POLLINATION 1. Pollination is the transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma. 2.

A pollination agent is an agent or organism that transfers pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of flower. 3. There are 3 main pollinating agent, i.e.; a. Animal( butterflies, bees, ants, bird) b. Wind(maize, paddy, lallang, sugarcane , grass) c. Water (hydrilla, lotus) 4. Examples of flowers pollinated by animals include the hibiscus flower, sunflower and rambutan tree flower. 5. Plants that float or are immersed in water release their pollen grains on the surface of the the water or into the water. 6. The water carries the pollen to the stigma of the flower.

7. There are two types of pollination: a. Self pollination b. Cross- pollination 8. Advantages of cross- pollination: a. Its produces new plants which are better and healthier than their parents b. Its produces more resistant new plants c. Its produces a great variety of new plants with different characteristics. DEVELOPMENT OF FRUITS AND SEEDS IN PLANTS 1. Fertilization is the fusion of male and female gametes. 2. Steps during fertilization: a. A pollen grain lands on the stigma. b. The pollen grain produces a pollen tube. c. The nucleus inside the pollen tube divides into two male gametes. d. The pollen tube grows down through the style to the micropyle of an ovule.

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In the ovule, one male gamete fuses with a female gamete(fertilization).