Codex alimentarius



















-32/2003





 
2741/1999




1997

2000

2002

2004

2006

 2000,
 



.

 
 

.

















9





 




































 












9 

9 
9 

9 


9 





Codex alimentarius

Codex Alimentarius 

standards) 



Codex alimentarius

1800s











Codex alimentarius

1900s




1903

International Dairy Federation (IDF) 



1945

FAO 


1948

WHO 


Codex alimentarius

1949

 &yGLJR
Latinoamericano de Alimentos

1950

 FAO/WHO 


1953

WHO 



1954-1958


 Codex Alimentarius Europaeus

Codex alimentarius

1960

1961

1961

FAO


FAO/WHO

Codex Alimentarius Europaeus 
FAO/WHO

WHO
(UNECE), 
 Codex Alimentarius Europaeus, FAO
Codex Alimentarius

Codex alimentarius

 Codex Alimentarius
Codex Alimentarius . 

Volume 1A General requirements
Volume 1B General requirements (food hygiene)
Volume 2A Pesticide residues in foods (general texts)
Volume 2B Pesticide residues in foods (maximum residue limits)
Volume 3 Residues of veterinary drugs in foods
Volume 4 Foods for special dietary uses (including foods for
infants and children)

10

Codex alimentarius

 Codex Alimentarius

Volume 5A Processed and quick-frozen fruits and vegetables

Volume 5B Fresh fruits and vegetables
Volume 6 Fruit juices
Volume 7 Cereals, pulses (legumes) and derived products and
vegetable proteins
Volume 8 Fats and oils and related products

Codex alimentarius

 Codex Alimentarius

Volume 9 Fish and fishery products

Volume 10 Meat and meat products; soups and broths
Volume 11 Sugars, cocoa products and chocolate and
miscellaneous products
Volume 12 Milk and milk products
Volume 13 Methods of analysis and sampling

11

Codex alimentarius
SECTION I - OBJECTIVES
SECTION II - SCOPE, USE

AND
DEFINITION
SECTION III - PRIMARY
PRODUCTION
SECTION IV - ESTABLISHMENT:
DESIGN AND FACILITIES
SECTION V - CONTROL OF
OPERATION
SECTION VI - ESTABLISHMENT:
MAINTENANCE AND SANITATION
SECTION VII - ESTABLISHMENT:
PERSONAL HYGIENE
SECTION VIII TRANSPORTATION
SECTION IX - PRODUCT
INFORMATION AND CONSUMER
AWARENESS
SECTION X - TRAINING

Codex alimentarius

HAZARD ANALYSIS AND CRITICAL

CONTROL POINT (HACCP) SYSTEM
AND GUIDELINES FOR ITS
APPLICATION
PRINCIPLES FOR THE
ESTABLISHMENT AND APPLICATION
OF MICROBIOLOGICAL CRITERIA FOR
FOODS
PRINCIPLES AND GUIDELINES FOR
THE CONDUCT OF MICROBIOLOGICAL
RISK ASSESSMENT

12

(E) No 178/2002
Food law


(E)
No 882/2004

(E)
No 852/2004

General rules
for official controls

General rules
on hygiene

(E)
No 853/2004

(E)
No 854/2004
Specific rules for official controls
on products of animal origin

(E)
No 2075/2005
Trichinella

Specific hygiene rules

for products of animal origin

(E)
No 2074/2005
Other implementing rules

(E)
No 2073/2005
M icrobiological criteria

 


()6$





13

 - 



- 


 - 



 - 


 - 



 - 


14


 

 





Trichinella 
 



 



854/2004

15


 


 ,,,,,







 
,,,,,





 
79%-N).

16


 



 


 - 






 



 




17


 



 

Trichinella 
 




178/2002








(





.
,


18

178/2002





EFSA).



 


178/2002


18 

3 ).
3 ).
3 ).
3 ).


1 2007.

19

178/2002




9 
9 .
9 .
9 .
9 
9
.

178/2002







..

20

178/2002




).





178/2002






.


 

21

178/2002



9
9
9

.

.



 9.



 10.

178/2002

 



, 




.

22

178/2002






 


:
9
9

178/2002



:
9 

9 





23

178/2002



 













178/2002

















24

178/2002



 15).

:
9




178/2002

:


 




25

178/2002






:
9












178/2002

 ( 20)

.


3 

3 
3 .
3 
3 

26

852/2004






 (





852/2004

9 

9 
(- ).
9 
9 HACCP.
9 

9 

9 


27

852/2004

(


3












 

852/2004









28

852/2004



1. 










852/2004





HACCP

29

852/2004

 







3 

3 
3 


853/2004

.




 (


 .


852/2004.

30

853/2004

 (











.


.

853/2004

(

9 
9 

9 


9


 

,.

31

853/2004

(

3 
 


853/2004

(1)





i.





ii.




.

32

853/2004

(1)






854/2004















33

854/2004














882/2004



















34

882/2004


















Trichinella 

35


 






















36






L. monocytogenes. 



oL. monocytogenes 

"


"


"

g 



cfu/g 



cfu/g 



cfu/g 



"



"

g 

37

ICMSF):






:


n : 
c : 


m : 

38




n =10, c=0 m=0. 



Q F, 
F
n






 :



n : 
c : 


m : 
: 

39




n =10, c=2 m=5.000 (cfu/g)  cfu/g)

 



 



: (ICMSF, 1986 
























n=5,c=3



N=5,c=2



N=5,c=1




4

n=5,c=3

5

n=5,c=2

6

n=5,c=1





7

n=5,c=2

8

n=5,c=1

9

n = 10 , c = 1






10
2
n=5,c=0

1
2
n = 10 , c = 0

2
2
n = 20 , c = 0




3
2
n = 15 , c = 0

4
2
n = 30 , c = 0

5
2
n = 60 , c = 0

40


case)  



:
: 

: 


41