Software Development with Computer Graphics, Distributed Data Base and OOP for Deregulated Power Systems Analysis V.L. Paucar, Senior Member IEEE, 0.S. de Sousa Jr, M. J. Rider, Siudene Member IEEE, M.F. Bedrifiana Abstract— In this paper is reported the software development for power systems analysis using several techniques combining the object oriented programming paradigm, computer ra techniques, distributed data base and software engineering. Three soflware packages have been implemented: CAPS, SIGNS and TREINOM. CAPS package is oriented for Interactive analysis of power systems and cleetric markets. SIGVNS is intended for calculation of the new replacement value in electric distribution systems. TREINOM configures «3D vietual reality enviconment for simulation of basic operation and maintenance tasks of high voltage power transformers. All packages have been implemented on Windows XP using Borland (C+ platform, Java, 30 Studio Max, VRMIL, Java 3D, CORBA ‘and database SQL. Applications include real systems of ELETRONORTE. and CEMAR, (wo Br transmission and distribution, respectively Index Terms— clectrieal power system systems, computer graphics, virtual real power flow, object oriented programming, lectrcal distribution power flow, optimal tributed data base, 1. lntRopucrion ECTRIC power systems (EPS) around the world /currently are deregulated and their structure is horizontal In that new structure the generation, transmission and distribution are considered as separated activities which are inserted in competitive environment based on market economic principles [1]. Operation and planning of EPS are conducted from moder open-architecture EMS/SCADA (energy management systenv supervisory, control and data sequisition) systems (2]. The EMS has to perform several on- line and offline computer functions such as automatic generation control, state estimation, power flow, ete Operators and planners of power systems have to use advanced and specific computer software to analyze their systems for an adequate operation and planning, Software packages for power systems analysis have to perform a large ‘his wodk has Been supported by the Bran ist ETRONORTE. snd CEMAR VL. Pasar, ©. 8. de Sousa Je, LO. Alneiéa and JM, Sans ae with Fedral Univesity of Mara (UMA), S80 Luis MA, Beal. The Test ‘nd Furth shor are ith Deparinent of Electric! Engen The ter fos are with Departs of formas (Emails. Lpavcar@iece. np. ‘en joionyahoo com, iandn(Sbol smb, atosyaon come} TMC Rider and ME. edna ae wih Dearenen of Elsie Exeay Systems, Sate Universi of Campus (UNICAMP), Canginas~ SP, Bra (Eons, mane bedrinae| ieee) 0-7803-8386-0104920.00 €2004 IEEE 198 Non Member IBEF, 1.0, Almeida, Non Member IEEE, Student Member IEEE and J.M. Santos, Non Member amount of numerical process with results that need to be shown adequately to the researcher, operator or engineer. ‘At present itis available a number of excellent computer programs for simulation of large scale power systems. Steady state and dynamic behavior of EPS may be determined with the aid of powerful computer programs. Some of these packages have been adopted by modern energy management systems in the control centers around the world. With the deregulation and continuous growing of electrical energy systems, sophisticated offline and on-line computer-based functions are performed jn the EMS. Most of those programs are powerful but their use may be cumbersome because they fare not user friendly. Experienced users may take full advantage of those computer systems but users without sufficient experience may experiment difficulties for @ correct simulation ofa power system. Despite of the inereased complexity and size of power systems, the analysis and simulation may be facilitated by the use of efficient and interactive computer programs. In this ease it may be preferred the use of versatile and interactive packages. With this objective it was considered the development of a suite of computer programs for power systems analysis emphasizing its application to teal electrical systems of Brazilian utilities ELETRONORTE and CEMAR (Maranho Energy Company). With recent advances of computer graphies [3], virtual reality (VR), objectoriented programming (OOP) [4]{S distributed computing and distributed data base (6, it has been more feasible the development of graphics and interactive software [7I[8] which may facilitate the interaction between the computers and the users. In this paper is reported the software development for easy and friendly power systems analysis using all mentioned techniques. The following packages are considered: CAPS for power systems analysis, SIGYNS for distribution systems planning and TREINOM for simulation of high voltage power transformers maintenance, HH, CAPS: INTERACTIVE PROGRAM FOR POWER SYSTEMS, ANALYSSS CAPS (computer analysis of power systems) is a graphics and interactive computer program for simulation of smal! and large scale electrical power systems. The steady-state and dynamic behavior of @ power system, operating in a competitive electricity market, may be analyzed with this package.CAPS has been developed under the object oriented programming (OOP) paradigm in two versions, C++ and Java, which are available for Windows operating, system. CH version of CAPS has been implemented using the platform C+ Builder 6.0 of Borland. The Java version of CAPS (ICAPS) has been implemented with JBuilder 7.0. Basic structure of CAPS is shown in Figure 1 EMSISCADA computer functions: Poster low, optimal power flow, power system [aan] tS | NS Fig. Steture of CAPS in an envonment fords processing CAPS includes typical application programs such as power flow (PF), optimal power flow (OPF), transient stability and dynamic. security assessment (DSA). programs have been coded with C+ language. Distributed processing is a capability used for DSA. Documentation of CAPS is based on UML (unified modeling language. Power flow function considers the modeling of Controllers FACTS (Flexible AC Transmission System) like for example: SVC (static. var compensator), TCSC (thyristor controlled series capacitor), UPFC (unified power flow controler) and HVDC (high voltage direct current). Complete Newton- Raphson and decoupled methods BX and XB are available. Static. security analysis through index performance is an extended funetion of PF application program. ‘The optimal power flow module has options for assessment of objective functions such as power loss minimization, load shedding minimization, ete, Higher order interior point ‘methods have been considered for optimization of objective function [9]. Security constraints have been taken into account in the restrictions set. Calculation of active and reactive power ‘marginal costs is another option of OPF. ‘Transient stability using the transient énergy function (TEF) and time domain simulation may be performed by CAPS. In this module TEF uses only a simplified classical model of synehronous generators whereas in time domain analysis may bbe used detailed models of generators and their controller. Dynamic security assessment (DSA) is an advanced function of CAPS which uses distributed processing, A list of potential contingencies is generated and the power system will be secure if itis stable for all the contingencies. Preventive control is used considering generation rescheduling. In Figure 2 is shown tho main window of CAPS with the unifilar diagram of IEEE 30-bus test system and the results for calculation of the marginal costs of active and reactive power. In Figure 3 are displayed some output reports of CAPS. Java version of CAPS is similar to C++ version except that its application it will allow to improve the capability of remote interaction of the users using computers with access to the Internet. In Figure 4 ig included the unifilar diagram of (EEE. 18-bus text system in edition mode. Fig 2 -Main window of CAPS (C= version) showing the uniflor diagram, sleay tt and maria oss OF EEE-30 test system. THT Fig SJCAPS i oing node oF unl diagram of EEE-118 est stem. 199tions of CAPS include IFEE-14, IEEE-30, IEE UEESITE, EEE-300 test systems and large sale Bazan power systems such as an equivalent of 2.834 buses, 230 ‘generators and 4080 transmission lines and power transformers of ELETRONORTE transmission utility, This real power system has a total generation of 47.2 GW. At present the DSA function of CAPS (DINA) is being implemented on a Regional control centre ofthis utility as part ‘ofa research and development project with UFMA. For a fast and efficient dynamic security assessment, CAPS has the capability of distributed processing using CORBA on a low- cost PC-based local area network (LAN). Some tests have ‘been conducted under Windows XP operating system. Currently the $80 Luis Regional Control Centre of ELETRONORTE utility has adopted the EMS/SCADA system SAGE [2], System DINA will be implemented on the Sdo Luis Regional Control Centre and it will read data from database of | SAGE. The graphical shell interface of JCAPS is implemented for DSA function IIL, SIGYNS: INTERACTIVE PROGRAM FOR POWER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS PLANNING: SIGNS (System of information and management of new replacement value) i a computer program for calculation of new replacement value (NRV) in disibution systems analysis, SIGNS is coded using C++ Builder 6.0 of Borland Corporation and dats tase SQL. Server 2000, Distibuied database and distributed objects have been considered in the software development. Implementation of NRV calculetion process has the following characterises: data-base handling, Interactive graphic interface and object eriented programming. ‘The system SIGVNS is composed by the following modules: 2) standard investment code management module, oad density analysis module, 6) standard investment unitary costs management module, 4) adaptation process module “Among the functions of SIGVNS sre: NRV caeulation distribution systems planning, distribution power fl, loa forecasting, load density analysis, and investments and cost displaying For displaying of output results & numberof tables, 2D and 3D graphies have been implemented with the objective to help and accelerate the analysis ofthe power distribution system planning task. Menu interfaces ofcurent version of SIGNS are in Portuguese language Implementation and methodology adopted forthe NRV has been customized tothe curent Brazilian regultory model. For example, the regulatory aset base is determined according 10 the technical document of Peviagical Tariff Revision (10). The methodology used by ANEFL (Braclian Electricity Regultory Agency) defines the following concepts: typical region, adapted network project, which tiesto replicate the Gireumsanees of electric system distribution planning. and operation. ‘The proposed methodology implemented in SIGYNS combines the mechanisms used inthe ealeulation ofthe NRV in the Yardtick Competition model [11] together with eurent ANEEL methodology, ews it ean described the following processes 2) electric distribution system components, b) standards investments, ) typical regions, 4) echnical eter of diseibution systems planing, «) Existing standard investment unitary cos, A adaptation ofthe exsing standard investments, £8) valorization ofthe adapted investments - NRV. SIGVNS has been applied to an eletic sub-system of CEMAR (Maraniio Energy Company), a distribution cconcessionire whose concession 7one is the slate of Maranhio. located in the North-Eastern region of Brazil Results of the NRV calculation forthe electric distribution system of So Luls city, the eapta ofthe sate of Maranhao,, are based upor available data on unitary costs and investments provided by CEMAR, “The electric distribution system of Sto Luis city holds 327.969 consumers within a 336 km? of geographical area ‘There have been recognized 9 dlstibution substations, 13 buses, 48 feeders and .014 distrlbution transformers In Fig. 5 is shown a map coresponding tothe current load of Sto Luis city electric system. This map is built from coordinates obtained from GPS (Global Positioning System) data. For planing asks have been defined typical lod density zones (1344 square units) configuring ares from high to low toad density in Figure 6 is shown a 200m of the map of Figure $ in Which are visible the grid of load density square unis. This tool of foad density analysis may be used for assist in the planning tasks for which Become very useful the simulation of the load behavior for the planning horizon time Figs A map showing Sib Lt iy conespond CENAR dutta ay,