MC LC

LI NI U................................................................................................................................4 S ra i v pht trin ca mng Internet lm nh hng ti tt c cc lnh vc ca i sng kinh t, x hi. Trong , kinh t b tc ng mnh m hn c. Nhng ng dng ca Cng ngh thng tin, s pht trin ca khoa hc my tnh v mc ph rng khp ca mng ton cu Internet l mt c hi v cng l thch thc ln cho bt k doanh nghip no hot ng trong thi i k thut s.....................................................................................4 Chng 1........................................................................................................................................6 GII THIU ASP.........................................................................................................................6 1.1 Gii thiu ngn ng lp trnh web ng ASP...................................................................6 1.2 Web Server IIS.....................................................................................................................9 1.3 Ci t v chy ng dng ASP u tin..........................................................................10 1.3.1 Cu hnh cho Website trn IIS......................................................................................10 1.3.2 Vit cc file ASP...........................................................................................................12 1.3.3 Dng trnh duyt truy cp website................................................................................12 1.4 Tm tt cc c php VBScript.........................................................................................15 1.4.1 Response.write..............................................................................................................16 1.4.2 Bin...............................................................................................................................16 1.4.3 Mng.............................................................................................................................17 1.4.4 Ghp chui....................................................................................................................17 1.4.5 Hm c sn....................................................................................................................17 1.4.5.1 Cc hm chuyn i kiu.......................................................................................18 1.4.5.2 Cc hm format......................................................................................................18 1.4.5.3 Cc hm ton hc:..................................................................................................18 1.4.5.4 Cc hm thao tc vi chui....................................................................................19 1.4.5.5 Cc hm ngy thng...............................................................................................20 1.4.5.6 Cc hm kim tra:..................................................................................................20 1.4.6 R nhnh.......................................................................................................................20 1.4.6.1 If.............................................................................................................................20 1.4.6.2 Select case ... else ...End select..............................................................................21 1.4.7 Lp:...............................................................................................................................21 1.4.7.1 ForNext..............................................................................................................21 1.4.7.2 Do WhileLoop...................................................................................................21 1.4.7.3 While .. Wend........................................................................................................22 1.4.7.4 Do .. Loop Until.....................................................................................................22 1.4.8 iu kin and ,or, not....................................................................................................22 1.4.9 Th tc v hm ngi dng..........................................................................................22 1.4.9.1 Th tc...................................................................................................................23 1.4.9.2 Hm........................................................................................................................24 1.4.10 S dng #include........................................................................................................26 1.5 Cc i tng cn bn.......................................................................................................26 1.5.1 i tng Request........................................................................................................27 1.5.1.1 Request.QueryString..............................................................................................27 1.5.1.2 Request.Form.........................................................................................................28 1.5.2 Response.......................................................................................................................29 1.5.2.1 Response.Write......................................................................................................29 1.5.2.2 Response.Redirect..................................................................................................29 1.5.2.3 Response.End.........................................................................................................29 1.5.3 i tng Session.........................................................................................................30 1.5.4 i tng Application..................................................................................................31 1.5.5 File Global.asa..............................................................................................................32 1.5.6 i tng Dictionary....................................................................................................35 1

1.5.7 i tng Server...........................................................................................................35 1.5.7.1 Server.CreateObject...............................................................................................35 1.5.7.2 Server.Mappath......................................................................................................36 1.6 S dng Database vi ASP..............................................................................................36 1.6.1 Cc c php cn bn truy xut d liu t DB..........................................................36 1.6.1.1 La chn................................................................................................................37 1.6.1.2 Thm d liu vo bng..........................................................................................37 1.6.1.3 Sa d liu.............................................................................................................37 1.6.1.4 Xo d liu.............................................................................................................37 1.6.2 i tng Connection...................................................................................................37 1.6.3 i tng Recordset.....................................................................................................38 1.6.4 Thm sa xa d liu trong DB:...................................................................................41 1.6.4 Phn trang.....................................................................................................................43 1.6.5 Tm kim d liu trong database..................................................................................44 Chng 2......................................................................................................................................47 MT S TIN CH TRONG ASP............................................................................................47 2.1 Registration........................................................................................................................47 2.2 Login v Logout.................................................................................................................50 2.3 Qun l User.......................................................................................................................52 2.4 Qun l Product.................................................................................................................57 2.5 Shopping cart.....................................................................................................................60 2.6 S dng ting Vit trong ASP...........................................................................................64 2.6.1 Bng m Unicode..........................................................................................................64 2.6.2 M ha UTF-8..............................................................................................................65 2.6.3 CodePage v Charset....................................................................................................65 2.6.4 Lp trnh ting Vit vi ASP:.......................................................................................66 Chng 3......................................................................................................................................69 PHN TCH, THIT K V PHT TRIN CC NG DNG KINH T DA TRN NN ASP......................................................................................................................................69 3.1. H thng qun l hot ng kinh doanh........................................................................69 3.1.1. Qun l ni dung doanh nghip...................................................................................69 3.1.2. Qun l quan h khch hng (CRM)...........................................................................70 3.1.3. Qun l d n.............................................................................................................73 3.2. H thng Marketing in t............................................................................................79 3.2.1. Chin lc Marketing in t .....................................................................................79 3.2.1.1. Chin lc sn phm ...........................................................................................79 3.2.1.2. Chin lc gi.......................................................................................................84 3.2.1.3. Chin lc phn phi............................................................................................86 3.2.2. Marketing E mail (http://inova.vn/quang-cao-qua-email-marketing) .....................88 3.2.3. Marketing SMS (http://inova.vn/inova-sms-sender-phan-mem-gui-tin-nhan-dienthoai-hang-loat)......................................................................................................................90 3.2.4. M hnh 4P v Internet Marketing...............................................................................94 3.2.5. Marketing Mobile .....................................................................................................100 3.2.6. Social Media Marketing l g? SMM ? .....................................................................104 3.3. Giao dch in t.............................................................................................................107 3.3.1. An ton d liu trong thanh ton in t...................................................................107 3.3.2. Chun quc t v chng ch s v ng dng trong bo mt giao dch in t..........111 3.4. Mt s ng dng kinh t in hnh da trn ASP.......................................................114 3.4.1. Cng ngh BizTalk Server v ng dng trong quy trnh kinh doanh .......................114 3.4.3.1. Tng quan v Gii php Microsoft Biztalk Server.............................................114 3.4.3.2. Cng ngh truyn thng ip trong Microsoft Biztalk Server............................116 3.4.3.3. S dng BizTalkServerAdministration Console................................................120 2

Cc thnh phn ca Biztalk Server..................................................................................121 Kt ni cc h thng........................................................................................................124 Qu trnh nhn v gi thng ip....................................................................................124 Microsoft BizTalk Server 2010 bao gm cc adapter sau y:.......................................125 Qu trnh x l thng ip: Pipeline...............................................................................125 3.4.3.4 Tch hp ng dng doanh nghip........................................................................126 iii) Kin trc Biztalk Server.............................................................................................128 3.4.2. Ngn hng in t (E-Banking).................................................................................129 3.4.2.1. Ngn hng in t l g?.....................................................................................129 3.4.2.2 Cc dch v ngn hng trc tuyn.......................................................................130 a. H thng thanh ton in t ti cc im bn (EFTPOS)................................................130 b. My rt tin ng( Automatic Machines ATM)...........................................................130 c. Dch v ngn hng qua in thoi (telephone banking)..................................................131 d. Dch v ngn hng ti nh (Home banking hoc PC banking)........................................131 e. Dch v ngn hng qua mng my tnh ton cu(Internet banking)................................131 f. Dch v ngn hng qua v tuyn truyn hnh tng tc (Interactive TV)........................133 g. Dch v ngn hng qua mng vin thng khng dy (wireless communications network) hay mobile banking..............................................................................................................134 3.4.2.3. Cc phng tin thanh ton in t....................................................................134 a. Th thanh ton ...............................................................................................................134 b. Chuyn khon in t (EFT)...........................................................................................135 c. Chuyn tin in t ti a im bn hng (EFTPOS)....................................................136 d. Sc in t.......................................................................................................................137 e. V tin in t..................................................................................................................139 f. Tin mt in t (e-cash)..................................................................................................139 g. Hi phiu in t.............................................................................................................141 TI LIU THAM KHO.........................................................................................................142

LI NI U S ra i v pht trin ca mng Internet lm nh hng ti tt c cc lnh vc ca i sng kinh t, x hi. Trong , kinh t b tc ng mnh m hn c. Nhng ng dng ca Cng ngh thng tin, s pht trin ca khoa hc my tnh v mc ph rng khp ca mng ton cu Internet l mt c hi v cng l thch thc ln cho bt k doanh nghip no hot ng trong thi i k thut s. Nh vy, nghin cu v pht trin ng dng da trn nn web s l hng i ng vi xu th chung ca thi i. Mng Internet l cu ni a sn phm, dch v ca doanh nghip, t chc ti tay khch hng m khng h phn bit khch hng l t u v c th cng cp hng ha, dch v bt c thi gian no khch hng cn. Nhng hot ng ni b doanh nghip cng s c kt ni chung thng quan mng Internet hay mng ni b doanh nghip. Vn c nhn ha trong cung cp sn phm, dch v s thun tin hn nh s dng my tnh c nhn ni mng Internet. Thm vo , chung ta cn c th mua bn, trao i v thc hin truyn thng qung co thng qua mng Internet. lm vic c trn nn Internet chng ta cn phi bit v nhng h thng v hot ng ca website. Xy dng v qun tr website l yu t quyt nh thnh cng trong hot ng kinh doanh thi i Internet. Hin nay, s dng cng c ASP cho vic pht trin v lp trnh website rt ph bin v em li hiu qu r rt. Gio trnh Pht trin ng dng da trn nn web c bin son, nhm cung cp cho ngi hc nhng kin thc c bn v chuyn su v Internet v ng dng kinh t da tn nn web. Tc gi cng s gii thiu vi c gi nhng k thut c bn v ASP phc v cho vic thit k nhng ng dng da trn nn web. Gio trnh gm 3 chng: Chng 1, 2 i su tm hiu v ASP; Chng 3 i su vo mng phn tch v thit k nhng ng dng v xy
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dng chng s dng ASP. Cui chng c gii thiu mt s ng dng in hnh trong hot ng kinh t hin nay. Trong qu trnh bin son, chc chn cun gio trnh ny khng trnh khi nhng thiu st. Nhm bin son rt mong nhn c nhng kin ng gp t pha cc thy c giao v cc em sinh vin. Gp , phn hi xin gi v: Khoa H thng thng tin Kinh t - Trng i hc Cng ngh thng tin v Truyn thng H Thi Nguyn. Gmail: Hethongthongtinkinhte.ictu@gmail.com Trn trng cm n ! Thi Nguyn, thng 08 nm 2011 Tc gi

Chng 1 GII THIU ASP Mc tiu

Gii thiu ngn ng ASP Ci t v chy ng dng ASP trn server IIS Cc c php cn bn VBScript Cc i tng c sn Thao tc vi Database trong ASP

1.1 Gii thiu ngn ng lp trnh web ng ASP Cc website thu ban u ch bao gm cc trang web tnh di dng cc file HTML, tt c nhng g cn hin th trn trang web th ngi thit k phi to sn trn trang . Cc trang web tnh c ui l .htm hoc .html Chng hn mun to mt trang web c hin th ch Hello vi mu ch ngi ta vit file index.html vi ni dung nh sau: <html> <head> <title>index</title> </head> <body> <p><font color="red">Hello</font></p> </body> </html> Trang web sau s c lu trn Web Server. Khi ngi dng mun xem trang web ny h s dng trnh duyt gi mt yu
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cu n server bng cch g vo a ch URL v d : http://localhost/index.html Lc ny Web Server nhn c yu cu s tm trong kho d liu ca n trang web index.html tng ng ri gi v cho client, sau trang web ny s c hin th ra bi trnh duyt. l cch hot ng ca web tnh.

Hnh 1.1 Cch hot ng ca web tnh Trang web tnh tuy rt tin li nhng khng th p ng c mi nhu cu ca ng dng web, c bit l nhng yu cu tng tc gia client v web server. C nhiu tnh hung m ni dung trang web khng phi lc no cng c th son tho v lu tr sn c m i khi n cn c sinh ra mt cch t ng ty thuc vo ng cnh; hoc c nhng x l phc tp hn vic server ch n gin tr v trang html khi nhn c yu cu t ngi dng, v d nh phi thu thp thng tin m ngi dng gi ln qua URL hay form, hoc truy cp d liu trong database. Ly v d nu chng ta mun xy dng mt trang web Login.htm yu cu ngi s dng nhp tn username, sau khi submit web server s gi v ngi dng trang web Result.html c ni dung : Welcome username!

D dng thy rng trang Result.htm khng th son tho sn c v ng vi mi username m ngi dng nhp vo, trang ny c ni dung khc nhau.

Hnh 1.2: Trang Result.html Ngha l cc trang web tnh khng c kh nng tng tc vi ngi dng. Trong thc t c rt nhiu trng hp chng ta thng gp trong th gii web i hi s tng tc m web tnh khng th gii quyt c ( chat, forums, web mail, trang tin tc, gi hng, thng tin thi tit tng ngy, t gi ngoi t hng ngy) gii quyt vn ny ngi ta s dng cc ngn ng lp trnh web h tr s tng tc gia client v server. Chng l nhng file c cha cc m lp trnh, c th to ra cc trang web ng, cho php tr v cho client trang web c ni dung c th thay i mt cch linh ng ng vi nhng ng cnh c th, thu thp v phn hi vi thng tin m ngi dng gi ln server (thng qua form hay URL), truy cp d liu trong database... Mt s ngn ng lp trnh web ng ph bin gm ASP, PHP, Java, .net ... ASP (Active Server Pages) l ngn ng lp trnh web c vit bi hng Microsoft, rt ph bin trn h iu hnh Microsoft Windows. Cc trang web vit bng ngn ng ny c phn m rng
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l .asp (v d HelloWorld.asp) thay v .htm hay .html. Ni dung file ASP v c bn rt ging file Html bnh thng, n bao gm cc c php html trn ln cc m lp trnh ASP (cn gi l cc script, c vit bng VBScript hay JavaScript). Cc Script trong ASP thc thi trn server. C th ni trang ASP l s kt hp cc th html, cc script v cc ActiveX Component. Script c th trn ln gia cc th html v nm trong cp du <% %>. 1.2 Web Server IIS Thng thng ngi ta dng ASP vi Web Server c tn l Internet Information Services (IIS) ca Microsoft. y l thnh phn c sn trong h iu hnh Windows 2000 hoc XP. Nu my tnh cha ci t th chng ta c th vo: Control Panel => Add/remove programs=>Add/remove Windows Components=>Internet Information Services (IIS) v chn ci t thnh phn ny

Hnh 2.2: Ci t IIS 1.3 Ci t v chy ng dng ASP u tin bt u chy mt website vit bng ngn ng ASP u tin chng ta thc hin cc bc sau: Ci t web server IIS ( phn trn) v start IIS. Cu hnh cho website bng cch to Virtual Directory trn Web Server Vit cc file ASP v save vo th mc c cu hnh cho website trn Server Dng trnh duyt (nh Internet Explorer) trn client yu cu file ASP v hin th kt qu tr v. 1.3.1 Cu hnh cho Website trn IIS Sau khi start IIS mc nh web server s phc v a ch http://localhost.. Chng ta to mt th mc o (Virtual Directory) trn web server cha ng dng web, v d http://localhost/test y test cn c gi l Alias ca Virtual Directory ny. Vy lu tr
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cc trang ASP trn server trc ht ta s to mt Virtual Directory vi mt Alias v th mc tng ng ri upload cc file ASP vo th mc ny, sau truy cp cc trang ASP ny thng qua a ch http://localhost/Alias. Cch to mt Virtual Directory trong IIS: Vo Web Server t Control Panel=> Administrative Tools=>Internet Services Manager (hoc Computer Management)=> Default Website (nu thy n ang stop th start n ln) => New=> Virtual Directory (lm theo wizard, chn cc tham s Alias: tn Virtual Directory ca mnh v d test, Directory: th mc cha Website v d C:\Web).

Hnh 1.4 To Virtual Directory trn IIS Sau khi kt thc wizard ny chng ta c mt Virtual Directory sn sng trn web server. Hy save cc trang asp vo th mc c:\Web. a ch truy cp vo website trong trng hp ny s l: http://localhost/test/. Mt cch khc cng tng t v d thao tc hn l nhn chut phi vo th mc C:\web, chn Properties => Web sharing => Share this folder=> Add Alias.

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1.3.2 Vit cc file ASP Script c vit trong cp th <%%>, bt u bng th m <% v kt thc bng th ng %> Chng ta c th son trang ASP bng bt c chng trnh son tho no nh notepad, Frontpage, Dreamweaver... V d, to 1 file Hello.asp hin th li cho Hello ra mn hnh, save vo th mc c:\Web <html> <head> <title>New Page 1</title> </head> <body> <% response.write "Hello!"Hin th li cho Hello %> </body> </html> Cu lnh response.write s cho php hin th mt chui ra trang web. Ch thch trong lp trnh ASP c vit sau du nhy n M lp trnh ASP <%response.write "Hello!" %> c vit trn ln gia cc th HTML. 1.3.3 Dng trnh duyt truy cp website M trnh duyt (v d Internet Explorer), trn thanh a ch g a ch sau y truy cp vo trang Asp ta to ra: http://localhost/test/Hello.asp
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Lu l trang asp phi chy trn web server ch khng th open trc tip vi browser nh cc trang html. Webserver x l nh th no khi ngi dng yu cu mt trang ASP: Khng ging nh html, khi ngi dng yu cu 1 trang html, web server s tm trong kho d liu v tr v file html browser hin th li pha client. Khi ngi dng yu cu 1 trang Asp, IIS server s chuyn trang ASP cho mt b phn x l gi l ASP engine. Engine s c m ngun file asp theo tng dng, thc thi cc script trong file. Cui cng file ASP c tr v cho ngi dng di dng mt trang html thun ty (khng cn m script) ging nh trang web tnh. Nu chng ta xem li m ngun ca trang ny trn browser th c th thy nhng on code asp trong file c dch thnh cc d liu html bnh thng.

Hnh 1.5 ASP engine x l file asp trc khi tr v cho browser

Hnh 1.6: Trang ASP sau khi thc thi tr v cho client di dng 1 trang web
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By gi chng ta quay li bi ton Login trn. Ta c th son tho mt trang Login.html v mt trang Result.asp nh sau: Login.html <html> <head> <title>New Page 1</title> </head> <body> <form method="POST" action="Result.asp"> <p>Username: <input type="text" name="username" ></p> <p><input type="submit" value="Submit" name="submit"></p> </form> </body> </html> Result.asp <html> <head> <title>New Page 1</title> </head> <body> <% dim x x=request.form("username") 'bin x nhn li gi tr username t form login response.write "Hello "&x'hin th ni dung ty theo gi tr nhn c do ngi dng in vo form
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%> </body> </html> Mt s v d khc: Hin th ngy gi ca server <html> <head> <title>New Page 2</title> </head> <body> <%response.write Now%> </body> </html> Kt qu: 7/5/2005 12:21:57 PM Hin th nm v thng: <% response.write "Year: "&year(now) response.write "Month:"&month(now) %> Kt qu: Year: 2005 Month:7 1.4 Tm tt cc c php VBScript M lnh ASP c th vit bng VBScript hoc JavaScript (c thm ti liu v ngn ng ny). Cc script ca ASP thc thi trn server v nm trong cp du <% %>. Bn trong c th cha cc biu thc, hm, ton t, lnh hp l ca ngn ng Script tng ng. y chng ta tm hiu vn tt cch s dng ASP lp trnh web ng bng VBScript.
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1.4.1 Response.write gi ni dung v cho trnh duyt ta dng lnh Response.write <%response.write Hello World!%> hoc c th vit ngn gn hn <%=Hello World!%> 1.4.2 Bin Bin dng lu tr thng tin. Bin c phm vi cc b, nu n c khai bo bn trong 1 hm hay th tc th n ch c tc dng trong hm hay th tc , nu n khai bo trong phm vi ton trang ASP th tc dng ca n s c phm vi trong ton trang ASP, tuy nhin khng c tc dng trong trang ASP khc. V d trang Hello.asp ta c mt bin x c gi tr l 3, trang Index.asp ta dng lnh <%response.write x %> th s khng ra kt qa l 3 v bin x ca trang Hello.asp khng c hiu trong trang Index.asp. Tng t nh vy khi mt bin c khai bo trong 1 hm, s khng c tc dng bn ngoi hm . Bin c khai bo v s dng bn trong trang asp no dng n. <% Dim x %> Bin khng bt buc phi khai bo. Trong asp khng khai bo kiu ca bin. Asp s cn c vo vic s dng bin m quyt nh xem nn x l bin nh l kiu g. <%Dim a, b
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khai bo bin, khng bt buc x=3

Response.write x

a=Hello

a l mt bin kiu chui

For b=1 to 10b l mt bin kiu s nguyn Response.write b Next%> c th kim sot chnh xc mt bin theo kiu mnh mong mun, chng ta dng cc hm chuyn i kiu. nh ngha mt bin c phm vi s dng trong nhiu trang ASP ca ng dng Web, ta dng bin session v application (xem i tng session v application) 1.4.3 Mng Mng dng lu tr d liu theo mt dy cc phn t. <% dim y(5)khai bo mng 6 phn t nh ch s t 0 n 5 y(0)=2 y(1)=13 response.write y(0) response.write y(1) %> 1.4.4 Ghp chui ghp cc chui vi nhau ta dng du & <%Dim a, b A=Cng ha x hi ch ngha Vit Nam B=c lp T do Hnh phc Response.write a&b %> 1.4.5 Hm c sn VBScript h tr sn mt s hm c bn. V d hm nowsau y s tr v thi gian trn server <%response.write now%>
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1.4.5.1 Cc hm chuyn i kiu Cc hm ny cho php chuyn i kiu d liu Cdate: Chuyn sang kiu ngy thng <%Dim a, b a=22/1/2004a ang c hiu l mt chui b=Cdate(a) chuyn chui a sang ng kiu ngy thng %> Cint: Chuyn sang kiu Integer <% Dim a,b a=3 b=cint(a) %> Cstr: Chuyn sang kiu string <% Dim a,b a=3 b=Cstr(a) %> Cc hm khc : Cbyte, Cdbl,CSng, Cbool, Ccur, 1.4.5.2 Cc hm format Cc hm ny cho php nh dng d liu FormatDateTime FormatCurrency FormatNumber FormatPercent 1.4.5.3 Cc hm ton hc: Int: ly phn nguyn ca mt s <% Dim x=14.9 Y=Int(x) kt qu y=14 %> Cc hm khc : Abs, Atn, Cos, Exp, Fix, Hex, Log, Oct, Rnd, Randomize, Round, Sin, Sqr, Tan

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1.4.5.4 Cc hm thao tc vi chui Len: Ly chiu di chui <%dim a,b a=Cng ha x hi ch ngha Vit Nam b=len(a) %> Ucase, Lcase: Chuyn ch hoa thnh ch thng v ngc li <%dim a,b,c,d a=hello b=Ucase(a) c=GOODBYE d=Lcase(c) d=goodbye %> Ltrim, Rtrim, Trim: ct b cc khong trng tha <% dim a,b,c,d,e,f a= Hello b=Ltrim(a) c=Hello ct b ht cc khong trng bn tri b=HELLO

d=Rtrim(a) ct b ht cc khong trng bn phi e= Hello world f=Trim(a)ct b ht cc khong trng tha 2 bn v gia %> Left, Mid, Right: Ly mt chui con trong chui ln <%Dim a,b,c,d a=Hello World b=left(a,5) ly 5 k t bn tri ca a, kt qu b=Hello c=right(a,5) ly 5 k t bn phi ca a, kt qu c=World d=mid(a,7,1) ly 1 k t ca a t v tr th 7, kt qu d=W %> Cc hm khc: StrReverse,StrComp,InStr,Replace,Split,join Space,String,
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1.4.5.5 Cc hm ngy thng Date, Time, Now: Ly ngy, gi hin hnh trn server <% Response.write Hom nay la ngay: &Date Date tr v ngy hin hnh Response.write Bay gio la&Time Time tr v gi hin hnh Response.write NowNow tr v ngy v gi hin hnh %> Cc hm khc:DateAdd, DateDiff, DatePart, Year, Month, Day, Weekday, Hour, Minute, Second 1.4.5.6 Cc hm kim tra: Cc hm ny cho php kim tra kiu ca bin v biu thc Isdate: Kim tra c phi ng kiu ngy thng khng? <%Dim a a=1/1/2004 If Isdate(a) then Response.write a ng l kiu ngy thng End if %> IsNumeric: Kim tra c phi ng kiu s khng? <%Dim a A=13 If IsNumeric(a) then Response.write a ng l kiu s End if %> Cc hm khc: IsArray,IsEmpty,IsNull,IsObject 1.4.6 R nhnh 1.4.6.1 If Chng ta s dng if theo c php nh v d sau: <% h=hour(now) If h >12 then Response.write Afternoon else
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Response.write Morning End if %> Hoc: <% h=hour(now) If h >12 then Response.write "Afternoon" else Response.write "Morning" %> 1.4.6.2 Select case ... else ...End select Cu trc r nhnh trong trng hp c nhiu hn 2 la chn <% h=hour(now) Select case h Case "1" Response.write "1 am" Case "2" Response.write "2 am" Case else Response.write "Other " End select %> 1.4.7 Lp: 1.4.7.1 ForNext Vng lp c s ln lp xc nh <%Dim i For i=1 to 10 Response.write i Next %> 1.4.7.2 Do WhileLoop Vng lp c s ln lp khng xc nh <% Dim i i=1 Do while i<=10 Response.write i i=i+1 Loop
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%> 1.4.7.3 While .. Wend Vng lp c s ln lp khng xc nh <% Dim i i=1 While i<=10 Response.write i i=i+1 Wend %> 1.4.7.4 Do .. Loop Until Vng lp c s ln lp khng xc nh <% i=1 do response.write i i=i+1 loop Until i>10 %> 1.4.8 iu kin and ,or, not <% h=hour(now) If (h >12) and (h<18) then Response.write Afternoon End if %> 1.4.9 Th tc v hm ngi dng Cng nh cc ngn ng lp trnh khc, VBScript cho php ngi dng nh ngha v s dng cc th tc ,hm. Nh vy chng trnh c th chia thnh cc module nh to nn cu trc lp trnh sng sa (phng php chia tr) Chng hn vi mt bi ton ASP cn thc hin vic hin th d liu t Database ra mn hnh, ta c th xy dng cc th tc hay hm thc hin tng nhim v :
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- Th tc KetNoi - Th tc HienThi - Th tc HuyKetNoi Nh vy phn chng trnh chnh s rt sng sa, chng ta ch vic gi 3 th tc: <% KetNoi HienThi HuyKetNoi %> 1.4.9.1 Th tc Th tc thc hin mt nhm cc cu lnh. vit mt th tc chng ta theo cu trc sau: <%Sub TenThuTuc(Tham so) Phn thn ca th tc End Sub %> V d sau y xy dng chng trnh ng nhp gm 2 file: Form.asp (hin th form ngi dng nhp username v password), Xulyform.asp (x l form, nu username=test v password=test th thng bo ng nhp thnh cng, nu khng th thng bo ng nhp tht bi). File Xulyform.asp s vit th tc v gi th tc ny: Form.asp <html> <body> <form method="post" action="xulyform.asp"> <input type="text" name="user"> <input type="password" name="pass"> <input type="submit" name="submit">
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</form> </body> </html> Xulyform.asp <%Sub CheckUser(username,password) if (username<>"test") or (password response.write "Dang nhap that bai!" else response.write "Dang nhap thanh cong!" end if End Sub %> <% dim a, b a=request.form("user") b=request.form("pass") CheckUser a,b %> 1.4.9.2 Hm Hm khc vi th tc l n tr v mt kt qu. vit mt hm chng ta vit theo cu trc sau: <%Function TenFunction(tham so) Phn ni dung ca hm End Function %> Ch trong ni dung ca hm bao gi cng phi c mt lnh tr v kt qu: TenFunction=... Vi bi ton ng nhp trn chng ta c th vit li nh sau : (file xulyform.asp dng hm)
24

<>

"test")

then

gi th tc

Form.asp <html> <body> <form method="post" action="xulyform.asp"> <input type="text" name="user"> <input type="password" name="pass"> <input type="submit" name="submit"> </form> </body> </html> Xulyform.asp <%Function CheckUser(username,password) if (username<>"test") or (password <> "test") then CheckUser="False" else CheckUser="True" end if End Function %> <% dim a a=CheckUser(request.form("user"),request.form("pass")) hm if a="True" then response.write "Dang nhap thanh cong" else response.write "Dang nhap that bai" end if %> gi

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1.4.10 S dng #include Trong trng hp mun trn m ngun t 1 file asp vo 1 file asp khc trc khi server thc thi n, ngi ta dng th nh hng #include vi c php <!--#include file=Tenfile--> Mt s ng dng ca #include nh ngi ta thng include file cha cc hm th vin dng chung cho c ng dng vo u file Asp no cn s dng th vin ny, hoc insert cc file Header v Footer cho 1 trang web, insert cc thnh phn c s dng chung trong nhiu file asp nh menu,... V d trong ng dng ASP c nhiu trang cn thao tc vi database, chng ta s vit ring module thao tc vi database ra mt file myConnection.asp, ri include file ny vo trang asp no mun thao tc vi database <!--#include file=myConnection.asp"--> <% m ngun %> Lu l include file c thc hin trc khi script chy. V vy on lnh sau y l khng hp l: <% filename=myConnection.asp%> <!--#include file=<%=filename%>"--> 1.5 Cc i tng cn bn i tng l mt nhm cc hm v bin. Mt s i tng c xy dng sn v c th s dng ngay m khng cn khi to: Request, Response, Session, Application, Server. Mt s i tng cn khi to nu mun s dng Dictionary, Connection, Recordset...

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1.5.1 i tng Request Request v Response l 2 i tng c dng nhiu nht trong lp trnh ASP, dng trao i d liu gia trnh duyt v server. Request cho php ly v cc thng tin t client. Khi browser gi mt yu cu trang web ln server ta gi l 1 request Chng ta thng s dng cc lnh request sau: 1.5.1.1 Request.QueryString Cho php server ly v cc gi tr c gi t ngi dng qua URL hoc form (method GET). V d trang home.asp chng ta t mt dng lin kt sang trang gioithieu.asp vi th sau: <a href=gioithieu.asp?tacgia=Tran Van A>Nhn vo y sang trang gii thiu</a> bin tacgia c gi tr l Tran Van A c ngi dng gi ti server km theo URL. Server mun nhn li gi tr ny th dng request.QueryString trang gioithieu.asp <%dim a a=request.querystring(tacgia)lc ny a c ga tr l Tran Van A response.write Tc gi ca trang home.asp l: &a %>

27

Hnh 1.7: Cu lnh Request.QueryString Tng t nh vy nu ngi dng gi gi tr Tran Van A thng qua mt bin trong form v chn method GET <form method=get action =gioithieu.asp> <input type=text name=tacgia value=Tran Van A> <input type=submit name=submit value=Nhan vao day de sang trang gioi thieu> </form> 1.5.1.2 Request.Form Cho php server ly v cc gi tr c gi t ngi dng qua form (method POST). Chng hn file form.asp: <form method=POST action =xulyform.asp> <input type=text name=User> <input type=submit name=submit value=Nhan vao day de sang trang gioi thieu> </form>
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File xulyform.asp lm nhim v x l thng tin t Form ny s dng cu lnh request.form nhn li thng tin ngi dng g vo: <%Dim x x=Request.form(User) %> response.write Tn ngi dng l: &x %> 1.5.2 Response i tng Response dng gi cc p ng ca server cho client. Chng ta thng dng mt s lnh Response sau: 1.5.2.1 Response.Write a thng tin ra mn hnh trang web V d a cu cho Hello ra mn hnh ta dng lnh sau: <%response.write Hello%> Hin th thi gian trn server ra mn hnh: <%response.write now%> hoc <%=now%> now l hm ly ngy gi h thng trn server 1.5.2.2 Response.Redirect Chuyn x l sang mt trang Asp khc. V d trang xulyform.asp sau khi kim tra form ng nhp thy ngi dng khng c quyn vo website th n s chuyn cho file Error.asp(file ny hin th mt thng bo li user khng c quyn truy cp) <% Response.redirect error.asp %> 1.5.2.3 Response.End Ngng x l cc Script. Dng lnh ny khi mun dng x l mt v tr no v b qua cc m lnh ASP pha sau. y l cch rt hay dng trong mt s tnh hung, chng hn nh debug li
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1.5.3 i tng Session Session l mt phin lm vic gia tng ngi dng v web server, n bt u khi ngi ln u tin truy cp ti 1 trang web trong website v kt thc khi ngi ri khi website hoc khng tng tc vi website trong mt khong thi gian nht nh (time out). Nh vy ti mt thi im mt website c bao nhiu ngi truy cp th c by nhiu phin ng vi mi ngi, cc phin ny c lp nhau. lu nhng thng tin tc dng trong 1 phin, ngi ta dng i tng Session, v d khi mt user bt u session vi vic login vo h thng, v user login cn c h thng ghi nh trong ton phin lm vic (nhm trnh vic ngi dng phi ng nhp li mi khi a ra mt request).Gi tr ca bin kiu session c phm vi trong tt c cc trang ASP ca ng dng, nhng khng c tc dng i vi phin lm vic khc. V d, s dng bin session sau y m s ln 1 ngi truy cp vo trang web: Home.asp <% session(x)=session(x)+1 %> session(x) i din cho s ln m mt user truy cp vo trang home.asp. Vi 2 ngi dng khc nhau th gi tr session(x) li khc nhau. Tht vy , A c th truy cp 10 ln (session(x) =10) trong khi B c th truy cp 2 ln thi (session(x) =2) Server kt thc v hy b i tng session khi: - Ngi dng khng triu gi cc trang ca ng dng hoc cp nht lm mi (refresh) li thng tin ca trang trong mt thi gian nht nh. Khi mt session ht thi gian hiu lc n s c xem nh ht hn s dng ,tt c cc bin lu trong session v bn thn session

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s b hy b. C th kim tra v tng gim thi gian Timeout ca Session tnh bng giy nh sau: <% Session.Timeout = 500 %> - Trang ASP gi n phng thc Abandon ca Session . <% Session.Abandon %> Vic khi to v kt thc 1 bin session c th vit trong cc hm s kin Session_OnStart v Session_OnEnd c nh ngha trong file global.asa 1.5.4 i tng Application Application i din cho ton b ng dng, bao gm tt c cc trang web trong website. lu tr nhng thng tin c tc dng trong ton ng dng, tc l c gi tr trong tt c cc trang asp v tt c cc phin, ngi ta dng i tng Application im khc ca bin application so vi bin session l session ch c tc dng i vi mi phin, cn bin application c tc dng vi mi phin. V d, m xem c bao nhiu ngi truy cp vo website, chng ta c th dng mt bin Application. Mi khi mt ngi dng mi truy cp vo website ta tng bin ny ln 1 n v ch rng c thm 1 ngi truy cp. <% application(x)=application(x)+1 %> Trang home.asp mun hin th s ngi truy cp ch cn in gi tr ca bin ny
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<% response.write S ngi truy cp vo website l:&application(x) %> Vi 2 phin khc nhau th gi tr application(x) l nh nhau. Tht vy , A v B khi truy cp vo trang home.asp u thy: S ngi truy cp vo website l 3 (trong trng hp application(x) =3) vic khi to v kt thc mt bin application c th vit trong cc hm s kin Application_onStart v Application_onEnd c nh ngha trong file global,ase. Kha Application: Do bin application c th c dng chung bi nhiu phin nn s c trng hp xy ra xung t khi c 2 phin cng thay i gi tr mt bin application. ngn chn iu ny chng ta c th dng phng thc Application.lock kha bin application trc khi thay i n. Sau khi s dng xong bin ny c th gii phng kha bng phng thc application.unlock (xem v d sau). 1.5.5 File Global.asa File ny l file ty chn cha cc khai bo i tng, bin c phm vi ton ng dng. M lnh vit di dng Script. Mi ng dng ch c php c nhiu nht 1 file Global.asa, nm th mc gc ca ng dng. Ngi ta thng dng global.asa trong trng hp mun c nhng x l khi mt session bt u hay kt thc, mt application bt u hay kt thc, thng qua cc hm s kin : Application_Onstart : hm s kin ny xy ra khi ng dng asp bt u hot ng, tc l khi ngi dng u tin truy cp ti trang web u tin khi ng dng hot ng. Session_Onstart: hm s kin ny xy ra mi khi c mt ngi dng mi truy cp vo ng dng (bt u 1 session)
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Session_OnEnd: hm s kin ny xy ra mi khi 1 ngi dng kt thc session ca h Application_OnEnd: hm s kin ny xy ra khi ng dng dng. File Global.asa c cu trc nh sau: <script language="vbscript" Application_OnStart .......... End sub Sub Application_OnEnd ............. End Sub Sub Session_OnStart ......... Application("x")=Application("x")+1 End sub Sub Session_OnEnd ............ End Sub </script> V d sau y s m s ngi dng hin ang truy cp website. S ngi dng c lu tr trong bin Application(songuoi). bt c u trong ng dng nu mun hin th s ngi dng chng ta ch vic chn lnh hin th n: <%=Application(songuoi)%> Ngoi ra ng dng cng cho php m s ln 1 ngi truy cp website trong phin lm vic ca h. S ln c lu tr trong bin Session(solan) Global.asa <script language="vbscript" runat="server"> Application_OnStart Application("songuoi")=0 End Sub Sub runat="server"> Sub

33

Sub Session_OnStart Application("songuoi")=Application("songuoi")+1 Application.UnLock Session(solan)=0 End Sub Sub Session_OnEnd Application("songuoi")=Application("songuoi")-1 Application.UnLock End Sub Sub Application_OnEnd End Sub </script> Home.asp <html> <body> <p>

Application.Lock

Application.Lock

C <%response.write(Application("songuoi"))%> ngi ang truy cp website </p> <%session(solan)= session(solan)+1 %> <p> Bn truy cp trang ny <%response.write(session("solan")) %> ln! </p> </body>
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</html> 1.5.6 i tng Dictionary i tng Dictionary lu tr thng tin theo tng cp kha/ gi tr. N kh ging vi mng nhng c kh nng x l linh hot i vi nhng cp d liu c quan h kiu t in (cp kha/ gi tr v d nh : m Sinh vin/ tn Sinh vin), trong kha c xem l t cn tra v gi tr chnh l ni dung ca t tra c trong t in. Mun s dng i tng Dictionary chng ta phi khi to n: <%set d=server.createObject("Scripting.Dictionary") d.add "work","Lam viec" d.add "learn","Hoc tap" tng t nh mng nhng mi phn t l mt cp kha/gi tr response.write "work ngha ting Vit l: "&d.item("work") response.write "learn ngha ting Vit l: "&d.item("learn") set d=nothing %> Mt s ng dng ca i tng ny nh dng m phng gi hng cha hng ha(shopping cart) vi cp kha/gi tr l :ProductID/Quantity (xem chng 2), s a ch vi cp kha/gi tr l: CustomerName/Address. 1.5.7 i tng Server i tng Server c dng truy cp cc thuc tnh v phng thc ca server .Ta thng dng 2 lnh sau: 1.5.7.1 Server.CreateObject khi to 1 i tng. V d:
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To mt i tng Connection: <%Set conn=Server.CreateObject(ADODB.Connection)%> To mt i tng Dictionary: <%set d=server.createObject("Scripting.Dictionary")%> 1.5.7.2 Server.Mappath bin ng dn tng i thnh tuyt i. V d: <%str= server.mappath("nhanvien.mdb") Response.write str%> S cho kt qu: C:\WEB\nhanvien.mdb trong trng hp file nhanvien.mdb nm trong th mc C:\WEB Ta thng p dng server.mappath trong nhng trng hp x l ng dn tng i, v d l chui kt ni vo database connstr="provider=microsoft.jet.oledb.4.0; data source="&server.mappath("nhanvien.mdb")&";" 1.6 S dng Database vi ASP Hu ht cc ng dng Web ng u lu tr d liu trong Database. V vy cc thao tc kt ni vo Database, xem, thm, sa, xa d liu trong cc bng l phn quan trng i vi cc ngn ng lp trnh web nh ASP. Chng ta s hc cc k thut s dng Asp thao tc vi d liu trong Database thng qua kin trc ADO. 1.6.1 Cc c php cn bn truy xut d liu t DB thao tc vi d liu trong cc bng ca DB, c 4 thao tc chnh vi cu lnh SQL tng ng nh sau: (Ly v d vi mt Database c th Quanlyhocvien.mdb, trong c mt bng HosoHocVien (MaHV:text, Ten: text)

36

1.6.1.1 La chn Ly tt c cc bn ghi trong bng: Select * from HosoHocVien Nu la chn c iu kin: Select * from HosoHocVien where MaHV=10 Nu ch la chn mt s trng trong bng: Select Ten from HosoHocVien where MaHV=10 1.6.1.2 Thm d liu vo bng Insert into HosoHocVien values (001,Tran Van A) 1.6.1.3 Sa d liu Update HosoHocVien MaHV=001 1.6.1.4 Xo d liu Delete from HosoHocVien where MaHV=001 Chng ta c th s dng cc lnh SQL phc tp hn c c kt qu mong mun nh s dng cc lnh join, order by, group by, having... 1.6.2 i tng Connection i tng Connection cho php to kt ni n mt DB. Cc bc s dng Connection: Khai bo i tng connection Khi to To chui kt ni M connection vi chui kt ni trn
S

set

Ten=Tran

Van

where

dng connection
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 ng v Hy connection V d sau y kt ni n database Access QuanlyHocvien.mdb (database ny nm trong cng th mc vi file Asp) <% dim conn khai bo set conn=server.createObject("ADODB.connection") khi to stringconn="provider=microsoft.jet.OLEDB.4.0;data source="&server.mappath("QuanlyHocVien.mdb")&";"chui kt ni conn.open stringconn m connection cc thao tc vi DB s dng connection ny ....... conn.close %> (chui stringconn= vit trn 1 dng, trong : data source = ch c mt du cch gia data v source, chui ny ch ng vi Access) 1.6.3 i tng Recordset i tng Recordset thng dng xem, thm, sa, xa cc bn ghi trong bng d liu ca Database. N tr n tp hp cc bn ghi l kt qu tr v t cu lnh select Cc bc s dng i tng Recordset :

ng connection

Set conn=nothing hy connection

Khai bo i tng Recorset Khi to To sql query M Recordset vi chui sql query v connection m S dng Recordset
38

ng v Hy Recordset

V d sau y cho php ly cc bn ghi trong bng v hin th trang web. <%Dim rs khai bo Recordset set rs=server.createObject("ADODB.Recordset")Khi to SQLstring="select * from HosoHocVien" SQL query rs.open SQLstring ,conn M Recordset dng vng lp hin th ton b cc bn ghi ra mn hnh do while not rs.EOF response.write RS(MaHV) response.write RS(Ten) response.write <BR> rs.movenext dch con tr rs ti bn ghi tip theo loop rs.close ng recordset set rs=nothing hy recordset %> Chng ta c th kt hp gia script v th html d liu c hin th ra ngoi trang web vi giao din theo mun : <table border="1"> <tr> <td>MA HOC VIEN</td> <td>TEN</td> </tr> <%do while not rs.eof%> <tr>
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<td ><%=rs("MaHV")%></td> <td ><%=rs("Ten")%></td> </tr> <%rs.movenext loop rs.close %> </table> Sau y l v d hon chnh lit k cc user trong bng tblUser ra trang web: Connection.asp <% dim conn Sub openConn() Set conn=server.createobject("adodb.connection") connstr="provider=microsoft.jet.oledb.4.0; data source="&server.mappath("myDB.mdb")&";" conn.open connstr End Sub Sub destroyConn() conn.close set conn=nothing End Sub %> ListUser.asp <!--#include file ="Connection.asp"--> <%openConn
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set rs = server.createobject("ADODB.Recordset") rs.open "select * from tblUser", conn%> <table border="1" width="200"> <tr><td>ID</td><td>Username</td><td>Address</td> <% do while not rs.EOF <tr> <td><%=rs("id")%></td> <td><%=rs("username")%></td> <td><%=rs("address")%></td> </tr> <% rs.movenext loop rs.close destroyConn%> </table> 1.6.4 Thm sa xa d liu trong DB: Vi mt connection m chng ta c th dng n thc thi cu lnh SQL dng insert, update, delete: Thm d liu: <%Conn.execute Insert into HosoHocvien values(001,Tran Van A)%> Sa d liu: <%Conn.executeUpdate HosoHocVien set Ten=Tran Van B where MaHV=001 %> Xo d liu: <%Conn.execute Delete from HosoHocVien where MaHV=001 %>
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Ngoi ra chng ta c th dng Recordset thm, sa, xa d liu trong database bng cch duyt qua tp hp cc bn ghi trong bng Thm d liu: <%Dim RS set rs=server.createObject("ADODB.recordset") SQLstring="select * from soHocVien" rs.open SQLstring ,conn,3,2 rs.open SQLstring ,conn,adOpenStatic,adLockPessimistic rs.addnew Thm mt bn ghi rs(MaHV)=001 gn gi tr cho cc trng ca bn ghi rs(Ten)=Tran Van A rs.update %> Sa: <% set rs=server.createObject("ADODB.recordset")Khi to SQLString="select * from HosoHocVien where ma=001" ly ra bn ghi cn sa rs.open SQLString ,conn,3,2 rs(Ten)=Tran Van Bsa li gi tr trng Ten rs.update %> Xa: <% set rs=server.createObject("ADODB.recordset")Khi to SQLString="select * from HosoHocVien where MaHV=001 "Cu lnh SQL ly ra ng bn ghi cn xa rs.open SQLString ,conn,3,2 rs.delete xa bn ghi ny rs.close ng recordset
42

Xc nhn thm xong rs.close ng recordset

xc nhn sa xong rs.close ng recordset

%> 1.6.4 Phn trang Trong nhiu trng hp do kt qu cu lnh select .... tr v qu nhiu bn ghi, nu chng ta hin th tt c trn cng 1 trang web th s bt tin trong vic c chng, khi ngi ta tin hnh phn n ra hin th thnh nhiu trang, y gi l k thut phn trang. So vi cch c v hin th d liu thng thng, th phn trang i hi phi thit lp thm mt s thuc tnh: - S bn ghi cn hin th trn mt trang RS.PageSize - Trang no ang c hin th: RS.AbsolutePage, -Khi m Recordset i hi phi thm cc tham CursorType v LockType :rs.open SQLstring ,conn,3,3 s

- Vng lp hin th d liu cn c c ch m bo n ch chy ng s bn ghi trn mt trang (rs.pagesize) l phi thot khi vng lp. V d hin th bng HosoHocVien vi yu cu ch hin th 4 bn ghi/1 trang: Home.asp <% dim x bin ny dng xc nh xem cn hin th trang no x=request.querystring(PageNumber)nhn li khi ngi dng nhn vo cc nt Trc v Tip if x= then u tin s hin th trang 1 x=1 end if dim conn set conn=server.createObject("ADODB.connection") stringconn="provider=microsoft.jet.OLEDB.4.0;data
43

PageNumber

source="&server.mappath("QuanlyHocVien.mdb")&";" stringconn Dim RS set rs=server.createObject("ADODB.recordset")

conn.open

SQLstring="select * from HosoHocVien" rs.pagesize= 4ch th 4 bn ghi/1 trang rs.open SQLstring ,conn,3,3 rs.AbsolutePage=x trang cn hin th

hin

dem=0bin ny m bo vng lp ch thc hin ti a 4 ln lp do while not rs.EOF and dem<rs.pagesize response.write RS(MaHV) response.write <BR> dem=dem+1 rs.movenext loop %> <% Hin th nt Trc if x>1 then %> <a href=home.asp?pageNumber=<%=x-1%>>Trc</a> <%end if%> <% Hin th nt Tip %> if not RS.EOF then <%end if rs.close ng recordset %> 1.6.5 Tm kim d liu trong database tm kim d liu trong bng ca Database chng ta da vo cu lnh SQL: select * from Tenbang where Tencot like %giatri%
44

response.write

RS(Ten)

<a href=home.asp?pageNumber=<%=x+1%>>Tip</a>

V d on chng trnh sau cho php hin th nhng Sinh Vin trong bng HosoHV ca DB Sinhvien.mdb c tn c tm kim bi t kho Anh (V d : Tun Anh, Vn Anh, Vit Anh...) <% Set conn=server.createobject("adodb.connection") connstring="provider=microsoft.jet.oledb.4.0;data source="&server.mappath("sinhvien.mdb")&";" conn.open connstring set rs=server.createobject("adodb.recordset") rs.open "select * from HosoSV where ten like '%Anh%' ",conn do while not rs.eof response.write rs("MaSV") response.write " " response.write rs("Ten") response.write " " response.write rs("Lop") response.write "<BR>" rs.movenext loop rs.close %> Thng thng ngi s dng nhp t kho cn tm kim vo mt trng ca form. nh vy ta ch vic dng lnh request.form ly li t kho cn tm kim v a vo cu lnh SQL trn. Chng hn ngi s dng nhp t kho cn tm vo trng Ten trong form th chng ta s m bng bng cu lnh SQL sau: <% ten=request.form(Ten) validate rs.open "select * from HosoSV where Ten like '%&ten&%' ",conn ... %> Nu khng tm thy bn ghi no th gi tr rs.EOF s true. <% If rs.eof then response.write Khng tm thy kt qu no %>
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46

Chng 2 MT S TIN CH TRONG ASP Mc tiu

Tm hiu mt s tin ch: Registration Login v Logout Qun l User Qun l Product Shopping cart S dng ting Vit trong ASP

2.1 Registration Registration l module cho php mt khch vng lai ng k lm thnh vin ca website. Module ny gm mt form ng k thnh vin, 1 file asp x l form ny, insert d liu vo database. database c mt table tblUser cha danh sch cc thnh vin ca website

Hnh 2.1: Module Registration RegistrationForm.htm: trang ny cha form cho php ngi dng ng k. RegistrationProcess.asp: trang ny x l d liu t form trn, nu hp l th insert d liu vo database

47

Ngoi ra, kt ni vo database chng ta vit 1 file connection.asp cha cc hm open v destroy connection ri include file ny vo cc file c nhu cu truy cp database. Trong Database cha table : tblUser

Hnh 2.2: Table tbluser Trang RegistrationForm.htm <html> <head> <title>Registration</title> </head> <body> <form method="POST" action="RegistrationProcess.asp"> <p> Username: <input type="text" name="username ></p> <p> Password: <input type=password" name="password ></p> <p> Confirm Password: name="ConfirmPassword ></p> <p> Address: <input type="text" name="address"></p> <p><input name=submit"></p> </form> </body>
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<input

type=password"

type="submit"

value="Submit"

</html> Trang Connection.asp <% dim conn Sub openConn() hm m connection ti DB set conn=server.createobject("adodb.connection") connstr="provider=microsoft.jet.oledb.4.0; data source="&server.mappath("myDB.mdb")&";" conn.open connstr End Sub Sub destroyConn()hm ng v hy connection conn.close set conn=nothing End Sub %> Trang RegistrationProcess.asp <!--#include file ="Connection.asp"--> <% username=request.form("username") password=request.form("password") confirmPassword=request.form("confirmPassword") address=request.form("address") validate some information retrieved from submitted form openConn sql="insert intotblUser([username],[password],[address]) values('"&username&"','"&password&"','"&address&"')" conn.execute sql destroyConn
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response.write "Successful Registration!" %> 2.2 Login v Logout Trong website c th c nhng ni ch dnh cho cc thnh vin ng k m khng dnh cho khch vng lai, truy cp nhng ni ny buc thnh vin phi ng nhp vo website (login), cc thnh vin login sau c th thot (logout) . Vic ghi nh mt thnh vin login c lu trong mt bin kiu session. Khi thnh vin ny logout chng ta ch vic xa bin session ny. Module ny gm form login, file x l form login, file x l logout, database l table tblUser m t trong module Registration.

Hnh 2.3: Login v logout LoginForm.htm: Form login LoginProcess.asp: x l form login, nu login thnh cng thi redirect ti trang Index.asp,nu khng th quay li form login. Index.asp: Trang ch ch dnh cho member login bng cch kim tra bin session, nu bin ny rng (cha login) th t chi truy cp v redirect n form login
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Logout.asp: Trang x l logout bng cch hy session Trang LoginForm.html <html> <head> <title>Login</title> </head> <body> <form method="POST" action="LoginProcess.asp"> <p> Username: <input type="text" name="username"></p> <p> Password: name="password"></p> <p><input name=submit"></p> </form> </body> </html> Trang LoginProcess.asp <!--#include file ="Connection.asp"--> <% username=request.form("username") password=request.form("password") openConn sql="select * from tblUser where username='"&username&"' and password='"&password&"'" set rs=server.createobject("adodb.recordset") rs.open sql,conn if not rs.eof thenlogin thnh session("username")=rs("username") rs.close destroyConn response.redirect "index.asp"
51

<input

type="password" value="Submit"

type="submit"

cng

else

login tht bi session("username")=""

rs.close destroyConn response.redirect "LoginForm.html" end if %> Trang Index.asp <html> <head> <title>Home page for Member only</title> </head> <body> <% if session("username")="" thenkim tra ngi dng login cha? response.redirect "LoginForm.html" end if%> Welcome to <%=session("username")%>. This page is for Member only! <a href="Logout.asp"> Logout</a> </body> </html> Trang Logout.asp <%session.abandon hy session 'session("username")=" %> <a href="LoginForm.html">Login</a> 2.3 Qun l User Qun l user bao gm:

Lit k danh sch user

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Thm user Sa user Xa user

Phn thm user cng tng t nh module Registration

Hnh 2.4: Module User Cc phn cn li gm cc trang sau:

o

ListMember.asp: Lit k danh sch thnh vin, vi mi thnh vin c cc lin kt cho php sa v xa thnh vin . EditMemberForm.asp: form sa thnh vin, hin th cc thng tin hin ti ca thnh vin ngi dng c th sa.

EditMemberProcess.asp: x l form sa thnh vin, update li thnh vin vo DB DeleteMember.asp: xa thnh vin

Trang ListMember.asp
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<!--#include file ="Connection.asp"--> <%'if session("username")="" "LoginForm.html"%> <% openConn set rs = server.createobject("ADODB.Recordset") rs.open "select * from tblUser", conn%> <table border="1" width="200"> <tr><td>ID</td><td>Username</td><td>Address</td><td>E dit</ td><td>Delete</td></tr> <% do while not rs.EOF link1 = "EditMemberForm.asp?id=" & rs("id") link2 = "DeleteMember.asp?id=" & rs("id")%> <tr> <td><%=rs("id")%></td> <td><%=rs("username")%></td> <td><%=rs("address")%></td> <td><a href="<%=link1%>">Edit</a></td> <td><a href="<%=link2%>">Delete</a></td> </tr> <% </table> Trang EditMemberForm.asp <!--#include file ="Connection.asp"--> rs.movenext loop rs.close destroyConn%> then response.redirect

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<%'if session("username")="" "LoginForm.html"%> <%id=request.queryString("id") 'validate id openConn

then

response.redirect

set rs = server.createobject("ADODB.Recordset") rs.open "select * from tblUser where id="&id,conn%> <form method="POST" action="EditMemberProcess.asp"> <p>UserName <inputtype="text"name="username" value="<%=rs("username") %>"></p> <p>Password <input type="password" name="password"></p> <p>ConfirmPassword<input name="confirmPassword"></p> type="password" value="<

<p>Address<inputtype="text"name="address" %=rs("address")%>"></p> <input type="hidden" name="id" value="<%=id%>">

<p><input type="submit" value="Submit" name="B1"></p> </form> <% rs.close destroyConn%> Trang EditMemberProcess.asp <!--#include file ="Connection.asp"--> <%'if session("username")="" "LoginForm.html"%> then response.redirect

<%id=request.form("id")username=request.form("username") password=request.form("password") confirmPassword=request.form("confirmPassword") address=request.form("address")

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'validate if username is exist in the tblUsers?,password and confirmPassword are matched?, address openConn sql="UPDATE tblUser SET [username]='" &username& "',[password]='"&password&"',[address]='"&address& "' WHERE id ="&id conn.execute sql destroyConn%> User <%=username%> has been Edited! Trang DeleteMember.asp <!--#include file ="Connection.asp"--> <%'if session("username")="" "LoginForm.html"%> 'validate id conn.execute "Delete from tblUser where id="&id destroyConn %> User has been Deleted! then response.redirect

<% openConn id=request.queryString("id")

Hnh 2.5: Trang Deltetmember.asp

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2.4 Qun l Product Qun l Product bao gm: Lit k, thm sa xa loi sn phm (Category) Lit k, thm, sa xa sn phm (Product) Phn qun l Category cng tng t nh qun l User Ring phn qun l Product cn lu mi product thuc 1 category no .

Hnh 2.6. Qun l product Lit k, thm sa xa loi sn phm (Category) Lit k, thm, sa xa sn phm (Product) Phn qun l Category cng tng t nh qun l User Ring phn qun l Product cn lu mi product thuc 1 category no .

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Hnh 2.7: M hnh thc th quan h Sau y chng ta xem qua cch lm phn thm sn phm. Cc phn khc lm tng t. Trang AddProductForm.asp <!--#include file ="Connection.asp"--> <%'if session("username")="" "LoginForm.html"%> <% openConn set rs = server.createobject("ADODB.Recordset") rs.open "select * from Category" ,conn %> <form method="POST" action="AddProductProcess.asp"> <p>ProductName name="ProductName"></p> <p>Product Category <select size="1" name="CategoryID"> <%do while not rs.eof%> <option value="<%=rs("CategoryID")%>"> <%=rs("CategoryName")%> </option>
58

then

response.redirect

<input

type="text"

<%rs.movenext loop%> </select></p> <p>Price <input type="text" name="price"></p> <p>Description <input type="text" name="description"></p> <p><input type="submit"value="Submit"name="B1"><input type="reset" value="Reset" name="B2"></p> </form> <% rs.close destroyConn%> Trang AddProductProcess.asp <!--#include file ="Connection.asp"--> <% CategoryID=request.form("CategoryID") ProductName=request.form("ProductName") Price=request.form("Price") Description=request.form("Description") 'validate openConn sql="insert intoProduct([ProductName],[CategoryID],[Price], [Description]) values('"&ProductName&"',"&CategoryID&","&Price&",'"&Descripti on&"')" conn.execute sql destroyConn response.write "Successfull Add Product!" %>

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Hnh 2.8: Trang AddProductProcess.asp 2.5 Shopping cart Trong cc website shopping online, ta thng dng mt cu trc d liu lu tr nhng hng ha m ngi dng chn mua trong phin ca h, gi l gi hng (tng t nh gi hng khi chng ta i mua hng trong siu th). V d liu, gi hng lu tr danh sch nhng hng ha ngi dng chn mua bao gm nhng thng tin nh ProductID, ProductName, ProductCategory, Quantity, Price, (nhng thng tin ny c trong bng Product v Category trong DB) m phng gi hng, ta c th dng 1 s cu trc nh Dictionary hoc mng 2 chiu. Gi hng c lu trong 1 bin kiu session theo di qu trnh khch hng mua hng trong phin

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Sau y, chng ta s i tm hiu cch xy dng gi hng bng mng hai chiu. Product bao gm: (ProductID,ProductName, ProductCategory, Quantity, Price, TotalPrice) v gi hng cha c ti a 15 sn phm. Vy ta c th dng mng 2 chiu kch thc (6,15) m phng gi hng. Mng ny c lu theo kiu bin session c tc dng trong ton phin ca ngi dng. Ta cn thm 1 bin Count m s sn phm hin c trong gi hng. Bin ny cng c kiu session. Cc hm thao tc: AddProductToCart(ProductID): Thm 1 sn phm vo gi hng, nu sn phm c th tng s lng thm 1 UpdateQuantity(ProductID,Quantity):Cp nht s lng ca 1 sn phm trong gi hng RemoveProductFromCart(ProductID):Xa 1 sn phm khi gi hng RemoveAll: Xa rng gi hng ListProduct: Lit k cc mt hng trong gi hng File Global.asa <Script language=VBScript Session_OnStart RUNAT=Server> SUB

ReDim arrProduct(6,15)mng 2 chiu m phng gi hng Session("arrProduct")=arrProductgi hng cha trong session Session("Count")=0 s sn phm hin c trong gi END SUB </Script> ShoppingCart.asp <% 'thm sn phm vo gi hng, nu c th tng s lng ln 1
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Sub AddProductToCart(ProductID) arrProduct=Session("ArrProduct") Count=Session("Count") ProductExist=falsebin ny dng nh du xem hng c trong gi cha For i=1 to Count if arrProduct(1,i)=ProductID then ProductExist=truehng c trong gi arrProduct(4,i)=arrProduct(4,i)+1 tng s lng ln 1 exit For End if Next If not ProductExist then If Count<15 then Count=Count+1 dng Recordset ly cc thng tin ProductName, CategoryName, Price t DB arrProduct(1,Count)=ProductID arrProduct(2,Count)=ProductName arrProduct(3,Count)=CategoryName arrProduct(4,Count)=1 arrProduct(5,Count)=CLng(Price) arrProduct(6,Count)=0 End if session("ArrProduct")=arrProduct session("Count")=Count end sub Sub RemoveProductFromCart(ProductID)'xoa san pham trong gio hang ArrProduct=Session("ArrProduct") ProductExist=false Count=Session("Count")

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xa v tr i For i=1 to Count if arrProduct(1,i)=ProductID then ProductExist=true exit For Next end if If ProductExist then Count=Count-1 For x=1 to 6xa rng mt hng i arrProduct(x,i)="" Next n=i while n<15dn mt hng i+1 v i bt u t mt hng i n cui gi For x=1 to arrProduct(x,n+1)="" Next n=n+1 Wend End if Session("Count")=Count end Sub Sub RemoveAll 'xoa tat ca cac mat hang trong gio hang session("ArrProduct")="" session("ArrCount")="" end Sub Sub UpdateQuantity(ProductID,Quantity) cap nhat lai so luong 1 san pham da co trong gio hang ArrProduct=Session("ArrProduct") Count=Session("Count") For i=1 to Count
63

tm thy hng cn

arrProduct(x,n)=ArrProduct(x,n+1)

Session("ArrProduct")=ArrProduct

if arrProduct(1,i)=ProductID then arrProduct(4,i)=Quantity exit For End if Next Session("ArrProduct")=ArrProduct Session("Count")=Count end Sub %> 2.6 S dng ting Vit trong ASP 2.6.1 Bng m Unicode V c bn my tnh ch x l c d liu dng s. Mi k t (character) c my tnh lu tr v x l bng cch nh x chng thnh mt ch s (cn gi l m - code). V d thng thng ch A c m 65, a m 97Bng nh x cc k t thnh cc m di dng s c gi l bng m (character code). Bng m 1 byte: Trong cc bng m 1 byte nh ASCII, mi k t c biu din bng 1 byte. Chng c th biu din ti a 256 k t (k c cc k t hin th c v k t iu khin). Bng m 1 byte ch thch hp vi nhng ngn ng nh ting Anh. i vi cc ngn ng phc tp nh ting Hoa, ting Nht, ting Vit th bng m ny khng ln c th biu din ht s k t cn thit. V vy, ngi ta phi thc hin nhiu gii php khc phc thiu st ny, dn n tnh trng c nhiu bng m khc nhau cng tn ti, thm ch 1 ngn ng cng c nhiu bng m, gy nn s thiu thng nht. Unicode l bng m 2 byte, ra i nhm mc ch xy dng mt b m chun vn nng, thng nht, dng chung cho tt c cc ngn ng trn th gii. B m Unicode gm 16 bit cho mi k t, biu din c 65536 k t. Unicode c th biu din c y cc k t Ting Vit.
64

2.6.2 M ha UTF-8 Mi k t trong b m Unicode c m ha (encoding) di 1 trong 3 dng: UTF-8 (8 bit), UTF-16 (16 bit) v UTF-32 (32 bit). Trong UTF-8 (Unicode Transfomation Format -8) c s dng ph bin. Mi k t Unicode c m ha UTF-8 s c biu din bng 1 n 4 byte ty thuc vo gi tr m ca k t . V d: trong bng m Unicode ch a c m l 97 (hexa l U+0061) => UTF 32: 0x00000061, UTF-16: 0x0061, UTF-8: 0x61. UTF-8 c s dng ph bin biu din ting Vit theo m Unicode 2.6.3 CodePage v Charset Trong lp trnh ASP, biu din ting Vit ng theo encoding UTF-8, chng ta cn lu 2 im: -Hin th ng font UTF-8 trn client (browser) bng cch s dng th <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"> ( charset gip browser hin th (decode) ng dng d liu c encode) - X l ng UTF-8 trn server bng cch t thuc tnh Codepage = 65001. (code page gip server x l d liu ng encoding) <%Response.codepage=65001%> hoc <%Session.codepage=65001%> Session.codepage c thit lp codepage cho ton phin. Cn Response.codepage thit lp codepage cho 1 ln response thi. Thng thng chng ta s dng Session.codepage v nh vy ton b
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session s c chung 1 codepage thng nht. 2.6.4 Lp trnh ting Vit vi ASP: Chng ta tun theo nguyn tc sau: S dng UTF-8 charset cho cc trang web S dng th <%session.codepage=65001%> S dng kiu g Unicode trong cc b g (VietKey, Unikey)

Hnh 2.10: Thm v hin th d liu V d sau minh ha vic thm vo v hin th d liu t database ra mn hnh vi Ting Vit: Trang RegistrationVNmeseForm.html <html><head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" charset=utf-8"> </head> <body> <form action="RegistrationVNmeseProcess.asp"> content="text/html;

method="POST"

<p> Username: <input type="text" name="username"></p> <p> Password:<input type="text" name="password"></p> <p>Confirm Password:<inputtype="text" name="ConfirmPassword"> </p>
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<p> Address:<input type="text" name="address"></p> <p><input type="submit" value="Submit" name="B1"></p> </form> </body></html> Trang RegistrationVNmeseProcess.asp <%session.codepage=65001%> <!--#include file ="Connection.asp"--> <html><head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"> </head> <body> <%username=request.form("username") password=request.form("password") confirmPassword=request.form("confirmPassword") address=request.form("address") validate some information retrieved from submitted form openConn sql="insert intotblUser([username],[password],[address]) values('"&username&"','"&password&"','"&address&"')" conn.execute sql destroyConn response.write "Successfull Registration!"%> </body></html> Trang ListMemberVNmese.asp <!--#include file ="Connection.asp"--> <head><meta charset=utf8"></head> http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;

67

<%'if session("username")="" then response.redirect "LoginForm.html"%> <%openConn set rs = server.createobject("ADODB.Recordset") rs.open "select * from tblUser", conn%> <table border="1" width="200"> <tr><td>ID</td><td>Username</td><td>Address</td><td>E dit</td><t d>Delete</td></tr> <% do while not rs.EOF link1 = "EditMemberForm.asp?id=" & rs("id") link2 = "DeleteMember.asp?id=" & rs("id")%> <tr><td><%=rs("id")%></td><td><%=rs("username") %></td><td><% =rs("address")%></td><td><a href="< %=link1%>">Edit</a></td><td><a href="< %=link2%>">Delete</a></td> </tr> <% rs.movenext loop s.close destroyConn%> </table>

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Chng 3 PHN TCH, THIT K V PHT TRIN CC NG DNG KINH T DA TRN NN ASP 3.1. H thng qun l hot ng kinh doanh 3.1.1. Qun l ni dung doanh nghip Qun l ni dung doanh nghip (thng c gi tt l ECM ly t ch ci u ca cc t ting Anh Enterprise content management), hay qun l ni dung cc ti liu trong doanh nghip, l vic s ha cc ti liu trong doanh nghip qun l (bng cng c my tnh). Khi qut Trong cc doanh nghip th phn ti liu (giy t, cng vn, hnh nh) pht sinh rt nhiu, vic qun l theo truyn thng lu tr bng giy c rt nhiu khuyt im nh tn chi ph, bo mt, tm kim, mc ri ro. ECM c cp n nh mt gii php thay th, phn ti liu s c s ha qun l. Ngoi ra ECM cn cn qun l nhng phn ngoi ti liu nh ni dung trang web, qun l phin bn ti liu (mt ti liu c th c rt nhiu phin bn t lc hnh thnh cho n khi kt thc).... Cc thnh phn Cc h qun tr ECM c ni chung c th chia ra lm bn mc chnh : Thu thp d liu: lm thao tc ly d liu t nhng ngun khc nhau nh vn bn ti liu giy, cc ti liu in t (vn bn, bng tnh, bn trnh chiu...), d liu m thanh, hnh, phim nh. Lin quan n cc cng ngh nhn dng, to ch mc, phn loi.

Lu tr d liu: a cc d liu nhp vo ct gi, qun l nh sao lu/phc hi. Lin quan thit b lu tr ( a cng, bng t, CD-ROM...), cng ngh lu tr ?, thi hn lu tr

69

Phn phi: cch a d liu n ngi dng, lin quan n tnh bo mt (ti khon/quyn hn), tm kim, hin th, ng dng hin th, nh dng file xut

Qun l: khi nim chung c th hiu bao gm c 3 mc cn li. Cc phn qun l bao gm qun tr c s d liu, qun l h thng, qun l ngi dng.

Nhng phn c th p dng ECM

Qun l ti liu (Document Managerment). Qun l lung cng vic (workflow). Qun l ni dung web (Web content Managerment). Qun l bn ghi (Records Management)

3.1.2. Qun l quan h khch hng (CRM) Qun l quan h khch hng hay CRM (ting Anh: Customer relationship management) l mt phng php gip cc doanh nghip tip cn v giao tip vi khch hng mt cch c h thng v hiu qu, qun l cc thng tin ca khch hng nh thng tin v ti khon, nhu cu, lin lc nhm phc v khch hng tt hn. Thng qua h thng quan h khch hng, cc thng tin ca khch hng s c cp nht v c lu tr trong h thng qun l c s d liu. Nh mt cng c d tm d liu c bit, doanh nghip c th phn tch, hnh thnh danh sch khch hng tim nng v lu nm ra nhng chin lc chm sc khch hng hp l. Ngoi ra, doanh nghip cn c th x l cc vn vng mc ca khch hng mt cch nhanh chng v hiu qu. Qun l quan h khch hng cung cp mt h thng ng tin cy, gip qun l khch hng v nhn vin, ci thin mi quan h gia nhn
70

vin vi khch hng. Mt chnh sch quan h khch hng hp l cn bao gm chin lc o to nhn vin, iu chnh phng php kinh doanh v p dng mt h thng cng ngh thng tin ph hp. Quan h khch hng khng n thun l mt phn mm hay mt cng ngh m cn l mt chin lc kinh doanh bao gm c chin lc tip th, o to v cc dch v m doanh nghip cung ng ti khch hng. Doanh nghip c th la chn mt gii php quan h khch hng hp l da trn tiu ch t khch hng v tr trung tm, quan tm ti nhu cu ca khch hng nhm t c mc ch l duy tr mi quan h tt vi khch hng v t c li nhun ti a trong kinh doanh. Tm li, CRM l tp hp cc cng tc qun l, chm sc v xy dng mi quan h gia cc khch hng v doanh nghip. iu kin CRM thnh cng

Xy dng c tm nhn CRM:

C ngha l xc nh c v tr ca doanh nghip trn th trng, nh hng phn on khch hng, thit lp cc mc tiu v khch hng, nh ra thc o gim st hot ng ca chin lc.

S thng nht trong ni b:

Khng ch ring CRM m tt c cc chin lc mt khi trin khai cn phi c s thng nht t cp lnh o cao nht n cc nhn vin bnh thng. Phi nhn nhn CRM nh mt chin lc chung, mt cng vic chung lin quan n mi c nhn trong doanh nghip. Nu doanh nghip mi ch chm chng nhng bc u tin p dng m hnh CRM[1], iu cn thit phi t chc mt cuc hp gia cc phng, ban, b phn trong doanh nghip, h ni ln nhu cu ca mnh v CRM. T , qun tr vin c th bit c cc b phn cn nhng g t CRM, cn nhng g trin khai thng sut CRM trong tng b phn . C th c nhiu kh nng, s thy nhng nhu cu, iu kin ca cc phng, ban, b phn ra l rt khc nhau. Vai tr ca qun tr vin l phi dung ho
71

c nhng mu thun , p ng c nhng iu kin c bn, c th khc nhau, ca cc phng, ban, nhng vn m bo h thng CRM thng nht trong ton doanh nghip. Khng nn chy theo tro lu hi-tech trong khi low-tech vn hot ng tt:

Cc t chc p dng thnh cng CRM lun tm kim phng n n gin nht, tit kim chi ph nht khi trin khai k hoch CRM. Mt gii php low-tech n gin v thn thin vi tt c mi ngi, t nhn vin n khch hng ca doanh nghip, vn s hiu qu hn mt gii php hi-tech cng knh, tn km v km thn thin.

Vn ha doanh nghip v CRM:

Mt h thng CRM khng ch l mt gi phn mm mi. l c mt thay i v t duy chin lc, v cch thc kinh doanh, v cch qun l nhn s. Thnh cng vi m hnh CRM phn ln nh vo nhng cng nhn vin sn sng chia s thng tin v khch hng v i tc. Tinh thn cng tc ny cn phi c hun luyn bi bn v thng nht. Cc nhn vin c th ngh rng khi chia s thng tin, h ng thi nh mt c hi cho ngi khc. Tuy nhin, nu cng nhn vin hiu rng CRM to nn c hi cho tt c mi ngi, t l thnh cng s tng ln r rt. Do , iu cn thit l cho mi ngi thy mt v d thc t, khi chia s thng tin lm li cho ton b cng ty. Vic qun l phi hng ti mc ch xy dng vn ho doanh nghip da trn nn tng li ch ca doanh nghip t bn trn li ch c nhn. t c mc tiu ny, cng nhn vin - nhng ngi s dng CRM, phi thy bng chng thc s rng thng tin m h chia s c s dng thc y cc hot ng kinh doanh, v c thm mt i tc mi s em li li ch cho tt c mi ngi trong cng ty. Nguyn nhn tht bi trong qu trnh trin khai CRM

Cha tht s t khch hng v tr trung tm:

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C th v qu ch trng vo cng ngh v chin lc, doanh nghip qun i v tr trung tm ca khch hng. c c nhng thnh cng nht nh khi trin khai CRM, doanh nghip lun cn ch trng n vic xy dng mi quan h di lu, bn vng vi khch hng bi CRM chnh l cu ni gia doanh nghip vi khch hng, gip doanh nghip hiu c nhu cu v nm bt thng tin ca khch hng nhanh hn, chnh xc hn, v quan trng l mi s thay i, ci tin cn bt ngun t nhu cu ca khch hng.

Qu vi vng trong qu trnh trin khai CRM:

V pha doanh nghip, nu trong qu trnh p dng CRM, doanh nghip khng ch trng vo vic o to nhn vin, trong khi nhn vin c c hiu bit tt nht v khi nim, cng dng cng nh cch thc trin khai CRM th mi c th phc v khch hng d dng, th khng th em li thnh cng cho doanh nghip. i vi khch hng, d doanh nghip c p dng m hnh no, nhng quan trng nht l h khng phi gp nhiu tr ngi trong vic tip cn nhng thng tin t pha doanh nghip v c cung cp nhng dch v tt nht. C th ni CRM l mt chin lc di hn gip doanh nghip t c nhng mc tiu di hn. Do , khi p dng n cng i hi s kin nhn s dng, h thng kh phc tp nhng khng phi khng c p dng thnh cng. Nu c trin khai mt cch hp l, hiu qu, hn ch ti a sai st ti doanh nghip, CRM s em li li nhun cho cng ty, khng ch di hnh thc vt cht m quan trng hn l s trung thnh ca khch hng. y mi chnh l ti sn v gi ca doanh nghip. 3.1.3. Qun l d n Qun l d n l ngnh khoa hc nghin cu v vic lp k hoch, t chc v qun l, gim st qu trnh pht trin ca d n nhm m bo cho d n hon thnh ng thi gian, trong phm vi ngn sch
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c duyt, m bo cht lng, t c mc tiu c th ca d n v cc mc ch ra. D n l tng th nhng chnh sch, hot ng v chi ph lin quan vi nhau c thit k nhm t c nhng mc tiu nht nh trong mt thi gian nht nh. Cc nh ngha khc Qun l d n l vic p dng cc kin thc, k nng, cng c v k thut vo cc hot ng ca d n nhm t c cc mc tiu ra.

Qun l d n l vic p dng cc chc nng v hot ng ca qun l vo sut vng i ca d n d n t c nhng mc tiu ra.

Mt d n l mt n lc ng b, c gii hn (c ngy bt u v ngy hon thnh c th), thc hin mt ln nhm to mi hoc nng cao khi lng, cht lng ca sn phm hoc dch v, p ng nhu cu ca khch hng hay ca x hi. Thch thc chnh ca qun l d n l phi t c tt c cc mc tiu ra ca d n trong iu kin b khng ch bi phm vi cng vic (khi lng v cc yu cu k thut), thi gian hon thnh (tin thc hin) v ngn sch (mc vn u t) cho php. Cc chc nng chnh ca qun l d n Chc nng lp k hoch, bao gm vic xc nh mc tiu, cng vic v d tnh ngun lc cn thit thc hin d n;

Chc nng t chc, tin hnh phn phi ngun lc gm tin, lao ng, trang thit b, vic iu phi v qun l thi gian;

Chc nng lnh o;

Chc nng kim sot, l qu trnh theo di kim tra tin d n, phn tch tnh hnh thc hin, tng hp, nh gi, bo co kt qu thc hin v xut cc gii php gii quyt cc kh khn trong qu trnh thc hin d n;
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Qun l iu hnh d n hay chc nng phi hp.

Cc hnh thc qun l d n - Hnh thc ch u t trc tip qun l d n Ch u t s dng b my sn c ca mnh trc tip qun l thc hin d n hoc ch u t lp ra ban qun l d n ring qun l vic thc hin cc cng vic ca d n. - Hnh thc ch nhim iu hnh d n Ch u t giao cho ban qun l d n chuyn ngnh hoc thu mt doanh nghip, t chc c iu kin, nng lc chuyn mn ng ra qun l ton b qu trnh chun b v thc hin d n. Ban qun l d n l mt php nhn c lp chu trch nhim trc php lut v ch u t v ton b qu trnh chun b v thc hin d n. - Hnh thc cha kha trao tay Ch u t giao cho mt nh thu (c th do mt s nh thu lin kt li vi nhau) thay mnh thc hin ton b cc cng vic t lp d n u t n thc hin d n v bn giao ton b d n hon thnh cho ch u t khai thc, s dng. Cc m hnh t chc qun l d n - M hnh t chc qun l d n theo cc b phn chc nng L m hnh trong ch u t khng thnh lp ra ban qun l d n chuyn trch m thnh vin ca ban qun l d n l cc cn b t cc phng ban chc nng lm vic kim nhim; Hoc chc nng qun l d n c giao cho mt phng chc nng no m nhim. - M hnh t chc qun l d n c ban qun l d n chuyn trch Ch u t thnh lp ra ban qun l d n chuyn trch, chu trch nhim t chc thc hin ton b cc cng vic ca d n. - M hnh t chc qun l d n theo ma trn
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L m hnh trong thnh vin ca nhm d n c tp hp t cc cn b ca cc b phn chc nng khc nhau di s iu hnh ca nhm trng cn gi l gim c (ch nhim) d n. Mi cn b c th tham gia cng lc vo hai hoc nhiu d n khc nhau v chu s ch huy ng thi ca c trng nhm d n v trng b phn chc nng. Cc b quyt qun l d n 1. Xy dng mt i nhm on kt cng gii quyt vn . Nu khng bn s kh c th a ra gii php ng n hoc s to ra nhiu tranh ci v mc tiu ca d n. 2. Hy lun ghi nh v tun theo cc mc tiu ra trong sut qu trnh d n. 3. Xy dng mt chin lc t c tt c cc mc tiu ca d n. 4. Gim st v kim tra nh k bo m rng d n lun nm trong mc tiu ban u ra. 5. Xc nh r cc ct mc v chun nh gi: kt qu mong mun, cc tr ngi, lp ra cc chnh sch s gip bn t c kt qu nh mong i. 6. Cp nht thng tin t tt c cc Stakeholders (l nhng ngi c lin quan, dnh lu hoc b tc ng bi cc hot ng ca d n) trnh mu thun v mt li ch sau ny. 7. La chn thnh vin thch hp cho d n l nhng ngi c th ng gp nhng nhn nh v thng tin c ch cho d n ch khng ch n thun l ngi c th hp tc lm vic nhm. 8. Lm vic theo nhm. Nu tt c cc thnh vin ca mt i/nhm lm vic c lp, sn phm sau cng s khng n khp cng ging nh nhng g nhm th hin. 9. Hy thc t v s lng d n m bn hoc t chc ca bn c th m trch v cc mc tiu ra.
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10. Lp k hoch d n theo cch tr li cc cu hi nh: phi lm nhng g ? Ai lm ? Bao nhiu ? Khi no ? Lm nh th no ? 11. a ra tht nhiu gii php la chn (brainstorming), sau chn ra ci ti u nht da trn cc thng s thit lp ban u (Vd: da trn chi ph, thi gian, mc tiu ) 12. Hy thng lng khi cn nhng ngun lc/ti nguyn/yu t c rt t hoc kh tm kim. 13. Hy bn giao nhng phn c th theo tng ct mc chnh ca d n, nh vy m tin trnh s c th c o lng d dng hn. 14. a ra chun nh gi, nh lng, c t tt c cc yu t c th nh hng n gi tr ca cc chun ny. 15. ng lp thi gian biu cho bt k cng vic no c thi gian nhiu hn t 4 n 6 tun. Thay v vy, hy chia nh ra thnh nhiu tc v d qun l. 16. Tip tc t ra nhng cu hi. Cng c nhiu cu hi, bn s cng tm ra nhiu cch gii quyt cc vn hoc khm ph ra nhng vn i lp vi nhng g nh ngha ban u. 17. Trnh s cm d c gng hon thnh xut sc mi vic iu s dnh cho phin bn sau ca sn phm hoc b phn dch v. 18. Hy dnh thi gian d phng trong trng hp xy ra nhng tnh hung khng mong i hoc nhng vn cha c d tnh. 19. Lm tt c mi th m bn c th gi cho cc tc v theo ng lch trnh, mt s sai lm no y c th lm sa ly d n hin ti
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20. Lun cnh gic cc ro cn phong ta trong qu trnh d n (roadblocks) v hy hng n hot ng chuyn nghip (pro-active), ng phn ng li chng m hy gip cc thnh vin trong d n hon thnh nhim v ca h. 21. Xem nh cc thnh vin trong nhm ang thc hin cc nhim v quan trng, do , h s khng th c gng lin tc thc hin thm cc cng vic khc. 22. c ra nhng thnh vin c th thc thi nhiu vai tr khc nhau trong qui trnh qun l d n. 23. ng cc thnh vin i n st nt mi bt u thc hin nhim v. Khi , nu vn pht sinh, s khng cn thi gian trng sa cha v s b tr hn bn giao. 24. Hy lun ghi nh 3 ln sc p: hon thnh d n theo ng tin , kinh ph, mc tiu v mong i ca khch hng. 25. Hy ghi nhn li kt qu ca cc d n: xem xt li c nhm lm vic v cc nhim v thc thi.

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Cc ch qun l d n Nh qun l d n Mt ngi qun l d n l mt chuyn gia trong lnh vc qun l d n. Nh qun l d n c th c trch nhim lp k hoch, thc hin v kt thc bt k d n, thuc cc ngnh cng nghip xy dng, kin trc, mng my tnh, vin thng hay pht trin phn mm. Tam gic Qun l d n L mt tam gic m ba cnh th hin ba yu t khng ch ca d n l: phm vi cng vic (khi lng v cc yu cu k thut), thi gian hon thnh (tin thc hin) v ngn sch (mc vn u t) cho php. S cn i gia ba yu t ny bo m cho tam gic khng b h bt k gc no chnh l th hin cht lng ca cng tc qun l d n. V vy, ngi ta cn gi y l tam gic cht lng. C cu phn chia cng vic C cu phn chia cng vic (work breakdown structure - WBS) l biu lit k (bc tch, thng k), trong th hin y cc cng vic cn thc hin d n c hon thnh ton b, t c cc mc tiu ra. Ty theo mc ch s dng m biu lit k ny c phm vi v mc chi tit khc nhau. 3.2. H thng Marketing in t 3.2.1. Chin lc Marketing in t 3.2.1.1. Chin lc sn phm a. Sn phm: L tp hp nhng li ch m ngi bn cung cp cho ngi mua, bao gm c yu t hu hnh v v hnh nh danh ting, thun tin, dch v km theo. Khch hng mua sn phm l mua s tho mn, mua nhng chc nng ca sn phm c th tho mn nhu cu ca h. Cu thnh sn phm thng thng c chia lm 3 cp
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Ct li: Hin thc: B sung:

li ch m sn phm em li kt cu sn phm dch v km theo, li ch b sung thm

Sn phm trong marketing in t c chia lm hai loi: th nht gm cc sn phm hon ton mi, ch c hnh thnh khi Internet pht trin v th hai gm cc sn phm truyn thng c thm cc thuc tnh mi t Internet. Internet to ra cc sn phm hon ton mi. + Sn phm ct li: nhu cu trao i thng tin thun tin, r, nhanh, ton cu (Th in t); nhu cu qung bo ton cu (Website); nhu cu m phn, giao dch, trao i ton cu (Video Chat); Thng tin hng ngy cp nht (CNN); chia x cc ti nguyn s ho c (P2P) + Sn phm hin thc: nhng sn phm mi hon ton ch c sau khi ph cp Internet v d: th in t, website, catalogue in t, bo in t, forum, chat, video chat, tr chi in t trn mng, din n chia x phn mm, cc m hnh kinh doanh in t + Sn phm b sung: Dch v sau bn hng, cc dch v cng ca nh nc; thu thu trn mng; o to trn mng; dch v ngn hng in t b. Nhng nhn t gip cho vic bn hng hiu qu trn mng. S dng nhng hnh thc c bit m t sn phm v dch v. Nu c th m t sn phm v dch v ca mnh bng cc hnh thc c bit, th nn p dng hnh thc trn mng bi v tm kim trn mng d dng hn nhiu nh s h tr ca cc phng tin tm kim c bit. Doanh nghip cng c th qung co cho sn phm v dch v bng s kt hp ca nhiu hnh thc khc nhau m khch hng c th s p dng khi tm kim cc loi sn phm ca mnh vi iu kin l nhng hnh thc s xut hin thng trc trn cc trang web m doanh nghip yu cu nhng phng tin tm kim lit k ln.
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S dng chnh sch nh gi cnh tranh. Ni no trn Internet h tr khch hng so snh gi ca nhng mt hng cng loi th nhng mt hng c gi thp nht s bn chy nht. ng thi i vi hu ht cc sn phm, nhng mc gi trc tuyn c th s phi thp hn gi trn cc ca hng nhm to nn mt s u i to s tin tng ca khch hng i vi cc nh bn l trn mng, mt phn do thiu i s gp g gia cc c nhn trong cc giao dch, v b li vic khch hng khng th mang hng v cho mnh. Yu t hu hnh: Khch hng vn mun cm nm, xem xt, nm, th hoc ni chuyn vi mt ai trc khi mua hng. Ngi bn nn cung cp cc sn phm ca mnh cho cc ca hng bn l hoc d tr cc sn phm nhng ni m khch hng c th n cn mc s th trc khi quay li mng tin hnh mua bn. S ng nht ca cc mt hng. Cc mt hng sn xut hng lot thng d bn hn so vi cc mt hng th cng hoc sn xut theo phng php truyn thng. Nhng mt hng sn xut hng lot thng c s nht qun hn v cc c im ca mnh, c chi ph sn xut d tnh hn, v c nhiu ngi bit hn. Nhng yu cu gin tip. Khch hng s c khuynh hng mua cc mt hng cha c nhu cu hin ti trn mng hn l cc mt hng s dng ngay. Nhng nh sn xut c kh nng lp cc k hoch sn xut nh trc, cc k hoch xp hng v giao hng s c c hi ln hn trong vic s dng Internet xc tin bn hng. S hiu bit ca khch hng v sn phm. Ngi ta cho rng thng mi trc tuyn gia cc doanh nghip (B2B) s tng nhanh hn thng mi trc tuyn gia doanh nghip v khch hng (B2C) (Tr trng hp i vi cc cng ty ln nh Amazon, Auto Bytel , CD Now And Dell). L do l khng ging nh phn ln cc khch hng, cc doanh nghip l ngi mua hng chuyn nghip.
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Cc mt hng c mua bn thng xuyn. Nhng mt hng c tiu chun ho c mua bn thng xuyn ( gia dng, qun o tr em, vn phng phmv.v...) thng quen thuc vi khch hng v v th d dng t hng trn mng hn. Nhng giao dch ny s tit kim thi gian v trnh cho h thot khi s nhm chn khi mua bn. c. Vai tr ca Internet i vi chnh sch sn phm Pht trin sn phm mi: S dng Internet v Web thu thp kin khch hng v cc sn phm mi. Vd. www.volkswagen.com khi a ra sn phm xe Beetle ci tin (1998) tin hnh iu tra kin khch hng 18 thng qua website v sn phm mi thc s thnh cng S dng Internet vo pht trin sn phm may mc: lin kt gia nh thit k, nh cung cp nguyn liu, nh my sn xut, cng ty phn phi v khch hng thng qua Internet sn xut hiu qu hn Xy dng v pht trin thng hiu trn Internet: qung b, gii thiu, cng c quan h, to dng s tin tng ca khch hng Sn phm no ph hp vi mi trng Internet + Mc ph hp ca sn phm, dch v i vi mi trng Internet ph thuc vo mt s yu t nh: Gi: so vi gi hng ha tiu dng thng thng - Mc mua sm thng xuyn: so vi vic mua hng tiu dng - Kh nng gii thiu y ln mng v sn phm, dch v: hnh nh, m thanh, chuyn ng... - Khi lng thng tin cn thit ra quyt nh: so vi hng tiu dng thng thng - Kh nng c bit ha sn phm, dch v: ph hp vi cc nhu cu khc nhau - Tm quan trng ca dch v: i vi vic mua v s dng hng ha, dch v
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(1: thp, 2: tng i thp; 3: trung bnh; 4: tng i cao; 5: cao) Mc ph hp = (Gi / Tn xut ) (3+4+5+6) + Sn phm cn c tiu chun ho do vic mua bn hng ho qua mng Internet c hn ch bi tnh o ca hng ho khi la chn. Nu sn phm khng c tiu chun ho v khng c s qun l cht lng, s khng c g m bo khch hng chc chn mua c sn phm c tiu chun cht lng nh m t trn mn hnh my tnh. Gii quyt tt vn ny chnh l gim tnh o ca hng ho khi la chn, ng thi khuyn khch ngi tiu dng yn tm mua hng ho theo phng thc ny. + Dch v h tr khch hng s gip qu trnh mua sm trn mng tr nn d c chp nhn hn. Trong s cc sn phm c bn trn mng Vit Nam, ngoi nhng mt hng d tiu chun ho nh sch bo, bng a nhc... cn c nhng mt hng cha c tiu chun c th hoc kh tiu chun nh hng th cng m ngh... m bo cho khch hng la chn ng hng ho mnh cn mua, cc doanh nghip cn t chc mc h tr trc tuyn t vn cho khch hng. Ngoi ra, dch v h tr khch hng cn cn ch trng nng cp cc tnh nng tm kim, gip cho khch hng tm c sn phm mong mun nhanh nht. + Thng hiu l yu t quan trng tc ng n quyt nh mua hng ca khch hng trong Thng mi in t. nhn hiu tr nn c uy tn, cng vic trc ht l phi ng k nhn hiu, thng hiu c php lut bo v c quyn. Nhng nhn hiu ny c c ngi tiu dng bit n hay khng cn ph thuc vo s qung co, khuych trng v t bn thn doanh nghip gy dng uy tn cho n thng qua qu trnh hot ng kinh doanh ca mnh.

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3.2.1.2. Chin lc gi Cc chin lc nh gi truyn thng cn c vo: Chi ph, gi ca i th cnh tranh, gi trn cc th trng chnh, gi ti s giao dch, kh nng thanh ton ca khch hng... i vi mi trng Internet, chnh sch gi ca cc cng ty chu nh hng rt ln ca gi cnh tranh v mi mc gi c th c cng b cng khai trn mng, khch hng c th tip cn nhiu ngun thng tin hn nh gi v li ch v chi ph i vi cc quyt nh mua hng ca h. Hn na, trn Internet ti cc th trng khc nhau, cng ty kh c th nh cc mc gi khc nhau nh trc y. Bn u gi t rt lu l hnh thc kinh doanh, mua bn quen thuc i vi cc nn kinh t pht trin trn th gii. Vi s pht trin nhanh chng ca cng ngh thng tin v mng Internet, bn u gi pht trin m mt tm vc mi: hnh thc u gi qua mng hnh thnh v ngy cng pht trin. Ti Vit Nam, d u gi cha c tin hnh ph bin, ngi dn vn hnh dung c phn no hnh thc v quang cnh ca mt cuc u gi truyn thng qua phim nh. Theo xu hng hin nay, u gi qua mng chc chn s tr thnh hnh thc ph bin hn so vi u gi truyn thng trong Vit Nam khng phi l mt ngoi l. Cng ging nh mt cuc u gi truyn thng, mt website u gi i hi phi c ngi bn u gi v nhng ngi mua. C hai hnh thc ngi bn tham gia trn website u gi: Th nht, ch website cng chnh l ch nhng mt hng c u gi ti website. Th hai, ch hng "thu mt bng" trn website tin hnh cc hot ng kinh doanh ca mnh. Thng thng, vic t xy dng website ring cho cc mt hng ca mnh s gip ch hng tit kim c mt khon ln tin "thu mt bng" v cn ch ng hn trong hot ng kinh doanh ca mnh. Tuy nhin, trong lnh vc bn u gi, cng nhiu khch hng ving thm
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cng em n cho ch hng nhiu c hi bn hng. Trong khi , khng phi website no c xy dng cng thu ht c s quan tm ca cc khch hng trn mng. V th, chp nhn tr ph c mt ti mt a ch ni ting vn l mt toan tnh cn thit ca cc ch hng bn u gi. a hng ln bn ti mt website u gi, ch hng hoc phi l ch website hoc phi tr mt khon ph nht nh cho mi mt hng ca mnh. Nhng mt hng c la chn em u gi thng c i km vi cc thng tin lin quan v tun th nhng nguyn tc nht nh c th bn u gi c nh s lng rt hn ch, khng sn xut i tr, tnh c o, tnh lch s, vn ho hoc tnh c nhn ca sn phm.... mua hng ti cc website u gi, trc ht, ngi mua s la chn cc mt hng mnh mun theo cc category c trnh by r rng ti cc website. Sau khi la chn mt hng mun mua, ngi mua s phi tham gia u gi vi nhng ngi mua khc bng cch in vo mt form cho trc, trong c nhng thng s ti thiu nh t gi cho mt hng mun mua v s lng mun mua i vi mt hng . My tnh ca ch website s t ng lm vic v khi thi hn u gi kt thc, n mua chin thng s c thng bo r rng v cc n cc v r tip theo cng c thng bo. trnh tnh trng c qu nhiu mt hng tn ng trn website, khi mt mt hng c a ln website bn u gi, ch hng phi xc nh thi hn chm dt u gi. Thi hn hng cng lu trn website lu, mc ph ch hng phi tr cho ch website cng ln. Mt pht sinh l nu n thi hn cht, mt hng li ang c u gi si ni th khi no s c chn l thi im dng u gi? V vn ny, mi website c mt chnh sch ring. Thng thng, cc website tun theo lut sau: Nu c mt n u gi trong vng 10 pht trc thi hn quy nh, mt hng s c coi l u gi xong vi
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gi cui cng nu sau 10 pht khng cn n u gi no na. Giai on i n mc gi cui cng ca u gi trong ting Anh l "going, going, gone"; tm dch theo cch u gi truyn thng l "tip theo, mt, hai, ba, xong". l khi chic ba u gi c g, kt thc vic bn mt mn hng. Khng phi khi no vic u gi cng cho ra kt qu r rng ngi thng, ngi thua. V th, vic xc nh ngi no thng trong u gi cng c cc website u gi xy dng thnh lut chi r rng. Ni vn tt, quy nh v ngi thng trong u gi l "gi c trc, s lng sau v thi gian sau cng". Cng ging nh trong u gi truyn thng, mt mt hng khi c u gi trn mng s c t mc gi ti thiu (Reserve Price). n u gi no c mc gi cao nht v vt mc ti thiu s l n chin thng. Trong trng hp hai hay nhiu n u gi c cng mc gi; n no mua s lng hng ln hn s l n chin thng. Nu cc n cng t mc gi v s lng nh nhau, n no t sm hn s l n thng. Th t bn hng cho cc n chin thng s l ngi thng li c quyn mua hng theo n. Sau khi qu trnh u gi kt thc, hng s c bn cho ngi thng li trong u gi. Vi kh nng sau n mua ca ngi thng u tin, ch hng vn cn hng; hng s c bn cho ngi chin thng trong s nhng ngi cn li (cng c xc nh theo lut trn) v tip tc nh vy, hng s c bn cho n ht hoc n n u gi cui cng vt mc gi ti thiu. Nh vy, ngi chin thng cui cng c th khng mua s lng hng nh mong mun. Trong trng hp khng c n u gi no vt mc ti thiu, cuc u gi vn c coi l thnh cng m khng c ngi mua hng. 3.2.1.3. Chin lc phn phi C hai hnh thc phn phi:
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Th nht, i vi hng ho s ho c, vic phn phi c th thc hin hon ho qua mng + Gi trc tip qua mng: phn mm, m nhc, game ... + Download: phn mm, m nhc, game... hoc C cc i l, in ra CD ri gi ti khch hng (khi khng th download c, khi chi ph gi CD cao, thi gian gi CD lu...) Th hai, phn phi hng ho hu hnh Internet h tr nng cao hiu qu + C ch phi hp hiu qu: Nh kinh doanh v Nh phn phi (bi hc kinh nghim t cc cng ty thnh cng v kh nng p dng Vit Nam) + Kim sot hng ho trong qu trnh phn phi (FedEx, DHL...) + M rng knh phn phi n cc vng a l mi (website thay cho cc phng trng by truyn thng) Chnh sch phn phi (Place) Mt im quan trng khi xem xt chnh sch phn phi trong marketing in t l vai tr ca cc trung gian trong h thng phn phi. So snh vic pht hnh sn phm m nhc dc hai knh khc nhau: Th nht, theo truyn thng: Khch hng - Ca hng bn l Ca hng bn bun - Hng pht hnh - Ca s, ban nhc Th hai, phn phi qua mng: Khch hng - Mp3 Website & Ca hng o - i l bn bun - Hng pht hnh - Ca s, ban nhc Trong phng thc giao dch truyn thng, khch hng thng mua bng a nhc ti cc ca hng bn l hoc ca hng chuyn doanh m nhc. Trnh t phn phi truyn thng: Ca s, ban nhc - Hng pht hnh - i l bn bun - Ca hng bn l - Ngi mua. Vi Internet, quy trnh ny c nhng thay i nht nh v ngi ta thy c s
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thm, bt v ti lp cc trung gian trong knh phn phi. Trong trng hp trn y, ta thy khng cn ca hng bn l trong knh phn phi (hin tng loi b, hay bt trung gian), thay vo l ca hng o trn mng (hin tng ti lp trung gian di dng thc mi) v xut hin thm Catalog MP3 nh l mt trung gian bt buc trong knh phn phi ch khng ch n thun l mt cng c thun tu (hin tng thm trung gian). Ngoi ra, trong m hnh phn phi mi ny, quyn la chn ca khch hng c m rng ng k. Ngi ny c th ti t trang ch ca ban nhc hoc ca ca hng o hoc t catal MP3 mt s bi ht ca ban nhc m mnh a thch dui dng tp d liu MP3 nghe th, sau c th t mua bng a nhc qua catal MP3, hoc t ca hng o, hoc ti trang ch ca i l bn bun hoc t trang ch ca hng pht hnh. Tt nhin vic thm, bt hay ti lp cc trung gian phn phi mi ch mang tnh cht tng i v m hnh cc knh phn phi s khng ging nhau i vi cc sn phm, ngnh ngh v cn ph thuc vo thi quen mua hng v vo tng quan lc lng sn xut v phn phi ca mt hng c th . 3.2.2. Marketing E mail (http://inova.vn/quang-cao-qua-emailmarketing) Email marketing, Phn mm gi email hng lot, cho nhiu ngi. Phn mm gi email mail t ng, hng lot, phn mm gi mail min ph free, chuyn nghip, vo inbox, gi mail lin tc, phn mm email marketing, phn mm gi mail qung co, qung co qua email, qung co hiu qu, qung co email, tip th qua email, online marketing, iNova Email Marketing Inova email marketing: Dch v qung b, tip th qua Email

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Hnh 3.1. E Marketing Tnh nng phn mm Theo di hnh ng khi c mail Chng trnh cho php theo di v thng k t l m mail, c mail, click vo lin kt Tt c c bo co y v chi tit qua s liu v cc biu . C nhn ho email gi i Bn c th chn tn, ngy sinh hoc cc thng tin khc ca ngi nhn vo email mt cch t ng. V d: tiu mail gi i c dng Cho Anh A, ch B thay v mt tiu chung nh cch gi mail thng thng. Gi th mnh m v hiu qu Chng trnh gi email marketing c kim tra v ti u ho vic gi mail. C th gi hng trm nghn email mt ngy T ng qun l email b t chi Chng trnh cho php a nhng a ch mail t chi nhn tin vo danh sch loi b khng gi tin vo ln tip theo

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3.2.3. Marketing SMS (http://inova.vn/inova-sms-sender-phan-memgui-tin-nhan-dien-thoai-hang-loat) Vi s pht trin nh v bo ca cc thu bao vin thng v s lng in thoi di ng hin nay ti Vit Nam, cc chuyn gia v marketing cho rng hnh thc Qung co qua tin nhn SMS (SMS Marketing) s l mt xu hng pht trin mi y hiu qu ca lnh vc marketing, m c th hn na l lnh vc Mobile Marketing. L mt hnh thc qung co Vi mc tip cn rt cao (Khi nhn c 1 SMS, bt k ai cng phi c n), rt nhiu doanh nghip cng chuyn sang qung b sn phm/dch v ca mnh qua knh tin nhn. Tuy nhin, chi ph cho hnh thc qung co ny cng khng phi nh. Vy u l gii php cho cc doanh nghip va v nh nhng n v ch gi tin thng bo ti mt lng khch hng nht nh v ngn hn? Mt gii php qung co qua tin nhn tht s n gin: Ch vi 1 chic in thoi c th kt ni vi my tnh, bn hon ton c th gi tin thng bo cho khch hng hoc nhn vin trong cng ty thng qua Phn mm gi tin nhn hng lot do Inova cung cp (Hon ton min ph). Vi chu trnh hon ton t ng gi i ti 1800 SMS/1h/1 Modem (nu mun cc bn c th gn nhiu modem mt lc) gip bn tit kim c rt nhiu thi gian lm nhng cng vic khc. Hn na h thng c th hat ng lin tc 24/24 m khng h mt mi. Cho php gi tin nhn t danh b ,h tr cc file Text ,Word ,Excel. Chc nng chnh ca phn mm gi tin nhn hng lot a. Gi tin nhn n mt hoc nhiu s TD

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Hnh 3.2. H thng gi SMS trn in thoi di ng

Nhp tng s in thoi. Nhp t file: excel, text. Ly s in thoi t CSDL khch hng. Ly s in thoi t Contact ca Outlook.

Cc tin nhn gi c lu li cng vi trng thi gi thnh cng hay trng thi gi tht bi. Trong lc gi c th Dng Thay SIM v Gi tip. C th thm SDT trong khi ang gi. b. Nhn tin nhn Tin nhn khch hng gi n s c lu vo INBOX ca phn mm. c. Tm kim tin nhn C th tm theo ni dung, s in thoi, thi gian gi, ca tin nhn trong INBOX v SENTBOX d. Lu tin nhn & danh b ra file *.xls, *.pdf e. Lp lch gi tin nhn

Theo ngy, gi, tun (gi cho 1 ST hoc 1 danh sch ST) Gi cho tng ST theo cc gi khc nhau, import t file

excel.
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f. Qun l Danh b

Thm/Sa/Xo thng tin contact Lu contact theo nhm Sp xp contact loi thng tin Gi tin ti 1 nhm hoc danh sch contact c chn g. Qun tr h thng Qun l tham s cu hnh thit b Qun l tham s kt ni n CSDL h. Chng tin nhn SPAM Qun l danh sch ST khng nhn tin (blacklist). i. Kt ni nhiu ModemUSB 3G hoc in thoi di ng

Hnh 3.3: Kt ni 3G Kt ni ng thi nhiu Modem(USB 3G), nhn dng modem & PORT kt ni t ng.

Khng gii hn s modem(USB 3G). j. H tr ni dung WAP Push v Tin nhn Flash WAP push: gi ng link wap/web n TD.

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Tin nhn Flash: ton b ni dung tin nhn hin ngay trn mn hnh mobile. Ngi dng c th c ngay m ko phi m xem. Khi xem xong tin nhn t hy m khng lu li trong Inbox ca TD.

Mt s ng dng ca Phn mm gi tin nhn hng lot

Hnh 3.4: Gi tin nhn SMS Phn mm cung cp cho doanh nghip cc gii php SMS hu hiu trong cc hot ng nh: Tip th, chm sc v h tr khch hng: gi 1 ni dung tin nhn n nhiu s TD

Nhn tin tra cu thng tin (t ng): kim tra gi, tn kho, kim tra doanh s, kim tra im thi, im hc

Hot ng sn xut (t ng ha sn xut).

Nhn tin email: Gi email n di ng, v ngc li (gi tin t di ng vo a ch email) Bo c email: Gi tin nhn n di ng ca bn thng bo c 1 email.

Gi tin thng bo n cc nhn vin v khch hng.

Tin nhn 2 chiu cho nhn vin k thut hay nhn vin kinh doanh bng cch tch hp vo cc h thng.
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Nhn hi p t khch hng: gip doanh nghip c c thng tin t cc khch hng trc tip s dng sn phm.

Tin nhn 2 chiu cho vic gim st v iu khin t xa, nh thang my, ta nh, bo mt. Bn khng c mt ti cng ty, h thng t ng thng bo vi bn khi gp s c.

Gii php cho cc ng dng thng mi in t, quy trnh cng vic, cc chin dch marketing.

3.2.4. M hnh 4P v Internet Marketing

Hnh 3.5: M hnh 4P Trong marketing truyn thng, chng ta c kh nhiu m hnh dng phn tch cho mt chin lc marketing. Du l ngi thin v thc hnh hay thin v l thuyt, ngi ch trng hiu qu hay ngi thch m phm, d t d nhiu khi bt u mt cng vic marketing, chng ta u phi s dng mt vi m hnh no . Nhng m hnh ny qua thng nm chng minh c nhng hiu qu nht nh ca n, n gip cho marketer d dng hn v c h thng hn trong cc phn tch ca mnh. Nm nm trc khi bt u vo Sony, chuyn t lm marketing truyn thng sang internet marketing. Khi internet marketing cn kh mi m, c bit l Vit Nam ngay c trn th gii khi cng cha ph bin cm t ny, a s nhng ngi lm marketing online u t vch ra nhng cch lm ring cho mnh. Khi nhiu ngi thng trn
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tr mt cu hi, lm th no ng dng / hoc nng cp nhng m hnh marketing hin c sang cho internet marketing. Marketing Mix mt cm t qu quen thuc vi dn lm marketing. marketing truyn thng chng ta c 4P v sau ny c nng cp ln 7P.

Hnh 3.6: M hnh 4P 4P l ghp t 4 ch Product Price Place Promotion. Rt nhiu ngi, thm ch l nhng ngi ang lm marketing i khi c suy ngh, marketing ch gi gn trong ch P cui: Promotion. H chm chm lm khuyn mi, t chc event, roadshow, hp bo linh nh. Nhng theo cc chuyn gia nhn nh: th t ca 4 ch ny khng phi ngu nhin m sp theo th t quan trng, v vi cc chuyn gia trong nhng vic trn th ci vic m marketer lm nhiu nht li l t quan trng nht. Chng ta lm nhiu nht v n l b ni, v v n chim rt nhiu thi gian v cng sc ca chng ta. Nhng cng vic ny khng nn hn qu nng n v bn cnh chng ta cn c cc agency gip trin khai nhng cng vic ny. iu qiam trng nht vn l sn phm, mun thnh cng trong bt k ngnh kinh doanh no, iu quan trng l phi c sn phm tt, sn phm khng tt th du cho cc yu t sau c lm tt my i na th xc sut thnh cng s gim i rt nhiu. K n l gi ca sn phm, iu ny quan trng khng km, chng ta tng chng kin nhiu sn phm tuy rt tt, cc hot ng marketing rm r, nhng chnh bc nh gi sai lm hng tt c. Vo khong gia nm 2006, khi Ford ra mt th trng Vit Nam dng
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xe Focus S 5 ca, ngi dng Vit Nam v cng ho hc ch i, y l dng xe thnh cng rt ln Chu u v M, thm ch Ford dng Focus S tham gia cc gii Rally v cng rt thnh cng. Do khng c g phi bn ci v kiu dng cng nh cht lng ca xe. Tuy nhin khi ra mt, vi mc gi hn $38000, qua thi gian Focus S chng minh r rng tht bi th trng Vit Nam vi s lng bn ra lo to. V tuy rt tt, tuy nhin Focus S vn ch l dng xe tm trung, nhng vi mc gi trn ca Ford, qu t so vi yu cu ca ngi tiu dng tm trung, cn vi nhng ngi chu tr mc gi cao hn, khi n 38000, h s ngh n vic tr thm mt s tin na s hu dng xe cao hn. Nu bn thm n vic phn khc khch hng cho dng sn phm ny th ta s thy Focus S cng sai lm hn vi mc gi trn. Nhiu ngi ngh gi nh Ford t mt mc gi hp l hn vo khong 30.000, cu chuyn c th khc hn. Place mt cu chuyn khc v knh phn ph: Bia Laser. Sn phm khng hn l hon ho nhng chc chn khng phi l t. Gi c c th l mt sai lm khi m Laser chen chn vo mt phn khc qu nh gia Tiger v Heineken. Promotion khng th nh gi thp nhng chin dch rm r vi cng rt cao ca THP. Nhng cui cng THP thua trong cuc chy ua v knh phn phi vi Bia Si Gn, Tiger, Heineken. V cc chuyn gia cho y l vn ct li lm nn s tht bi ca Laser. l m hnh 4P, n ra i kh lu. Qua thi gian c mt s ngi cho rng 4P khng cn ph hp, chnh xc hn l khng , nn h pht minh ra ci 7P mang tnh nhn vn hn, thm vo 3 ci na l People, Process, Physical Evidence. Mt s chuyn gia vn cho rng 3P mi thm vo tht cht ch l khai trin rng hn t 4 P c. l m hnh marketing mix truyn thng. Vy khi ng dng sang Internet Marketing th nhng thnh phn ny s ra sao? c mt s kin cho rng nn nh x t 4P sang 4C cho Internet Marketing, c
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th Product tng ng vi Customer Solution, Price <-> Customer Cost, Place <-> Convinience, Promotion <-> Communication.

Hnh 3.7: M hnh nh x 4P 4C Tuy nhin vi quan im ca mnh, cc chuyn gia vn ngh 4P vn c th ng dng cho Internet Marketing nh tn gi ca n. PRODUCT u tin, Product. Vn quay tr li v cng n gin, concept ca sn phm th no? nh vo nhu cu no ca khch hng. eBay rt thnh cng khi l sn phm u tin phc v cho nhu cu n gin ca khch hng, bn c vi gi cao nht c th, v h a ra mt sn phm v cng c o thi im , mt m hnh u gi, giao lu mua bn qua mng m vi eBay, n gii quyt c nhng im yu ca internet l tnh khng chc chn, ngi bn ngi mua khng ai bit ai, khng ai tin ai hon ton. Youtube ra i vi mt nhu cu n gin, chia s hnh nh mi chn ri, thch chia s video c! V h gii quyt bi ton nh dng file v streaming kh hon ho. Tng qut li vn , sn phm vn l im quan trng nht. Vy lm th no nh hnh c mt sn phm online tt? Cc chuyn gia cho bm st nhng yu t sau y s gp phn vo iu : - Concept: Trc ht vn l i t mt concept c o, nhng nhu cu cha c gii quyt, marketer cn c nhng nghin cu th trng nhng phn tch tng qut v nhng nm bt nhy bn pht hin ra
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nhng tng s khai ny, sau vi nhng nghin cu th trng, nhng phn tch su hn nhu cu, v phn khc khch hng - Chc nng (Functional): T nhng phn tch trn, ta thit k ln nhng chc nng gii quyt nhng nhu cu vch ra nhu cu y chnh l nhu cu ca khch hng. Bt c khi no trong mt phn tch no, ngi marketer cng phi lun nh rng chng ta phi phn tch ng trn gc ca khch hng mc tiu ca mnh. Marketer c th l mt ngi nhiu tui, nhng khi lm sn phm cho gii tr th phi ng trn gc ca gii tr m phn tch. Tuy nhin, tt nht ng vic ny xy ra, bt ngi cao tui suy ngh kiu gii tr th c ngy c cng ty phi ph sn. - Tin dng (Usablity): Mt concept tt, nhng chc nng p ng ng nhu cu, tt c phi i i vi vic trin khai tt, bc ny, nhng phn tch v Usability, GUI s l v cng cn thit. - Hiu nng (Performance): y l yu cu cui sau khi tha mn nhng yu cu trn. Mt dch v tt, chc nng hon ho, d s dng. li load vi tc chm, thnh thang ri t do hoc treo v thi hn. khng phi l mt sn phm tt. l ci cch khin ngi dng khng a chung website ca chng ta nht. Nhiu chuyn ch ra 4 im trn l quan trng khi thit k mt sn phm online theo dng user-generated content ( tng t nh web2.0), s cn c nhng im thm vo vi mt dch v e-commerce hoc cc dch v khc. PRICE C th chng ta s ni, trn mi trng online th ng ni n Price, ging nh cu ni ca Google Dont be Evil. Tht vy vi a s nhng dch v gn nh l hon ho v c cung cp min ph. Vic ngh n thu tin user tht s l mt vic liu lnh tt nhin vn c

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nhng dch v sng tt nh thu tin user, nhng ch m trn u ngn tay. Vy yu t Price xem nh b i khi p dng internet marketing? Khng, chng ta nn nh gi vn theo mt gc nhn khc, price l mt yu t m tt c nhng g ngi s dng phi tr gi cho dch v ca chng ta. Nu nhn hin tng ny theo kiu gi m, khi chng ta sn xut mt m tr, khch hng mua m tr ca chng ta bn, h tr cho chng ta mt khong tin, l gi dng li ch v tay chng ta (tt nhin l khch hng cng c li ca h nhng y chng ta khng bn kha cnh ). Cn vi mt dch v online, khch hng c li khi h dng dch v ca chng ta (cn chng ta c li t mt hng khc cng l mt kha cnh khc khng bn ti). Hiu theo mt hng khc, l mt dng benefit cho khch hng, dch v cng mang li li ch nhiu cho khch hng, dch v c gi tr dng vi h m h li khng tr mt chi ph no ngha l h ang tr mt chi ph m cho dch v , v chi ph m ny cng cao th chng t chng ta ang a ra mc gi tt. Tt nhin khng phi v vy m chng ta nhi nht hng t chc nng vo dch v, xin nhn mnh rng benefit ny khng o bng s lng m n o bng mc li ch m nhng g ngi dng c c. PLACE Cu hi l mi trng internet khng c bin gii, th th mng li phn phi l v ngha? Mng li phn phi y c th hiu l s thun tin ca khch hng. Twitter c th d dng s dng t trang web chnh ca mnh, nhng twitter vn cung cp thm nhng widget dng cho Daskboard ca my Mac, nhng addons dng cng vi Firefox. Flickr v cng tin li vi trang web, nhng Flickr vn lin tc cp nht cng c upload Flickr Uploadr ca mnh, v gn nh tt c nhng dch v thnh cng hin nay u xy dng nhng API ring kt ni vi dch v ca mnh.
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Ngy nay vi vic pht trin cc thit b Mobile, cc site cn phi xy dng thm nhng cng c phn phi dch v ca mnh trn in thoi di ng, Flickr, Facebook, Amazon, eBay u v ang lm rt tt nhng vic ny. Tt c nhng iu l vic m rng kh nng phn phi ca mnh Place. PROMOTION Cng nh Marketing truyn thng, y l cng vic chim nhiu thi gian ca chng ta. Khc vi Marketing truyn thng, cc chuyn gia cho rng ch P cui ny i vi marketing online chim vai tr quan trng hn. Vi kinh doanh truyn thng, trong mt vi trng hp chng ta c th hot ng khng c ch P ny, c nhng sn phm khi sn xut ra khng h c qung co m a thng v tiu th cc th trng min Ty, v a s nhng sn phm ny khi nu tn th khng ai bit, nhng h vn sng c. Tuy nhin vi Internet, nu lm nh vy ng ngha vi vic chng ta xy mt cng vin gii tr ngoi o v khng cung cp cp treo, bn tu, hay sn bay Khch hng c th t bi ra chi nu mun. Cc cng c qung b cho internet th nh chng ta bit rt nhiu: SEO, Social Marketing, Display Ads, Email Marketing, Affiliate Marketing Vn ct yu l vic chng ta trin khai v ng dng nhng cng c ny nh th no. Vn ny c l rt nhiu ngi bn lun v s cn bn lun nhiu. 3.2.5. Marketing Mobile Mobile marketing, hay gi nm na l tip th di ng, ang pht trin nhanh chng nh nhng tin b cng ngh. Khng ch th ng tha hng nhng kt qu sng to ca cng ngh di ng, m ngc li, ngnh cng nghip di ng v ang c gng to thm nhiu cng c mi cho cc nh kinh doanh thc hin cc chng trnh marketing ca mnh mt cch hiu qu.
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Mobile marketing l mt hnh thc m rng ca SMS marketing, ngoi tr SMS chim n 95%, cc hnh thc nng cao nh MMS, PSMS, WAP s gp phn tng thm cc gi tr thng tin khi c gi i . Theo Hip hi Mobile marketing l vic s dng cc phng tin khng dy l cng c chuyn ti ni dung v nhn li cc phn hi trc tip trong cc chng trnh truyn thng marketing hn hp. Hiu mt cch n gin hn, l s dng cc knh thng tin di ng lm phng tin phc v cho cc hot ng marketing. H thng mobile marketing thc hin c mt chng trnh Mobile marketing, i hi rt nhiu n v tham gia, v y l mt lnh vc cn c c s tc ng ca k thut. Tuy nhin, c th chia lm 4 thnh phn chnh l: - Sn phm v Dch v: Bao gm cc cng ty (ch nhn hiu), cc i l qung co, cc nh cung cp ni dung. - n v cung cp ng dng di ng: L cc n v cung cp ng dng v cng ngh thc hin c mt chng trnh Mobile marketing. - Kt ni: Bao gm cc nh cung cp dch v mng. - Cc phng tin truyn thng: Bao gm bo ch, truyn hnh, internet, email; cc nh bn l, cc chng trnh marketing trc tip Thc cht y chnh l mi trng ca mt h thng Mobile marketing. Hiu qu Mobile marketing l mt cng c ph hp trong cc mc tiu sau y ca marketing: - Th nht, l tng mc nhn bit nhn hiu i vi khch hng.
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- Th hai, to ra mt c s d liu v nhng mi quan tm ca khch hng. - Th ba, nh hng s ch ca khch hng vo cc s kin hoc cc hot ng mua bn, lm tng doanh s bn hng. - Th t, lm tng s trung thnh ca khch hng i vi nhn hiu. Hiu qu ca Mobile marketing, trc tin c th nhn thy ngay s lng khch hng s dng in thoi di ng ngy nay. Theo s liu thng k ca Yankee Group, hin c khong 2,4 t thu bao di ng trn th gii. Cn Vit Nam, s thu bao di ng n gia nm 2007 cng t xp x 20 triu thu bao, v con s ny s cn tng mnh. Quan trng hn, in thoi di ng l phng tin (gn nh duy nht) bn cnh cc v khch hng sut 24 gi trong ngy v 7 ngy trong tun. Liu c phng tin no trong s bo ch, truyn hnh, i pht thanh, internet, c thi gian s hu khch hng lu n th? Thm vo , da trn c s d liu khch hng m cc nh cung cp mng c c vic giao tip vi khch hng thng qua in thoi di ng c th c c nhn ha. Vic giao tip vi khch hng ch n gin l nhng on tin nhn gii thiu sn phm i khi c xp vo tin nhn rc m cc khch hng thnh thong vn nhn c. Ngc li, vic gi thng tin cng nh cc hot ng giao tip khc vi khch hng nn c s ng t trc. Ngoi ra, trong mt chng trnh truyn thng hn hp, cc phng tin thng tin di ng s h tr c lc cho cc phng tin truyn thng nh bo ch, truyn hnh, pht thanh, c bit l kh nng lin lc trc tip, duy tr mi quan h gn b vi khch hng. Trong s cc phng tin truyn thng, th trc tip hay gi in thoi cho khch hng cng c th lm c iu ny nhng vi chi ph tn km hn nhiu so vi vic s dng in thoi di ng hin nay. Cc phng tin ng dng cho Mobile marketing

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Cc ng dng c th a vo hot ng Mobile marketing ngy cng pht trin, tuy nhin, i khi c th bn s cm thy au u vi loi ng dng v nhng t vit tt ca chng, hoc khng bit ng dng no l tt nht cho chng trnh marketing ca bn. SMS Tin nhn vn bn: y l hnh thc n gin v ph bin nht. Cng ty bn c th s dng SMS gi cho khch hng thng tin v cc sn phm mi, chng trnh khuyn mi mi, hay mt li chc mng sinh nht, nhng ni dung ny c th pht trin ra rt nhiu hnh thc khc nhau, ty thuc vo s sng to ca cng ty.Tuy nhin, c mt im hn ch l s k t cho php ca mt tin nhn SMS hin nay ch l 160 k t. V th bn s phi cn nhc tht k v ni dung thng tin gi i. Mt khc, vic gi tin nhn cng nn c s ng trc ca khch hng, nu khng, tin nhn ca cng ty s b xp vo dng tin rc v lm phn tc dng ca chng trnh marketing. PSMS: y l mt dng pht trin hn ca SMS, c mc ph cao hn tin nhn vn bn thng thng v thng c s dng ku gi khch hng tham gia vo mt tr chi d on no , hoc bn cc dch v nh nhc chung, hnh nn cho in thoi di ng. MMS: Tin nhn a phng tin, bao gm c vn bn, hnh nh v m thanh i cng tin nhn. Hnh thc ny mi ch c s dng mt vi nm tr li y cho cc chng trnh marketing ca mt s hng ln trn th gii. L do d hiu l v chi ph cho tin nhn MMS ln hn v khng phi khch hng no ca bn cng c chc nng gi/nhn tin nhn MMS trn in thoi. Tuy nhin, hiu qu n em li c th kh bt ng. WAP: C th hiu n gin l nhng trang web trn in thoi di ng. Tng t nh nhng trang web c xem trn internet, bn c th a thng tin v cng ty hay cc sn phm dch v ca cng ty mnh ln nhng trang wap ny, hoc ph bin hn l cc thng tin h tr khch hng.
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Video xem trn in thoi di ng: Tng t nh tin nhn MMS, tc ng ca video i vi khch hng c th kh bt ng nhng hnh thc ny kh p dng v s hn ch ca c s h tng cng ngh nhiu nc cha cho php, cng nh s thit b c th xem c video di ng cng cha nhiu. 3.2.6. Social Media Marketing l g? SMM ? Tip th mng x hi SMM hin l xu th tt yu ging nh seo cch y 2 nm, ai i trc ngi s chin thng, ai i sau s l chm chn. hy xem slide sau hiu Social Media marketing l g? Trong marketing hin i, cc Marketer khng cn nm th ch ng trong vic truyn ti thng tin n khch hng na, m chnh khch hng mi l ngi ch ng trong vic tip nhn thng tin, vic tip nhn ny da trn: - S lin quan ca thng tin n Ti (khch hng) - Ngi truyn ti thng tin l ai (Marketer hay bn b) iu ny khin cho vic xc nh nhm khch hng v thit lp mi quan h vi h tr nn quan trng hn bao gi ht. y cng l mt trong nhng l do m cc mng X Hi c tc pht trin khng khip hn bao gi ht, mt s thng tin Marketer nn bit: Vy Social Media l g? V bn cht SMM l cc th loi online media, ni m mi ngi c th ni chuyn, tham gia, chia s, lin kt. im chung ca cc SMM l u c h thng discussion, feedback, comment, vote. Theo cc phng tin truyn thng bnh thng th chng ta c khng qu hai cch c th giao tip vi nhau (cc in thoi gi y c th va nghe va thy nhau) nhng vi SMM th chng ta c kh nhiu cch giao tip vi nhau cng mt lc.
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Cc loi hnh SMM C th chng ta bit rt nhiu site trong th loi ny nhng thng th ngh chng chung chung vi nhau, sau y Xa L Mobile Ads xin chia ra thnh cc th loi nh sau: - Social News: Digg, Sphinn, Newsvine chng ta c th c tin t cc topic sau c th vote hoc comment - Social Sharing: Flickr, Snapfish, YouTube chng ta c th to, chia s cc hnh nh, video cho tt c mi ngi - Social Networks: Facebook, LinkedIn, MySpace, v Twitter l nhng i din r rng nht cho loi hnh ny cho php bn b c th tm thy v chia s vi nhau. - Social Bookmarking: Delicious, Faves, StumbleUpon, BlogMarks v Diigo l ni chng ta c th chia s hoc bookmark cc site quan tm. Hin ti cc loi hnh trn l ph bin nht hin nay nu c thiu st loi hnh no mong c cc bn b sung. Cc li ch t Social Media Cc SMM mang li li ch g cho chng ta? C phi ch tha mn cc yu cu c bn khi online? Ni n y chc trong u mi chng ta u c cu tr li ring cho mnh nn Xa L Mobile Ads s a ra cc cu hi bn c th thy r cc li ch hn. Theo thng k, c trong 10 website c tc pht trin nhanh nht th trong c 5 website c ngi dng tng tc nhiu nht qua content? (s liu c Xa L Mobile Ads tng hp qua google Analytics) Vy bn ngh sao nu cc ni dung ny c tng tc trn cc SMM nhiu hn? Bn c bit 67% cc nh kinh doanh cho bit rng cc li khuyn, phn hi trn cc sn phm, dch v n t khch hng? (s liu c
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Xa L Mobile tng hp t Google) Sn phm, dch v ny nu c tng tc vi SMM th con s % cn tng bao nhiu na? Bn c bit 45% ngi dng Internet thng xuyn to cc content online (vit blog, chia s comment)? (s liu c Xa L Mobile Ads tng hp t Google) Bn c bit c hn 1.2 t bi vit trn cc blog mi ngy? (c tng hp t s liu ca wordpress) Vi nhng cu hi trn cng gn nh l cu tr li th chng ta thy nu tng tc tt vi SMM th s nh th no? Hin ti Vit Nam cc cng ty cng bt u ch ti SMM(c nhng cha nhiu) d thy nht l thng qua Facebook - s lng Ads ca cc cng ty, doanh nghip ang ngy mt tng, s lng cc bn tr tn dng knh ny bun bn rt nhiu. iu m chng ta cn ch n SMM u tin l chi ph rt r c bit tn dng th c khi chi ph ch gn bng 0. By gi chng ta c mt s hiu bit c bn v SMM v li ch ca n, bc tip theo l tm hiu thm v cch xy dng chin lc truyn thng x hi ca ring bn.

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3.3. Giao dch in t 3.3.1. An ton d liu trong thanh ton in t An ton ang tr thnh mt trong nhng vn c quan tm nht khi tin hnh thng mi in t. Phn ln cc t chc s dng phi hp nhiu cng ngh m bo an ton. Cc cng ngh ny chia thnh ba nhm chnh: cng ngh an ton truyn thng qua mng, an ton cho cc mng ni b v an ton cho cc my ch v my khch trong cc mng. Di y l cc cng ngh chnh dm bo an ton Thng mi in t thuc ba nhm trn. Kim sot truy cp v xc thc * Danh sch kim sot truy cp Kim sot truy cp v xc thc thuc loi nhng vn n gin nht ca an ton mng. Kim sot truy cp xc nh ai (ngi hoc my) c s dng hp php cc ti nguyn mng v nhng ti nguyn no h c s dng. Cn ti nguyn c th l bt k ci g: cc trang Web, cc file vn bn, c s d liu, cc ng dng, cc my ch, my in, hoc cc ngun thng tin, cc thnh phn mng khc. Thng thng, mt danh sch kim sot truy cp (ACL- Access Control List) xc nh nhng ngi dng no c quyn truy cp v vi nhng quyn truy cp no n nhng ti nguyn no (v d, c, vit, in, copy, xa, sa, di chuyn). Ngm nh, cc quyn ca ngi dng thng l mt h thng tt c cc quyn truy cp y hoc hon ton khng c truy cp. l xut pht im, tuy nhin, sau cn iu chnh quyn truy cp ca tng ngi dng c th. Qu trnh ny thng c n gin ha bng cch xc lp cc v tr hoc nhm ngi dng (v d, nhm qun tr h thng, nhm i din bn hng, phng marketing sn phm, cc i tc thng mi), xc nh quyn truy cp i vi mi v tr hoc mi nhm, c th c th ha quyn ca cc c nhn trong nhm. Ngi dng thng c cp m
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s truy (ID), cc m s ny thng c kim tra khi ngi dng truy cp ln u vo h thng. * S dng mt khu v th trong kim sot truy cp v xc thc Mt khi ngi dng c xc nh, ngi dng cn c xc thc. Xc thc l qu trnh kim tra xem ngi dng c ng l ngi xng danh hay khng. Vic kim tra thng da trn mt hoc nhiu c im phn bit ngi vi nhng ngi khc. Cc c im c th da trn mt ci g m ch mt ngi bit (v d nh mt khu), hoc mt ci g ngi c (v d chic th), hoc ci g l c tnh vn c (v d vn tay). Vic xc thc da trn cc mt khu, tuy nhin, s dng mt khu c an ton khng cao v nhiu ngi dng c thi quen ghi mt khu vo cc v tr d nhn thy, la chn cc gi tr d on bit, hoc sn lng cho nhng ngi khc bit mt khu ca mnh khi c yu cu. Mc bo mt cao hn t c da trn vic kt hp mt ci g m ch mt ngi bit vi mt ci g m ngi c. K thut c bit n nh xc thc hai yu t. Th (tokens) c phn loi nh ci g m ngi c. Th c cc hnh dng v kch thc khc nhau. Th b ng l mt thit b lu tr c cha m b mt. Phn ln th b ng l th nha c gn di t. Ngi dng c th b ng vo mt u t gn kt vi my tnh hoc trm cng tc, sau nhp mt khu v nhn c quyn truy cp vo mng. Th ch ng thng l mt thit b in t nh c lp (v d th thng minh, my tnh b ti, USB) c kh nng sinh ra mt khu mt ln. Trong trng hp ny, ngi dng nhp s PIN vo th, th sinh ra mt khu, mt khu ny ch c dng mt ln, v ngi dng s dng mt khu ny truy cp. * Cc h thng sinh trc trong xc thc
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Xc thc hai yu t c th da trn c tnh vn c ca mt ngi. Soi vn tay, mng mt, h thng nhn dng khun mt, nhn dng ging ni l cc v d v cc h thng sinh trc cho php nhn bit mt ngi qua cc cc du hiu c th. Cc h thng sinh trc hc c th nh dng c mt ngi trong s nhng ngi dng bng cch tm kim cc d liu lu tr trong c s d liu so snh vi cc du hiu va nhn bit, hoc kim tra nhn dng mt ngi qua so snh d liu cc du hiu va nhn bit vi cc version lu tr t cc ln truy cp trc. Vic kim tra sinh trc hc n gin hn nhiu so vi nh dng, do vy kim tra sinh trc hc l qu trnh thng c s dng trong xc thc hai yu t. Trong nhng nm qua, cng ngh an ninh sinh trc hc pht trin cn chm, tuy nhin thi gian gn y cng c nhiu t chc quan tm n cng ngh ny. Nhiu t chc ti chnh quan tm s dng kt hp th thng minh v sinh trc hc xc thc khch hng v m bo tnh chng ph nh trong cc giao dch ngn hng trc tuyn v cc giao dch thng mi. Cc nh cung ng cc h thng POS tm kim s dng sinh trc b sung thm vo h thng xc nhn ch k i vi cc giao dch th tn dng. Sinh trc cng c th nghim trong an ninh quc gia v cc ng dng chnh ph in t, bao gm an ninh hng khng, kim tra h chiu, cc dch v cng cng. Sinh trc hc bao gm sinh trc hc sinh l v sinh trc hc hnh vi. Sinh trc hc sinh l da trc tip trn cc o c cc b phn khc nhau ca c th. Ngc li, sinh trc hc hnh vi da trn cc hnh ng khc nhau v khng trc tip t cc b phn khc nhau ca c th. Trong thc t, sinh trc hc sinh l c s dng thng xuyn hn so vi sinh trc hc hnh vi. Trong s cc sinh trc hc sinh l, nhn dng vn tay, mng mt, bn tray v khun mt l ph bin hn c.
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 trin khai mt h thng xc thc sinh trc hc, cc c tnh sinh hc hoc hnh vi ca ngi tham gia cn c ghi lp nhiu ln vi cc b tr khc nhau, v gi tr trung bnh c s dng to ra dng mu (template) sinh trc hc, hay mu nhn dng. Dng mu c lu tr trong c s d liu dng chui cc s vi dung lng c th dao ng t vi byte i vi hnh dng tay cho n vi ngn byte i vi nhn dng khun hnh mt. Khi mt ngi s dng h thng sinh trc hc, vic soi qut trc tip c thc hin, sau hnh qut c chuyn i thnh cc chui s v c so snh vi dng mu lu tr trong c s d liu. Di y l mt s v d v cc mu dng sinh trc hc. - Qut du vn tay da trn s o c cc ng khng lin tc trong vn tay ca mt ngi. Xc sut trng du vn tay l khong 1 phn t. Hin cc thit b qut du vn tay gn vi my tnh c cung cp vi gi khng cao. - Qut mng mt. Mng mt l phn c mu ca mt bao quanh ng t. Mng mt c mt s vt c bit c th c camera nghi nhn khong cch 3-10 inches so vi mt. Cc vt c bit c th to nn mt mu dng sinh trc hc dng so snh khi nhn dng. - Ghi ging ni. Mi ngi c nhng c im khc nhau trong ging ni nh cng , tn s, nhp iu, v cc c im ny qua mt quy trnh nht nh, c s ha v to thnh cc mu dng lu tr trong c s d liu v s dng so snh khi thit b scan ging ni ca i tng. Trong phn ln cc h thng nhn dng ging ni, ngi dng ni vo microphone hoc telephone. Li ni thng l s nhn dng (ID) hoc mt khu ca ngi dng. Ln sau, khi ngi dng mun truy cp h thng, s nhc li nhng li nghi m. Thit b ghi ging ni kh ph bin v r. - Kim tra qua thao tc g bn phm. Kim tra qua thao tc g
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bn phm da trn gi thit rng cch thc m ngi dng g cc t trn bn phm (p lc, tc , nhp ) l khc nhau gia ngi ny so vi ngi khc, c ghi nhn v qua mt quy trnh nht nh, c s ha v to thnh cc mu dng lu tr trong c s d liu v s dng so snh. Cng tng t nh trng hp trc, t c nhp thng l s nhn dng (ID) hoc mt khu ca ngi dng. Tr ngi ch yu khi s dng phng php ny l cch thc m ngi dng g cc t trn bn phm khng n nh trong cc ln g khc nhau. 3.3.2. Chun quc t v chng ch s v ng dng trong bo mt giao dch in t Mt phng php m kho cng cng khc, c s dng ph bin trong cc giao dch trc tuyn l ch k in t. Trong mi trng s ho, cc ti liu ni chung v cc vn bn ni ring khi gi i, trong nhiu trng hp, gn lin vi trch nhim ca ngi ban hnh v i hi m bo an ton mt mc nht nh. Cng ging nh trong truyn thng, nhng trng hp nh vy ngi ta s s dng ch k in t (Electronic signature) hay ch k s (Digital signature). V mi quan h gia vn bn in t v ch k in t, iu 7, Chng II, o lut mu v thng mi in t (do U ban Lin hp quc v Lut Thng mi quc t) quy nh: Trong trng hp php lut i hi phi c ch k (in t) ca mt ngi no , th thng ip d liu (vn bn) c coi l p ng i hi nu: a) C s dng mt phng php no xc minh c ngi y v chng t c s ph chun ca ngi y i vi thng tin hm cha trong thng ip ; v b) Phng php y l tin cy theo ngha l thch hp cho mc ch m theo thng ip d liu y c to ra v truyn i, tnh n tt c cc tnh hung, bao gm c cc tha thun bt k
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c lin quan.1 Nh vy, ch k in t thc hin chc nng ging nh ch k vit thng thng: l iu kin cn v quy nh tnh duy nht ca vn bn in t c th xc nh r ai l ngi chu trch nhim trong vic to ra vn bn ; v bt k thay i no (v ni dung, hnh thc...) ca vn bn trong qu trnh lu chuyn u lm thay i tng quan gia phn b thay i vi ch k. Lut Giao dch in t ca Vit Nam xc nh ch k in t c to lp di dng t, ch, s, k hiu, m thanh hoc cc hnh thc khc bng phng tin in t, gn lin hoc kt hp mt cch l gc vi thng ip d liu, c kh nng xc nhn ngi k thng ip d liu v xc nhn s chp thun ca ngi i vi ni dung thng ip d liu c k. V mt cng ngh, ch k in t l mt dng ca m ho kho cng cng, c tin hnh trn c s mt k thut m ho Quy trnh gi thng ip s dng ch k in t: 1. To mt thng ip gc gi i; 2. S dng hm bm chuyn t thng ip gc thnh tm tt thng ip. y l bn tm tt ca thng ip gc nhng c s ha; 3. Ngi gi s dng kha ring m ha thng ip s. Thng ip s sau khi c m ha gi l ch k s hay ch k in t. Khng ai ngoi ngi gi c th to ra ch k in t v n c to ra trn c s kha ring; 4. Khi nhn c phong b s ha ngi nhn s dng kha ring ca mnh gii m ni dung ca phong b s ha v nhn c mt bn sao ca thng ip gc v ch k s ca ngi gi;
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5. Ngi nhn s dng kha chung ca ngi gi gii m ch k s v nhn c mt bn sao ca thng ip s gc; 6. Ngi nhn s dng cng mt hm bm chuyn thng ip gc thnh thng ip s nh bc 2 ngi gi lm; 7. Ngi nhn so snh thng ip s va to ra v bn copy ca thng ip s nhn c bc 7; 8. Nu hai thng ip s trng nhau, c th kt lun thng ip gc c xc thc; 9. Ngi gi m ha c thng ip gc v ch k s s dng kha chung ca ngi nhn. Thng ip gc v ch k s sau khi c m ha gi l phong b s ha; 10. Ngi gi gi phong b s ha cho ngi nhn. Mt yu cu khc i vi ch k l kh nng gip phn bit r s khc bit gia bn gc v bn sao. Vi ch k thng thng, n gin l ch cn nhn trc tip vo ch k ta cng c th phn bit c. Nhng vi vn bn in t, vn khng n gin nh vy. Bin php gii quyt vn ny l gn cho ch k in t mt nhn thi gian: sau mt thi gian nht nh qui nh bi nhn , ch k in t gc s khng cn hiu lc. ng thi chng gi mo ch k in t, cn thit phi c mt c quan chng nhn v mt c ch xc nhn theo kiu truyn thng. Ch k in t l bng chng hp php dng v khng nh trch nhim ca ngi k vn bn in t v ni dung ca n v tnh nguyn gc ca vn bn in t sau khi ri khi ngi k n.

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3.4. Mt s ng dng kinh t in hnh da trn ASP 3.4.1. Cng ngh BizTalk Server v ng dng trong quy trnh kinh doanh 3.4.3.1. Tng quan v Gii php Microsoft Biztalk Server Microsoft BizTalk Server, hay cn gi l BizTalk l mt gii php phn mm dnh cho my ch dng qun l quy trnh kinh doanh ca doanh nghip. Thng qua vic s dng cc Adapters, BizTalk c th giao tip vi nhng h thng phn mm khc nhau ang c s dng trong mt doanh nghip ln, ni mt cch khc BizTalk c th lin kt nhng h thng phn mm khc nhau trong mt doanh nghip; BizTalk gip doanh nghip t ng ha v tch hp cc quy trnh kinh doanh ca doanh nghip. Theo Microsoft, BizTalk c nhng chc nng sau: T ng ha qui trnh kinh doanh, M hnh ha quy trnh kinh doanh, Giao dch B2B, Tch hp ng dng cho doanh nghip, Truyn thng ip. Trong thc t, BizTalk gip cc doanh nghip tch hp v qun l cc qui trnh kinh doanh bng cch trao i nhng chng t kinh doanh nh: n t hng, ha n gia nhng ng dng khc nhau hoc gia cc h thng khc nhau. Tng quan kin trc h thng Kin trc BizTalk c xy dng nhm cung cp cc gii php gii quyt 3 vn ln sau: Kt ni cc ng dng khc nhau ang c s dng trong mt trong mt doanh nghip hay mt t chc (Cn gi l EAI Enterprise Application Integration). Chc nng ny c th c cung cp nh mt dch v p dng cho nhiu doanh nghip kin trc hng dch v (SOA - Service-oriented Architecture). Kt ni cc ng dng khc nhau gia cc doanh nghip, t chc khc nhau, business-to-business (B2B) integration.
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 H tr vic t ng ha quy trnh kinh doanh v qun l qui trnh kinh doanh.

Hnh 3.8: Kin trc BizTalk Server Theo , BizTalk c 2 phn chnh: Phn thng ip (Messaging): Cung cp kh nng giao tip gia cc phn mm khc nhau. Trong Phn thng ip c nhng phn khc nhau, mi phn gm mt tp hp cc adapter. Mi mt adapter c th c ci t mt cng ngh giao tip, trao i d liu ring, v d nh cc dch v Web, hoc trao i trong cc ng dng c th, nh l SAP ERP.

Phn Orchestration: Phn ny h tr vic to lp v vn hnh cc quy trnh di dng ha. BizTalk Sever h tr rt mnh vic qun l qui trnh kinh doanh (business process management - BPM) thng qua 2 cng ngh quan trng trong BPM l: Cng c thit lp qui tc kinh doanh (Business Rule Engine - BRE), Cng c kim tra hot ng kinh doanh (Business Activity Monitoring - BAM).
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Ngoi ra, BizTalk cn p dng tiu chun cng ngh TMT tin tin: vi b chuyn i (Adapter) c th c dng trao i cc thng ip, d liu t bn trong vi cc i tc kinh doanh, trong trng hp mun m bo qu trnh gi thng ip an ton v ng tin cy th phi p dng giao thc ebMS 2.0 (kinh doanh in t Message Service) trong qu trnh truyn nhn thng ip. Hin nay, mt s t chc, cng ty trn th gii c sng kin iu chnh vic trao i thng ip, d liu sao cho ph hp vi chun ebMS 2.0 ny (v d h thng chm sc sc khe bn o Scandinavia, cc c quan chnh ph H Lan, tp on General Motors, cc cng ty sn xut t ti M, Canada). Vi chun kinh doanh in t, BizTalk Server c Microsoft nh pht trin, ng dng rng ri trong lnh vc trao i thng tin gia cc doanh nghip theo m hnh B2B. B chuyn i ny bao gm mt tp hp cc orchestrations, pipelines v mt c s d liu theo di. Vic thc hin cc thao tc admin trn CSDL thng qua giao din Console v cc chc nng lu tr. B chuyn i ebMS s dng BizTalk Server c xy dng da trn cc giao thc HTTP(/s), FTP v SMTP trong trao i d liu vi kin trc m bo kh nng m rng. 3.4.3.2. Cng ngh truyn thng ip trong Microsoft Biztalk Server Cng ngh truyn thng ip trong Microsoft Biztalk Server nm trong Phn thng ip (Messaging) ca kin trc h thng. Cc chc nng chnh ca phn ny l: Nhn thng ip Phn tch v xc nh nh dng ca thng ip nh gi ni dung thng ip xc nh ni n c chuyn n v x l

Chuyn thng ip n ni tng ng Theo di tnh trng ca ti liu

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Hnh 3.9: M hnh nhn truyn thng ip trong Biztalk Server M t qu trnh nhn, truyn thng ip trong Biztalk Server: Thng ip vo H thng Biztalk Server thng qua mt cng nhn (Recevice Port). Mi cng nhn c mt hoc nhiu a im nhn. Mi a im nhn c cu hnh bi mt b chuyn i (Adapter) dng xc nh phng thc giao tip dng kt ni v nhn d liu t mt h thng hoc mt ng dng bn ngoi, chng hn nh: 1 th mc cc tp tin, 1 trang web HTTP, 1 c s d liu SQL, hoc ng dng ca 1 bn th ba.

Thng ip nhn c c x l bi mt ng nhn (Recevice Pipeline). Mt Recevice Pipeline c cha nhiu thnh phn vi cc tnh nng nh: gii m thng ip, chia nhm cc thng ip, chuyn thng ip t nh dng ban u sang nh dng XML, hoc c th chng thc ch k s trn thng ip. Cc cng nhn c th c cu hnh theo mt hoc nhiu Biu d liu (Map), Biu d liu cho php chuyn thng ip d liu vi cu trc ny sang mt cu trc khc. Biu d liu c s dng chuyn i cc thng ip t nhiu nh dng khc nhau sang nh
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dng ni b hoc nh dng c s dng thng nht trong H thng BizTalk. Sau , thng ip ny s c chuyn n c s d liu Microsoft SQL Server, cn c gi l Hp cha thng ip (Message Box). Khi thng ip n Hp cha thng ip, H thng thng qua nhng thnh phn d liu lin quan n thng ip xc nh nhng cng hoc nhng Orchestration lin quan m thng ip c chuyn n. Mt Orchestration m t logic vn hnh ca mt quy trnh cng vic. Mi mt quy trnh c th c m t bi mt hoc nhiu Orchestration. Mi mt Orchestration bao gm nhiu hnh lin kt vi nhau, mi hnh c mt ngha ring v dng m t iu kin, vng lp, cc thi quen, hot ng trong mt quy trnh. Mt thng ip c th c x l bi mt Orchestration hoc khng, sau c chuyn n Cng gi (Send Port). Cng gi c th s dng Bn d liu chuyn nh dng thng ip v tin hnh x l thng ip ti ng gi (Send Pipeline). ng gi (Send Pipeline) c th chuyn thng ip t nh dng XML s dng trong Biztalk Server sang nh dng ni cn chuyn n, ng thi tin hnh m ha thng ip nhm m bn an ton thng tin trong qu trnh truyn thng ip. Sau , Send Pipeline s dng Biu kt ni v truyn d liu sang h thng hoc ng dng bn ngoi. Phn Thng ip (Messaging) ca Biztalk Server c th giao tip c vi nhiu h thng v ng dng khc nhau. N h tr vic chuyn i d liu t nh dng ny sang nh dng khc da trn cc chun. Biztalk Server ph thuc vo vic s dng nhng ti liu c cu trc cho tt c cc thng ip giao dch trong Biztalk. Khng quan tm n nh dng ca thng ip gi n (v d: XML, flat-file hoc EDI),
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Phn Thng ip v phn Orchestration ch x l cc thng ip di nh dng XML. t mt ng dung x l thng ip c bn, nh pht trin phi lm nhng vic sau: To ra nh ngha cu trc (Schema) cho tt c cc loi thng ip c x l bi BizTalk Server. Chuyn i d liu (Mapping Data) chuyn d liu t mt cu trc ny sang cu trc khc. Cu hnh cc cng nhn v cc a im nhn c th nhn cc thng ip. Cu hnh cc cng gi gi d liu cho h thng bn ngoi. To mt Pipeline p ng cc yu cu ca x l thng ip. Xy dng cc cu trc (Schema): Biztalk Server cung cp hn 8000 Schema khc nhau h tr cc chun thng ip d liu ang s dng ph bin hin nay nh EDIFACT v X12.

Hnh 3.10: Mn hnh cng c xy dng Schema Chuyn i d liu

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Ngi dng c th s dng Biu d liu trong BizTalk chuyn i thng ip u vo t cu trc ny thnh mt thng ip u ra mang cu trc khc.

Hnh 3.11: Biu d liu trong BizTalk Mt biu d liu nh ngha mi quan h gia cu trc d liu u vo vi cu trc gi liu u ra thng qua cc kt ni v cc Functoid. 3.4.3.3. S dng BizTalkServerAdministration Console BizTalkServer Administration Console l mt Microsoft Management Console(MMC) m bn c th s dng qun l v gim st BizTalk Server, v bn c th s dng trin khai v qun l cc ng dng BizTalkServer ca bn. Pha tri ca BizTalkServer Administration Console l giao din hnh cy bao gm cc th mc v th mc con i din cho cc thnh phn m bn c th qun l.

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Khi bn chn mt node trong cy giao din hnh cy, ca s chi titpha trn bn phi ca Administration Console hin th thng tin v cc item. La chn node BizTalk Server 2010 Administration trong giao din hnh cy hin th trang bt u, trong c nhng hnh ng bn c th thc hin, chng hn nh kt ni vi mt nhm BizTalkServer hin ti. Ngoi ra, cc trang bt u bao gm lin kt n cc ti liu BizTalkServer v cc trang web cng ng trc tuyn. Cc thnh phn ca Biztalk Server Bn c th qun l cc thnh phn sau bng vic s dng giao din BizTalk Server Administration: Biztalk Group: Node Biztalk Group trong giao din hnh cy bao gm cc node b sung i din cho cc thnh phn (cc ng dng, cc i tc tham gia v vic ci t h iu hnh) cho nhm Biztalk. Cc nhm Biztalk l cc n v ca t chc thng i din cho cc doanh nghip, s, ban, trung tm hoc n v kinh doanh khc m yu cu cha cc thao tc thc hin ca Biztalk Server. Mt Biztalk Group c mi quan h mt-mt vi c s d liu Biztalk Management.

Khi la chn node Biztalk Group trong giao din Biztalk Server Administrator, trang BizTalk Server Group Hub c hin th trong ca s chi tit.Trong trang BizTalk Server Group Hub cung cp cho mt ci nhn tng th v tnh trng ca h thng Biztalk Server ca bn. Orchestration: Orchestration c thit k bng vic s dng Orchestration Designer v c trin khai ti nhm Biztalk v xut hin trong giao din Administrator.

RoleLinks: Mt role link xc nh mi quan h gia cc role bng cch nh ngha gi tin v cc loi cng c s dng trong cc giao dch theo c hai hng.

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Send port groups: Mt send port group l mt tp hp cc tn m bn c th s dng gi cng mt gi tin ti nhiu ch trong mt thao tc cu hnh duy nht.

Send ports: Mt send port l mt i tng Biztalk s gi gi tin.

Receive ports: Mt receive port l nhm logic cc v tr nhn tng t nhau. Receive locations: Mt receive location c xc nh l mt a ch c th m ti cc ti liu gi n n kt hp vi mt ng ng BizTalk Server m qu trnh x l cc tin nhn nhn c ti a ch .

Policies: Mt policy l mt tp hp cc phin bn ca cc quy tc kinh doanh.

Schemas: Mt schema l mt cu trc ca mt gi tin. Mt schema c th bao gm nhiu schema con.

Maps: Mt map l mt file XML m n xc nh s tng ng gia cc bn ghi vi cc trng trong cc tiu chun ca file ny v cc bn ghi v cc trng trong cc tiu chun ca file khc. Mt map gm mt stypesheet XSL m c s dng bi Biztalk Server thc hin vic chuyn i c m t trong map.

Pipelines: Mt pipeline l c s h tng phn mm gip xc nh v lin kt mt hoc nhiu cng on x l, thc thi chng theo th t quy nh hon thnh mt nhim v c th. Pineline phn chia qu trnh x l thnh cc cng on, tru tng ha m t mt loi cng vic. Chng cng xc nh trnh t m mi loi cng vic thc hin.

Resources: Mt resource l mt bn tho, assembly c trin khai hoc cc file khc c lin quan n ng dng.

Parties: Mt party l mt thc th bn ngoi ca Biztalk Server m tng tc vi mt orchestration. Tt c cc thnh vin trong hp ng
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t chc ca bn c xem l nhng i tc, v t chc ca bn c th c hng ngn i tc. Platform Settings: Node platform setting cha cc node con cho cc host, cc thc th host, c s d liu MessageBox v cc b chuyn i.

Hosts: Node host cha tt c cc qu trnh bn trong v cc host c tch bit trong mi trng Biztalk Server. Mt Biztalk Host l mt bnh cha logic cho cc item nh b iu khin chuyn i, cc v tr nhn (bao gm cc pipeline), v orchestration. Host Instances: Node Host Instance cha tt c cc i tng host trong nhm Biztalk Server hin ti. Host instances l qu trnh chy thc ca Biztalk Server thc thi cc thnh phn ng dng ca bn.

S dng node Host Instance, bn c th to mt i tng host mi v lm mi thng tin cc i tng host.

Servers: Node Server lit k tt c cc Server m c join ti nhm Biztalk Server. y l cc my tnh ni Biztalk Server c ci t v cu hnh, v ni m cc i tng host ang chy. Cc host instances c to bng cch kt hp mt server vi mt host no . Message Boxes: Node Message Boxes cha tt c c s d liu MessageBox c s dng bi nhm Biztalk Server hin ti. Vic s dng node message boxes, bn c th to mt c s d liu MessageBox mi v lm mi thng tin MessageBox. C s d liu MessageBox l c s cho vic qu trnh cn bng ti trng thnh phn cng vic thng qua cc server m x l tp th. Mt thnh phn cng vic c th thng qua mt c s d liu
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MessageBox nhiu hn mt ln trong qu trnh x l n. Tn ca c s d liu MessageBox khng th vt qu 100 k t.

Adapters: Node Adapter cha cc node con cho tt c cc b chuyn i bn gi v bn nhn c cu hnh nhm Biztalk Server v b x l chuyn i lin quan. B chuyn i l trung tm tin nhn c s dng gi v nhn gi tin gia cc thit b u cui.

Kt ni cc h thng Vic trao i thng ip hiu qu thng qua cc phn mm khc nhau trn cc my khc nhau l mt yu cu cn thit cho vic hi nhp. Vi s a dng ca cc kiu truyn thng ang tn ti, Biztalk Server 2010 phi c h tr nhiu giao thc v nhiu nh dng thng ip. Trong phn m t tip theo, mt im quan trng ca engine c dnh lm cng vic truyn thng ny. Mt thc t quan trng lun c trong t tng, tuy nhin, engine ch lm vic vi nhng ti liu XML ni b.Thng ip n bt k nh dng no u phi c chuyn i thnh dng XML sau khi n c nhn.Tng t, bn nhn ti liu khng chp nhn dng XML th engine chuyn i n thnh nh dng mong i ca bn nhn. Qu trnh nhn v gi thng ip V BizTalkServer2010 phi ni chuyn vi mt lot cc phn mm khc, n da trn b chuyn i lm cho tt. Mt adapter l mt thc hin ca c ch truyn thng, nh l mt giao thc ring. Mt nh trin khai xc inh cc adapter s dng trong tnh hung a ra. Anh ta c th chn mt trong nhng adapter m Biztalk Server 2010 cung cp, v d: s dng mt adapter c to cho mt sn phm ph bin nh WindowsSharePointServices hoc thm ch c th to adapter ty chnh. Trong mi trng hp, adapter c xy dng
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da trn mt chun gi l Adapter Framework. Framwork cung cp mt cch ph bin to v chy cc adapter, v n cng h tr cc cng c tng t c s dng qun l tt c cc kiu adapter. Microsoft BizTalk Server 2010 bao gm cc adapter sau y: File adapter FTP adapter HTTP adapter MSMQ adapter WebSphere MQ adapter POP3 adapter SMTP adapter SOAP adapter WCF adapters Windows SharePoint Services (WSS) adapter

Qu trnh x l thng ip: Pipeline Cc ng dng l c s ca qu trnh truyn thng x l nghip v bng cch trao i cc loi ti liu khc nhau, v d; n t hng v ha n.Biztalk Server 2010 ng dng thc hin mt quy trnh nghip v, n phi c kh nng x l ng vi cc thng ip c cha cc ti liu ny. Qu trnh x l ny c th bao gm nhiu bc v do c thc hin bi mt pipeline. Cc tin nhn gi n c x l thng qua pipeline nhn v cc tin nhn i ra c i qua pipeline gi. V d, c nhiu ng dng c thit k hiu c ti liu XML, c l ngy nay hu ht cc ng dng l khng th.V Biztalk Server 2010 ch lm vic vi ti liu XML, n phi cung cp cch chuyn i thnh nh dng XML hoc t nh dng XML. Cc dch v khc cng c th c yu cu nh xc thc ngi gi thng ip
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3.4.3.4 Tch hp ng dng doanh nghip Microsoft BizTalk Server cung cp mt mi trng pht trin v thi gian thc cho vic tch hp ng dng v qun l quy trnh nghip v (BPM).Hng dn ny trnh by mt bi tp t u n cui trong vic thit lp v trin khai mt gii php tch hp ng dng doanh nghip (EAI) s dng BizTalk Server. i) Tnh hung doanh nghip Contoso l mt ca hng bn hng trc tuyn phn cng v phn mm my tnh. Gn y cng ty thu mua h thng qun l ti nguyn doanh nghip (ERP) qun l cng ty. Trong hng dn ny, bn s pht trin mt gii php tch hp ng dng doanh nghip (EAI) s dng BizTalk Server tch hp mt h thng warehouse hin c vi h thng ERP, v t ng ho quy trnh yu cu kho hng. ii) C mt s thch thc cho gii php tch hp ny: Truyn thng ip: H thng warehouse v h thng ERP c th tn ti trn hai h iu hnh khc nhau v c th s dng cc giao thc truyn khc nhau gi v nhn thng ip. H thng ny phi c kh nng nhn cc thng ip s dng giao thc c h tr bi h thng gi v forward cc gi tin s dng cc giao thc c h tr bi h thng nhn. Biztalk Server s dng b chuyn i cho vic vn chuyn cc gi tin. C nhiu b chuyn i i km vi bn ci t Biztalk Server v gi Biztalk Adapter.

Chuyn i thng ip: C nhiu kiu gi tin (XML, EDI). XML l kiu file trung tm ca Biztalk Server. Trong hu ht cc trng hp, bn chuyn i gi tin gi n thnh file dng XML u tin. Quy trnh ny c gi l phn tch c php. Ngoi ra, bn c th chuyn i file dng XML thnh cc kiu khc. Quy trnh ny gi l tun t ha.

Qun l quy trnh doanh nghip: Hu ht cc tnh hung EDI l chuyn tip cc thng ip n gin hn t mt h thng ny n
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h thng khc. Chng thng lin quan n nhiu h thng v nhiu lung cng vic phc tp. Trong tnh hung ny, warehouse gi mt thng ip yu cu b sung hng tn kho. Tnh hung l khi nhn c thng bo v kim tra grand total ca thng bo. Nu grand total ln hn mt mc nht nh th loi b yu cu t ng v gi mt gi tin decline v ngc li chuyn tip yu cu ti h thng ERP. S sau minh ha qu trnh kinh doanh:

Hnh 3.12: Quy trnh kinh doanh s dng BizTalk Chun b: C mt s thng tin c bn bn phi thu thp trc khi xy dng mt gii php tch hp ca Biztalk Server: C bao nhiu ng dng/h thng m gii php Biztalk Server cn tihcs hp? Trong trng hp ny, c 2 h thng: h thng ERP v warehouse. Nhng giao thc truyn no c h tr bi cc ng dng no? n gin ha gii php ny chng ta gi nh l c hai h thng s dng cc file. H thng ware hy b cc file trong mt folder. Gii

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php Biztal Server chn cc file trong folder, x l cc file v hy b cc yu cu t folder khc m h thng ERP gim st. Nhng kiu thng ip c s dng bi cc ng dng g? n gin ha gii php chng ta gi s c hai ng dng s dng kiu XML. Lc Biztalk l mt ti liu nh danh cu trc ca d liu XML trong cc thng ip ca Biztalk v mc ch ca n l to cc mu cho qu trnh x l v xc thc cc thng ip XML. Biztalk Server i km vi Biztalk Editor to cc lc Biztalk. Quy trnh x l kinh doanh l g?

iii) Kin trc Biztalk Server y l iu c ch hiu Biztalk Server thc hin gii php nh th no?Hnh minh ha sau y ch ra lung d liu thng qua Biztalk Server.

Hnh 3.13: Kin trc Biztalk Server

H thng warehouse hy mt yu cu ti mt th mc cc

file V tr Biztalk Server nhn c cu hnh vi mt b chuyn i File v ng ng truyn file XML. B chuyn i File thm d file thng xuyn t cc th mc file. Khi mt thng ip c nhn, BizTalk Server messaging engine y thng ip thng qua mt ng ng. Bi v cc gi tin yu cu c nh dng XML, do ng ng
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truyn file XML c s dng trong trng hp ny. ng ng truyn file XML chc chn rng cc gi tin c nh dng file XML. Sau tin nhnclu trongc s d liuMessageBox. Khi Orchestration Engine thng bo mt gi tin sn sng c x l bi Orchestration, n to mt i tng orchestration. Ty thuc vo grand total ca thng ip, Orchestration Engine lu cc gi tin yu cu hoc cc gi tin t chi yu cu ti c s d liu MessageBox.

Mt ln na, ty thuc vo cc gi tin yu cu hoc cc gi tin t chi yu cu, Orchestration Engine s dng c hai cng gi x l gi tin. Orchestration Engine u tin y gi tin thng qua mt ng ng truyn XML v sau s dng b chuyn i File gi cc gi tin ti cc th mc file khc nhau da trn vic cu hnh cng gi. C hai h thng warehouse v ERP theo di cc th mc c ch nh nhn cc thng ip. 3.4.2. Ngn hng in t (E-Banking) 3.4.2.1. Ngn hng in t l g? Ngn hng in t ting anh l Electronic Banking, vit tt l Ebanking. C rt nhiu cch din t khc nhau v Ngn hang in t, song nhn chung Ngn hang in t c hiu l mt loi hnh thng mi v ti chnh ngn hng c s tr gip ca cng ngh thng tin, c bit l my tnh v cng ngh mng. Ni ngn gn, Ngn hng in t l hnh thc thc hin cc giao dch ti chnh ngn hng thng qua cc phng tin in t.

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Hnh 3.14: S tng qut ca giao dch ngn hng in t 3.4.2.2 Cc dch v ngn hng trc tuyn a. H thng thanh ton in t ti cc im bn (EFTPOS) Khch hng s dng th tn dng( credit card) hoc th ghi n trc tip (direct debit card) thc hin cc giao dch mua bn. My c th ti cc im bn hng s kt ni vi trung tm chng thc khch hng thc hin vic chng thc th, chp thun/ t chi giao dch mua bn. b. My rt tin ng( Automatic Machines ATM) Khch hng dung tehr tn dng ( credit card) hoc th ghi n trc tip (dicrect debit card) rt tin mt. My rt tin t ng s chng thc th sau khi ngi s dng np m s s dng c nhn (Peronal Identity Number PIN). hn ch ri ro trong trng hp b mt th v l m s nhn dng cc nhn, khch hng v ngn hng c th nhn dng iu chnh hn mc rt tin mt ph thuc vo s d trong ti khon thanh ton ca khch hng. Mi ngn hng thng a ra cc loi
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my ATM ring ca ngn hng mnh. Khch hng rt tin ti cc my ATM ca ngn hng m mnh c ti khon. Tuy nhin, khch hng cng c th rt tin t my ATM ca ngn hng khc nhng phi tr mt mc ph, thng thng l 0,2%. c. Dch v ngn hng qua in thoi (telephone banking) Khch hng s gi in thoi n trung tm cung cp dch v bng mt (hoc nhiu ) s in thoi c cung cp. c chng thc l khch hng hp l, khch hng s phi np m s nhn dng cc nhn (PIN) hoc mt khu bng cch s dng cc phm trn in thoi. Thng thng, dch v ngn hng trn in thoi ch p dng mt s dch v ngn hng c bn nh kim tra s d ti khon hoc bo co chi tiu ca khch hng. d. Dch v ngn hng ti nh (Home banking hoc PC banking) thc hin dch v ny, khch hng phi c trang b my tnh vi cu hnh ph hp, thit b iu bin/gii bin (modem), ng in thoi truy cp v c bit l phi c chng trnh phn mm c ci t trn my, tng thch vi phn mm cung cp dch v. Khch hng s quay s trc tip kt ni vi trung tm cung cp dch v qua ng in thoi bnh thng. Sauk hi thc hin cc bc chng thc ( nhp s PIN hoc mt khu giao dch), khch hng s c quyn thc hin cc giao dch ngn hng t my tnh c nhn. e. Dch v ngn hng qua mng my tnh ton cu(Internet banking) Dch v ny tng t nh dch v ngn hng ti nh. Cc thit b cn c bao gm my tnh c nhn, modem v ng truy cp in thoi. Tuy nhin thay v quay s in thoi kt ni trc tip vi trung tm dch v ngn hng th khch hng s dng Internet banking cn phi truy cp vo Internet thng qua mt (hoc nhiu) nh cung cp dch v Internet (Internet Services Provider ISP) bng hnh thwucs quay s in thoi (dial up) thng thng hoc s dng ng truyn thu bao
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(leased line) tc cao. Ngoi ra, trong khi khch hng s dng dch v ngn hng ti nh cn phi c phn mm c thit k dnh ring cho vic kt ni vi ngn hng cung cp dch v th khch hng s dng Internet banking hu nhu khng cn phn mm c bit no ( mt s ngn hng cung cp Internet banking c th yu cu khch hng ci t b sung mt s chng trnh bo v ring bit). Khch hng s dng Internet banking hin nay c th d dng truy cp vo trang web cung cp cc dch v ngn hng thng qua trnh duyt Internet ( Internet web browser). Hin ti, cc ngn hng cng i su vo vic m rng cc hnh thc thanh ton. Trong dch v Internet banking, nhiu ngn hng a ra cc giao din tng i rng cho khch hng tin s dng. V d nh giao din e-banking ca ngn hng ANZ phn chia thnh nhiu hnh thc thanh ton khc nhau, phn chia thnh nhiu i tng cho khch hng d dng la chn, tin s dng.

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Hnh 3.15- Giao din ngn hng in t ANZ Mi giao dch nh chuyn tin, m th tn dng (L/C) cho hp ng mua bn gia cc nh xut nhp khu, m th bo lnhu c th thc hin trc tuyn. Khch hng khng phi ch than n tr s ngn hng m vn c th thc hin cc giao dch thng qua mt chng trnh do ngn hng ci t ti vn phng ca khch hng. Chng trnh ny cho php truy cp n my ch ca ngn hng 24/24h, 7 ngy/1 tun. Mi khch hng s c mt mt m truy cp ring (password) vo chng trnh ny. Cc dch v ch yu ngn hng cung cp qua mng thng tin ton cu Dch v c cung cp (T l % ca cc Loi hnh dch v giao Dch ti ngn hng Internet) Tt c cc ngn hng Ngn hng quc gia Yu cu kim tra s d 98.1 98.1 ti khon v chuyn tin Thanh ton chng t 75.4 80.7 in t Thc hin cc giao dch 24.1 39.1 Internet banking M ti khon mi 19.5 24.8 Np n xin vay vn 12.8 17.4 Thc hin cc giao dch 18.2 19.9 IB v ngn hng ti nh Ngun: s liu ca C quan Kim sot Tin T Hoa k f. Dch v ngn hng qua v tuyn truyn hnh tng tc (Interactive TV) Dch v ny thng c cung cp trn c s h thng truyn hnh cp (cable TV). Ngn hng s tn dng ng truyn hnh cp tch hp ng truyn cung cp cc dch v ngn hng. Khch hng s dng
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mn hnh ti TV thng thng truy cp vo dch v ngn hng thng qua vic nhp m s nhn dng c nhn hoc mt khu. truy cp vo cc dch v khc nhau trn mn hnh, khch hng s s dng b iu khin t xa thng thng hoc c thit k ring cho vic s dng dch v ngn hng qua v tuyn truyn hnh tng tc. ay l hnh thc dch v tin li cho khch hng v hu nh gia nh no cng c v tuyn. Tuy nhin, do tnh cht bo mt v ring t ca cc giao dch ngn hng nn dch v ny t c khch hng chp thun. g. Dch v ngn hng qua mng vin thng khng dy (wireless communications network) hay mobile banking y l loi hnh dch v ngn hng hin i da trn cng ngh vin thng khng dy ca mng di ng (mobile network) bao gm vic thc hin dch v ngn hng bng cch kt ni in thoi di ng (mobile phone) vi trung tm cung cp dch v ngn hng in t ( tng t nh Home/PC banking) v kt ni Internet trn in thoi di ng s dng giao thc truyn thng WAP (Wireless Application Protocol). Dchj v ngn hng qua mng vin thng khng dy yu cu khch hng cn c trang b thit b kt ni thch hp v c ci t chng trnh phn mm ph hp. S ph bin ca in thoi di ng trn th gii cng vi s pht trin nhanh chng v cng ngh vin thng trong nhng nm gn y cho thy vic cung cp cc dch v ngn hng bng in thoi di ng l mt hng pht trin chin lc di hn ca cc ngn hng trn th gii. 3.4.2.3. Cc phng tin thanh ton in t a. Th thanh ton Giao dch thanh ton bng th tn dng trong thng mi in t cng tng t nh h thng thanh ton th tn dng trong thng mi truyn thng. Trong giao dch th tn dng trn Internrt , khch hng xut trnh th tn dng v ngi bn kim tra tnh xc thc ca th
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thanh ton. Ngi bn hng thng qua ngn hng pht hnh th kim tra s tin trong ti khon ca khch hng m bo kh nng thanh ton v thc hin cc th tc nhn khon tin thanh ton ca khch hng. Ton b qu trnh giao dch hoc thanh ton th tn dng c th c x l trc tuyn theo 2 cch: - Gi s th tn dng cha m ha trn internet : ton b cc thng tin lien qua n giao dch bao gm cc thng tin gii thiu v hng ha mu n t hng (t pha ngi bn hng) hp ng mua hng (t pha nguwoif mau) u c chuyn pht trn internet di dng ngn ng lin kt siu vn bn (http) khng m ha, cch giao dch ny khng an ton v bo mt thng tin th thp. - M ha cc thng tin chi tit v th tn dng trc khi thc hin mt giao dch: Cc thng tin lien qua n giao dch v cc thng tin lien quan n th thanh ton c m ha trc khi truyn i trn Internrt. Nu ton b thng tin truyn pht gia ngi mua v ngi bn u c m ha, ngi bn c php gii m cc thng tin chi tit lien quan n vic t hng hon tt qu trnh t hng. b. Chuyn khon in t (EFT) H thng EFT c thit k chuyn mt khon tin c th t ti khon ny ti ti khon khc. Phng thc thanh ton ny c t lu trc khi thng mi in t ra i. Cc thit b s dng l c my giao dch t ng (ATM) my tnh c nhn v cc thit b in thoi. Cc ngn hng s dng mng gi tr gia tng chuyn bit giao dch vi nhau qua trung tm b tr t ng (ACH Automated Clearing house)

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Hnh 3.16: Chuyn khon in t trn Internet (Ngun: Giao dch thng mi in t-Mt s vn c bn-TS. Nguyn Vn Minh-Trn Hoi Nam-NXB Chnh tr quc gia 2002) c im khc nhau gia chuyn khon in t trong thng mi truyn thng v chuyn khon in t trn Internet l ch trong chuyn khon in t trn Internet l thng tin phi qua cc cng thanh ton (GateWaypayment) Cng thanh ton nm gia mng cng cng v mng ngn hng truyn thng. chc nng ch yu ca n l gii m gi s liu do mng cng cng truyn n ng thi ng gi li s liu theo giao thc thng tin trong ni b h thng ngn hng. Tip nhn thng tin phn hi t pha ngn hng chuyn i s liu thnh format s liu ri chuyn a ln mng truyn thng, ng thi tin hnh bo mt d liu. Nh vy cng thanh ton ch yu l thng tin chuyn i giao thc v m ha, gii m d liu, bo v ni b ngn hng. c. Chuyn tin in t ti a im bn hng (EFTPOS) EFTPOS (Electronic Funds Transfer at Point of Sale) l mt dng ca EFT p dng khi khch hng thc hin cc hot ng mua hng ti cc a im bn vt l. EFTPOS c thit k cho php s dng cc
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loi th tn dng v th ghi n trong thanh ton. i vi th ghi n, gi tr ca giao dch mua bn ngay lp tc c ghi n vo mt ti khaonr ca ngn hng ang tn ti, vi cc loi th tn dng, EFTPOS s kim tra tnh hp l ti thi ddeieeemr hin ti sau ghi vo bn c ti khon th tn dng khon tin tng ng vi gi tr ca giao dch mua bn. Quy trnh thanh ton:

Hnh 1.3- Quy trnh thanh ton chuyn tin in t (Ngun: Giao dch thng mi in t- Mt s vn c bn- TS. Nguyn Vn Minh- Trn Hoi Nam-NXB Chnh tr quc gia 2002) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Mua hng ti ca hng Thanh ton th (EFTPOS) Thng tin t ca hng ti ngn hng kim tra Ngn hng kim tra ti khon v tnh hp l ca giao dch EFT t ngn hng ca nguwoif mua ti ngn hng ca ngi bn

d. Sc in t Sc l mt bc th gi ti ngn hng ngh chuyn tin ti mt ti khon no trong ngaanh ng ti mt ti khon khc. Bc th ny khng gi trc tip ti ngn hng m chuyn thng ti ngi nhn tin v t h s k ri xut trnh th ny ti ngn hng nhn tin. Sauk hi
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c chuyn sc c chuyn tr li bn gi v c dung lm bin nhn thanh ton v sau. H thng sc in t c xy dng trn nguyn tc ca h thng sc truyn thng nhng cc chc nng ca chng c m rng hn c th s dng nh mt cng c thanh ton thng mi in t Quy trnh thanh ton: Khi khch hng mun thanh ton bng sc in t, khch hng in cc thng tin nh s ti khon, s s vo t sc in t. Ton b thng tin ny s c truyn i ti mng trung tm thanh ton b tr t ng (ACH). Ti y thng tin c xc nhn v ngi bn nhn c m bo thanh ton cn ngi mua nhn c xc nhn hp ng c k. Qu trnh thanh ton s c thc hin thng qua ACH v khon tin thanh ton chuyn ti ngn hng ca ngi bn trong vng 2 n 4 ngy.

Hnh 3.17: Chuyn tin in t ti im bn hng (Ngun: Giao dch thng mi in t- Mt s vn c bn- TS. Nguyn Vn Minh- Trn Hoi Nam-NXB Chnh tr quc gia 2002)

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1. Ngi mua k pht sc v gi cho ngi bn bng th in t hoc trnh duyt web 2. Cc thng tin v sc c chuyn ti ngn hng ngi bn 3. Trung tm b tr thanh ton t ng thc hin vic thanh ton gia cc ngn hng ghi c vo ca ngi bn v ghi n vo ti khon ca ngi mua 4. Ngn hng ngi mau s thng bo li cho ngi mua e. V tin in t V tin s ha (Digital wallet) hoc cng c l v tin in t ( Electronic wallet) l mt k thut s dng trong nhiu h thng thanh ton in t. Bt k mt hot ng giao dch no thc hin trn mng my tnh u yu cu khch hng in y cc thng tin nh tn khch hng a ch ca hng, thng tin v th tn dngiu ny gy ra nhiu tr ngi i vi khch hng v c ngi bn. Mt cch loi b tr ngi ny l s dng v tin in t. V tin in t l mt phn mm m ngi s dng ti v my tnh ca mnh v in y cc thng tin v s th tn dng v cc thng tin c nhn khc. Khi mt ca hng chp nhn nhp chut in y cc thng tin cn thit m khng cn phi lp i lp li nhiu ln. Chc nng: Mt v tin s ho c thit k c gng m phng li cc chc nng ca v tin truyn thng, ngoi ra n cn c mt s chc nng khc. f. Tin mt in t (e-cash) Giao dch tin mt s ha (digital cash) hay tin mt in t l h thng giao dch tin mt da trn cc con s tng ng. y l h thng n gin thch hp nht vi cc khon thanh ton nh tc thi trn Internet.

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Tin mt in t m phng theo tm th c xc nhn lu hnh c biu din bi mt xu ch s. Ngn hng c th pht hnh cc xu ch s ny ng thi khu tr vo ti khon ca ngi cn rt mt khon tin bng gi tr ca thng tin va pht hnh. Ngn hng xc nhn lu hnh bng cc tem s ha (tem in t) ca n trc khi truyn n ti my tnh ngi dung. Khi khch hng cn tin mt in t h ch cn truyn mt s th thch hp n ngi bn hng sau ngi bn hng chuyn tr li ngn hng xc nhn v thu v. bc ny khng nh rng mi th ch c php dung mt ln, ngn hng ghi li s pht hnh (serial number) ca chng khi chng c thanh ton. Khi xc nh mt ngi no c ghi li trong c s d liu, tn c s ngn hng xc nh mt ngi no c tnh dung mt th no trn mt ln th ngn hng s thng bo cho ngi bn rng th khng c gi tr.

Hnh 3.18: Quy trnh thanh ton bng e-cash (Ngun: Giao dch thng mi in t- Mt s vn c bn- TS. Nguyn Vn Minh- Trn Hoi Nam-NXB Chnh tr quc gia 2002) Tin mt in t rt thch hp s dng thanh ton cc giao dch c kim ngch nh nh thanh ton mt bn d bo thi tit, mt on nhc, nh gi c phiu. Trong giao dch mua bn thng thng nu kim ngch giao dch qu nh th ngi kinh doanh thng s b qua cc giao
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dch ny v chi ph giao dch chi ph thng lun vt qu bn than kim ngch giao dch lm cho giao dch s khng cn li nhun. thc hin cc giao dch nh vi s h tr ca v tin mt, cc nh kinh doanh s gim c chi ph, tnh ton chi li hn cc khon thu chi. Do tin mt in t c chia mc rt nh nn h nn h c nhiu c hi thu li nhun t cc hot ng kinh doanh cn tnh ton trn mt lng thng tin nh. g. Hi phiu in t Cc h thng xut trnh v thanh ton hi phiu in t l hnh thc mi ca h thng thanh ton hi phiu trc tuyn hng thng. H thng ny cho php khch hng c th s dng cc phng tin in tuwrddeer kim tra hi phiu v thanh ton chng thng qua chuyn khon in t cc ti khon hoc ti khon th tn dng. Ngy cng c nhiu ngi s dng hnh thc thanh ton hi phiu trong cc giao dch in t. Do hnh thc ny p ng mt khi lng nhu cu thanh ton hi phieeusddieenj t ca khch hng trn Internet. V mt kinh t n khng ch tit kim bu ph, rt ngn qu trnh x l thanh ton m cn tit kim c thi gian, to iu kin y nhanh tc chu chuyn vn kinh doanh ca doanh nghip. Ngoi ra vic p dng hnh thc thanh ton ny em li nhiu c hi xc tin qung co sn phm thu ht khch hng v nng cao hiu qu hot ng kinh doanh trn Internet.

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TI LIU THAM KHO [1] Minh Mn, Thit k trang Web vi frontpage 2003, NXB Thng k, 2003 [2] Nguyn Phng Lan, Hong c Hi, Lp trnh ng dng web vi JSP/Serverlet, NXB Lao ng x hi, 2005. [3] Nguyn Ngc Tun, Hng Phc, Lp trnh thit k web trong ASP , Nh xut bn Thng k, 2005.

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