Dien Tu So

Ti li u tham kh o
I N T
Tr nh Vn Loan Khoa CNTT- HBK
Bi gi ng ny ( quan tr ng ! ) K thu t s L thuy t m ch lgic & k thu t s K thu t i n t s http://ktmt.shorturl.com
http://cnpmk51-bkhn.org
1.1 i s
Boole
Cc nh ngha
Chng 1. Cc hm lgic c b n
Bi
n lgic: i l ng bi u di n b ng k hi u no , l y gi tr 0 ho c 1 Hm lgic: nhm cc bi n lgic lin h v i nhau qua cc php ton lgic, l y gi tr 0 ho c 1 Php ton lgic c b n: V (AND), HO C (OR), PH NH (NOT) http://cnpmk51-bkhn.org
1.1 i s
Boole
1.1 i s
Boole
Bi u di n bi n v hm lgic Bi u Ven:
A
A ho c B
B
A v B
M i bi n lgic chia khng gian thnh 2 khng gian con: -1 khng gian con: bi n l y gi tr ng (=1) -Khng gian con cn l i: bi n l y gi tr sai (=0)
5
Bi u di n bi n v hm lgic B ng th t:
Hm n bi n s c: n+1 c t (n bi n v gi tr hm) 2n hng: 2n t h p bi n V d B ng th t hm Ho c 2 bi n
F(A,B)
0 0 1 1
0 1 0 1
0 1 1 1
1.1 i s
Boole
1.1 i s
Boole
Bi u di n bi n v hm lgic Ba Cac-n:
Bi u di n bi n v hm lgic Bi u th i gian:
S trn ba Cac-n b ng s dng b ng th t V d Ba Cac-n hm Ho c 2 bi n
B A
0
0 1
1
1 1
L th bi n thin theo th i gian c a hm v bi n lgic V d Bi u th i gian c a hm Ho c 2 bi n
A 1 0 B 1 0
0 1
F(A,B) 1 0
t
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1.1 i s
Boole
1.1 i s
Boole
Cc hm lgic c b n Hm Ph nh:
Cc hm lgic c b n
Hm V:
A B F(A,B) A F(A)
V d
Hm 1 bi n
V d
Hm 2 bi n
F(A,B) = AB
0 0 1 1
0 1 0 1
0 0 0 1
F(A) = A
0 1
1 0
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1.1 i s
Boole
A 0 0 B 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 C 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 F 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
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1.1 i s
Boole
Cc hm lgic c b n
Hm Ho
V d
c:
Hm 3 bi n
0 0 1 1 1 1
F(A,B,C) = A + B + C
Tnh ch t cc hm lgic c b n T n t i ph n t trung tnh duy nh t cho php ton Ho c v php ton V: A+0=A A.1 = A Giao hon: A+B=B+A A.B = B.A K t h p: A + (B+C) = (A+B) + C = A + B + C A . (B.C) = (A.B) . C = A . B . C Phn ph i: A(B+C) = AB + AC A + (BC) = (A+B)(A+C) Khng c s m, khng c h s :
A + A + ... + A = A
Php b:
A.A....A = A
A=A
A+A =1
A.A = 0
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1.1 i s
nh l
Boole
Mooc-gan
1.2 Bi u di n cc hm lgic
D ng tuy n v d ng h i
Tr ng h p 2 bi n A + B = A.B A.B = A + B T ng qut F(Xi , +,.) = F(Xi ,., +)

Tnh ch t i ng u
D D
ng tuy n (t ng cc tch) F(x, y, z) = xyz + x y + x z ng h i (tch cc t ng)

F(x, y, z) = (x + y + z)(x + y)(x + y + z)
D ng chnh qui
+ 01 A + B = B + A A.B = B.A A + 1 = 1 A.0 = 0

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Tuy n chnh qui F(x, y, z) = xyz + x yz + xyz H i chnh qui F(x, y, z) = (x + y + z)(x + y + z)(x + y + z)
Khng ph i d ng chnh qui t c l d ng n gi n ha
D ng tuy n chnh qui nh l Shannon: T t c cc hm lgic c th tri n khai theo m t trong cc bi n d i d ng t ng c a 2 tch lgic:
D ng tuy n chnh qui
Nh n xt Gi tr hm = 0 s h ng tng ng b lo i Gi tr hm = 1 s h ng tng ng b ng tch cc bi n
F(A,B,..., Z) = A.F(0,B,...,Z) + A.F(1,B,..., Z)
V d
F(A,B) = A.F(0,B) + A.F(1,B) F(0,B) = B.F(0, 0) + B.F(0,1) F(1,B) = B.F(1,0) + B.F(1,1)
F(A,B) = AB.F(0, 0) + AB.F(0,1) + AB.F(1, 0) + AB.F(1,1)
Nh n xt
2 bi n T ng 4 s h ng, 3 bi n T ng 8 s h ng n bi n T ng 2n s h ng
D ng tuy n chnh qui
A 0 0 B 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 C 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 F 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1
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D ng tuy n chnh qui
A 0 0 B 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 C 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 F 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1
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V d Cho hm 3 bi n F(A,B,C). Hy vi t bi u th c hm d i d ng tuy n chnh qui.
0 0 1 1 1 1
F(A,B,C) = A B C + A B C + A B C+A B C+ A BC
0 0 1 1 1 1
D ng h i chnh qui nh l Shannon: T t c cc hm lgic c th tri n khai theo m t trong cc bi n d i d ng tch c a 2 t ng lgic:
D ng h i chnh qui
Nh n xt Gi tr hm = 1 s h ng tng Gi tr hm = 0 s h ng tng ng b lo i ng b ng t ng cc bi n
F(A,B,..., Z) = [A + F(1,B,...,Z)].[A + F(0,B,..., Z)]
V d
F(A,B) = [A + F(1,B)][A + F(0,B)] F(0,B) = [B + F(0,1)][B + F(0, 0)] F(1,B) = [B + F(1,1)][B + F(1, 0)] F(A,B) = [A + B + F(1,1)][A + B + F(1, 0)]
Nh n xt
[A + B + F(0,1)][A + B + F(0, 0)]
2 bi n Tch 4 s h ng, 3 bi n Tch 8 s h ng n bi n Tch 2n s h ng

D ng h i chnh qui
A 0 0 B 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 C 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 F 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1
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A B 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 C 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 F 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1
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D ng h i chnh qui
F = (A +B+ C +B+ C +B+ C )(A )(A )
0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1
V d Cho hm 3 bi n F(A,B,C). Hy vi t bi u th c hm d i d ng h i chnh qui.
0 0 1 1 1 1
Bi u di n d i d ng s D ng tuy n chnh qui
Bi u di n d i d ng s ABCD = Ax23 +B x22 + C x21 + D x20 = Ax8 +B x4 + C x2 + D x1

LSB (Least Significant Bit) MSB (Most Significant Bit)
F(A,B ) = R 1 ,3 ,7 ,C ( ,2 ,5 )
D ng h i chnh qui
F(A,B ) = I(0 ,6 ,C ,4 )
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1.3 T i thi u ha cc hm lgic
c tiu: S s h ng t nh t v s bi n t nh t trong m i s h ng M c ch: Gi m thi u s l ng linh ki n Phng php: - i s - Ba Cac-n -...
t s quy t c t i thi u ha: C th t i thi u ho m t hm lgic b ng cch nhm cc s h ng.

ABC + ABC + ABCD = AB + ABCD = A(B + BCD) = A(B + CD)
Phng php i s
(1) (2) (3) AB + AB = B A + AB = A A + AB = A + B (A + B)(A + B) = B (1') A(A + B) = A (2') A(A + B) = AB (3')
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C th thm s h ng c vo m t bi u th c lgic.
ABC + ABC + ABC + ABC = ABC + ABC + ABC + ABC + ABC + ABC = BC + AC + AB

Phng php ba Cac-n
C BC A
ts
quy t c t i thi u ha:
C th lo i i s h ng th a trong m t bi u th c lgic
AB + BC + AC = AB + BC + AC(B + B) = AB + BC + ABC + ABC = AB(1 + C) + BC(1 + A) = AB + BC
00 01 11 10 0 1
0 1 3 2
AB
0
0 2 6 4
1
1 3 7 5
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00 01
Trong 2 d ng chnh qui, nn ch n cch bi u di n no c s l ng s h ng t hn.
11 10
27

Phng php ba Cac-n
CD AB
00 00 01 11 10
0 4 12 8
01
1 5 13 9
11
3 7 15 11
10
2 6 14 10
29
Cc quy t c sau pht bi u cho d ng tuy n chnh quy. dng cho d ng h i chnh quy ph i chuy n tng ng
30

Qui t c 1:nhm cc sao cho s l ng trong nhm l m t
s lu th a c a 2. Cc trong nhm c gi tr hm cng b ng 1.
CD AB CD

Qui t c 2: S l ng trong nhm lin quan
v i s l ng bi n c th lo i i. Nhm 2 lo i 1 bi n, nhm 4 lo i 2 bi n, ... nhm 2n lo i n bi n.
BC A
00 00 01 11 10
1
01
11
10
AB
00 00
01
1 1 1 1
11
1 1 1 1
10
1 1 1 1 1
01 11 10
00 0 1
01
1 1
11
10
F(A,B, C) = A B C + A B C =B C
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BC A

CD AB
00 0 1
BC
01
1 1
11
1
10
F(A,B,C) = A C + B C
00 00 01
1 1 1 1
01
11
10
1
1 1 1
F(A,B, C,D) = B C + B D
00 0 1
01
1 1
11
1
10
1
11
F(A,B,C) = B C + A B
10
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CD
Bi t p chng 1 (1/3)
10
1
Qui t c 3: Tr ng
h p c nh ng gi tr hm l khng xc nh (khng ch c ch n lun b ng 0 ho c khng ch c ch n lun b ng 1), c th coi gi tr hm l b ng 1 xem c th nhm c v i cc m gi tr hm xc nh b ng 1 hay khng.
AB
00 00 01 11 10
1
01
11
1
1. Ch ng minh cc bi u th c sau: a)
AB + A B = A B + A B
b) c)
AB + A C = (A + C)(A + B) AC + B C = A C + B C
F(A,B, C,D) = B C + B C
2. Xy d ng b ng th t v vi t bi u th c lgic c a hm F xc nh nh sau: a) F(A,B,C) = 1 ng v i t h p bi n c s l ng bi n b ng 1 l m t s ch n ho c khng c bi n no b ng 1. Cc tr ng h p khc th hm b ng 0 b) F(A,B,C,D) = 1 ng v i t h p bi n c t nh t 2 bi n b ng 1. Cc tr ng h p khc th hm b ng 0.
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Bi t p chng 1 (2/3)
3. Trong m t cu c thi c 3 gim kh o. Th sinh ch t k t qu n u c a s gim kh o tr ln nh gi t. Hy bi u di n m i quan h ny b ng cc phng php sau y: a) B ng th t b) Ba Cac-n c) Bi u th i gian d) Bi u th c d ng tuy n chnh quy e) Bi u th c d ng h i chnh qui f) Cc bi u th c cu d), e) d i d ng s .
Bi t p chng 1 (3/3)
4. T i thi u ha cc hm sau b ng phng php is : a) F(A, B, C, D) = (A + BC) + A(B + C)(AD + C) b) F(A, B, C) = (A + B + C)(A + B + C )( A + B + C)(A + B + C ) 5. T i thi u ha cc hm sau b ng ba Cc-n: a) F(A,B,C,D) = R(0,2,5,6,9,11,13,14) b) F(A,B,C,D) = R(1,3,5,8,9,13,14,15) c) F(A,B,C,D) = R(2,4,5,6,7,9,12,13) d) F(A,B,C,D) = I(1,4,6,7,9,10,12,13) e) F(A,B,C,D,E)=R(0,1,9,11,13,15,16,17, 20,21,25,26,27,30,31)
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Gi i bi t p chng 1
1. a)
Gi i bi t p chng 1
1. b)
AB + A B = (AB)(A B) =(A+B)(A+B) =AA + AB + AB + BB = AB + AB
AB + AC = (A + C)(A + B) AB + AC = (AB + A)(AB + C) = (A + B)(AB + C) = AAB + AC + AB + BC = AC + BC + AA + AB = C(A + B) + A(A + B) = (A + C)(A + B)
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10
Gi i bi t p chng 1
1. c)
Gi i bi t p chng 1
A
AC + BC = AC + B C AC + BC = (A + C)(B + C) = A B + B C + AC = B C + AC + A B C + A B C = B C + AC
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Gi i bi t p chng 1
4. a) 4. b)
Gi i bi t p chng 1
F(A, B, C, D) = (A + BC) + A(B + C)(AD + C)
F( A, B, C) = ( A + B + C)(A + B + C )( A + B + C)( A + B + C )
(A + BC) + A(B + C)(AD + C) = (A + BC) + (A + BC)(AD + C) = (A + BC) + (AD + C) = A(1 + D) + C(1 + B) = A+C
F = (A + B + CC)(A + B + CC) = (A + B)(A + B) = AA + AB + AB + B = B(A + A + 1) =B
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11
Gi i bi t p chng 1
5.
Gi i bi t p chng 1
5. c) F(A,B,C,D) = R(2,4,5,6,7,9,12,13)
a) F(A,B,C,D) = R(0,2,5,6,9,11,13,14)
CD AB
CD
00 00 01 11 10
1
01
11
10
1
AB
00 00 01 11 10
1 1
01
11
10
1
1 1 1
1 1
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5. d)
CD AB
Gi i bi t p chng 1
00 00 01 11 10
0 0
01
0
11
10
CD AB
00 00 01
1 1
01
1
11
10
0 0 0
1 1 1
11 10
F(A,B,C,D) = (B + C + D)(A + B + C)(A + B + C)(B + C + D)(A + B + C + D)

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Gi i bi t p chng 1 Ba Cc-n 5 bi n
Gi i bi t p chng 1
F(A,B,C,D,E)=R(0,1,9,11,13,15,16,17,20,21,25,26,27,30,31)
C=0 DE AB
C=1 DE AB
C=0
C=1
00 01 11 10 10 11 01 00
0 8 24 16 1 9 25 17 3 11 27 19 2 10 26 18 6 14 30 22 7 15 31 23 5 13 29 21 4 12 28 20
00 01 11 10 10 11 01 00
1
0 8 24
00 01 11 10
00 01 11 10
1 1
1 9
2 10 26 18
6 14
4 12 28
11 27 19
1 1
15 31 23
13 29
25
30 22
16
17
21
20
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2.1 M ch Ho c, m ch V dng it
D1
U1
U2
UY
Chng 2. Cc ph n t lgic c b n v m ch th c hi n
U1 U2 D2 R UY
0 0 E E
A
0 E 0 E
B
0 E E E
F
U1, U2 = 0 ho c E vn U1A, U2 B, UY F(A,B) 0v0, Ev1
B ng th t hm Ho c 2 bi n
http://cnpmk51-bkhn.org 51 http://cnpmk51-bkhn.org
0 0 1 1
0 1 0 1
0 1 1 1
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13
2.1. M ch V, m ch Ho c dng it
U1, U2 = 0 ho c E vn
D1 +E R
2.2. M ch o dng tranzixto

UY
Tranzixto l d ng c bn d n, c 2 ki u: NPN v PNP
U1
U2
0 0 E E
UY
0 E 0 E
B
0 0 0 E
F
C Ib B
NPN
Ic Ib B E Ie
Ic
U1
U2
D2
PNP
E Ie
U1A, U2 B, Us F(A,B) 0v0, Ev1 B ng th t hm V 2 bi n

0 0 1 1
0 1 0 1
0 0 0 1
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Ie = Ib +Ic, Ie v Ic >> Ib
Tranzixto th ng dng khu ch i.Cn trong m ch lgic, tranzixto lm vi c ch kha, t c c 2 tr ng thi: T t (Ic = 0, Ucemax), Thng (c th bo ha): Icmax, Uce = 0
2.2. M ch o dng tranzixto

Rc
Rb
2.3. Cc m ch tch h p s
UE UY E 0
F(A) 1 0
1 0
M ch tch h p (IC): Integrated Circuits M ch r i r c M ch tch h p

tng t : lm vi c v i tn hi u tng t s : lm vi c v i tn hi u ch c 2 m c
E UY
0 E
UE
UE = 0 ho c E vn UEA, UY F(A) 0v0, Ev1 B ng th t hm Ph nh
A 0 1
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Phn lo i theo s tranzixto ch a trn m t IC
n < 10
Phn lo i theo b n ch t linh ki n c s d ng
SSI Small Scale Integration (M ch tch h p c nh ) MSI Medium Scale Integration (M ch tch h p c trung bnh) LSI Large Scale Integration (M ch tch h p c l n) VLSI Very Large Scale Integration (M ch tch h p c r t l n)
n = 10..100
d ng tranzixto l ng c c: RTL (Resistor Transistor Logic) DTL (Diode Transistor Logic) TTL (Transistor Transistor Logic) ECL (Emiter Coupled Logic)
n = 100..1000
n = 103..106
S d ng tranzixto tr ng (FET: Field Effect Transistor): MOS (Metal Oxide Semiconductor) NMOS PMOS CMOS(Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor)
57 http://cnpmk51-bkhn.org 58
M ts s c tnh c a cc m ch tch h p
c tnh i n Cc m c lgic.
5v
V d : H TTL
M c1
5v
M c1
3,3
2 D i khng xc nh 0,8 0 M c0 0,5 0
D i khng xc nh
M c0
Vo TTL
Ra TTL
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M t s c tnh c a cc m ch tch h p s c tnh i n Th i gian truy n: g m Th i gian tr c a thng tin u vo
50% Vo L H 50% Ra L L H 50%
M t s c tnh c a cc m ch tch h p s c tnh i n Th i gian truy n: u ra so v i
H
Th i gian c n thi t tn hi u chuy n bi n t m c 0 ln m c 1 (s n dng), hay t m c 1 v m c 0 (s n m)

90% 100%
TLH
L H
THL
tR: th tF: th
i gian thi t l p s n dng(s n ln) i gian thi t l p s n m(s n xu ng)
50%
10%
0%
tR
tF
Th i gian tr trung bnh c nh gi: Ttb = (TLH + THL)/2

M t s c tnh c a cc m ch tch h p s c tnh i n Cng su t tiu th ch ng:
mW 100 TTL
10
M t s c tnh c a cc m ch tch h p s c tnh c * DIL (Dual In Line): s chn t 8 n 64.
P ECL
CMOS 1 f 0,1 0,1 1

10
MHz
63
64
16
M t s c tnh c a cc m ch tch h p s c tnh c * SIL (Single In Line)
M t s c tnh c a cc m ch tch h p s c tnh c * V hnh vung
* V hnh vung
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2.4. K hi u cc ph n t
lgic c b n
2.4. K hi u cc ph n t
lgic c b n
o
A A A 1 A
V
A B & AB
A B
Ho c- o (NOR)
AB
A B
1 A+B
V- o (NAND)
A B & AB
A B AB A B & AB
Ho c
A B 1 A+B
Ho c m
A B
=1 AB
r ng (XOR) A B = AB + AB
AB 00 01 10 11
F 0 1 1 0
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3.1 Khi ni m
Chng 3. H t h p
H lgic c chia thnh 2 l p h : H t h p H dy
H t h p: Tn hi u ra ch ph thu c tn hi u vo hi n t i H khng nh H dy: Tn hi u ra khng ch ph thu c tn hi u vo hi n t i m cn ph thu c qu kh c a tn hi u vo H c nh

3.2 M t s
ng d ng h t
h p
3.2.1 B
1
m ha
P1 P2 Pi 1 A 2 B i M ho C P9 9 D N=i
3.2.1 B m ha Dng chuy n cc gi tr nh phn c a bi n vo sang m t m no . V d - B m ha dng cho bn phm c a my tnh. Phm K t T m - C th tr ng h p bn phm ch c 9 phm. - N: s gn cho phm (N = 1...9) - B m ha c : + 9 u vo n i v i 9 phm + 4 u ra nh phn ABCD
N = 4 ABCD = 0100, N = 6 ABCD = 0110.

N u 2 ho c nhi u phm ng th i c n M ha u tin (n u c 2 ho c nhi u phm ng th i c n th b m ha ch coi nh c 1 phm c n, phm c n ng v i m cao nh t)
18
3.2.1 B
m ha
N= 1 N= 2
1 D
Xt tr ng h p n gi n, gi thi t t i m i th i i m ch c 1 phm c n. A = 1 n u (N=8) ho c N ABCD (N=9) 1 0001 B = 1 n u (N=4) ho c 2 0010 (N=5) 3 0011 ho c (N=6) 4 0100 ho c (N=7) 5 0101 C = 1 n u (N=2) ho c 6 0110 (N=3) 7 0111 ho c (N=6) 8 1000 ho c (N=7) D = 1 n u (N=1) ho c 9 1001 (N=3) http://cnpmk51-bkhn.org ho c (N=5)
N= 8 N= 9
1 A
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3.2.1 B
m ha
M ha u tin
A=1 n u N = 8 ho c N = 9 B=1 n u (N = 4 ho c N = 5 ho c N = 6 ho c N=7) v (Not N = 8) v( Not N=9) C=1 n u N = 2 v (Not N=4) v (Not N= 5) v (Not N = 8) v (Not N = 9) ho c N = 3 v (Not N=4) v (Not N= 5) v (Not N = 8) v (Not N = 9) ho c N = 6 v (Not N = 8) v (Not N = 9) ho c N = 7 v (Not N = 8) v (Not N = 9) D = 1 n u N = 1 v (Not N =2) v (Not N = 4) v (Not N = 6)v (Not N = 8) ho c N = 3 v (Not N = 4) v (Not N = 6)v (Not N = 8) ho c N = 5 v (Not N = 6)v (Not N = 8) ho c N = 7 v (Not N = 8) ho c N=9
S b m ha
N=1
1 D
N=2 N=3 N=4 N=5 N=6 N=7 N=8 N=9 1
1 B
1 A
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3.2.2 B
gi i m
3.2.2 B
gi i m
Cung c p 1 hay nhi u thng tin u ra khi u vo xu t hi n t h p cc bi n nh phn ng v i 1 hay nhi u t m c l a ch n t tr c. Gi i m cho 1 c u hnh (hay 1 t m) c xc nh
Gi i m cho t t c cc t h p c a b m: V d B gi i m c 4 bit nh phn ABCD bit u ra

A B C D Y0 Y1 Gi i m : : Yi Y15
u vo, 16
V d u ra c a b gi i m b ng 1(0) n u u vo 4 bit nh phn ABCD = 0111, cc tr ng h p khc u ra = 0(1).
D C B A
& Y=1 n u N=(0111)2 = (7)10

ng v i m t t h p 4 bit u vo, 1 trong 16 u ra b ng 1 (0) , 15 u ra cn l i b ng 0 (1).

3.2.2 B
gi i m -
ng d ng
gi i m BCD
N 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 B 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 C 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 D 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Y0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Y1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Y9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
B gi i m BCD: M BCD (Binary Coded Decimal) dng 4 bit nh phn m ho cc s th p phn t 0 n 9. B gi i m s g m c 4 u vo v 10 u ra.
79
80
20
gi i m BCD
Y0 = A B C D
CD AB
Gi i m a ch
Y1 = A B C D
Y2 = BCD
a ch 10 bit. CS: u vo cho php ch n b nh .

CS = 1: ch n b nh CS = 0: khng ch n
dng 0 dng 1
00 01 11 10 1
1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0
00 01 11 10
Y3 = BCD Y4 = BC D Y5 = BC D Y6 = BC D Y7 = BCD Y8 = AD Y9 = AD
a ch
i 10
Gi i m a ch
dng i
0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1
dng 1023
1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0
CS (Chip Select)
c ra nh th i
Bi t p: V s c a b gi i m BCD
82
Gi i m a ch
a ch 16 bit.
S nh c th a ch ho c : 216 = 65 536. Chia s nh ny thnh 64 trang, m i trang c 1024 . 16 bit a ch t A15...A0, 6 bit a ch v pha MSB A15...A10 c dng nh a ch trang, cn l i 10 bit t A9...A0 nh a ch nh cho m i trang.
10 A9....A0 a ch 6 A15....A10 Gi i m B nh CS
T o hm lgic
Gi s c hm 3 bi n : F(A,B,C) = R(3,5,6,7)
Y0 A 22 21 Y1 Y2 Gi i m Y3 Y4 Y5 20 Y6 Y7 F(A,B,C) 1
nh thu c trang 3 s c a ch thu c kho ng: (0C00)H (0 0 0 0 1 1 A9...A0)2 (0FFF)H

21
chuy n i m
0 A B
a f e d g b c N A 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 B 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 C 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 D 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 a 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 b 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 c 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 d 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 e 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 f 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 g 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 85 http://cnpmk51-bkhn.org 86
Chuy n m t s N vi t theo m C1 sang v n s N nhng vi t theo m C2. V d : B chuy n i m t m BCD sang m ch th 7 thanh.
1 1 1 1 0 0 1
0 1
D 1
M i thanh l 1 it pht quang (LED)
T ng h p b
CD AB
chuy n i m
T ng h p b
chuy n i m
00 01 11 10
B
&
00 01 11 10
1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1
CD AB
00 01 11 10
CD AB
00 01 11 10
00
&
1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1
00 01 11 10
1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1
1 1
01
1
A C
11 10
1 1
c
a = A + C +BD +B D
Bi t p: Lm tng t cho cc thanh cn l i
87
88
22
3.2.3 B
ch n knh (Multiplexer)
C nhi u u vo tn hi u v m t u ra. Ch c nng: ch n l y m t trong cc tn hi u u vo a t i u ra MUX 2-1

X0
MUX 4-1
Y
X1 X2 X3 C0 C1 Y
X0 X1 C0
u vo i u khi n
C0 0 1
C1 0 0 1 1
C0 0 1 0 1
Y X0 X1 X2 X3
90
Y X0 X1
3.2.3 B
ch n knh (Multiplexer)
E0
V d T ng h p b ch n knh 2-1
MUX 2-1
X0 X1 Y
C0 C0 0 1 Y X0 X1 0 0 0 0
X1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1
X0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
Y 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 Vo i u khi n
C0 E1 C0 E0 E1
S0
CS
1 S
S1
C0
X1X0 C0
00
01 1
11 1 1
10
1 1 1 1
CS
0 1
CS =1: ch n knh lm vi c bnh th ng CS = 0: ra ch n knh = 0
Y = X 0C0 + X1C0
91
92
23
S
E
0
ch n knh 2-1
S0 E
0
E
1
X0
& 1 &
C
0
S
S1 E
1
E
0
C0
E
1
C
0
C
0
X1
Vo i u khi n
93
94
ng d ng c a b
Ch n ngu n tin
ch n knh
Ngu n tin 1 Ngu n tin 2
ng d ng c a b
Ch n ngu n tin
A = a3 a2 a1 a0
ch n knh
B = b3 b2 b1 b0
C0
Nh n Y3 Y2 Y1 Y0
95
96
24
ng d ng c a b
ch n knh
ng d ng c a b
ch n knh
Chuy n i song song n i ti p

C0
T o hm lgic
f(A,B) = A Bf(0,0) + A Bf(0,1) + A Bf(1,0) + A Bf(1,1)
a0 a1 a2 a3 C0
C1
Y = C1C 0E0 + C1C 0E1 + C1C 0E2 + C1C 0E3

t
0 C1 1 0 Y a0 a1 a2 a3 t t
f(0,0) Cc u vo ch n hm f(0,1) f(1,0)
E0 E1 E2 Y = f(A,B)
f(1,1) E3 C1 A Cc bi n http://cnpmk51-bkhn.org 97 B http://cnpmk51-bkhn.org 98 C0
ng d ng c a b
ch n knh
ng d ng c a b
ch n knh
T o hm lgic
A 0 0 1 1 B 0 1 0 1 f=AB 0= f(0,0) 0 =f(0,1) 0=f(1,0) 1=f(1,1) = = = = Y X0 X1 X2 X3 C1 0 0 1 1 C0 0 1 1 0 A 1 B X3
C1 C0
T o hm lgic
0 0 0 X0 X1 X2
Y = AB
A 0 0 1 1
B 0 1 0 1
f=A+B 0 1 1 1 = = = =
Y X0 X1 X2 X3
C1 0 0 1 1
C0 0 1 0
0 1 1 1
X0 X1 X2 X3 C1 C0
Y= A+B
&
t o hm c th
l p trnh c
99
100
25
3.2.4 B
phn knh (Demultiplexer)
3.2.4 B
C0 0 X 0 1 0 1
phn knh (Demultiplexer)

Y0 0 1 0 0 Y1
DEMUX 1-2
C m t u vo tn hi u v nhi u u ra. Ch c nng : d n tn hi u t u vo a t i m t trong cc u ra.

DEMUX 1-4
Y0 X Y1 Y2 Y3
0
X
Y0
0 1 1
0
Y1
0 1
C0
C0 C1
101
102
3.2.5 B
so snh
3.2.5 B
so snh
So snh n gi n:So snh 2 s 4 bit A = a3a2a1a0 v B = b3b2b1b0. A = B n u:(a3 = b3) v (a2 = b2) v (a1 = b1) v (a0 = b0).
a3 =1 b3 a2 b2 a1 b1 a0 b0 http://cnpmk51-bkhn.org 103 =1 =1 =1 & A=B
So snh y :Th c hi n so snh t ng bit m t, b t u t MSB. a >b a <b E ai bi ai=bi Si Ii Ei Ph n t so snh

i i
0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1
0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
104
E
Ph n t
Si Ei Ii
0 0 1 1 1 1
ai bi
so snh
E: cho php so snh E = 1: so snh E = 0: khng so snh
26
3.2.5 B
so snh
3.2.5 B
so snh
Si = E(aibi ) Ii = E(abi ) i Ei = E(ai bi ) = Eaibi + Eai bi = E.Si .Ii = E(Si + Ii )

E ai bi & 1 & Ei
So snh y : B so snh song song V d So snh 2 s 3 bit A = a2a1a0, B = b2b1b0

a2 b2
Si
S2
Ph n t so snh
E2 I2
A>B
a1 b1
E Ph n t so snh
S1 E1 I1
A<B
& Ii
a0 b0
E Ph n t so snh
S0 E0 I0
A=B
106
3.2.6. Cc b
h c
a 0 b 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 r 0 0 0 1 =a b r = ab
c ng
r2 a2 b2 r3 2 r2 r1 a1 b1 1 r0 a0 b0 r1 0
B c ng
a C ng b
C ng 2 s nhi u bit: r3 A= +B =
(T r (S
ng) nh )
0 1 1
a3 b3 r4 3
=1
B bn t ng (Half Adder)
b & r
K t qu
107
2
0
108
27
c ng
Thao tc l p l i l c ng 2 bit v i nhau v c ng v i s nh
ai bi 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 ri 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 i 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1
ri+1
c ng
aibi ri
i
00 01 1 1 1 11 10 1
Full Adder
ai ri bi C ng y i ri+1
0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1
0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1
ri
0 1
aibi
ri+1
00 01 11 1 1 1 1 10
i = ai bi ri ri+1 = ai bi + ri (ai bi)
0 1
109
110
c ng
c ng 2 s
n bit
B c ng y (Full Adder)
ri ai bi & & =1 =1 i
A = an-1an-2...a1a0 , B = bn-1bn-2...b1b0 B c ng song song

an-1 bn-1
rn-1
an-2 bn-2 rn-2
a1
b1 r1
a0
b0
r0= 0
ri+1 rn
FA
FA
FA
FA
r2 n n-1 n-2 1 0
111
112
28
c ng song song tnh tr c s
nh
c ng song song tnh tr c s

a3 b3 a2 b2 a1
nh
b1 a0 b0 r0
ri+1 = aibi + ri(ai bi) Pi = ai bi v Gi = aibi ri+1 = Gi + ri Pi r1 = G0 + r0P0

G1 1 r2 G0 1 r1
V d : C ng 2 s 4 bit
Tnh Pi v Gi P3 G3 P2 G2 P1 G1 P0 G0
P0 r0
&
Tnh cc s
1 2
nh r1 a1 b1 r0 a0 b0
G0 P1
&
r4
r3 a3 b3
a2
r2 b2
& P0 r0 1 2
r2 = G1 + r1P1 = G1+(G0 + r0P0)P1 r2 = G1 + G0P1 + r0P0P1

r4 = 4
Tnh t ng
0
114
Ki m tra 15 (T4,5,6,P) (12/9/05)
B
ai bi
tr
ai
Bn hi u Di Bi+1
Gi thi t c 2 ngu n tin l tn hi u m thanh ng v i u ra c a 2 micro M1 v M2. C th s d ng b ch n knh 2-1 ch n tn hi u c a t ng micro c khng ? Gi i thch l do. (Khng s d ng ti li u)
bi 0 1 0 1
Di 0 1 1 0
Bi+1 0 1 0 0
0 0 1 1
Di = a i bi Bi +1 = a i b i
(Half Subtractor)
ai bi
=1 Di
& Bi+1
115
116
29
tr
Php tr 2 s nhi u bit cho nhau.Thao tc l p l i l tr bit cho nhau v tr s vay ai B tr Di bi y B
i
B
2
tr
B tr
song song:
Bi+1
(Full Subtractor) ai 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 bi 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 Bi 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Di 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1
Bi+1
Bi ai bi Bn hi u Di Bi+1
Bn hi u
Di Bi+1
Th Tr
0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1
c hi n nh b c ng song song. 2 s n bit c n n b tr y . (Trong b c ng song song thay b c ng y b ng b tr y , u ra s nh tr thnh u ra s vay)
117
118
Ki m tra 15 T1,2,3. Khng dng ti li u
Hy l y 1 v d th c t c th th c hi n b ng 1 hm lgic 3 bi n. - L p b ng th t - T i thi u ha hm b ng ba Cacn - Vi t bi u th c hm t i thi u ha v v s th c hi n
119
L ch h c mn i n t s cho 3 l p T1,2,3 K48 trong 3 tu n 6, 7, 8 thay i nh sau: Tu n 6,7: Th 4: C Lin d y ti p ti t 5, ngh ti t 6 Th 7: C Dung d y TTHCM ti t 1,2,3 Tu n 8: Th 4: C Trang d y TS ti t 5,6 http://cnpmk51-bkhn.org Th 7: C Dung d y TTHCM ti t
120
30
B
L ch h c mn i n t s cho 3 l p T4,5,6,P K48 trong 3 tu n 6, 7, 8 thay i nh sau (tu n ny l tu n 5) Tu n 6,7: Th 2: Ti t 1,2 ngh ( h c vo tu n 4) Th 7: Th y Minh d y LTM t ti t 1 n ti t 6 Tu n 8: Th 2: Th y Trung d y TTHCM t ti t 1 n ti t 6 Th 7: Th y Minh d y LTM t ti t 1 n ti t 6
nhn
Gi thi t nhn 2 s 4 bit A v B: A = a3a2a1a0, B = b3b2b1b0

a3 b3 a3b0 a3b1 a3b2 a3b3 p7 p6 a2b3 p5 a2b2 a1b3 p4 a2b1 a1b2 a0b3 p3 p2 p1 p0 a2 b2 a2b0 a1b1 a0b2 a1 b1 a1b0 a0b1 a0 b0 a0b0
122
nhn
A x b0 A x b1
nhn
b1
&
a3
&
a2
&
a1
&
a0
0
Dy thao tc c n ph i th c hi n khi nhn 2 s 4 bit
b0
0 &
a3
&
a2
&
a1
&
a0
CI CO 3
3 2
2 1
1 0
(A x b0) + (A x b1 d ch tri 1 bit) = 1
b2
&
a3
&
a2
&
a1
&
a0
0
A x b2
3 2 1 0 CI CO 3 3 2 2 1 1 0 0
CI: Carry Input (vo s nh ) CO: Carry Output (ra s nh )
1+ (A x b2 d ch tri 2 bit) = 2
2
b3
&
a3
&
a2
&
a1
&
a0
0
A x b3
3 2 1 0 CI CO 3 3 2 2 1 1 0 0
2+ (A x b3 d ch tri 3 bit) = 3
p7
p6
p5
p4
p3
p2
p1
p0 124
31
Bi t p l n
Tin 1: b c ng song song t 1 n 8 bit Tin 2: b tr song song t 1 n 8 bit Tin 3: b so snh song song t 1 n 8 bit Bo co: n p theo l p, chi u th 7, tu n 12, tr c 16h30 (bo co in trn gi y (khng vi t b ng tay): , lm th no, k t qu , CT ngu n)
a1 0 0 1
a0 0 0 1
b1 0 0 1
b0 0 1 1
p3 0 0 1
p2 0 0 0
p1 0 0 0
p0 0 0 1
126
a3 0 0 0 1
a2 0 0 0 1
a1 0 0 1 1
a0 0 1 0 1
0 1 1 0
c0 0 0 0 0
c1 0 0 0 1
127
Chng 4 H dy
128
32
4.1 Khi ni m
H dy: tin t c u ra khng ch ph thu c tin t c u vo th i i m hi n t i m cn ph thu c vo qu kh c a cc tin t c n a h c nh . V d : Xt b c ng nh phn lin ti p. B c ng c 2 u vo X1, X2 l 2 s nh phn c n c ng, u ra Y l t ng c a X1, X2.
4.1 Khi ni m
Nh n xt: Tn hi u ra Y l khc nhau ngay c trong cc tr ng h p tn hi u vo nh nhau Phn bi t 2 lo i qu kh c a tn hi u vo: m t l lo i tn hi u vo t o ra s nh b ng 0 v hai l lo i tn hi u vo t o ra s nh b ng 1. Hai lo i ny t o nn 2 tr ng thi c a b c ng l c nh (s nh = 1) v khng nh (s nh = 0). Ra ti : vo ti s nh ti-1: vo ti-1 s nh ti-2
t5 t4
X1=
t3 t2 t1 1 1 0 1 0 0
LSB
t5
t4 1 1 1
t3 1 1 0
t2 0 1 1
t1
0 0
1 1
X2=
B c ng lin ti p
X1= X2=
0 0 1
0 0 0
Y=
129
130
4.2 Cc m hnh h
dy
4.2 Cc m hnh h
dy
Mealy: m t h dy b ng b 5 H DY Tr ng thi
X : t p h u h n cc tn hi u vo. N u h c m u vo cc tn hi u vo tng ng l x1,x2...,xm S : t p h u h n cc tr ng thi. N u h c n tr ng thi cc tr ng thi tng ng l s1,s2...,sn Y: t p h u h n cc tn hi u ra. N u h c l u ra ta c cc tn hi u ra tng ng l y1,y2...,yl Fs: hm tr ng thi. Fs = Fs(X,S) Fy : hm ra. Fy = Fy(X,S)
M hnh Mealy v m hnh Moore
Moore: cng dng b 5 nh m hnh Mealy

i u khc bi t duy nh t: Fy = Fy(S)
131
132
33
4.2 Cc m hnh h V d B
dy
4.2 Cc m hnh h
dy
c ng nh phn lin ti p
Xt theo m hnh Mealy:

T p tn hi u vo: X={00,01,10,11}. T p tn hi u ra: Y = {0,1}. T p tr ng thi: S = {s0, s1} Tr ng thi s0 l tr ng thi khng nh hay s nh t o ra b ng 0. Tr ng thi s1 l tr ng thi c nh hay s nh t o ra b ng 1.
Hm tr ng thi: (tr ng thi hi n t i, tr ng thi ti p theo) Fs(s0,11) = s1 Fs(s0,x1x2) = s0 n u x1x2=00, 01 ho c 10 Fs(s1,00) = s0 Fs(s1,x1x2) = s1 n u x1x2=10, 01 ho c 11. Hm ra: Fy(s0,00 Fy(s0,01 Fy(s1,00 Fy(s1,01
ho ho ho ho
c c c c
11) 10) 11) 10)
= = = =
0 1 1 0
133
134
4.2 Cc m hnh h
Xt theo m hnh Moore:
dy
4.2 Cc m hnh h
B ng tr ng thi Mealy
dy
T p tn hi u vo: X={00,01,10,11}. T p tn hi u ra: Y = {0,1}. T p tr ng thi: {s00, s01, s10, s11} s00 : tr ng thi khng nh , tn hi u ra b ng 0 s01 : tr ng thi khng nh , tn hi u ra b ng 1 s10 : tr ng thi c nh , tn hi u ra b ng 0 s11 : tr ng thi c nh , tn hi u ra b ng 1. Hm tr ng thi: Fs(s00 ho c s01,00) = s00 ... Hm ra: Fy(s00) = Fy(s10) = 0 Fy(s01) = Fy(s11) = 1
S
X X1 s1 Fs(s1,X1),Fy(s1,X1) X2 Fs(s1,X2),Fy(s1,X2) ... XN Fs(s1,XN),Fy(s1,XN)
s2 : sn
Fs(s2,X1),Fy(s2,X1) : Fs(sn,X1),Fy(sn,X1)
Fs(s2,X2),Fy(s2,X2) : Fs(sn,X2),Fy(sn,X2)
Fs(s2,XN),Fy(s2,XN) : Fs(sn,XN),Fy(sn,XN)
: :
Tn hi u ra Tr ng thi ti p theo Tr ng thi hi n t i

135
N uh
c m u vo th N <= 2m
136
34
4.2 Cc m hnh h
B ng tr ng thi Moore
X S X1 X2 ...
dy
4.2 Cc m hnh h
dy
V d B c ng nh phn lin ti p
Y XN
Mealy
x1x2
Moore
x1x2 S 11 s1,0 s1,1 10 s00 s0,1 s1,0 00 s00 s00 s01 s01 01 s01 s01 s10 s10 11 s10 s10 s11 s11 10 s01 s01 s10 s10 0 1 0 1
138
s1
Fs(s1,X1)
Fs(s1,X2)
Fs(s1,XN)
Fy(s1)
S 00 01 s0,1 s1,0
s2
Fs(s2,X1)
Fs(s2,X2)
Fs(s2,XN)
Fy(s2)
s0
: : : : : :
s0,0 s0,1
s01 s10 s11
s1
sn Fs(sn,X1) Fs(sn,X2) : Fs(sn,XN) Fy(sn)
Tr ng thi hi n t i
Tr ng thi ti p theo
4.2 Cc m hnh h
hnh tr ng thi
s1
X
dy
s2
4.3 Cc trig (Flip-Flop)

Trig l ph n t nh v l ph n t c b n c a h dy Tr ng thi c a trig chnh l tn hi u ra c a n.
4.3. 1 Trig RS
SR S 01,10 CLK R Q Tr ng thi hi n t i Q Q q
/Y
V d B c ng nh phn lin ti p
00
00 0 1
Nh
01 0 0
11
10 1 1
00/0
0 1
11/1
s00
11 01,10
s10
00 11 R 1
s0
11/0 00/1
s1
11 00
Xa Kx Tl p S: Set, R: Reset
01,10
Phng trnh tr ng thi:

1 S 11 139 Q
01,10/1
01,10/0
s01
00
s11
Q = S + Rq
Tr ng thi ti p theo Tr ng thi hi n t i
CLK: CLOCK ( ng h , ng b )
Mealy
01,10 http://cnpmk51-bkhn.org
Moore
35
Trig RS
Bi u th i gian
S CLK R Q Q
1 S 0 1 0 1 0 1 Q
Thi t l p Xa Nh 0 Thi t l p Nh 1 142
R Q
141
Trig RS
Tc d ng c a ng h (CLK: CLOCK)
4.3.2 Trig D (Delay)

Q=D
Tu thu c vo tn hi u ng b tch c c theo m c hay theo s n m c 2 lo i trig D:
D Q D CLK Q Q Q
S=1 R=0 Q=1 S=1 R=0 Q=0
S=0 R=1 Q=1
Ch t D (D latch): ng b theo m c
S=0 R=1 Q=0
CLK
D xc pht s n (edge triggered): ng b theo s n dng ho c s n m c a tn hi u ng h v c k hi u nh sau:

CLK
ng b s n + ng b s n
144
CLK
143
36
Trig D- Bi u
th i gian
Ch t D
D xc pht s n dng
145
146
4.3.3 Trig JK
4.3.4 Trig T
Q = J q + Kq
Q = Tq + Tq
Nh Tl p 0 L t Tl p 1 Nh L t
147
148
37
4.4 M t s
ng d ng h dy
4.4 M t s
a)
ng d ng h dy
4.4.1 B m v chia t n s B m dng m xung. B m mun N: m N-1 xung, xung th N lm cho b m quay v tr ng thi ngh hay tr ng thi 0. Phn lo i:
B m khng ng b
m ng b : xung m ng th i l xung ng h a t i cc u vo CLK B m khng ng b : khng c n a ng th i xung m vo cc u vo CLK

V d B m khng ng b mun 16 dng trig JK ng b s n m ng h . B m mun 16 c 16 tr ng thi c n 4 trig
150
a) B
m khng ng b
n 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 q4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 q3 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 q2 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 q1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 151
a) B
1 CLK J
m khng ng b
Q1 1 J CLK Q1 K Q2 Q2 1 J CLK K Q3 Q3 1 J CLK K Q4 Q4 CLK K
n: s xung m q4, q3,q2, q1: Tr ng thi c a 4 trig
Xung m
1 1 1 1
Tv
Tr = 2 Tv, Fr = Fv/2 Tr
152
38
a) B
m khng ng b
b) B
m ng b
C 1 J CLK Q B J CLK K
FF2
B m mun 10
J CLK Q1 J Q2 CLK
V d Mun 8
A J Q CLK K Q
FF3
1 CLK 1
Q3 CLK
Q4 CLK CLK 0 1 2 A 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0
Xung vo (CLK)
B 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 C 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 S m 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0
K
FF1
K CLR Q1
K CLR Q2
K CLR Q3
K CLR Q4
FF1: J=K=1, l t tr ng thi khi c CLK FF2,FF3: J=K J=K=1: Ch J=K=0: Ch
CLR: CLEAR (XA). CLR=0
Q=0
3 4 5 6 7 8
l t khi c CLK nh khi c CLK
153
154
4.4.1 B
m v chia t n s
4.4.2 Thanh ghi

Ch c nng: Lu tr Phn lo i:
0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0
B m ng th i l b chia t n s . H s chia t n s ng b ng mun c a b m B m ti n (tng): s m tng ln 1 m i khi c 1 xung m V d B m ti n mun 8: 0-1-2-3-4-5-6-7-0- B m li (gi m): s m gi m i 1 m i khi c 1 xung m V d B m li mun 8: 7-6-5-4-3-2-1-0-7-
Cc IC c ch t o lm b m th ng cho php m theo c 2 chi u
v d ch chuy n thng tin

RA
0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0
VO
RA
VO
Vo n i ti p Ra n i ti p
VO
0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0
Vo n i ti p Ra song song
VO
0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0
RA
RA
Vo song song Ra n i ti p
Vo song song Ra song song
155
156
39
4.4.2 Thanh ghi

V d : Thanh ghi 4 bit dng trig D
A S liu vo D CLK
CLOCK CLR Q
4.4.2 Thanh ghi

VO
Dng
RA CLK 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 A 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 B 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 C 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 D 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
CLR 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
S li u
0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
B D CLK
CLR Q
C D CLK
CLR Q
D D CLK
CLR Q
2 3
4 5 6 7 8
CLEAR
CLR = 0
Q=0
10 11 12 13 14 15
157
158
4.4.2 Thanh ghi
Chung
Chng 5 T ng h p v phn tch h
dy
159
160
40
5.1 Khi ni m
H dy c 2 lo i bi ton: phn tch v t ng h p
5.2 T ng h p h
Bi ton t ng h p h
dy
dy g m cc b c nh sau:
B ng
q Q D q Q S
ng d ng c a trig
R q Q J K q Q T
0 0 1 1
0 1 0 1
0 1 0 1
0 0 1 1
0 1 0 1
0 1 0 -
0 1 0
0 0 1 1
0 1 0 1
0 1 -
1 0
0 0 1 1
0 1 0 1
0 1 1 0
1. Tm b ng tr ng thi d i d ng m ho tr ng thi c ah 2. Thnh l p b ng kch trig trn c s b ng tr ng thi m ho trn v b ng ng d ng c a trig tng ng 3. Xc nh hm kch trig v t i thi u ho cc hm kch 4. Xc nh hm ra v t i thi u ho cc hm ra. 5. V s th c hi n h d a trn cc hm kch v hm ra xc nh c V d 1 T ng h p thanh ghi 3 bit d ch ph i dng trig D
Thanh ghi 3 bit c 8 tr ng thi c 3 bi n tr ng thi c n 3 trig
161
162
5.2 T ng h p h
S li u vo: x 3 bi n tr ng thi: q1q2q3 B ng tr ng thi m ha
dy (V d 1)
x
q1q2q3
5.2 T ng h p h
1 100 100 101 101 110 110 CLOCK 111 111
163
dy (V d 1)
Hm kch trig D1 = x, D2 = q1, D3 = q2
0 000 000 001 001 010 010 011 011
Q1 = x, Q2 = q1, Q3 = q2
000 001 010 011 100 101
S th c hi n
x D1 q1 D2 CLK q2 q2
D3
q3
CLK q1
CLK q3
Bi n tr ng thi ti p theo: Q 1Q 2Q 3
110 111
164
41
5.2 T ng h p h
dy (V d 2)
5.2 T ng h p h dy (V d 2)
V d 2 T ng h p h dy ng b dng trig JK. H c 1 u

vo x v 1 u ra y. Cc u vo v ra ny u l nh phn. u ra y = 1 n u u vo x xu t hi n theo qui lu t x = 0101. Cc tr ng h p khc th y = 0.
B ng tr ng thi
C n 2 bi n tr ng thi q1q2 m ha q1
x S A B C D
q2
0
A B
1
C
0
B,0 B,0 B,0
1
A,0 C,0
0 1
T ng h p theo m hnh Mealy

x=0101011..
H dy
y=0001010..
x
q1q2
A: ch 0 u tin B: c 0 ch 1 C: c 01 D: c 010
1/0 0/0
0/0 0/0 C 1/0
0/0
D,0 A,0 C,1
00 01 11 10
01,0 00,0 01,0 10,0 01,0 10,1 11,0 00,0

Q1Q2 Q1Q2
166
D 1/1
1/0
B ng tr ng thi m ha
165
x
q1q2
B ng tr ng thi Moore
q Q 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 J 0 1 K 1 0
x q1 q
2
B ng tr ng thi Mealy
x 0 1 S A0 B0,0 A0,0 B0 C0 D0 C1 B0,0 C0,0 D0,0 A0,0 B0,0 C1,1 D0,0 A0,0
00 01 11 10
01,0 00,0 01,0 10,0 01,0 10,1 11,0 00,0

Q1Q2
x 0 S A0 B0 B0 C0 D0
J2K 0-1 -1 0167
2
1
A0 C0 A0 C1 A0
y
0 0 0 0 1
B0 D0 B0 D0
0 J1K J2K 1-0 -0 12
1 J1K 01-0 -1
1
C1
00 01 11 10
00-1 -0
168
42
q Q J
K 1 0
1 0 1 00 01 q1 q
2
B ng kch trig
x 0 J1K 00-1 -0
1
B ng ng d ng
0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 -
1 J2K 1-0 -0 12
J1K 01-0 -1
1
J2K 0-1 -1 02
T4: T5: T6: TP: T1: T2: T3:
x x x x x x x
= = = = = = =
1100 1011 0110 0001 0011 0111 1101
x q1 q
2
0 0 0 -
11 10
00 01 11 10
Hm kch trig J1 = xq2

J 2 = x K2 = x K 1 = xq 2 + q 2 x Hm ra: y = xq1q2
169
170
5.3 Phn tch h dy
S th c hi n
& 1 x J2 q2 CLK K2 q2 CLOCK =1 & J1 q1 CLK K1 q1 y
x
Cc b c th c hi n theo trnh t h dy
ng c l i so v i t ng h p
V d : Cho s h dy ng b dng trig JK nh sau. Hy

phn tch xc nh ch c nng c a h .
J2 CLK K2
q2
J1 CLK
q1
&
q2
K1
q1
1 y &
CLOCK
171
172
43
5.3 Phn tch h dy (V d )
s vi t bi u th c hm kch v hm ra:
x q , J2 = x, K1 = 2
J1 = q2, K2 = B ng kch trig

x q1q
2
, xq1=2 + xq1 q 2 y q
J1 = q2, K2 =
x q , J2 = x, K1 = 2
, xq1=2 + xq1 q 2 y q
B ng kch trig
0 1 J2 0 0 0 0 K
2
q Q J K
J2 1 1 1 1 K
2
x q1q
2
0 J1 0 1 1 0 K
1
1 J2 0 0 0 0 K
2
J1 0 1 1 0
K
1
J1 0 1 1 0
K
1
0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 - 1 1 1 - 0
J1 0 1 1 0
K
1
J2 1 1 1 1
K
2
00 01 11 10
1 0 0 1
1 1 1 1
1 0 0 1
0 0 0 0
173
00 01 11 10
1 0 0 1
1 1 1 1
1 0 0 1
0 0 0 0
174
B ng tr ng thi m ha
x q1q2 00 01 11 10 0 Q1Q
2
B ng tr ng thi
x SA B C D x 0 A,0 D,0 D,1 A,0 1 B,0 C,0 C,0 B,1 q1q
2
B ng kch trig
0 J1 0 1 1 0 K
1
B ng tr ng thi m ha
1 x J2 1 1 1 1 K
2
1 Q1Q
2
0 Q1Q
2
1 Q1Q
2
J2 0 0 0 0
K
2
J1 0 1 1 0
K
1
q1q2 00 01 11 10
00, 0 10, 0 10, 1 00, 0
01, 0 11, 0 11, 0 01, 1
00 01 11 10
1 0 0 1
1 1 1 1
1 0 0 1
0 0 0 0
00 10 10 00
01 11 11 01
175
176
44
1.
hnh tr ng thi
Cho s nh sau. M t ho t ng c a s khi phm P4 c n. D

CLK
+5 V D2 D
3
u vo m
B m mu n 8
20 21 22
A MUX B 81 C P
7 P 6
P
0
177
178
2.
D0 Q0
PR
D1 Q1 CLK CLR
D2 Q2 CLK CLR
D3 Q3 CLK CLR
CLK START
3. T ng h p b so snh lin ti p hai s A,B c di bit tu b ng h dy ng b dng trig JK theo m hnh Moore. Hai s A,B c so snh b t u t bit LSB.
CLOCK
PR: PRESET PR = 0 Q=1

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 0 1 1
CLK START
Cho d ng tn hi u CLOCK v START nh hnh v . Hy v dng trn cng tr c th i gian tn hi u cc u ra Q0, Q1, Q2, Q3 v gi i thch.
45
4. Cho s ng b dng trig T nh sau. Hy phn tch v cho bi t ch c nng c a s .

1 T1 CLK q1
CLOCK
5. Cho s nh sau. Hy phn tch v cho bi t ch c nng c a h . V tn hi u t i cc u A, B, C dng trn cng tr c th i gian cho 8 xung ng h .
q1
T2 CLK
q2
q2
181
182
a 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1
b 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1
c 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
J1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1
K1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0
J2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
K2 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0
J3 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0
K3 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
A 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1
B 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1
C 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0
6. T ng h p thanh ghi 4 bit vo n i ti p ra song song dng tri g D. Thanh ghi cn c u vo E nh chi u d ch. N u E = 1 th thanh ghi d ch ph i, cn E = 0 th thanh ghi d ch tri.
001
010 100
183
184
46
2.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 0 1 1
D0 Q0 CLK
D1 Q1 CLK
&
Q1
START
CLOCK
CLK
Q0 Q1
Q0
Q2
Q1
Q3
Q1
185
186
COUNTER MOD8
CLK
START
187
188
47
3.
t3 A B
0 1
t2
1 1
t1
1 0
t0
0 1
LSB
A > B: G (YG = 1), A = B: E (YE = 1), A < B: L (YL = 1)
So snh lin ti p
YG(A>B) YE(A=B) YL(A<B)
189
190
3.
t3 A B
0 1
3.
t2
1 1
t1
1 0
t0
0 1
LSB
So snh lin ti p
t3 YG(A>B) YE(A=B) YL(A<B) A B

0 1
t2
1 1
t1
1 0
t0
0 1
LSB
So snh lin ti p
YG(A>B) YE(A=B) YL(A<B)
AB 00 S G G E E L L
01 L L L
11 G E L
10 G G G
YG 1 0 0
YE 0 1 0
YL 0 0 1
AB
q1q2
00 00 --
01 01 --
11 00 --
10 10 --
YG
YE
YL
00 01 11 10
191
q1q2
G :10, E : 00, L : 01
192
48
4. B ng tr ng thi m ha:
q1q2 Q1Q2 00 01 10 11 01 10 00 00
BI T P
1.
2.
T p tr ng thi tng ng: l t p tr ng thi m ng v i cng m t tn hi u vo h chuy n n cng m t tr ng thi ti p theo v cho http://cnpmk51-bkhn.org cng
193
T ng h p h t h p cho php dng 3 cng-t c lm sng, t t cng 1 n. B t k cng t c no cng c th lm sng, t t n. Khng dng b c ng, hy t ng h p h t h p th c hi n php ton A = B+3. B l m t s 3 bit, cn A c s bit ty ch n cho thch h p http://cnpmk51-bkhn.org
194
3. V i gi tr no c a t h p (A7A6...A1A0)2 th S = R
A7 A6 A4 A2 A0 A5 A3 A1
S
4. S d ng b ch n knh thch h p t o hm sau:

F(A,B,C) = ABC +B C + ABC
&
Ch ng minh cu tr
l i.
&
R
195
196
49
5. T ng h p b ch n knh 2-1 dng ch cc ph n t NAND c 2 u vo. 6. T ng h p b phn knh 1-2. 7. T ng h p b nhn 2 s 2 bit m khng dng b c ng. 8. Dng m t b ch n knh 8-1 t o ra hm sau: F(A,B,C,D) = R(0,3,4,6,8,11,13,15) Ch ng minh cu tr l i.
H P
T ng h p: Bi t ch c nng h -> Thi t k s th c hi n h 1. Ch c nng -> B ng th t (bi n vo ? hm ra ? quan h vo-ra ?) 2. T b ng th t vi t hm ra theo bi n vo (t i thi u ha) 3. V s th c hi n hm c b c 2. Phn tch: Bi t s th c hi n h -> Tm ch c nng 1. T s vi t bi u th c hm ra theo bi n vo 2. Thnh l p b ng th t d a vo 1. 3. Suy ra ch c nng t b ng th t
Gi i bi t p chng 5
1. 3 cng t c: 3 bi n A, B, C. F=0: n t t, F=1: n sng
A 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 B 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 C 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 F 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1
2. B: 3 bit
b2 b1 b0
A: 4 bit a3 a2 a1 a0
b2
b1
b0
a3
a2
a1
a0
0 0 0 0 0 1 1
A=B+3
0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1
F=A
C
Vi t bi u th c cc hm ra theo 3 bi n vo (t i thi u ha)
1 1 1 1 0 1 0
V s
50
8. 4.
F(A,B,C) = ABC +B C + ABC

1 E0 E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 E6 E7 C C C 2 1 0
F(A,B, C)
F(A,B,C,D) = R(0,3,4,6,8,11,13,15)
A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 B 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 C 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 D 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 F 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1
1 0 0 1 A A A A E0 E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 E6 E7 C C C 2 1 0 F(A,B,C, D)
0 Vi t bi u th c hm d i d ng tuy n chnh qui: 1
F(A,B,C) = ABC +B C (A+A)+ ABC = ABC + A B C +AB C + ABC F(A,B,C) = R(0,2,4,7)
0 1 0 0 1 A B C
B C D
201
202
BI T P L N (1)
1. L p trnh Pascal m ph ng b c ng song song. B c ng cho php c ng 2 s nh phn t 1 bit n 8 bit Hai s nh phn c n c ng c nh p t bn phm K t qu hi n th l s nh phn
3 1. cng t
c: 3 bi n A, B, C. F=0: n t t, F=1: n sng
A B C F 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1
203
204
51
BI T P L N (2)
2. L p trnh Pascal m ph ng b so snh song song. B so snh cho php so snh 2 s nh phn t 1 bit n 8 bit Hai s nh phn c n so snh c nh p t bn phm Hi n th k t qu so snh
BI T P L N (1/3)
1. L p trnh m ph ng b c ng song song. B c ng cho php c ng 2 s nh phn t 1 bit n 8 bit Hai s nh phn c n c ng c nh p t bn phm Hi n th k t qu
205
206
BI T P L N (2/3)
2. L p trnh m ph ng b so snh song song. B so snh cho php so snh 2 s nh phn t 1 bit n 8 bit Hai s nh phn c n so snh c nh p t bn phm Hi n th k t qu
BI T P L N (3/3) (ST7/t15)
3.
H dy ng b c 1 u vo x v 1 u ra y. u ra y = 1 n u u vo x xu t hi n theo qui lu t x = 0110. Cc tr ng h p khc th y = 0. T ng h p h dy dng trig JK theo m hnh Mealy v m ph ng h t ng h p c theo ngn ng l p trnh ty ch n.
207
52
BI T P L N (2)
H dy ng b c 1 u vo x v 1 u ra y. u ra y = 1 n u u vo x xu t hi n theo qui lu t x = 1001. Cc tr ng h p khc th y = 0. T ng h p h dy dng trig JK theo m hnh Mealy v m ph ng h t ng h p c theo ngn ng l p trnh ty ch n. x=1 0010 01 y= 0001001 http://cnpmk51-bkhn.org
2.
BI T P L N (3)
M i sinh vin n p bo co bi t p l n (in, khng vi t tay). Trong bo co c n c:
Chng trnh ngu n Phn tch chng trnh ngu n K t qu ch y chng trnh
Ch sinh vin no n p bi t p l n th m i c d thi l n 1.N p theo l p vo th 7 c a tu n 12.

Ki m tra 90. Khng s d ng ti li u Cc TL lin quan khng m t bn ()

Cu 1. S d ng s l ng t nh t b ch n knh 2-1 th c hi n m t b ch n knh 4-1. Cu 2. Gi thi t c s 4 bit A = a3a2a1a0. Hy s d ng s l ng b ch n knh 4-1 c n thi t th c hi n php d ch vng s A nh sau: a3a2a1a0 a0a3a2a1 a1a0a3a2 a2a1a0a3 a3a2a1a0 Cu 3. Cho s dng trig E D v tn hi u vo E nh hnh v . Hy v tn hi u t i u ra y dng trn cng tr c th i gian v i CLK v gi i thch.
CLOCK
CLK
D0 Q0 CLK
D1 Q1 CLK
&
Cu 4. Dng b gi i m 3 u vo v s l ng t nh t cc ph n t lgic c b n th c hi n b c ng y . Gi i thch k t qu .
Q1
211
212
53
Cu 5. Hy phn tch v cho bi t ch c nng c a s sau
Cu 6. Cho s nh hnh v . Hy v tn hi u ra t i q, t i u vo R dng theo cng tr c th i gian v i CLOCK v gi i thch. Bi t r ng b m mun 8 tch c c v i s n m c a ng h . B m ch m khi u vo E m c cao, n u E m c th p th b m khng m. Gi thi t tr c khi c xung START tr ng thi b m l 000 v q = 0. STAR
T
S q
>CLK
&
22 21 20 m mun 8
CLOCK
CLOCK
ENABLE
START
IT
CLOCK START R q,E
D UA ID UK
UA > UK: it thng ID >0
UA <= UK: it t t ID = 0
215
216
54
a1 0 0
a0 0 0
b1 0 0
b0 0 1
p3 0 0
p2 0 0
p1 0 0
p0 0 0
Chng 6. B
nh
1
5.1. Vai tr c a b
nh
iv ih
th ng my tnh
5.1. Vai tr c a b
nh
iv ih
th ng my tnh
B nh chng trnh: cho php lu tr , l y ra, thay i chng trnh B nh d li u: lu tr d li u trong qu trnh chng trnh tnh ho c k t qu ch y chng trnh. B nh trong (chnh) v b nh ngoi (ngo i vi) B nh trong : thng tin c lu tr v l y ra v i t c r t nhanh B nh ngoi: th ng c dung l ng r t l n hn so v i b nh trong nhng ch m hn so v i b nh trong. B nh ch a cc bit thng tin. T : nhm cc bit bi u di n cho m t th c th thng tin. di t : c th t 4 n 32 bit ho c nhi u hn. nh : t p cc ph n t c th lu tr m t t . Ch ng h n: nh ch a t 8 bit c th g m 8 trig. Dung l ng b nh : th ng c bi u di n theo b i c a 210 = 1024 (K) 211 = 2048 = 2K, 216 = 65536 = 64K
My tnh
n v s h c
n v i u khi n
B nh trong (bn d n)
n v x l trung tm (CPU)
B nh ngoi (bng, a)
220
55
Cc thao tc i v i b nh 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Ch n a ch trong b nh ang c truy nh p c ho c ghi L a ch n thao tc c ho c ghi c n ph i th c hi n Cung c p d li u vo c n ph i lu tr trong qu trnh ghi Duy tr d li u ra l y t b nh trong qu trnh c Kch ho t (ho c khng kch ho t) b nh b nh s (ho c khng) c p ng i v i a ch a vo v l nh c/ghi
5.2. T
ch c b
a ch
nh
D7 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 D6 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 D5 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 D4 D3 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 D2 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 D1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 D0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09
221
222
Chip nh 8 t
Bus s li u 8 bit 2 chi u
x 4 bit Vo
I0
I1
I2
I3 CS
CPU
B nh a ch
A0 A1 A2 O0
8t x 4 bit WE O1 O2 O3
Chip Select Write Enable
ghi
Bus a ch 16 bit 1chi u Tn hi u i u khi n
Ra
223
224
56
I1
Vo
I0
Gi i m T T a ch A0 A1 T T 0 1 CS 2 3
Io I1 I2 I3 CS WE A2 O4 I4 A0 A1 I5 I6 I7 CS WE
CS WE
WE a ch
A0 A1 A2 Oo
8 t x 4 bit Chip 1 O1
O2 O3
O6 O7
O1
Ra
M c song song 2 chip nh 8 t O0

225
4 bit t o thnh chip nh 8 t
8 bit
226
M c song song chip nh tng dung l ng b nh CS (A3) WE Bit line CS
Io A0
I1
I2
I3 CS WE
Io A0 A1 A2 Oo
I1
I2
I3 CS WE
a ch
A1 A2 Oo
Read / Write
O2 O3
O2 O3
I/O Bit vo, ra chung m t ng Bus chung

57
x
q1q2q3
0 000 000 001 001 010 010 011 011
1 100 100 101 101 110 110 111 111
x
q1q2q3
0 000 000 001 010
1 100 100 100 100
000 001 010 011 100 101 110 111
000 001 010 100
229
58

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Ti li u tham kh o

Tr nh Vn Loan Khoa CNTT- HBK

Bi gi ng ny ( quan tr ng ! ) K thu t s L thuy t m ch lgic & k thu t s K thu t i n t s http://ktmt.shorturl.com

Hm n bi n s c: n+1 c t (n bi n v gi tr hm) 2n hng: 2n t h p bi n V d B ng th t hm Ho c 2 bi n

S trn ba Cac-n b ng s dng b ng th t V d Ba Cac-n hm Ho c 2 bi n

L th bi n thin theo th i gian c a hm v bi n lgic V d Bi u th i gian c a hm Ho c 2 bi n

Tr ng h p 2 bi n A + B = A.B A.B = A + B T ng qut F(Xi , +,.) = F(Xi ,., +)

ng tuy n (t ng cc tch) F(x, y, z) = xyz + x y + x z ng h i (tch cc t ng)

+ 01 A + B = B + A A.B = B.A A + 1 = 1 A.0 = 0

F(A,B,..., Z) = A.F(0,B,...,Z) + A.F(1,B,..., Z)

F(A,B) = A.F(0,B) + A.F(1,B) F(0,B) = B.F(0, 0) + B.F(0,1) F(1,B) = B.F(1,0) + B.F(1,1)

F(A,B) = AB.F(0, 0) + AB.F(0,1) + AB.F(1, 0) + AB.F(1,1)

V d Cho hm 3 bi n F(A,B,C). Hy vi t bi u th c hm d i d ng tuy n chnh qui.

F(A,B,..., Z) = [A + F(1,B,...,Z)].[A + F(0,B,..., Z)]

[A + B + F(0,1)][A + B + F(0, 0)]

2 bi n Tch 4 s h ng, 3 bi n Tch 8 s h ng n bi n Tch 2n s h ng

V d Cho hm 3 bi n F(A,B,C). Hy vi t bi u th c hm d i d ng h i chnh qui.

Bi u di n d i d ng s ABCD = Ax23 +B x22 + C x21 + D x20 = Ax8 +B x4 + C x2 + D x1

1.3 T i thi u ha cc hm lgic

1.3 T i thi u ha cc hm lgic

c tiu: S s h ng t nh t v s bi n t nh t trong m i s h ng M c ch: Gi m thi u s l ng linh ki n Phng php: - i s - Ba Cac-n -...

t s quy t c t i thi u ha: C th t i thi u ho m t hm lgic b ng cch nhm cc s h ng.

1.3 T i thi u ha cc hm lgic

1.3 T i thi u ha cc hm lgic

quy t c t i thi u ha:

Trong 2 d ng chnh qui, nn ch n cch bi u di n no c s l ng s h ng t hn.

1.3 T i thi u ha cc hm lgic

1.3 T i thi u ha cc hm lgic

1.3 T i thi u ha cc hm lgic

1.3 T i thi u ha cc hm lgic

1.3 T i thi u ha cc hm lgic

1.3 T i thi u ha cc hm lgic

1.3 T i thi u ha cc hm lgic

2. Xy d ng b ng th t v vi t bi u th c lgic c a hm F xc nh nh sau: a) F(A,B,C) = 1 ng v i t h p bi n c s l ng bi n b ng 1 l m t s ch n ho c khng c bi n no b ng 1. Cc tr ng h p khc th hm b ng 0 b) F(A,B,C,D) = 1 ng v i t h p bi n c t nh t 2 bi n b ng 1. Cc tr ng h p khc th hm b ng 0.

AB + A B = (AB)(A B) =(A+B)(A+B) =AA + AB + AB + BB = AB + AB

AB + AC = (A + C)(A + B) AB + AC = (AB + A)(AB + C) = (A + B)(AB + C) = AAB + AC + AB + BC = AC + BC + AA + AB = C(A + B) + A(A + B) = (A + C)(A + B)

F(A, B, C, D) = (A + BC) + A(B + C)(AD + C)

F = (A + B + CC)(A + B + CC) = (A + B)(A + B) = AA + AB + AB + B = B(A + A + 1) =B

F(A,B,C,D) = (B + C + D)(A + B + C)(A + B + C)(B + C + D)(A + B + C + D)

U1, U2 = 0 ho c E vn U1A, U2 B, UY F(A,B) 0v0, Ev1

2.2. M ch o dng tranzixto

U1A, U2 B, Us F(A,B) 0v0, Ev1 B ng th t hm V 2 bi n

2.2. M ch o dng tranzixto

M ch tch h p (IC): Integrated Circuits M ch r i r c M ch tch h p

UE = 0 ho c E vn UEA, UY F(A) 0v0, Ev1 B ng th t hm Ph nh

2 D i khng xc nh 0,8 0 M c0 0,5 0

Th i gian c n thi t tn hi u chuy n bi n t m c 0 ln m c 1 (s n dng), hay t m c 1 v m c 0 (s n m)

i gian thi t l p s n dng(s n ln) i gian thi t l p s n m(s n xu ng)

Th i gian tr trung bnh c nh gi: Ttb = (TLH + THL)/2

CMOS 1 f 0,1 0,1 1

H lgic c chia thnh 2 l p h : H t h p H dy

H t h p: Tn hi u ra ch ph thu c tn hi u vo hi n t i H khng nh H dy: Tn hi u ra khng ch ph thu c tn hi u vo hi n t i m cn ph thu c qu kh c a tn hi u vo H c nh

N = 4 ABCD = 0100, N = 6 ABCD = 0110.

N=2 N=3 N=4 N=5 N=6 N=7 N=8 N=9 1

Gi i m cho t t c cc t h p c a b m: V d B gi i m c 4 bit nh phn ABCD bit u ra

V d u ra c a b gi i m b ng 1(0) n u u vo 4 bit nh phn ABCD = 0111, cc tr ng h p khc u ra = 0(1).

& Y=1 n u N=(0111)2 = (7)10

ng v i m t t h p 4 bit u vo, 1 trong 16 u ra b ng 1 (0) , 15 u ra cn l i b ng 0 (1).

a ch 10 bit. CS: u vo cho php ch n b nh .

nh thu c trang 3 s c a ch thu c kho ng: (0C00)H (0 0 0 0 1 1 A9...A0)2 (0FFF)H

M i thanh l 1 it pht quang (LED)

C nhi u u vo tn hi u v m t u ra. Ch c nng: ch n l y m t trong cc tn hi u u vo a t i u ra MUX 2-1

CS =1: ch n knh lm vi c bnh th ng CS = 0: ra ch n knh = 0