires fewer transmission cables.
Tree
Ring
A ring topology can automatically split into two chains if transmission is disrupted at a breakpoint and base stations before and after the breakpoint can still function properly. This improves the system robustness. As shown in Figure 4-3, transmission is disrupted at B. Before disruption, BTSs 0, 1, and 2 are connected in a clockwise direction, forming a ring topology. After disruption, transmission is normal at BTS 0 and BTSs 1 and 2 form a chain topology with BTS 2 being the upperlevel base station.
Figure 4-3 Re-established topology after transmission is disrupted on a ring topology
4-6
IP Network Topology
FE transmission is adopted for communication between the BTS and the BSC while IP transmission is adopted on the Abis interface. IP network topology includes layer 2 and layer 3 network topologies, as shown in Figure 4-4. Figure 4-4 IP network topology
HDLC Network Topology

E1/T1 transmission is adopted for communication between the BTS and the BSC while HDLC transmission is adopted on the Abis interface. HDLC network topology includes such network topologies as chain, star, and ring, as shown in Figure 4-5.
4-7
Figure 4-5 HDLC network topology
4-8
5 RF System
5
About This Chapter
RF System
The functions of the RF system are provided by RF modules including the radio frequency units (RFUs) that are used in macro base stations and remote radio units (RRUs) that are used in distributed base stations. The RF system performs modulation, demodulation, data processing, and combination and division of RF and baseband signals. 5.1 Logical Structure of the RRU3004 An RRU3004 module consists of the high-speed interface unit, signal processing unit, power amplifier (PA), dual duplexer, and low noise amplifier (LNA). 5.2 Logical Structure of RRU3008 RRU3008 consists of the main control and high-speed interface unit, signal processing unit, power amplifier (PA), dual duplexer, low noise amplifier (LNA), and RX. 5.3 Logical Structure of the DRFU An DRFU module consists of the high-speed interface unit, signal processing unit, power amplifier (PA), and dual-duplexer. 5.4 Logical Structure of the GRFU An GRFU module consists of the high-speed interface unit, signal processing unit, power amplifier (PA), and duplexer. 5.5 RF Cable Connections of the DRFUs One end of the RF jumper is connected to the RF port on the DRFU, and the other end is connected to the feeder. You can determine the appropriate RF ports based on the actual networking modes. 5.6 RF Cable Connections of the GRFUs One end of the RF jumper is connected to the RF port on the GRFU, and the other end is connected to the feeder. You can determine the appropriate RF ports based on the actual networking modes. 5.7 RF Cable Connections for the Coexistence of the DRFUs and GRFUs One end of the RF jumper is connected to the RF port on the RFU, and the other end is connected to the feeder. You can determine the appropriate RF ports based on the actual networking modes. 5.8 CPRI-Based Topologies
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5 RF System
Multiple CPRI-based topologies such as chain, star, and ring are supported for communication between BBUs and RF modules.
5-2
5 RF System
5.1 Logical Structure of the RRU3004

An RRU3004 module consists of the high-speed interface unit, signal processing unit, power amplifier (PA), dual duplexer, and low noise amplifier (LNA). Figure 5-1 shows the logical structure of the RRU3004. Figure 5-1 Logical structure of the RRU3004
RXM_OUT: RRU RX main output for cascaded RRU RXM_IN: RRU RX diversity input for cascaded RRU modules modules

The high-speed interface unit performs the following functions: l l l Receives downlink data from the upper-level equipment, such as the BBU. Transmits uplink data to the upper-level equipment, such as the BBU. Transfers data between cascaded RRU modules through the CPRI ports.
Signal Processing Unit

The signal processing unit consists of two uplink RX channels, two downlink TX channels, and a control module. The signal processing unit processes baseband signals and RF signals. Major functions of an uplink receive channel are as follows: l l Convert received signals into intermediate frequency analog signals by performing downconversion. Convert intermediate frequency analog signals into digital signals by using an Analog Digit Converter (ADC).
5 RF System
l l l l
Process intermediate frequency digital signals. Match filtering. Provide a Digital Automatic Gain Control (DAGC). Pack data.
Major functions of a downlink transmit channel are as follows: l l l l Unpack signals that are transmitted from the BBU including clock, control, and data signals. Then, transmit unpacked signals to specified units. Combine and filter multiple routes of signals. Convert digital signals into analog signals by using a Digit Analog Converter (DAC). Then, perform Inphase and Quadrature (IQ) modulation. Convert RF signals into signals that can be transmitted in transmit frequency bands by performing up-conversion.
The control module performs the following functions: l l l l Initializes and loads the RRU. Collects alarm information and reports the board status. Receives configuration commands from the BBU and performs configuration management of other modules. Operates and maintains the RRU.
PA
PA amplifies power of multi-carrier and low-power RF signals that are sent from the signal processing unit.
Dual Duplexer
The dual duplexer has the following major functions: l l Provide a function that multiplexes received and transmitted signals on an RF channel. By doing this, the signals are multiplexed on one antenna channel. Filter signals.
LNA
LNA performs low noise amplification on signals received by antennas.
5.2 Logical Structure of RRU3008

RRU3008 consists of the main control and high-speed interface unit, signal processing unit, power amplifier (PA), dual duplexer, low noise amplifier (LNA), and RX. Figure 5-2 shows the logical structure of RRU3008.
5-4
5 RF System
Figure 5-2 Logical structure of RRU3008
RXM_OUT: It is a main receive output port and used for RXD_IN: It is a receive diversity input port and used RRU cascading. for RRU cascading.
Main Control and High-Speed Interface Unit

This unit has the following major functions: l l l l l l l Receive data from the BBU. Send data to the BBU. Transfer data transmitted from cascaded RRUs by using CPRI ports. Initialize RRU configurations and load RRU software. Collect alarms and report board status. Execute configuration commands sent from the BBU and perform configuration management on other units of an RRU. Operate and maintain RRUs.

This unit includes two uplink receive channels, two downlink transmit channels, a feedback channel, and a GSM baseband signal processing unit. It mainly processes RF signals and GSM baseband signals. Major functions of an uplink receive channel are as follows: l l l l Convert received signals into intermediate frequency analog signals by performing downconversion. Convert intermediate frequency analog signals into digital signals by using an Analog Digit Converter (ADC). Process intermediate frequency digital signals. Match filtering.
5 RF System
l l
Provide a Digital Automatic Gain Control (DAGC). Pack data.
Major functions of a downlink transmit channel are as follows: l l l l Unpack signals that are transmitted from the BBU including clock, control, and data signals. Then, transmit unpacked signals to specified units. Combine and filter multiple routes of signals. Convert digital signals into analog signals by using a Digit Analog Converter (DAC). Then, perform Inphase and Quadrature (IQ) modulation. Convert RF signals into signals that can be transmitted in transmit frequency bands by performing up-conversion.
The GSM baseband signal processing unit has the following major functions: l l Receive demodulating and decoding codes. Encode, modulate, and shape and filter the downlink signals.
PA
PA amplifies power of multi-carrier and low-power RF signals that are sent from the signal processing unit.
Dual Duplexer
The dual duplexer has the following major functions: l l Provide a function that multiplexes received and transmitted signals on an RF channel. By doing this, the signals are multiplexed on one antenna channel. Filter signals.
LNA
LNA performs low noise amplification on signals received by antennas.
RX
RX converts signals sent from the LNA into intermediate frequency analog signals by performing down-conversion. Then, it amplifies the intermediate frequency analog signals. Finally, it sends the signals to the ADC.
5.3 Logical Structure of the DRFU

An DRFU module consists of the high-speed interface unit, signal processing unit, power amplifier (PA), and dual-duplexer. Figure 5-3 shows the logical structure of the DRFU.
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5 RF System
Figure 5-3 Logical structure of the DRFU

The High-speed interface unit has the following functions: l l Transmits the signals received from the BBU to the signal processing unit Transmits the signals received from the signal processing unit to the BBU

The signal processing unit consists of two UL RX channels and two DL TX channels. The UL RX channel has the following functions: l l l l l l l Performs down-conversion of the RF signals to IF signals Amplifies the IF signals and performs IQ demodulation Performs analog-to-digital conversion through the ADC Samples digital signals Performs matched filtering Performs Digital Automatic Gain Control (DAGC) Encapsulates data
The DL TX channel has the following functions: l l l l Processes the clock signals, control signals, and data signals from the BBU and sends them to associated units Shapes and filters DL signals Performs digital-to-analog conversion through the DAC and performs IQ modulation Performs up-conversion of RF signals to the transmit band
PA
The power amplifier amplifies the low-power RF signals from the signal processing unit.
5 RF System
Dual-Duplexer
The dual-duplexer has the following functions: l l l Multiplexes the RX signals and TX signals Enables RX signals and TX signals to share one antenna channel Filters RX signals and TX signals
5.4 Logical Structure of the GRFU

An GRFU module consists of the high-speed interface unit, signal processing unit, power amplifier (PA), and duplexer. Figure 5-4 shows the logical structure of the GRFU. Figure 5-4 Logical structure of the GRFU

The High-speed interface unit has the following functions: l l Transmits the signals received from the BBU to the signal processing unit Transmits the signals received from the signal processing unit to the BBU

The signal processing unit consists of two UL RX channels and one DL TX channel. The UL RX channel has the following functions: l l l l
5-8
Performs down-conversion of the RF signals to IF signals Amplifies the IF signals and performs IQ demodulation Performs analog-to-digital conversion through the ADC Samples digital signals
5 RF System
l l l
Performs matched filtering Performs Digital Automatic Gain Control (DAGC) Encapsulates data
The DL TX channel has the following functions: l l l l Processes the clock signals, control signals, and data signals from the BBU and sends them to associated units Shapes and filters DL signals Performs digital-to-analog conversion through the DAC and performs IQ modulation Performs up-conversion of RF signals to the transmit band
PA
The power amplifier amplifies the low-power RF signals from the signal processing unit.
Duplexer
The duplexer has the following functions: l l l Multiplexes the RX signals and TX signals Enables RX signals and TX signals to share one antenna channel Filters RX signals and TX signals
5.5 RF Cable Connections of the DRFUs

One end of the RF jumper is connected to the RF port on the DRFU, and the other end is connected to the feeder. You can determine the appropriate RF ports based on the actual networking modes.
NOTE
The DRFU is categorized into the DRFU GSM900 and DRFU GSM1800. The cable connections of the two types are all the same. This section takes the DRFU GSM900 as an example.
RF Cable Connections
l l The TX/RX mode and Sending Receiving Mode described in the following list are set on the BSC side. The RF cables differ from each other in colors. Figure 5-5 shows the mapping between the RF signal cables and their colors. Figure 5-5 Mapping between the RF signal cables and their colors
5-9
5 RF System
S1 with Transmit Independency or Combining, S1 with Transmit Diversity, and S2 with Transmit Independency or Combining
The S1 with Transmit Independency or Combining, S1 with transmit diversity, and S2 with Transmit Independency or Combining use the configuration of one DRFU and one dualpolarized antenna. Table 5-1 describes the related configurations. Table 5-1 Configuration description (1) Networking Configuration S1, Transmit Independency or Combining S1, Transmit Diversity S2, Transmit Independency or Combining Transmit mode Transmit Independency or Combining Transmit Diversity Transmit Independency or Combining Sending Receiving Mode Double Feeder (2TX + 2RX) Double Feeder (2TX + 2RX) Double Feeder (2TX + 2RX) Hardware Configuration l One DRFU l One dualpolarized antenna
Figure 5-6 shows cable connections.
5-10
5 RF System
Figure 5-6 RF cable connections of S1 (Transmit Independency or Combining/transmit diversity)/S2 (Transmit Independency or Combining)
The other available Sending Receiving Mode for the DRFU with Transmit Independency or Combining are Single Feeder (1TX + 1RX), Double Feeder (1TX + 1RX), and Double Feeder (1TX + 2RX). The transmit mode is Transmit Independency or Combining. Figure 5-7 shows cable connections.
5-11
5 RF System
Figure 5-7 RF cable connections of the DRFU with Transmit Independency or Combining
5-12
5 RF System
S2 with PBT, S3 with Transmit Independency or Combining, and S4 with Transmit Independency or Combining
The S2 with PBT, S3 with Transmit Independency or Combining, and S4 with Transmit Independency or Combining use the configuration of two DRFUs and one dual-polarized antenna. Table 5-2 describes the related configurations. Table 5-2 Configuration description (2) Networking Configuration S2, PBT S3, Transmit Independency or Combining S4, Transmit Independency or Combining Transmit mode PBT Transmit Independency or Combining Transmit Independency or Combining Sending Receiving Mode Single Feeder (1TX + 2RX) Single Feeder (1TX + 2RX) Single Feeder (1TX + 2RX) Hardware Configuration l Two DRFUs l One dualpolarized antenna
5-13
5 RF System
Figure 5-8 RF cable connections of S2 (PBT)/S3 (Transmit Independency or Combining)/S4 (Transmit Independency or Combining)
The S3/3 with Transmit Independency or Combining uses three DRFUs and two dual-polarized antennas. Table 5-3 describes the related configurations. Table 5-3 Configuration description (3) Networking Configuration S3/3, Transmit Independency or Combining Transmit mode Transmit Independency or Combining Sending Receiving Mode l DRFU0: Single Feeder (1TX + 2RX) l DRFU1: Double Feeder (2TX + 4RX) l DRFU2: Single Feeder (1TX + 2RX) Hardware Configuration l Three DRFUs l Two dualpolarized antennas

5-14 Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Copyright Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Issue Draft A (2011-01-30)
5 RF System
Figure 5-9 RF cable connections of S3/3 configured with three DRFUs
S2 with 4-Way RX Diversity

The S2 with 4-way RX diversity uses two DRFUs and two dual-polarized antennas. The typical configurations are as follows: l l Set the receive mode to 4-Way Receive Diversity. Set the sending receiving mode to Double Feeder (2TX + 4RX).
5-15
5 RF System
Figure 5-10 RF cable connections of S2 with 4-way RX diversity
S2 with Transmit Diversity and S4 with Transmit Independency

The S2 with transmit diversity and S4 with transmit independency use the configuration of two DRFUs and two dual-polarized antennas. Table 5-4 describes the related configurations. Table 5-4 Configuration description (4) Networking Configuration S2, Transmit Diversity S4, Transmit Independency Transmit mode Transmit Diversity Transmit Independency or Combining Sending Receiving Mode Double Feeder (2TX + 2RX) Double Feeder (2TX + 2RX) Hardware Configuration l Two DRFUs l Two dualpolarized antennas

5 RF System
Figure 5-11 RF cable connections of S2 (transmit diversity)/S4 (transmit independency)
S5 with Transmit Independency or Combining and S6 with Transmit Independency or Combining

The S5 with Transmit Independency or Combining and S6 with Transmit Independency or Combining use the configuration of three DRFUs and two dual-polarized antennas. Table 5-5 describes the related configurations.
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5 RF System
Table 5-5 Configuration description (5) Networking Configuration S5, Transmit Independency or Combining Transmit mode Transmit Independency or Combining Sending Receiving Mode l DRFU0: Single Feeder (1TX + 2RX) l DRFU1: Single Feeder (1TX + 2RX) l DRFU2: Double Feeder (2TX + 2RX) S6, Transmit Independency or Combining Transmit Independency or Combining l DRFU0: Single Feeder (1TX + 2RX) l DRFU1: Single Feeder (1TX + 2RX) l DRFU2: Double Feeder (2TX + 2RX) Hardware Configuration l Three DRFUs l Two dualpolarized antennas
5-18
5 RF System
Figure 5-12 RF cable connections of S5 (Transmit Independency or Combining)/S6 (Transmit Independency or Combining)
S7 with Transmit Independency or Combining and S8 with Transmit Independency or Combining

The S7 with Transmit Independency or Combining and S8 with Transmit Independency or Combining use the configuration of four DRFUs and two dual-polarized antennas. Table 5-6 describes the related configurations. Table 5-6 Configuration description (6) Networking Configuration S7, Transmit Independency or Combining S8, Transmit Independency or Combining Transmit mode Transmit Independency or Combining Transmit Independency or Combining Sending Receiving Mode Single Feeder (1TX + 2RX) Single Feeder (1TX + 2RX) Hardware Configuration l Four DRFUs l Two dualpolarized antennas
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Figure 5-13 shows cable connections. Figure 5-13 RF cable connections of S7 (Transmit Independency or Combining)/S8 (Transmit Independency or Combining)
5.6 RF Cable Connections of the GRFUs

One end of the RF jumper is connected to the RF port on the GRFU, and the other end is connected to the feeder. You can determine the appropriate RF ports based on the actual networking modes.
The RF cables differ from each other in colors. Figure 5-14 shows the mapping between the RF signal cables and their colors. Figure 5-14 Mapping between the RF signal cables and their colors
5-20
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The Sending Receiving Mode of the GRFU is set on the BSC side. Table 5-7 describes the typical configurations of the Sending Receiving Mode for the GRFU. Table 5-7 Typical configurations of the sending receiving mode GRFU Configuration Single module Two interconnected modules Sending Receiving Mode Double Feeder (1TX + 2RX) Single Feeder (1TX + 2RX)
The other available Sending Receiving Mode for the GRFU are Single Feeder (1TX + 1RX) and Double Feeder (1TX + 1RX). Figure 5-15 shows cable connections. Figure 5-15 RF cable connections (1)
Cell Configuration with a Single GRFU

When a dual-polarized antenna is configured, one TX channel and two RX channels are used. The ANT_RXB and ANT_TX/RXA ports receive the signals from the antenna to achieve RX diversity.
5 RF System
Figure 5-16 shows cable connections. Figure 5-16 RF cable connections (2)
Cell Configuration with Two GRFUs

The ANT_TX/RXA port on each GRFU supports the receiving and transmitting of signals. Two GRFUs provide RX signals for each other through the RF interconnection ports. Thus, the RX diversity is implemented. Figure 5-17 shows cable connections.
5-22
5 RF System
Figure 5-17 RF cable connections (3)
5.7 RF Cable Connections for the Coexistence of the DRFUs and GRFUs
One end of the RF jumper is connected to the RF port on the RFU, and the other end is connected to the feeder. You can determine the appropriate RF ports based on the actual networking modes.
NOTE
The DRFU is categorized into the DRFU GSM900 and DRFU GSM1800. The cable connections of the two types are all the same. This section takes the DRFU GSM900 as an example.
The RF cables differ from each other in colors. Figure 5-18 shows the mapping between the RF signal cables and their colors.
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5 RF System
Figure 5-18 Mapping between the RF signal cables and their colors
Single Antenna System Configured With One DRFU and One GRFU
When a DRFU and a GRFU share a dual-polarized antenna, the typical configuration of the Sending Receiving Mode for the DRFU and GRFU is as follows: l l The DRFU is configured with Single Feeder (1TX + 2RX). The GRFU is configured with Single Feeder (1TX + 2RX).
ANT
EX T-ALM1
EX T -ALM0
MON1
MON0
GTMU
TX0
RX0
CPRI0
TX1
RX1
TX2
RX2
CPRI2 TX3
RX3
TX4
RX4
CPRI4 TX5
RX5
LIU0 LIU2
CPRI1 TX RX
CPRI3
CPRI5
LIU1 LIU3
RUN ALM AC T USB TS T E1/T1 RS T
UPEU T -ALM1 EX
EX T -ALM0
MON1
MON0
ETH
FE0
FE1
PWR
RUN
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5 RF System
Double Antenna Systems Configured with One DRFU and One GRFU
When a DRFU and a GRFU share two dual-polarized antennas, the typical configuration of the Sending Receiving Mode for the DRFU and GRFU is as follows: l l The DRFU is configured with Double Feeder (2TX + 2RX). The GRFU is configured with Double Feeder (1TX + 2RX).
Double Antenna Systems Configured with Two DRFUs and One GRFU
When two DRFUs and a GRFU share two dual-polarized antennas, the typical configuration of the Sending Receiving Mode for the DRFUs and GRFU is as follows:
5 RF System
l l
The DRFUs are configured with Single Feeder (1TX + 2RX). The GRFU is configured with Double Feeder (1TX + 2RX).
5.8 CPRI-Based Topologies

Multiple CPRI-based topologies such as chain, star, and ring are supported for communication between BBUs and RF modules.
Topologies
Figure 5-22 shows CPRI-based topologies supported for communication between BBUs and RF modules.
5 RF System
Figure 5-22 CPRI-based topologies
NOTE
RXU in the preceding figure indicates an RFU or RRU.
Table 5-8 describes characteristics of the three topologies in the preceding figure.
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5 RF System
Table 5-8 Characteristics of the three topologies Topo logy Chain Advantage The transmission equipment cost is low. Disadvantage l The number of cascading levels in a chain and the cascading distance are restricted. l Faults in an upper-level RF module may affect lower-level RF modules. Star l Installation and maintenance are easy. l Transmission reliability is high. When an RF module or optical cable is faulty, only one sector is affected. Ring Transmission reliability is guaranteed. Compared with other topologies, this topology requires large number of optical cables. Remarks l This topology is applicable to scenarios where capacity is large. l RFUs and RRUs cannot be cascaded.
This topology is applicable to scenarios where capacity is small.
l The number of cascading levels in a chain and the cascading distance are restricted. l Faults in an upper-level RRU may affect lowerlevel RRUs.
l Only RRUs can be used in the ring topology. l The ring topology is implemented by adding a redundant chain to a chain topology.
Based on the distance between a BBU and an RRU, CPRI networking is classified into shortdistance remote networking and long-distance remote networking. l l For the short-distance remote networking, the longest distance between an RRU and a BBU on a CPRI chain does not exceed 100 m. For the long-distance remote networking, the longest distance between an RRU and a BBU on a CPRI chain ranges from 100 m to 40,000 m.
Different CPRI optical cables are used in the two types of networking. For details, see chapter CPRI Optical Cable in the BBU3900 Hardware Description.
CPRI Interface Specifications

Table 5-9 lists the specifications of CPRI ports on the GTMU board.
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5 RF System
Table 5-9 Specifications of CPRI ports on the GTMU board Board Number of CPRI Ports 6 6 Data Rate Topology Number of Supported TRXs 36 36
GTMU GTMUb
1.25 (Gbit/ s) 1.25/2.5 (Gbit/s)
Star, chain, or ring Star, chain, or ring
Table 5-10 lists the specifications of CPRI ports on different RF modules. Table 5-10 Specifications of CPRI ports on different RF modules RF Module Numb er of CPRI Ports Data Rate Topology Number of Carriers Supported Cascadi ng Levels Maxi mum Dista nce from the BBU 40 km 40 km
DRFU GRFU RRU300 4 RRU300 8
2 2 2 2
1.25 (Gbit/s) 1.25 (Gbit/s) 1.25 (Gbit/s) 1.25 (Gbit/s)
Star or chain Star or chain Star, chain, or ring Star, chain, or ring
2 6 2 6
3 levels 2 levels 6 levels 6 levels
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6 Antenna System
6
Antenna
Antenna System
The antenna system consists of antennas, feeders, jumpers, the Tower Mounted Amplifier (TMA), the Bias Tee (BT), and the GSM Antenna and TMA Control Module (GATM). It transmits and receives RF signals.
Antennas are used to radiate and receive radio waves. The working principle of antennas is as follows: RF signals output from a radio transmitter are transmitted to antennas over feeders. After receiving the signals, the antennas transmit them to a destination in the form of electromagnetic waves. At the destination, antennas receive the electromagnetic waves, convert them into RF signals, and transmit the signals to a radio transmitter over feeders. A remote control (RC) can control the downtilt of the remote electric tilt (RET) antennas remotely.
Feeders and Jumpers

Feeders and jumpers are used to transmit RF signals between antennas and radio transmitters at minimum loss.
TMA
The TMA is a low noise amplifier that is installed close to antennas. One end of the TMA is connected to an antenna port on an RF module while the other end is connected to antennas. By amplifying weak signals received by antennas, the TMA helps improve receive sensitivity of the BTS, expand the uplink coverage, and lower transmit power of MSs.
BT
The BT couples the On-Off-Keying (OOK) signals or RF signals into the passive components of feeders.
GATM
The GATM must be configured if the DRFU, RET antennas, and TMA are configured. Functions of the GATM are as follows: l l Control RET antennas. Feed power to the TMA.
6 Antenna System
l l
Report RET control alarms. Monitor the current designated for the TMA.
6-2
7 Operation and Maintenance
7
About This Chapter
Operation and Maintenance
Operation and Maintenance (OM) covers management, monitoring, and maintenance of the software, hardware, and configuration of the BTSs. In addition, diversified OM modes are provided in various scenarios. 7.1 OM Modes of the BTS The OM modes of the BTS consist of the Site Maintenance Terminal mode, Local Maintenance Terminal mode, and centralized network management mode. 7.2 OM Functions of the BTS The OM functions of the BTS consist of equipment management, software management, configuration management, service management, performance management, security management, alarm management, and environment monitoring.
7-1
7.1 OM Modes of the BTS

The OM modes of the BTS consist of the Site Maintenance Terminal mode, Local Maintenance Terminal mode, and centralized network management mode. Figure 7-1 shows the components of the BTS OM system. Figure 7-1 Network structure of the OM system
You can maintain the BTS in the following modes: l Site Maintenance Terminal mode: The Site Maintenance Terminal is locally connected to the BTS through the Ethernet. You can use the Site Maintenance Terminal to operate and maintain the site, cell, Radio Carrier (RC), Baseband Transceiver (BT), channel, and board. In this mode, only one BTS can be maintained at a time. LMT mode: The LMT is used to maintain the BTS through the OM links on the Abis interface, which is an interface between the BSC and the BTS. The LMT communicates with the BSC through a LAN. You can use the LMT to operate and maintain the site, cell, RC, channel, and board. This mode is used in configuring and modifying the data of the BSC and BTS. Centralized network management mode: The Huawei iManager M2000 is used to maintain the BTS through the BSC. The M2000 can operate and maintain the site, cell, channel, and board. In this mode, multiple BTSs can be maintained at a time.
Table 7-1 lists the functions of the BTS OM system.
7-2
Table 7-1 Functions of the BTS OM system Maintenance Object Maintenance Items for the Site Maintenance Terminal Viewing resources Performing site Opstart Testing the RF specifications Providing site management rights Forcibly loading software Activating software Resetting a site hierarchically Testing sites Monitoring environment Testing transport performance Querying the ring topology parameters Querying the bar codes Querying alarm delay time Managing the site board parameters Providing the optical transmission board command console Testing the E1 BER Managing the RET antenna Maintenance Items for the LMT Maintenance Items for the M2000 Managing the reporting of performance data Managing NE users Monitoring NE status Centralizing user management Monitoring NE performance Monitoring NEs in real time Viewing file information of NEs
Maintaining sites
Downloading the BTS software Configuring the BTS software Loading the BTS software Activating NodeB software Querying BTS running status Querying BTS attributes Resetting BTSs hierarchically Browsing the BTS initialization progress Querying the software version running on the BTS Testing the BTS Monitoring BTS resources Monitoring environment Viewing BTS logs Testing transport performance Performing the BTS hard reset Providing the optical transmission board command console Querying the temperature in the equipment room Maintaining the ring network
7-3
Maintenance Object
Maintenance Items for the Site Maintenance Terminal Managing cell attributes Managing cell extended attributes Performing cell Opstart Performing cell performance tests Modifying the administrative state of the cell
Maintenance Items for the LMT
Maintenance Items for the M2000 Viewing the statistics of the cell distribution Viewing the basic configuration of the cell Viewing the configuration of the CCH of a cell Viewing neighbor cells Monitoring the configuration of an object Collecting the alarms of the monitored object Blocking/unblocking cells
Maintaining cells
Modifying the administrative state Performing force handovers Sending cell system messages Querying frequency scanning Configuring frequency scanning
Maintaining BT
Performing BT Opstart Re-Initializing a BT Setting the TRX full power emission Modifying the administrative state of the BT Performing BT tests Viewing the channel status
7-4
Maintenance Object
Maintenance Items for the Site Maintenance Terminal Managing RC attributes Managing RC extended attributes Performing RC Opstart Re-Initializing an RC Modifying the administrative state of the RC Viewing the automatic power correction type Obtaining the power mode of the RC
Maintenance Items for the M2000 -
Maintaining RC
Modifying the administrative state Testing the RC performance Viewing the power mode of the RC Viewing the automatic power correction type Conducting loopback tests on the RC Testing idle timeslots Testing codec modes Resetting RCs Controlling the RC power
Maintaining channels
Managing channel attributes Performing channel Opstart Modifying the administrative state of the channel Performing loopback tests
Modifying the administrative state Monitoring the channel status Monitoring the channel interference band Performing the loopback test on a channel Testing the channel performance
Viewing the basic configuration of the cell Viewing the configuration of the CCH of a cell
7-5
Maintenance Object
Maintenance Items for the Site Maintenance Terminal Configuring racks Configuring boards Managing boards
Maintenance Items for the M2000 Viewing NE board reports Querying inventory data
Maintaining boards
Querying the software version running on the board Querying the matching of boards Querying bar codes of boards Querying board information Maintaining clocks Resetting boards Performing switchover of boards Querying the power module status Resetting smoke alarms Managing batteries Setting/Querying power module parameters Performing the loopback test on board communication links Querying the cavity state and the cavity frequency Setting the TMA feeder Resetting the auxiliary equipment Maintaining the RET antenna
7.2 OM Functions of the BTS

The OM functions of the BTS consist of equipment management, software management, configuration management, service management, performance management, security management, alarm management, and environment monitoring.
Equipment Management
Provides the query function for the status of all the components (boards/modules) and all the external devices (power supply/environment monitoring/RET). You can also perform data configuration and status management for some devices.
Software Management
Provides various functions, such as downloading and activating the BTS software, upgrading patches, and loading and downloading files. The associated tasks involve consistency check on the software and hardware releases, release management, and software upgrade.
Configuration Management
l l l Checks whether the added, deleted, or changed BTS data is consistent with the actual situation. Supports automatic data backup. Supports dynamic and static data configuration. In dynamic data configuration, the data immediately takes effect after modification; in static data configuration, the modified data takes effect after the BTS is reset.
Service Management
l l Supports parameter setting and alarm query for the baseband boards and environment monitoring devices. Supports complete self-test on hardware installation. The BTS software can be upgraded through the software package saved in the USB disk; thus, shortening the upgrade period. In addition, the local commissioning is not required.
Performance Management
l l l Monitors the performance of the internal and external telecommunications networks and generates alarms when the performance deteriorates. Monitors the operating status of the BTS, such as monitors the traffic volume on the ports and measures the technical data of the BTS. Monitors the usage of key components in the board, such as the CPU and DSP.
Security Management
Provides security management functions, such as connection management, user authentication, encryption, and forward and backward resolution of the interface messages between the BTS software and the OMC.
Alarm Management
l l l l l Supports query of real-time alarms and history alarms Collects internal and external alarms, such as the environment monitoring device inputs and Boolean inputs Processes alarm correlation to ensure precision and accuracy in locating alarms Provides functions of saving, interpreting, prompting, shielding, filtering, confirming, clearing, post processing, and reporting of alarms Provides functions of detecting and reporting alarms, and processing alarm correlation in the system
Environment Monitoring
l Provides a perfect environment monitoring system.
Provides monitoring solutions regarding, for example, door control, infrared, smoke, water immersion, and temperature, according to users' requirements.
7-8
8 External Reference Clock Sources
8
IP Reference Clock
External Reference Clock Sources
The BTS supports multiple external reference clock sources, including the IP reference clock, E1/T1 reference clock, synchronous Ethernet reference clock, BITS reference clock, and GPS/ RGPS reference clock. If a BTS fails to obtain clock signals, it works in free-run mode for a certain period of time.
When a BTS works in IP over FE mode, it obtains clock signals from an IP reference clock. In this case, an IP clock server must be configured. The server sends the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) packets carrying reference clock information to the BTS. After receiving the packets, the BTS interprets clock signals from the packets and then synchronizes its clock system.
E1/T1 Reference Clock

The BBU obtains clock signals from an E1/T1 port. Then, the BBU performs frequency division, phase locking, and phase adjustment on the clock module to export 2 MHz and 8 kHz clock signals for bit synchronization and frame synchronization. An E1/T1 reference clock obtains clock signals from the BSC or transport network. The BTS can obtain clock signals from the BSC using an E1/T1 port. If the BTS adopts IP transmission mode but an IP reference clock is unavailable, the BTS uses an E1/T1 port to obtain clock signals from the transport network.
Synchronous Ethernet Reference Clock

When the BTS works in IP over FE mode and the transport network supports the synchronous Ethernet reference clock, the BTS obtains Ethernet clock signals from the transport network.
BITS Reference Clock

When the BBU is configured with the USCU board, the GTMU board obtains external BITS clock signals from the USCU board.
GPS/RGPS Reference Clock

When the BBU is configured with the USCU board, the GTMU board obtains external GPS/ RGPS clock signals from the USCU board.
8 External Reference Clock Sources
Free-Run Clock
In the absence of external clocks, the internal free-run clock ensures that the BTS keeps working properly for at least ninety days.
8-2
9 Surge Protection Specifications
9
NOTE
Surge Protection Specifications
This section provides surge protection specifications for the BBU, RF modules, and each type of base stations.
l Unless otherwise specified, the surge protection specifications depend on the surge waveform of 8/20 s. l All the surge current items, unless otherwise specified as Maximum discharge current, refer to Nominal discharge current.
Surge protection specifications for the ports on the BTS3900

Table 9-1 lists the surge protection specifications for the ports on the BTS3900. Table 9-1 Surge protection specifications for the ports on the BTS3900 Port DC power supply port Surge Protection Mode Surge Differential mode Common mode AC power supply port Surge Differential mode Common mode Surge current Differential mode Common mode Specification 2 kV (1.2/50 s) 4 kV (1.2/50 s) 2 kV (1.2/50 s) 4 kV (1.2/50 s) 5 kA 5 kA
Surge protection specifications for the ports on the BTS3900L

Table 9-2 describes the surge protection specifications for the ports on the BTS3900L.
Table 9-2 Surge protection specifications for the ports on the BTS3900L Port DC power supply port Surge Protection Mode Surge Differential mode Common mode Specification 2 kV (1.2/50 s) 4 kV (1.2/50 s)
Surge protection specifications for the ports on the BTS3900A

Table 9-3 describes the surge protection specifications for the ports on the BTS3900A. Table 9-3 Surge protection specifications for the ports on the BTS3900A Port Applicati on Scenario All scenarios Surge Protection Mode Specification
-48 V DC output remote port
Surge current
Differential mode Common mode
10 kA 20 kA 2 kV (1.2/50 s) 4 kV (1.2/50 s) 10 kA 20 kA 2 kV (1.2/50 s) 4 kV (1.2/50 s) 3 kA 5 kA 2 kV (1.2/50 s) 4 kV (1.2/50 s)
-48 V DC input port
Transmissi on cabinets, battery cabinets, or the BTS3900 A (DC) is used. Only RFC cabinets are used.
Surge
Surge current
Surge
Surge current
AC power supply port
Remote outdoors or completely outdoors
Surge
9-2
Port
Applicati on Scenario
Surge Protection Mode
Specification
Surge current
40 kA 40 kA
Surge protection specifications for the ports on the BBU3900

Table 9-4 describes the surge protection specifications for the ports on the BBU3900. Table 9-4 Surge protection specifications for the ports on the BBU3900 Port Applicati on Scenario Indoors Surge Protection Mode Specification
-48 V DC port 24 V DC port FE/GE port
2 kV (1.2/50 s) 4 kV (1.2/50 s) 2 kV (1.2/50 s) 4 kV (1.2/50 s) 0.5 kV (1.2/50 s) 2 kV (1.2/50 s) 1 kV (1.2/50 s) 2 kV (1.2/50 s) 1 kA per line 6 kA (8 lines) 250 A 8 kA 40 kA 250 A
Indoors
Indoors
Surge
Surge current
GPS port
Onboard surge Surge protector configured
Differential mode Differential mode Common mode Differential mode
RGPS port
Remote outdoors or
Onboard surge
9-3
Port
Applicati on Scenario completely outdoors
Surge Protection Mode
Specification
Common mode Surge protection module configured Differential mode Common mode Differential mode Common mode
250 A 3 kA 5 kA 250 A 250 A 3 kA 5 kA 250 A 3 kA 5 kA 250 A 250 A 3 kA 5 kA
E1/T1 port
Indoors
Onboard surge
Remote outdoors or completely outdoors Dry contact Indoors Remote outdoors or completely outdoors RS485 port Indoors
Surge protection box configured Onboard surge Surge protection board configured Onboard surge
Differential mode Common mode Differential mode Differential mode Common mode Differential mode Common mode
Surge protection board configured
Surge protection specifications for the ports on RF modules

Table 9-5 describes the surge protection specifications for the ports on the RRU3004 or RRU3008 V1.
9-4
Table 9-5 Surge protection specifications for the ports on the RRU3004 or RRU3008 V1 Port DC power supply port Applicatio n Scenario All scenarios Surge Protection Mode Surge Differential mode Common mode Surge current Differential mode Common mode AC power supply port Indoors Surge Differential mode Common mode Surge current Differential mode Common mode Remote outdoors or completely outdoors Surge Differential mode Common mode Surge current Differential mode Common mode Antenna port All scenarios Surge current Differential mode Common mode CPRI port RGPS port All scenarios All scenarios Surge Surge current Differential mode Common mode AISG RET antenna port All scenarios Surge current Differential mode Specification 2 kV (1.2/50 s) 4 kV (1.2/50 s) 10 kA 20 kA 2 kV (1.2/50 s) 4 kV (1.2/50 s) 5 kA 5 kA 2 kV (1.2/50 s) 4 kV (1.2/50 s) 40 kA 40 kA 8 kA 40 kA 250 A 3 kA 5 kA 3 kA
9-5
Port
Applicatio n Scenario
Surge Protection Mode Common mode
Specification 5 kA 250 A 250 A 250 A
Dry contact or RS485 port
All scenarios
Surge current
I2C port on a local power monitoring device and alarm port
Batteries under monitoring and RRUs are installed back to back or the distance between them is shorter than 1 m.
Surge
Table 9-6 describes the surge protection specifications for the ports on the DRFU, GRFU, or RRU3008 V2. Table 9-6 Surge protection specifications for the ports on the DRFU, GRFU, or RRU3008 V2 Port DC power supply port Applicatio n Scenario All scenarios Surge Protection Mode Surge Differential mode Common mode Surge current Differential mode Common mode AC power supply port Indoors Surge Differential mode Common mode Surge current Differential mode Specification 2 kV (1.2/50 s) 4 kV (1.2/50 s) 10 kA 20 kA 2 kV (1.2/50 s) 4 kV (1.2/50 s) 5 kA
9-6
Port
Applicatio n Scenario
Surge Protection Mode Common mode
Specification 5 kA 2 kV (1.2/50 s) 4 kV (1.2/50 s) 40 kA 40 kA 8 kA 40 kA 250 A
Surge
Surge current
Antenna port
All scenarios
Surge current
CPRI port RGPS port
All scenarios All scenarios
Surge Surge current Differential mode Common mode
3 kA 5 kA 3 kA 5 kA 3 kA 5 kA 250 A
RET antenna port
All scenarios
Surge current
Dry contact or RS485 port
All scenarios
Surge current
I2C port on a local power monitoring device and alarm port
Batteries under monitoring and RRUs are installed back to back or the distance between them is shorter than 1 m.
Surge
9-7
9-8

3900 Series GSM Base Station Technical Description (V100R013 - Draft A)

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3900 Series GSM Base Station Technical Description (V100R013 - Draft A)

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3900 Series GSM Base Station V100R013

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

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Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

Issue Draft A (2011-01-30)

Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Copyright Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.