Typhidot Test Overview The typidot is a dot enzyme immunoassay utilizing a 50 KD outer membrance protein which specific for

salmonella typhi infection. With high specificity, realibilty and rapidity of the test, the dot EIA technique was envisioned to provide a sample and useful method for the serodiagnosis of typhoid fever. An added advantage of the typidot test over widal test is that the result were deemed realible even if a single serum specimen is used for the test. The test Is a dot ELISA kit that lgM and lgG antibodies against the outer membrance protein of the salmonella typhi. The typhidot test become positive within 2-3 days infection and separately identified lgM and lgG antibodies. The principle The test is based on the presence of specific lgM and lgG antibodies a specific 50 KD antigen, which is impregnated on nitrocellulose strips. The reason tray was divided into 2 column marked as G and M sample and diluents then are added and

incubated for another 15 minutes and then results are interpreted. Procedure (1) Venous blood / 4 drop of blood to obtain serum (2) Allow first antibody (lgM/lgG) to bind specific antigen of salmonella typhi. (3) Wash excess unbound antibody (4) Add substrate (5) Compare the darkness of the colour of the test and control. Interpretation lgM positive lgM and lgG positive lgG positive Widal Test Serial dilutions of the patients serum is taken from 1:10 to 1:640. To each Widal test is an agglutination test for the detection of agglutinins (antibodies) for H and O antigen for salmonella in patients with enteric fever. Procedure equal volumes of Salmonella antigens are added. Acute typhoid illness Acute typhoid illness in the middle stage of infection Occurance of reinfection

The tubes are incubated overnight and read. Result: The highest dilution of the patients serum in which agglutinations occurs is noted. A single test of O titer of 1:100 or more and of H titer of 1:200 or more is significant. A rising titer of four fold or higher in an interval of 7 - 10 days is more meaningful than one test.