Name _______________________

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Polycythemia is a condition characterized by an abnormal

proliferation of erythrocytes (also known as red blood cells) in
the blood. This increased presence of erythrocytes thickens
the blood and slows its flow through the body,

Eosinophilia

Eosinophils are members of the granulocytic class of

white blood cells that function primarily in fighting
infections of parasites and in allergic reactions. The cells,
which are named for the eosin-staining granules they
contain, generally comprise one to three percent of the
total white blood cell count in a healthy individual.
Persons who exhibit an abnormally large number of
eosinophils are said to have eosinophilia.

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia. These mature

lymphocytes are increased markedly in number. They are
indicative of chronic lymphocytic leukemia, a disease
most often seen in older adults. This disease responds
poorly to treatment.

Sickle Cell Anemia Due to a genetic mutation in the

DNA that codes for hemoglobin, red blood cells take on a
flattened or sickle shape. This sickle shape serves as an
evolutionary advantage in areas where malaria is present.
The shape of the RBC is such that it does not allow the
malarial parasite to grow within the human’s RBCs.

Iron deficiency anemia

Iron deficiency anemia affects an estimated one in

five women and as many as half of all pregnant
women. Malabsorption of iron, monthly
menstruation and pregnancy can all result in an iron
deficiency. Since it is iron that lends hemoglobin its
color, the effected blood cells appear pale and
somewhat transparent.